專題11.Unit2詞匯與語法

Unit2詞匯與語法一．重點詞匯學習1.seeeyetoeyewithsb(onsth)2.anxiousadj.3.anger n.4.mental adj.5.struggleⅵ.&n.6.fromone’spointofview7.thinksththrough8.concern n.9.stress n.10.design vt.11.expert n.12.likely adj.13.unique adj.14.performance n.15.eager adj.16.account n.17.drawsthoutofsth18.operationn.19.response n.二．重點詞匯解析1.seeeyetoeyewithsb.(onsth.)(在某事上)與某人看法一致[例]It'snormalthatyoucan'tseeeyetoeyewithhimonsomething.你在某些事情上和他看法不一致是很正常的。[歸納拓展]haveagoodeyefor對……有鑒賞力haveone'seyeon密切注視；監(jiān)視insb.'seyes依某人看keepaneyeon 照看；注意keepaneyeoutfor密切注意；留神closeone'seyesto對……視而不見[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thewomanhasagoodeyemusic，whichamazesallofus.②CanyoukeepaneyemybagwhileIgotothebathroom?③Youcan'tjustcloseyoureyeshisbadbehavior.④Hedoesn'tthisquestion.在這個問題上他跟你看法不一樣。2.anxiousadj.憂慮的，擔心的；令人焦慮的；渴望的[例]Hewasabitanxiousaboutthesafetyofthemachinery.他有點擔心機器的安全性。[歸納拓展](1)beanxiousfor/about(＝beworried/concernedabout)為……擔心/擔憂beanxiousfor(＝beeagerfor/bekeenon)渴望……beanxious(forsb.)todosth. 渴望(某人)做……beanxiousthat...渴望……(從句謂語用shoulddo，should可以省略)(2)anxiouslyadv. 焦躁地；急切地anxietyn. 擔心；焦慮；渴望[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Wewereanxiousforeveryone(know)thetruth.②HeseemedanxioustheingCollegeEntranceExamination.③Theparentsofthosetwochildrenwerewaiting(anxious)outsidethehall.④Sheschoolandgetajob.她渴望畢業(yè)找一份工作。3.strugglevi.&n．奮斗；斗爭；搏斗[例]Thepanyisstrugglingtofindbuyersforitsnewproduct.這個公司正竭力為它的新產(chǎn)品尋找買主。[歸納拓展](1)struggleagainst/withsb./sth. 同……做斗爭；與……抗爭struggleforsth. 為……而斗爭struggletodosth. 努力去做某事；掙扎著做某事struggletoone'sfeet 掙扎著站起來Itisastruggleforsb.todosth. 對某人來說做某事是難事[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theyhadtostruggleallkindsofdifficulties.②Icouldseetheyoungboystruggling(free)himself.③Hehasbeenstrugglingsuccessinhisbusiness.④Sheisafamilyalone.她獨自一人艱難地養(yǎng)活一家人。4.thinksth.through充分考慮，全盤考慮，想透[例]Doyouhavetimetothinkthedetailsofyouroptionthrough?你有時間徹底考慮選修課的細節(jié)問題嗎？[歸納拓展]thinkhighly/muchof 高度評價thinkabout 考慮thinkof 想起thinkback 回想thinkover 仔細考慮thinkup 想出；編造出[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Everyoneinthevillagethinks(high)oftheyoungman.②I'vebeentryingtothinktothatlastevening.③Shehadtothinkagoodreasonforbeinglate.④Let'shissuggestionsbeforeweseehimagain.讓我們仔細考慮他的建議后再和他見面。5.concernn．擔心，憂慮；關(guān)心vt.涉及；讓(某人)擔憂[例]Shehasn'tbeenseenforfourdaysandthereisconcernforhersafety.她已四天不見蹤影，大家對她的安全很擔心。[歸納拓展](1)showconcernfor 對……關(guān)切；關(guān)心(2)Itconcerns/concernedsb.that... 令某人擔憂的是……(3)concernedadj. 擔心的；關(guān)注的as/sofaras...beconcerned 關(guān)于；至于；就……而言beconcernedabout/for 關(guān)心；擔憂；掛念beconcernedwithsth. 牽涉；與……有關(guān)concerningprep. 關(guān)于；就……而言[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Asfarasthespacetechnology(concern)，Chinaranksthirdintheworld.②Heaskedseveralquestions(concern)thefutureofthepany.③Moreandmorepeopleshowgreatconcernroadsafety.④Thischapterthehistoricalbackground.本章旨在講述歷史背景。[小片段填空]AsfarasI(concern)，thepublicareshowingmoreandmoreconcerneducation.Sothebooks(concern)academicsarepopularwiththem.Butitconcernsmethehealthoftheyoungareinbadconditionnow，whichisconcernedwell.6.stressn．精神壓力，緊張；強調(diào)vt.強調(diào)，著重[例]Itwasundertakenunderthestressofdesperation.那是在絕望的迫使下作出的一種反應。[歸納拓展](1)lay/placestresson 強調(diào)；著重于underthestressof 在……壓力下；為……所迫beunderstress 處于壓力之下(2)stresstheimportanceof... 強調(diào)……的重要性(3)stressfuladj. 