專題04-2說(shuō)明文議論文閱讀理解精練20篇

專題04閱讀理解說(shuō)明文議論文精練20篇2022年秋九年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)開(kāi)學(xué)考試匯編Passage1（2021·湖南·長(zhǎng)沙市九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood,takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthourseverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessofage,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,overhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleepdeprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure.Whyaresomanypeoplesleepdeprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas“l(fā)azy”.Also,youcansometimehearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep,andtheyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpertinsleep.Hesays,“Sleepislikeacreditcard.Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard’.”Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid,“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”1．Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto________.A．eathealthyfoodeverydayB．takeexerciseasmuchaspossibleC．sleepeighthoursormorethaneighthourseverynight2．Whatdoes“sleepdeprived”meaninParagraph2?A．Havingagoodsleep. B．Excitedaboutsleep. C．Havinglesssleep.3．AccordingtoDr.JamesMass,whatissleeplike?A．Anhour. B．Areport. C．Acreditcard.4．WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagraph5?A．Sleepingduringthenightishelpful. B．Peoplehavenoimagination. C．Peoplealwaysdolesswork.5．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheValueofSleep B．TheValueofStudy C．TheWaysofEatingLess【答案】1．C2．C3．C4．A5．A【解析】文章大意：睡眠是最簡(jiǎn)單也是最便宜的改善健康的方法，同時(shí)還介紹了睡眠少的危害以及睡眠對(duì)工作的影響。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthourseverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.”可知改善健康最簡(jiǎn)單也是最便宜的方法就是每晚睡八個(gè)小時(shí)。故選C。2．詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和上下文“Theproblemwithsleepisthatmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.”以及“Havinglesssleep…”可知根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的數(shù)據(jù)，世界上有一半以上的人睡眠不足，所以這里“sleepdeprived”可理解為睡眠不足。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Sleepislikeacreditcard.”可知他認(rèn)為睡眠就像一張信用卡。故選C。4．判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”可知認(rèn)為晚上睡覺(jué)會(huì)使工作做得少的想法是荒謬的，其實(shí)反而能做得更多，由此推斷出夜間睡覺(jué)是有所助益的。故選A。5．最佳標(biāo)題題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中“Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthourseverynight.”和第四段第一句“Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?”可知睡眠是最簡(jiǎn)單也是最便宜的改善健康的方法，文章主要介紹了睡眠對(duì)健康和工作的重要性，也就是睡眠的價(jià)值。故選A。Passage2（2021·浙江·臺(tái)州市九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）“Allrightthen—justonemorepiece...”Wordseverygirlhassaidwhentheyarefacedwiththedeliciouscheesecake.Ofcourse,manyofusknowwemayeatthewholethingintheend.Itisn’tjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosay‘no’tosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpower(意志力)isveryimportantforsuccessandahappylife.Scientistsindifferentcountrieshavebeenstudyingtheinfluenceofwillpoweronpeople’slivesforalongtime.Inoneexperiment(實(shí)驗(yàn)),scientiststoldyoungchildrenthattheycouldeitherhavecandynow,ortwocandiesin15minutes.Waitingofcourseneededmorewillpower.Scientiststhencontinuedstudyingthechildrenastheygrewup.Theywantedtoseeifsomechildrenalwayshadstrongerwillpower.Theyalsowantedtoseehowhavingstrongerwillpowerinfluencedtheirlives.Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwocandieswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.Oppositely（可能）tobeinlowpaidjobs,tobeoverweight,tohavesocialproblems.Butthereishope,RoyFBaumeister,anAmericansocialpsychology(心理學(xué))experttoldusthatwecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles(肌肉).

Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthenouroverallselfcontrolifwedoitregularly.Youcouldstartbymakingyourselfstandupstraight,speakinginpletesentences,orusingaputermousewiththeotherhand.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewhomanagetochange

littlehabitsoftenperformmuchbetterinlaboratorywillpowertests.Likemuscles,willpowercan“gettired”.Don’ttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudon’thaveenoughenergy,forexample,whenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge(恢復(fù))yourwillpowerwithagoodnight’ssleepandbyeatingwell.6．Theexampleofagirleatingcheesecakeisusedto_________.A．provethatgirlsusuallyhaveweakwillpowerB．introducethetopicofwillpowertothereadersC．describegirls’specialloveforcheesecakeD．showtherelationshipsbetweenwillpowerandsuccess7．Whatdidthescientistsconclude（得出結(jié)論）fromtheexperiment?_________A．Willpowerhasnoinfluenceonpeople’slivesatall.B．Willpoweristhemostimportanttosuccessandahappylife.C．Thechildrenwhochoseonlyonecandywouldbepooralltheirlives.D．Thechildrenwhohavestrongerwillpoweraremoresuccessfulintheirlives.8．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthetrainingofwillpower?_________A．Setagoaleveryday.B．Haveagoodrestandeatwell.C．Practiceinaproperway.D．Avoidusingwillpowertoomuch.9．Thepassagemainlytellsus

_________.A．willpowerandmusclesaresimilarandtheycanbetrainedB．willpowerinfluencespeople’slivesanditissimilartomusclesC．willpowerisveryimportanttosuccessanditcanbedevelopedD．willpowerisconnectedwithsuccessandtheyinfluenceeachother【答案】6．B7．D8．A9．C【解析】本文主要介紹了意志力對(duì)我們生活的影響以及如何培養(yǎng)意志力。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpower(意志力)isveryimportantforsuccessandahappylife.”科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為，意志力對(duì)于成功和幸福的生活是非常重要的，據(jù)此推斷本文講了女孩的例子是為了引出本文的主題。故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwocandieswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.”多年后，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些等了兩顆糖的孩子都是更健康、更快樂(lè)、更富有的成年人?？芍瑢?shí)驗(yàn)表明意志力強(qiáng)的孩子在生活中更成功。故選D。8．細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge(恢復(fù))yourwillpowerwithagoodnight’ssleepandbyeatingwell.”可知，文中講到了好好休息，好好吃飯；根據(jù)“Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthenouroverallselfcontrolifwedoitregularly.”可知，意志力需要有規(guī)律地得到鍛煉，也就是用正確的方式鍛煉，C項(xiàng)在文中也提到了；根據(jù)“Likemuscles,willpowercan“gettired””可知，意志力也會(huì)疲勞，所以不能過(guò)度使用，D項(xiàng)在文中也提到了；綜合判斷，文中沒(méi)有提到“每天設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)”。故選A。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpower(意志力)isveryimportantforsuccessandahappylife.”和第四段“anAmericansocialpsychology（心理學(xué)）experttoldusthatwecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles(肌肉)”可知，本文主要告訴我們意志力對(duì)成功非常重要，它是可以培養(yǎng)的。選C。