2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3FoodandCulturePeriod2課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGEUnit3FoodandCulture課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)十Unit3Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAhealthywayofleadingalifeisthroughkeepingyourheartclean.Thefoodintakeandexercisesyouperformtokeepyourhearthealthyandcleanareveryimportant.Itisafactthatmanystrive(努力)toleadahealthylifestylebystickingtostrictdiets.But,somehowwefailtorefuseourfavorite“packagedfoods”.Thesefoodsarenotjustharmfulbutcanhaveasevereeffectonhealthinthelongrun.Heartisoneofthemostimportantandsensitivepartsofahumanbody.Itplaysamajorroleinsupplyingfreshbloodtotheentirebodythatkeepsushealthyandnormal.Therefore,itisveryimportantforustofollowcertainhealthyroutinestokeepourhearthale(健壯的)andhealthy.Hereareafewsimpletipsthatwillhelpyoukeepahealthyheart:Physicalhealth:ExerciseregularlyOneofthemostbasictipsistoexerciseregularly.Obesepeopleareeasiertohaveheart-relateddiseasesthanapersonofnormalweight.Dailyexercisecutsextrafatstoredinthebody,especiallyaroundyourwaistline.Thishelpspreventheart-relateddiseases.MaintaincorrectweightManyofustrytoreducelotsofweightwithawrongassumptionthatbeingoverweightleadstoheartdiseases.Butthefactisthat,eventhinpeoplearelikelytosufferfromheart-relateddiseases.Oneshouldmaintainasteadyweightandavoidtryingtoreduceweightunnecessarily.Dietfactors:AvoidpackagedfoodsInordertopreventheartdiseases,oneshouldavoid“packagedfoods”.Anythingthatcomesinapackagedorprocessedformshouldbecompletelyavoided.These“packagedfoods”notonlycontainstoredfatbutalsoarehighinoxidants(氧化劑)becauseoftheprocessingcycle.CutdownonsugarThiscouldbeverydifficulttobeacceptedbypeoplewithasweettooth.Consumingahighlevelofsugaroneverydaybasisrisksnotonlythechancesofgettingaffectedbydiabetes,butalsoheartdiseases.Itisbettertoreplacesugarwitheithercrystalsugarorbrownsugar.【語(yǔ)篇概述】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。心臟是人體最重要和最敏感的器官之一,愛(ài)護(hù)好心臟對(duì)于人們防病治病、健康長(zhǎng)壽有著重要的意義。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheheart?A.Itiseasytobeinfectedwithvirus.B.Itprovidesfreshbloodforyourbody.C.It’soneofthemostsensitiveorgans.D.Ithasanimportanteffectonyourhealth.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Heartisoneofthemostimportantandsensitive...thatkeepsushealthyandnormal”可知,心臟是人體最重要和最敏感的部分之一,它為全身供應(yīng)使我們保持健康和正常的簇新血液。A項(xiàng)在文中找不到依據(jù)。2.Ifthefoodishighinoxidants,________.