壓力重的；緊張的(4)stressedadj. 焦慮的[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Tomyexcitement，mynewjobismuchless(stress)．②Itmust(stress)thatthisdiseaseisveryrare.③Inthemeeting，theylaidstresstheimportanceofreducingpollution.④Unemploymentandhiswife'shealthputhim．失業(yè)及妻子的健康使他處于巨大的壓力中。[小片段填空]Stressisastateofbeingupsetwhenwearestressforalongtime，andnobodylikes(place)stressonbyothers，fortoomuchstresscanmakeussick.Asastudent，mydailylifeisusually(stress)，andmostofusfeel(stress)everyday，soIhopeparentsshouldn'tstressimportanceoflearningtousanymorewhenweareathome.7.designvt.設(shè)計；制訂n.設(shè)計；設(shè)計藝術(shù)[例]Theyaskedmetodesignaposterforthecampaign.他們請我為這次運動設(shè)計一張海報。[歸納拓展](1)bydesign＝onpurpose 故意地，蓄意地(2)bedesignedtodosth. 目的是做某事；被設(shè)計用于做某事bedesignedfor 打算作……用；為……而設(shè)計bedesignedas 打算當作……；設(shè)計成……designern. 設(shè)計者；謀劃者[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①HUNCHisdesigned(connect)highschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.②AsfarasIknow，thecourseisdesignedbeginners.③I'msurethatshedidn'tleadtotheargumentdesign.④Themethoduseinsmallgroups.這種方法是為小組使用設(shè)計的。8.likelyadj.可能的，預料的，有希望的[例]HeislikelytoleaveforNewYorknextweek.他下周很可能去紐約。[歸納拓展](1)sb./sth.belikelytodo... 可能做……Itislikelythat...可能……Notlikely!不會！不可能！(2)unlikelyadj.不可能的(3)unlikeprep.不像；與……不同[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theyarelikely(finish)thejobonSunday.②Itislikelythegirlwillwinthematch.③Thisis(likely)tobethewholestory.④hewillehereintwodays.他很可能兩天后會來這兒。9.performancen．表現(xiàn)；表演；執(zhí)行，履行[例]Insidethetheatre，theyweregivingaperformanceofBizet'sCarmen.他們正在劇院里演出比才的《卡門》。[歸納拓展](1)give/putonaperformance 演出；表演(2)performvt.&vi. 表演；履行；執(zhí)行；表現(xiàn)performa(n)...rolein 在……中起……作用performone'spromise 盡職責/履行諾言performanoperation/experiment做手術(shù)/實驗performern.執(zhí)行者，實行者；履行者；表演者[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Youareexpected(perform)yourpromise.②Theygave(perform)tocollectmoneyfortheproject.③(perform)sofrequently，theplaywasfamiliartoalotofpeople.④ItwasbytheFrenchteam.那是法國隊一次令人嘆服的表現(xiàn)。10.eageradj.熱切的，渴望的，渴求的[例]Robert，whousedtobeasuccessfulcaptain，iseagertotalkabouthislifeinthearmy.羅伯特曾是個成功的上尉，他很想談談他的軍隊生活。[歸納拓展](1)beeagerforsth. 渴望得到某物beeagertodosth. 渴望做某事(2)eagerlyadv. 熱切地，渴望地(3)eagernessn. 熱切；渴望(4)longforsth. 渴望得到某物longtodosth. 渴望做某事[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thepoorgirliseagerknowledge.②EachweekI(eager)countedmygrowingsavingsincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere.③Someofuswereconfidentandeager(take)partintheclassactivity，andotherswerenervousandanxious.④Sheherparents'approval.她渴望得到父母的贊許。11.accountvt.認為是，視為；說明；總計有n.賬戶；描述；解釋；說明；報道[例]Hehasabadnameonaccountofhisdishonesty.他因不誠實而聲名狼藉。[歸納拓展](1)accountfor 說明(原因等)；做出解釋；占……(比例)(2)open/closeabankaccount 開通或注銷銀行賬戶onaccountof＝becauseof 由于；因為onnoaccount 不論什么理由都不oaccount＝oconsideration 考慮……；把……考慮在內(nèi)[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①He'llhavetoaccountwhereeverycentgoes.②Beforemakingadecision，weshouldtaketheneedsofcustomersaccount.③Hecan'trunveryfastaccountofhisbadhealth.④Womenthemajorityofourcustomers.我們的顧客中女性占多數(shù)。12.responsen．回復；反應，響應[例]Wordcamethattheschoolwouldmakearesponsetothestudents'requestsoon.有消息傳來，學校會很快對學生們的請求作出回應。[歸納拓展](1)inresponseto 響應；反應(通常作狀語)make(no)responseto 對……(不)作出反應/回答(2)respondvi. 回答；響應；作出反應respondto... 回應……；對……作出反應respondthat... 