Passage3（2021·福建·三明一中九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Weusuallythinkthatplantsalwaysstayquietandneverspeak.Grassdoesn’tcrywhenyoucutit;flowersdon’tshoutwhenpeoplepickthem.Butinfactplantstalktoeachotherallthetime.Theirlanguageisoneofchemicals.Overtheyears,scientistshavefoundthatdifferenttypesofplants,fromtreestotomatoes（復(fù)合物）intotheairtohelpneighboringplants.ScientistsfromKyotoUniversityinJapanlookedattomatoplantsthatwasbitten（被咬）byinsects.Tostartout,theygrewplantsintwobagsandjoinedthebagswithatube（管子）.Oneplantwasbittenbyinsects.Theotherwasclean.Theyfoundthatwheninsectsbiteplantleaves,theplantsdon’tsitquietly.Theysendachemicalcalled“hexvic”intotheair.Humanscan’tnoticeit,butthesechemicalscarryasmellthatneighboringplantscannotice.Thiswaythesamescientistsputinsectsonthecleanplants.Theplantswereabletokillnearly50%oftheinsects,muchmorethantheirsickneighbors.Itwassurprisingthattheplantsthathadnotbeenbittendidn’tsendthechemicaluntiltheyreceivedthemessagefromtheirinfested（受侵的）neighbor,thescientistssaid.Thesefindingscouldbeusedtohelpfarmerswiththecontroloftheinsectswhichharmtheirplants.10．Whenbittenbyinsects,thetomatoplant________.A．stayedquietwithoutdoinganything B．diedrightawayafterthatC．sentoutachemicaltohelpothers D．wouldn’tbehurtagain11．Theunderlinedword“insects”means________inChinese.A．昆蟲 B．蜜蜂 C．農(nóng)藥 D．家禽12．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A．Tomatoplantsareeasilybittenbyinsects.B．The“hexvic”canprotectplantsthemselves.C．Hexviccanhelpplantskillalltheinsectsnearthem.D．Plantswon’tgiveoffchemicalsuntiltheyarehurt.13．Wecanpossiblyfindthepassageina________.A．moviemagazine B．musicnewspaper C．sciencebook D．travelad14．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．GrowingTomatoes. B．TalkingPlants. C．HarmfulChemicals. D．ScientificResearches.【答案】10．C11．A12．B13．C14．B【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，向我們介紹植物之間無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在進(jìn)行交流，它們的語(yǔ)言是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyfoundthatwheninsectsbiteplantleaves,theplantsdon’tsitquietly.Theysendachemicalcalled‘hexvic’intotheair.Humanscan’tnoticeit,butthesechemicalscarryasmellthatneighboringplantscannotice.”可知，當(dāng)昆蟲叮咬植物葉子時(shí)，植物不會(huì)安靜地坐著，它們將一種叫做“hexvic”的化學(xué)物質(zhì)釋放到空氣中，人類察覺(jué)不到，但這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)攜帶著一種鄰近的植物能察覺(jué)到的氣味。故選C。11．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“ScientistsfromKyotoUniversityinJapanlookedattomatoplantsthatwasbittenbyinsects.”可知，科學(xué)家們研究了被昆蟲咬傷的番茄植株，此處insects的意思是“昆蟲”，故選A。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“butthesechemicalscarryasmellthatneighboringplantscannotice.Thiswaythesamescientistsputinsectsonthecleanplants.Theplantswereabletokillnearly50%oftheinsects,muchmorethantheirsickneighbor.”可知，但是這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)攜帶著一種鄰近的植物能注意到的氣味，通過(guò)這種方法科學(xué)家們把昆蟲放在干凈的植物上，這些植物能夠殺死近50%的昆蟲，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)它們生病的鄰居。所以“hexvic”可以保護(hù)植物本身，故選B。13．推理判斷題。本文是一篇科普文，向我們介紹植物之間無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在進(jìn)行交流，它們的語(yǔ)言是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所以可能在科學(xué)書中看到，故選C。14．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文向我們介紹植物之間無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在進(jìn)行交流，它們的語(yǔ)言是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選B。