A.itmaymakeyougetaffectedbydiabetesB.itwillraiseyourbloodpressuregraduallyC.itmaymakeyouputonweightsuddenlyD.itwillprobablydoharmtoyourhealth【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文中內(nèi)容可知,包裝食品含有高脂肪和大量氧化劑,因此作者建議不食用包裝食品。由此可知氧化劑可能對(duì)身體有害。3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Harmfuleffectsofheartdiseases.B.Healthywaystopreventheartdiseases.C.Greatbenefitsofpossessingahealthyheart.D.Importantrelationshipsbetweenheartsandroutines.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。這是一篇應(yīng)用文,文章主要講的是擁有健康心臟的方法。第一段最終一句“Hereareafew...heart”亦是提示。BChildrenwhodrinkmoremilkdonotnecessarilydevelophealthierbones,researcherssaidonMondayinareportthatstressesexerciseandmodestconsumptionofcalcium-rich(含鈣豐富的)foodssuchastofuandbroccoli(花椰菜).ThereportdrewitsconclusionsfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesandwaswrittenbyresearchersfromthePhysiciansCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine,whichadvocatesastrictvegetariandiet.“Underscientificstudy,thesupportforthemilkmythisdefeated.Thisanalysisof58publishedstudiesshowsthattheevidenceonwhichU.S.milkintakerecommendationsarebasedisscant,”saidstudyauthorDr.AmyLanouinastatement.TheU.S.governmenthasgraduallyincreasedrecommendationsfordailycalciumintake,largelyfrommilkproducts.ButthePhysiciansCommittee’sreportsaidincreasingconsumptionofmilkproductswasnotnecessarilythebestwaytoprovidethenecessarycalciumintakeofatleast400milligramsperday.Otherwaystogettheabsorbablecalciumfoundinonecupofcow’smilkincludeacupoforangejuice,twopackagesofinstantoats(燕麥),twothirdscupoftofu,or1-2/3cupsofbroccoli,thereportsaid.Anditalsopointedoutthatmilkproductsprovide18percentofthetotalenergyand25percentofthetotalfatintakeinthedietsofAmericanchildrenwhoaredevelopingincreasingratesofobesity.FrankGreer,whospecializesinchildren’sillnessesattheUniversityofWisconsininMadison,saidtheidealwaytoachievethegoalofhealthybonesistomakesurechildrenexerciseandconsumeupto1,300milligramsadayofcalcium.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文主要講解并描述了僅喝牛奶不能讓孩子骨骼強(qiáng)健,志向的方式是進(jìn)行適當(dāng)熬煉并且補(bǔ)足夠夠的鈣。4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.CalciumIsMoreImportantthanMilkB.VegetarianDietBecomesPopularC.HowtoGetRidofObesityD.DoesMoreMilkReallyBenefitUs?【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文通過(guò)一個(gè)探討結(jié)論顛覆了傳統(tǒng)的思想:喝牛奶可滿足孩子對(duì)鈣的需求。由此可推知,作者想要表達(dá)的是“更多的牛奶對(duì)我們真的有益嗎?”故答案為D項(xiàng)。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymean?A.Accurate. B.Enough.C.Notenough. D.Inaccurate.【解析】選C。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段前三句可推知美國(guó)對(duì)牛奶攝入量的建議所依據(jù)的證據(jù)不足,故選C項(xiàng)。6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedasawaytogetabsorbablecalcium?A.Drinkingcow’smilk.B.Drinkingorangejuice.C.Takingmoreexercise.D.Eatingsometofu.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Otherwaystogettheabsorbablecalciumfound...broccoli”可知A、B、D三項(xiàng)均有提到,C項(xiàng)未提及。7.Wecanseefromthepassagethat________.

A.Americanchildren’sobesityhassomethingtodowithmilkintakeB.theU.S.governmenthasrealizedexerciseisimportantforhealthierbonesC.researchersareallagainstchildren’scalciumintakefrommilkproductsD.childrencandevelophealthierbonesonlybyconsumingmilkproducts【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句可知牛奶產(chǎn)品占那些變得肥胖的兒童的脂肪攝入量的25%,由此可推斷牛奶的攝入和兒童的肥胖有關(guān)。Ⅱ.完形填空HereImustputinafewwordsaboutmyexperiencehereinChina.IfIhave1withaChinesehost,healwayspressesmorefoodontomyplateassoonasIhaveemptiedtheprevioushelping(份額).Thatoftenmakesme2veryawkward(尷尬的).IhavetoeatthefoodevenifIdon’t3it,becauseitisconsidered4mannersintheWesttoleaveone’sfoodontheplate.Ihavealso5thatwhenaChinesesitsatanAmerican’sdinnerparty,heveryoften6theofferoffoodordrinkthoughheisinfactstillhungryor7.ThismightbegoodmannersinChina,butitiscertainlynotintheWest.IntheUnitedStates,itis8tokeepaskingsomeoneagainandagainorpresssomethingonhim.Americansarevery9.Iftheywantsomething,theywillaskforit.Ifnot,theywillsay,“no,thanks.”Here’sanexample:WhenanAmericanisoffered10bythehost,andhedoesn’tfeellikebeer,hewillprobablysay,“No,thanks.Ijustdon’tfeellikeit.I’ll11somePepsi-Colaifyouhaveit.”Thatis12anAmericanwilldo.13aretaughtthat“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”Butinsomecountries,courtesy(虛心)mightbemoreimportantthan14.SowhenIamhereinChina,Ihavetoobservethe15here.ButwhenyougototheUnitedStates,youhadbetter“DoastheRomansdo.”

