2023-2024學(xué)年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)巴彥淖爾市高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)巴彥淖爾市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.HowmuchwillJennypay?A.￡30.B.￡60.C.￡90.2.Whattimeisthetrainleaving?A.At10:25.B.At10:35.C.At10:55.3.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Ataxidriver.B.Arestaurantwaiter.C.Atrafficpoliceman.4.Howlongcanthemankeepthebooks?A.Foroneweek.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Forthreeweeks.5.Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A.InFrance.B.InMexico.C.InSpain.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthewomanfindherlasthaircut?A.Fashionable.B.Scary.C.Unsatisfactory.7.WhatdoesthemansayaboutDon?A.Hewasagreenhand.B.Hewasrathercareful.C.Hehadnosenseoftime.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hesawaplay.B.Hewentcamping.C.Hestudiedalot.9.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toexperiencelivingalone.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shecaughtaflu.B.Shehurtherhead.C.Shegotastomachache.11.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tomakeanappointment.B.Tocancelanappointment.C.Toputoffanappointment.12.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetothecharge?A.Uncaring.B.Acceptable.C.Intolerant.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whichlanguageisthemangoingtolearn?A.Chinese.B.Japanese.C.French.14.Howoftenwillthemanattendthecourse?A.Onenightaweek.B.Twonightsaweek.C.Threenightsaweek.15.Whatlevelwouldthemanliketotake?A.Theupperlevel.B.Thelowerlevel.C.Thebeginners’level.16.Whenwillthemanbegintotakethecourse?A.InJanuary.B.InMarch.C.InSeptember.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredojawfishesgettheirname?A.Fromtheirhead.B.Fromtheircolor.C.Fromtheirsize.18.Whatdoweknowaboutjawfishes?A.Theylikeplayingatrick.B.They’refriendlytovisitors.C.They’repopularwithvisitors.19.Whydoesthespeakerfindmudskippersamazing?A.Theycanlivebothonlandandinwater.B.Theyfeedonplantsandanimalsinwater.C.Theyareabletosurvivehightemperature.20.Whatarethelistenersgoingtodonext?A.Watchanothercreature.B.Asksomequestions.C.Drawthecreatures.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAreyouinneedofaculturefix?Herearethreemust-seeartexhibitionsinLondon,fromexplorationsofarchitectureandfreedomtonewperspectivesofMichelangelo.ADifferentGreenEmergingsoloartistBellaHoare’sfirstsoloexhibitionatSouthBank,London,ADifferentGreenfocusesonover20worksthatconnectthebeautyofthefemaleformwithreferencestonature.Hoareisdeeplyburiedinthenaturalworld,livingandworkingamongforestedlandscapes.Herdistinctivestyleofpaintingcreatescomplexmultilayeredworks.Themesofrenewalandhopeareoutstandingintheexhibition,exploringthehumanpotentialforclosenesswiththenaturalworld.CarvalhoParkExhibitionThisyear,theNewYork-basedartgallery,CarvalhoPark,willholditsfirstexhibitionintheUK,takingplaceinparticipationwithFriezeNo9CorkStreetinLondon.ThisgroupexhibitiondisplaysworksfromsomeDanishartists.CarvalhoParkgrewoutofitsdirectors’backgroundsinperformingartsandarchitecture,resultinginagallerythatfocusesonsculpture,installationandperformance.Likewise,theexhibitionatFriezeNo9CorkStreetcombinessculpture,painting,assemblageandcollage(組合和拼貼畫)toexplorethenaturalworld.Michelangelo:theLastDecadesAnewexhibitionattheBritishMuseumwillexploreMichelangelobeyondthemostfamousworksofhisyouth.TheexhibitionfocusesonhowMichelangelo’sartandfaithevolved.WorksfromtheBritishMuseum’scollectionofMichelangelo’sdrawingswillbeshownforthefirsttimeinnearlytwodecades.Alongsidehisart,aselectionofhispoems,lettersanddesignswillalsobeexhibited,revealinganinsightintothemanbehindthemasterpieces.1.WhatdoesBellaHoare’sexhibitionhighlight?A.Theevolutionofhumans.B.Thedevelopmentofcomplexarchitecture.C.Thedifferencebetweenfemalesandmales.D.Theconnectionbetweenhumansandnature.2.WhatdoweknowaboutCarvalhoParkExhibition?A.ItfeaturesDanishworks. B.ItincludesBritishsculptures.C.ItisthefirstoneinNewYork. D.ItisbasedontheUK-basedartgallery.3.WhichofthefollowingdoestheexhibitionattheBritishMuseumexplore?A.BellaHoare’spoems. B.CarvalhoPark’sdesigns.C.Michelangelo’sartevolution. D.FriezeNo9CorkStreet’sarchitecture.