Passage4（2020·浙江·瑞安市九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）December27,2019wasanexcitingdayforChinesepeople.China’sbiggestandmostpowerfulrocket,theLongMarch5,wassuccessfullylaunchedinHainanonthatday.The57metertallrocketisthetallestandstrongestrocketinChina.SincetheLongMarch5ismuchbiggerthanothersintheLongMarchrockets,ithasbeennicknamed“Chubby5”,accordingtoChinaDaily.Therocketisabletocarrythingsweighingupto25,000kilogramstheweightof16midsizecars,ChinaDailynoted.Thispayloadisabout2.5timesgreaterthananyotherChineserocket.TheLongMarch5isthethirdmostpowerfulrocketintheworld.OurChinesescientistsarereallyproudofit.DuringtheDecemberlaunch,theLongMarch5successfullysenttheShijian20thsatellite,China’slargestandheaviesthomemadesatellite,intospace.Inadditiontosendingthesatelliteintospace,thelaunchalsotestedseveralprojectsthatwereusedtoimprovetherocket’sbasicskills.ItalsotestedthekeyprojectthatwillbeusedtotaketheChange5probetothemoon,accordingtotheChinaNationalSpaceCenter.Inthefuture,theLongMarch5willbeusedforChina’sfifthlunarexpedition,aswellastoplacepartsofChina’sspacestationintospace.“In2021,wewillusetheLongMarch5tolaunchtheChange’s5probetothemoonandalsosendaspecialprobetoMars,”saidWangXiaojun,theprojectmanageroftheLongMarch5.15．WhatdoweknowabouttheLongMarch5?A．Itwaslaunchedatthestartof2019. B．ItwaslaunchedinXichang.C．Itisthetallestrocketintheworld. D．ItisthebiggestLongMarchrocket.16．WhatisthepayloadoftheLongMarch5?A．It’smorethan2,500kilograms. B．It’sthreetimesgreaterthanothers’.C．It’supto25,000kilograms. D．It’stheweightof16midsizebuses.17．ScientistsusedtheLongMarch5launchto________.A．improvethesatellite’sbasicskills B．haveChina’sfifthlunarexpeditionC．sendaspecialprobetothemoon D．sendChina’sheaviesthomemadesatelliteintospace18．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．HowChina’sspacestationwillbebuilt.B．WhentheLongMarch5willbesendtotheMars.C．WhattheLongMarch5willbeusedforinthefuture.D．WhythescientistswillsendtheLongMarch5tothemoon.【答案】15．D16．C17．D18．C【解析】這篇短文主要講述了中國(guó)最大，最強(qiáng)大的火箭——長(zhǎng)征五號(hào)。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“China’sbiggestandmostpowerfulrocket,theLongMarch5,wassuccessfullylaunchedinHainanonthatday.”可知，它是最大的長(zhǎng)征火箭。故選D。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Therocketisabletocarrythingsweighingupto25,000kilogramstheweightof16midsizecars,ChinaDailynoted.”可知，高達(dá)25000公斤。故選C。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“DuringtheDecemberlaunch,theLongMarch5successfullysenttheShijian20thsatellite,China’slargestandheaviesthomemadesatellite,intospace.”可知，科學(xué)家們利用長(zhǎng)征5號(hào)將中國(guó)最重的自制衛(wèi)星送入太空。故選D。18．段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inthefuture,theLongMarch5willbeusedforChina’sfifthlunarexpedition,aswellastoplacepartsofChina’sspacestationintospace…”可知，最后一段主要講述了長(zhǎng)征5號(hào)未來(lái)的用途。故選C。Passage5（2020·浙江·瑞安市九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）InEnglish,feeling“blue”makespeoplethinkoffeelingsad.Butin2021,theword“blue”couldbeconnectedtosomethingmorehopeful.ThePantoneColorResearchCenterintheUSleadscolortrendseveryyear.For2021,ithaschosen“classicblue”,acolorthatremindspeopleoftheskybeforenight.Thereasonisthatitbrings“calm,confidenceandconnection,”accordingtoPantone.In2020,peopleallovertheworldfacebigchallenges,weatherchange,COVID19,homelessness....alloftheseproblemsmakeusfeelnervousandworried.ButasPantonePresidentLauriePressmansaid,“Thecolorofclassicbluealwaysbringssomethingrelaxing.”Imaginethatyouarelyingdownonthegroundandlookingattheeveningsky.Lookingatthedarkblueskywillmakeyoufeelcalmandrelaxed,aswellasmakeyouthinkonadeeperlevel.Pantonesaidthatclassicblueconnectspeopleeverywhereaswealllookupatoursharedsky.Thisisacolorwecanbeconnectedtoaroundtheworld,nomatterwherewelive.Welookoutsidethedoorandweseethiscolor,Pressmansaid.Classicbluealsoplaysintothesustainabilitymovement,aspeoplethinkoftimeswhenthingsweresimplerandmorefortable.“Likebluejeans,it’salwaysthereandyou’refortablewithit,”saidPressman,whothinksclassicblueistimelessandneveroutofstyle.Ifthecolorisalwaysinstyle,peoplewon’tthrow“classicblue”thingsaway.Wecanbuyfewerproductsandsavemoreresources.Soifyouwanttoaddsomenewthings,choosesomethingbluetokeepupwiththelatesttrend.19．Pantonechose“classicblue”asthecolorof2021because________.A．itisthecoloroftheirwebsite B．itconnectswithproblemsinourlifeC．morepeoplearefeelingsadthesedays D．itmakespeoplefeelcalmandconfident20．Paragraph7trytoexplain________.A．whypeoplelovewearingbluejeans B．whenclassicbluewillbeoutofstyleC．whyclassicbluemakespeoplefortable D．howclassicbluecanprotecttheenvironment21．Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromthestory?A．Peoplewillfacemorechallengesin2021.B．Peoplewillfeelnervouswithbluethingsaround.C．Theremightbemanynewclassicblueproductsin2021.D．Classicbluemakesithardforpeopletofeelconnectedwithothers.22．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．BlueJeansin2021 B．Feel“Blue”in2020C．TryFeeling“Blue”in2021 D．theBlueSkybeforeNight【答案】19．D20．D21．C22．C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了2021年藍(lán)色所意味的新含義。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Thereasonisthatitbrings“calm,confidenceandconnection”可知，Pantone選“經(jīng)典藍(lán)”作為2021年的顏色因?yàn)檫@個(gè)顏色能讓人感到平靜和自信，故選D。20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第七段中的“Ifthecolorisalwaysinstyle,peoplewon’tthrow“classicblue”thingsaway.Wecanbuyfewerproductsandsavemoreresources”可知，第七段主要解釋了經(jīng)典藍(lán)怎么保護(hù)環(huán)境的，故選D。21．推理判斷題。通讀全文以及文章最后一段“Soifyouwanttoaddsomenewthings,choosesomethingbluetokeepupwiththelatesttrend”可知，2021年“經(jīng)典藍(lán)”會(huì)成為流行色，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多這種顏色的新產(chǎn)品，故選C。22．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了2021年藍(lán)色所意味的新含義，選項(xiàng)C“2021試著感受“藍(lán)色”最符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。Passage6（2021·山東·德州市陵城區(qū)第三中學(xué)九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）ManychildrenusetheInternettogetusefulknowledge(知識(shí))andinformation,andtorelaxintheirfreetime.Butsomeofthemarenotusingitinagoodway.HerearesomerulestomakesureyouaresafeandhavefunontheInternet.◆MakerulesforInternetusewithyourparents.Forexample,whenyoucangoonline,forhowlongandwhatactivitiesyoucandoonline.◆Don'tgiveyourpassword(密碼)toanyoneelse,andnevergiveoutthefollowinginformation:yourrealname,homeaddress,age,school,phonenumberorotherpersonalinformation.◆Checkwithyourparentsbeforegivingoutacredit(信用)cardnumber.◆Neversendaphotoofyourselftosomeoneinemailunless(除非)yourparentssayit'sOK.