回答說……[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theproductwasdevelopedin(respond)tocustomers'demand.②Sherespondedmyletterwithaphonecall.③“Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken，”Dennis(response)．④hisremarksfromthegovernment.政府方面對他的評論一直沒有反應。隨堂練習Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theseworkersstruggledbetterworkingconditions.2．Igotupandwalked(calm)outintotheearlyevening.3．Theaccident(concern)withthebusdriver.4．Hehadtocontinuetolearnsomethingtoequiphimselfthestressoflosingajob.5．Thelawyerwassokindthathearguedthepoorman.6．Heis(anxious)waitingfortheresultofthemedicaltests.7．Theincidenthasfurtherincreasedthe(tense)betweenthetwocountries.8．Forsuchayoungman，itisreallyavery(stress)job.9．Thepresident(shoot)intheheadanddiedonthespot.10．Theprogrammeistargetedat(improve)thehealthofwomenofallages.Ⅱ.短語填空seeeyetoeyewithsb.(onsth.)；shootup；keepthepeace；calmdown；fromone'spointofview；thinksth.through；backdown；ontheotherhand1．Atlastthewildwind．2．IwishIcouldbringyoutoseethesituation．3．Youmustalwaysaproblembeforeacting.4．Facedwithourevidence，theothersidehadto．5．Ontheonehand，thisjobdoesn'tpayverymuch，butIcan'tgetanotherone.6．Weeachotherthis.7．Thatboysincewelastsawhim.8．Thepeace-keepingtroopstrytoofthatplace.hasshotup8.keepthepeaceof簡單句、并列句和復合句英語句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為三類：簡單句、并列句和復合句。[觀察例句]判斷下列句子是簡單句，并列句還是復合句？1．Doeseverydinnerwithyourparentsseemtoturnintoabattle？2．Doyoufeelthatyoujustcannotseeeyetoeyewiththemonanything？3．Youmightworryaboutyourchangingvoice，weightproblemsorspots.4．Whenitallgetstoomuch，yourparentsareoftenthefirsttargetsofyouranger. 復合句5．Itcanbeabigheadachetobalanceyourdevelopingmentalneedstoo.6．Unfortunately，yourparentsdonotalwaysagreeandthatmakesyoufeelunhappy. 并列句7．Ofcourse，Iwantedtoshowmyconcernforhiscondition，soIaskedhimtoseeadoctor.8．Thegoodnewsisthatthisstormyperiodwillnotlast.[歸納用法]一、簡單句簡單句是只含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜歡集郵。Canyoufinishtheworkintime?你能按時完成工作嗎？Sitdown，please.請坐。Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息??！[即學即練1]完成句子①Thestory．那個故事聽起來很有趣。②Itoday.我今天沒做早操。③fivelanguages?他會講五種語言嗎？④bytrain!讓他們坐火車去吧?、輎tis!這是個多么有趣的故事?。《?、并列句兩個或兩個以上的簡單句用并列連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子，叫作并列句，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句”。并列句中的各簡單句意義同等重要，相互之間沒有從屬關(guān)系，是平行并列的關(guān)系。并列連詞有and，but，or，so等。Thewatchischeap，butitgoesquitewell.這塊表雖然便宜，但走得很好。Itwaslate，sowewenthome.天晚了，所以我們就回家了。Hurryup，oryou'llmissitall.快點，不然你什么都趕不上了。Standoverthereandyou'llbeabletoseeitbetter.站在那邊，你就能看得更清楚了。[即學即練2]完成句子①Herfatherisadoctor，．她的爸爸是個醫(yī)生，她的媽媽是個作家。②Welovepeace．我們熱愛和平，但是我們不懼怕戰(zhàn)爭。③Iwastired，．我累了，于是早早回家了。④Imustworkhard，．我要努力學習，否則考試要不及格了。三、復合句復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成。主句為句子的主體，從句只用作句子的一個次要成分，不能獨立成為一個句子。從句通常由關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導，并由關(guān)聯(lián)詞將從句和主句聯(lián)系在一起。從句按其在復合句中的作用分為表語從句、賓語從句、狀語從句、定語從句和主語從句等。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.困難是我們資金短缺。Theythinkthatthebridgewasbuilt100yearsago.他們認為這座橋建于100年前。Whenyoufinishthework，youmaygoouttoplaywithSam.你完成工作就可以和Sam一起出去玩了。Themanwhohasanumbrellainhishandismyuncle.手上拿了一把雨傘的那個人是我的叔叔。Whathesaidistrue.他說的是真的。[即學即練3]完成句子①isunknown.他生于何時還不知道。②Thetroubleis．問題是他丟了錢。③Iaskedhim．我問他是否完成了作業(yè)。④，weshallgohiking.如果明天不下雨，我們要去徒步旅行。⑤Thisisth