【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文主要講解并描述了中西方國(guó)家不同的餐桌禮儀。作者建議大家要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。1.A.trouble B.dinner C.words D.difficulty【解析】選B。從后面的“healwayspressesmorefoodontomyplate...”可知,此處說(shuō)的是吃飯時(shí)的禮節(jié)問(wèn)題,故用dinner。2.A.think B.taste C.feel D.smell【解析】選C。主子的這種做法讓作者覺(jué)得很尷尬。在這里應(yīng)用系動(dòng)詞feel。taste(品嘗)雖可作系動(dòng)詞,但不符合語(yǔ)境。3.A.eat B.like C.drink D.help【解析】選B。依據(jù)西方人的觀點(diǎn),吃飯時(shí)應(yīng)把盤子里的飯都吃完,否則就是不禮貌。因此,當(dāng)在中國(guó)吃飯時(shí),盡管不喜愛(ài)主子硬給盛飯的這種做法,但只好把主子硬給盛的這些飯都吃了。4.A.important B.bad C.polite D.rude【解析】選B。從語(yǔ)境來(lái)看,此處指“在西方把飯剩留在盤子里被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的”。badmanners意為“沒(méi)有禮貌的”。5.A.noticed B.mindedC.heard D.informed【解析】選A。notice留意到,留意到。作者留意到當(dāng)一個(gè)中國(guó)人參與一個(gè)美國(guó)人的派對(duì)時(shí),他會(huì)常常拒絕供應(yīng)應(yīng)他的食物和飲料。6.A.accepts B.refuses C.nods D.gives【解析】選B。從上下文可知,此處說(shuō)的是“我”在一個(gè)美國(guó)人實(shí)行的宴會(huì)上所看到的一個(gè)中國(guó)人的做法,即他常常拒絕別人讓他吃的食物或飲料,盡管他很餓或很渴。7.A.thirsty B.angry C.happy D.full【解析】選A。前面說(shuō)的是foodordrink,這里的hungry應(yīng)與thirsty相對(duì)。8.A.impolite B.good C.kind D.sad【解析】選A。由上下文可知,在美國(guó)不停地問(wèn)人家或把東西強(qiáng)加給他人是不禮貌的。9.A.honest B.direct C.short D.kind【解析】選B。從下文的“假如他們想要東西,他們就要;假如不想要,就說(shuō)’不,感謝’”等可知,這里說(shuō)的是美國(guó)人很“干脆”。direct意為“干脆的”。10.A.food B.beer C.coffee D.tea【解析】選B。從下半句“andhedoesn’tfeellikebeer,hewillprobablysay...”來(lái)看,這里說(shuō)的是“主子給美國(guó)人啤酒喝時(shí)……”。11.A.bring B.offer C.like D.take【解析】選D。此處句意:不,感謝。我不喜愛(ài)它。假如有百事可樂(lè)的話,就給我來(lái)點(diǎn)它吧。take在這里是“喝”的意思。12.A.that B.what C.whether D.how【解析】選B。前面舉例說(shuō)明美國(guó)人的一些做法,即“這就是美國(guó)人的做法”。what在此引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。13.A.Englishmen B.FrenchmenC.Americans D.Australians【解析】選C。本文談?wù)摰木褪侵袊?guó)人與美國(guó)人在餐桌上的禮儀問(wèn)題,故此處應(yīng)選Americans。14.A.manners B.honesty C.request D.order【解析】選B。依據(jù)上面的“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”可知,此處說(shuō)的是“但是在一些國(guó)家虛心或許比誠(chéng)懇更重要”。 15.A.customs B.habits C.action D.ways【解析】選A。本文談?wù)摰氖秋L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣問(wèn)題,故用customs。habits說(shuō)的是個(gè)人習(xí)慣,不符合語(yǔ)境?！炯挤▽?dǎo)練】方法指導(dǎo)

細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解——事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題

一、概述:事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題常以應(yīng)用文的形式出現(xiàn)在考題中,涉及的話題有:廣告類、活動(dòng)支配類、書(shū)籍電影介紹類、演出信息類等。設(shè)問(wèn)方式是以5W1H(what,who,when,where,why和how)等開(kāi)頭的特別疑問(wèn)句。

二、解題技巧——題干定位,找尋信息

題干定位法是做事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題最基本的也是最常用的方法。事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題主要考查對(duì)某句話或某幾句話的理解,可依據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,然后進(jìn)行比較和分析,便可以確定最佳答案?！邦}干定位法”分為三步:

第一步:先通過(guò)題干信息來(lái)選擇定位詞。定位詞主要是題干中的名詞、動(dòng)詞和數(shù)詞等,即問(wèn)題的核心信息。

其次步:在原文中查找定位詞或定位詞的近義詞,找出相關(guān)的句子。

第三步:分析這些句子和選項(xiàng),得出正確答案。語(yǔ)法填空Eatingatrestaurantshasn’talwaysbeenknownasthebestchoiceforpeople1._____________aretryingtokeepahealthydiet.Itis2._____________(extreme)hardforpeopletoavoidfoodthatisn’tsogoodforthemwhendiningout.However,youdon’thavetogiveupyourloveof3._____________(restaurant).Therearewaysthatyoucaneathealthierfoodwhendiningoutwhileyoucanstillenjoytheexperience.

Onemethodistotaketime4._____________(read)thenutritioninformation.Somerestaurantspostitontheirmenusortheirwebsites.Ifyouknowyou’regoingtovisit5._____________certainrestaurant,youshouldcheckthewebsitefirst.Ifnonutritioninformation6._____________(list),youshouldcheckthemenuattherestaurantbeforeyouorder.

Anotherwayistothinkaboutnoteatin