◆Checkwithyourparentsbeforegoingintoachat(聊天)room.Differentchatroomshavedifferentrulesandattractdifferentkindsofpeople.Youandyourparentswillwanttomakesureit'sarightplaceforyou.◆NeveragreetomeetsomeoneyoumetontheInternetwithoutyourparent'spermission(允許).Nevermeetanyoneyoumetonlinealone.◆Alwaysrememberthatpeopleonlinemaynotbewhotheysaytheyare.Treat(視為)everyoneonlineasiftheywerestrangers.◆Ifsomethingyouseeorreadonlinemakesyouunfortable(不舒服),leavethesite.Tellaparentorteacherrightaway.◆Treatotherpeopleasyou'dliketobetreated.Neverusebadlanguage.◆Remember—noteverythingyoureadontheInternetistrue.23．Thewritertellschildrento________.A．sendtheirownphotostohim B．makerulesforInternetusewithparentsC．believeeverythingtheyreadontheInternet D．giveouttheirpersonalinformation24．It'sgoodforchildrento________ontheInternet.A．givepasswordtoothers B．getusefulknowledgeandinformationC．giveoutacreditcardnumber D．gointoachatroomasthey'dliketo25．Whatshouldn'tbedonewhenyouareonline?________.A．Usingbadlanguage B．SendingmessagesandemailsC．Leavingthesiteifyoufeelunfortable D．Treatingeveryoneonlineasstrangers26．Ifyourparentsdon'tagree,never________.A．readanythingontheInternetB．relaxinyourfreetimeC．haveafacetofacemeetingwithanyoneyoumetonlineD．treatotherpeopleasyou'dliketobetreated27．Thebesttitleforthispassageis"________".A．Howtouseputers B．SurfingontheInternetC．InformationontheInternet D．Internetsafetyrules【答案】23．B24．B25．A26．C27．D【解析】文章主要針對(duì)青少年上網(wǎng)問(wèn)題，向他們提出了幾點(diǎn)需要注意的上網(wǎng)安全規(guī)則。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“MakerulesforInternetusewithyourparents.”可知，要和父母一起制定上網(wǎng)規(guī)則，故選B。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ManychildrenusetheInternettogetusefulknowledge(知識(shí))andinformation,andtorelaxintheirfreetime.”及下文描述可知，作者認(rèn)為孩子們上網(wǎng)獲取有益信息是有好處的，故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Treatotherpeopleasyou'dliketobetreated.Neverusebadlanguage.”可知，對(duì)待別人就像你希望別人對(duì)待你一樣。不要說(shuō)臟話。故選A。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“NeveragreetomeetsomeoneyoumetontheInternetwithoutyourparent'spermission(允許).Nevermeetanyoneyoumetonlinealone.”可知，未經(jīng)父母允許，千萬(wàn)不要單獨(dú)在網(wǎng)上認(rèn)識(shí)的人見(jiàn)面，故選C。27．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)文中“HerearesomerulestomakesureyouaresafeandhavefunontheInternet.”及整個(gè)文章的理解可知，這篇短文主要針對(duì)青少年上網(wǎng)問(wèn)題，向他們提出了幾點(diǎn)需要注意的上網(wǎng)安全規(guī)則，故選D。Passage7（2021·山東·德州市陵城區(qū)第三中學(xué)九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Howdoyoudealwithplasticbagsfromthesupermarket?Throwthemawayorreusethem?Howabouteatingthem?EnvigreeninIndiahasmadeabagwith12naturalingredients(食材),suchaspotatoes,vegetableoilsandbananas.Itlooksandfeelsjustliketheusualplasticbag,butcanbreakdown.Thebagsaren’tharmfultotheenvironment.Bothhumansandanimalscansafelyeatthem.ThefounderofEnvigreen,AshwathHedge,spentfouryearstryingthemout.AlthoughtheEnvigreenbagsaremuchmoreexpensivethanthoseusualplasticbags,theyaregoodforourenvironment.Usually,ittakesabout1000yearsforusualplasticbagstobreakdown.ButanEnvigreenbagcannaturallybreakdowninlessthan180days.Italsodissolves(溶解)inlessthanadayinwater,andinabout15secondsinboilingwater.MaybetheEnvigreenbagsareasolutiontotheworldproblemofplasticpollution.28．Wecaninfer(推斷)thatEnvigreenis________.A．a(chǎn)kindofIndianfood B．a(chǎn)nIndianpanyC．a(chǎn)norganizationinIndia D．a(chǎn)restaurantinIndia29．________arenottheingredientoftheEnvigreenbags.A．Potatoes B．Vegetableoils C．Bananas D．Plastics30．Ittakesabout________foranEnvigreenbagtobreakdownnaturally.A．15seconds B．10days C．180days D．1000years31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．HedgespentfouryearstryingouttheEnvigreenbags.B．TheEnvigreenbagsarewidelyusedintheworldnow.C．TheEnvigreenbagsarecheaperthanusualplasticones.D．TheEnvigreenbagsaremadeof12kindsofvegetables.32．WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenausualplasticbagandanEnvigreenone?A．Thefeelingoftouch. B．Theirshapes. C．Iftheyareeatable. D．Theprices.【答案】28．B29．D30．C31．A32．C【解析】短文講述為了應(yīng)對(duì)白色污染，印度的一家公司研制出一種含有天然成分的袋子。這種袋子雖然看起來(lái)就像普通的塑料袋，但是更易分解。28．推理判斷題，根據(jù)“EnvigreeninIndiahasmadeabagwith12naturalingredients(食材),suchaspotatoes,vegetableoilsandbananas.”可知印度的EnviGreen研制出一種含有天然食材的袋子。再結(jié)合“ThefounderofEnviGreen,AshwathHedge”可判斷，EnviGreen是一家印度公司，故選B。29．推理判斷題，根據(jù)“abagwith12naturalingredients(食材),suchaspotatoes,vegetableoilsandbananas.”一個(gè)袋子含有12種天然食材，其中有土豆、植物油和香蕉?？芍@種袋子含有12種天然食材，其中有土豆、植物油和香蕉。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有Plastics(塑料)不是天然食材，故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“ButanEnvigreenbagcannaturallybreakdowninlessthan180days.”可知這種袋子不到180天就能自然分解掉，C項(xiàng)與原文相符，故選C。31．推理判斷題，根據(jù)“ThefounderofEnvigreen,AshwathHedge,spentfouryearstryingthemout.”可知EnviGreen的創(chuàng)始人AshwathHedge花了四年的時(shí)間試制出這種袋子，故選A。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，綜合理解全文可知,本文介紹了EnviGreen研制出的特殊袋子。這種袋子雖然看起來(lái)和摸起來(lái)都與普通塑料袋無(wú)異，但是其含有天然食材，還可以食用，而普通塑料袋沒(méi)有可食用這一特性，故eatable是這兩種袋子的主要區(qū)別，故選C。Passage8（2021·江蘇·南通市九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Wearingamaskwhilesleepingathomesoundsalittlecrazy.ButWuKeyingdidsoduringthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.“IfearedthatIwouldbeinfected.NowIknowit’snotnecessarytodoso.ButIamstillworriedaboutwhentheepidemicwillend,”saidthe13yearoldfromChengdu,Sichuanprovince.Beingstuckinsidemakesherfeelanxious.Infact,manypeoplehaveexperiencedfeelingslikeWu.Nearly80percentofpeoplearedeeplyworriedabouttheoutbreak,while40percentstronglyfearit,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonJan27bytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences.Theseemotions（情緒）arenormalforpeoplewhoaregoingthroughstressfulevents,accordingtoWangWeihua,anexpertonpositivepsychology（積極心理學(xué)）.“Somestressfulreactions（反應(yīng)）canhelpusfightthevirus,”Wangsaid.“Wetakemoreprotectiveactions,suchaswearingmasksandwashinghandsoften,forexample.”“Butifthesefeelingslasttoolong,itwillbebadforourmental（心理的）health,”Wangadded.Sohowcanwestaypositive?First,weshouldlearntoacceptunexpectedchangesinlife,wroteXiongKewei,apsychologicalconsultant（咨詢師）atBeijingNormalUniversity.Wemightlearnnewlessonsfromthesechanges,likerespecting（尊重）natureandbeingmoreresponsible（有擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)模?Anotherusefulwaytostaypositiveistosticktoanormalroutine（正常作息）.“Thekeyistotakegoodcareofthebody,arrangeareasonableschedule,ensureadequatesleepanddiet,andgetthenecessaryrestandrelaxation,”ZhangHong,deputychiefphysicianofWuhanMentalHealthCenter,toldChinaDaily.33．WuKeyingworeamaskwhilesleepingbecause________.A．herparentstoldhertodoso B．it’sthebestwaytoavoidinfectionC．oneofherfamilymemberswasinfected D．shewasscaredofbeinginfected34．WhatdoweknowfromParagraph2?A．Manypeoplefeelworriedaboutthevirus.B．Weshouldn’tworrytoomuchaboutthevirus.C．Only40percentofpeopleworryabouttheoutbreak.D．Morethan80percentofpeoplewearmaskswhilesleeping.35．AccordingtoWangWeihua,________canhelpusfightthevirus.a.wearingmasksb.beingstressfreec.stayingpositived.washingourhandsA．a(chǎn)bc B．a(chǎn)cd C．a(chǎn)bd D．bcd36．Thelastthreeparagraphsaremainlyabout________.A．howtostayawayfromthecoronavirusB．howpsychologistshelpedpatientsC．suggestionsonhowtostaypositiveD．howtoreceivepsychologicalcounseling37．Thearticlemaybefrom________.A．a(chǎn)guide B．a(chǎn)nadvertisement C．a(chǎn)icbook D．thenewspaper【答案】33．D34．A35．B36．C37．D【解析】本文講述了在新型冠狀病毒爆發(fā)期間，近80%的人對(duì)此次疫情深感擔(dān)憂，而40%的人非常害怕。心理學(xué)專家表示，對(duì)于正在經(jīng)歷壓力事件的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這些感覺(jué)很正常。一些壓力反應(yīng)可以幫助我們對(duì)抗病毒，人們還可以采取更多的保護(hù)措施來(lái)對(duì)抗病毒。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wearingamaskwhilesleepingathomesoundsalittlecrazy.ButWuKeyingdidsoduringthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.”以及“IfearedthatIwouldbeinfected.”可知，睡覺(jué)戴口罩是害怕被感染。故選D。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nearly80percentofpeoplearedeeplyworriedabouttheoutbreak,while40percentstronglyfearit”可知，很多人都擔(dān)憂這個(gè)病毒。故選A。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Somestressfulreactionscanhelpusfightthevirus”可知，一些適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫梢詭椭箵舨《?；根?jù)“Wetakemoreprotectiveactions,suchaswearingmasksandwashinghandsoften,forexample.”可知，戴口罩、勤洗手可以幫助抗擊病毒；“‘Butifthesefeelingslasttoolong,itwillbebadforourmentalhealth,’Wangadded.Sohowcanwestaypositive?”可知，保持積極的態(tài)度也可以幫助抗擊病毒。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知acd是正確的。故選B。36．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“‘Butifthesefeelingslasttoolong,itwillbebadforourmentalhealth,’Wangadded.Sohowcanwestaypositive?”可知，說(shuō)的是如何保持樂(lè)觀的建議。故選C。37．推理判斷題。本文講述了在新型冠狀病毒爆發(fā)期間，近80%的人對(duì)此次疫情深感擔(dān)憂，而40%的人非常害怕。心理學(xué)專家表示，對(duì)于正在經(jīng)歷壓力事件的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這些感覺(jué)很正常。一些壓力反應(yīng)可以幫助我們對(duì)抗病毒，人們還可以采取更多的保護(hù)措施來(lái)對(duì)抗病毒，所以這可能會(huì)在報(bào)紙中出現(xiàn)。故選D。Passage9（2021·北京·人大附中九年級(jí)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Storiesaresharedinmanyways.Theyaredescribedinbooksandmagazines.Theyarereadaroundthecampfireatnight.Theyarerandomlydistributed（隨機(jī)分發(fā)）fromstandalonebooths.Butwhatelse?Torevive（復(fù)興）literatureintheendoffastnewsandsmartphoneaddiction,ShortEdition,aFrenchpublisherofshortformliterature,hassetupmorethan30storydispensersintheUSAinthepastyearstodeliverfictionatthepushofabuttonatrestaurants,universitiesandgovernmentoffices.FrancisFordCoppola,thefilmdirectorandwinemaker,likedtheideasomuchthatheinvestedinhispanyandplacedadispenserathisCafeZoetropeinSanFrancisco.Lastmonthpubliclibrariesinsomeothercitiesann