〖答案〗1.D2.A3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了倫敦三個必看的藝術(shù)展覽，包括貝拉·霍爾的個展DifferentGreen，卡瓦略公園畫廊的展覽，以及大英博物館的米開朗基羅展覽?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ADifferentGreenfocusesonover20worksthatconnectthebeautyofthefemaleformwithreferencestonature.”（ADifferentGreen主要展示了20多件將女性之美與自然相聯(lián)系的作品。）以及第三段“Themesofrenewalandhopeareoutstandingintheexhibition,exploringthehumanpotentialforclosenesswiththenaturalworld.”（此次展覽突出了更新和希望的主題，探索人類與自然世界親近的潛力。）可知，貝拉·霍爾的展覽強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人與自然的聯(lián)系，故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThisgroupexhibitiondisplaysworksfromsomeDanishartists.”（這個群展展示了一些丹麥藝術(shù)家的作品。）可知，卡瓦略公園畫廊的展覽特色是展示丹麥的作品，故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheexhibitionfocusesonhowMichelangelo’sartandfaithevolved.”（展覽主要關(guān)注米開朗基羅的藝術(shù)和信仰是如何發(fā)展的。）可知，大英博物館的展覽探索的是米開朗基羅的藝術(shù)演變，故選C。BAcharityclub,fundedentirelybyaman,wasestablishedinChengduintheearly2000s.Itfirstservedasa“homeawayfromhome”forruralstudentsattendingasportsschoolinneighboringAbaTibetan-QiangAutonomousPrefecture.Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.Somechildrenhadalreadydroppedoutofschoolbeforejoiningtheclub,thefunderrevealedtomediain2017.AsthesestudentscouldnotbeofficiallyregisteredasresidentsofChengdu,theywerenotqualifiedtoattendpublicschoolsthere.Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.Aboy,borninAbain1999,joinedtheclubin2009.Beforethat,hewasinthirdgradeatalocalelementaryschool.Hisfatherpassedawaybeforehewasborn,andthefamilyhadbeenstrugglingeconomicallyeversince.Heheardabouttheclubfromhisheadmasteranddecidedtogothere.Startingfromscratch,theboyspenttwoyearsgettingreadytorepresenttheclubinSandacompetitions.In2015,theclubintroducedMMA(綜合格斗)andheswitchedfromWushuSandatoMMAin2015andwonhisfirstmatchatacompetitionrunbyHenanTV.“IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,”hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.“ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.”4.Whichstatementfitstheclub?A.Itchargesforservices. B.Ittargetsurbanstudents.C.Ithasbeenanentertainmentcenter. D.IthasevolvedintoaWushuschool.5.Howdidthefunderoftheclubhelpstudentswiththeirstudies?A.Byturningtomediaforacademichelp.B.Byqualifyingthemtoattendpublicschools.C.Byfindingteacherstoinstructthempart-time.D.Byprovidingmaterialsforthemtostudyindependently.6.Whatdidtheboymentionedinthetextwanttoconveytonewsmedia?A.Hewasbornwithhardship.B.HisinitialpassionwasMMA.C.Hisfirstwinwasofdecisivesignificance.D.HewasconstantlyconfidentaboutWushu.7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheclub?A.Officialandselective. B.Supportiveandinfluential.C.Exclusiveandconventional. D.Temporaryandunstructured.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一家面向農(nóng)村學(xué)生的提供免費的食宿和訓(xùn)練設(shè)施的慈善俱樂部，逐漸發(fā)展成為一所武術(shù)學(xué)校，并在學(xué)生業(yè)余時間教授學(xué)術(shù)科目?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(漸漸地，它成為了一所面向農(nóng)村兒童的武術(shù)學(xué)校，并開始吸引源源不斷的學(xué)生，尤其是來自四川欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的學(xué)生。)”可知，俱樂部已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一所武術(shù)學(xué)校。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘請了四名教師，在學(xué)生的業(yè)余時間(如晚上和周末)教授學(xué)術(shù)科目。)”可知，俱樂部的資助者通過找老師部分時間教授學(xué)生，來幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新聞媒體采訪時說：‘剛加入這個俱樂部時，我不確定自己是否適合武術(shù)?！?dāng)我在贏得比賽后舉起雙臂，高興地大喊大叫時，我立刻意識到，綜合格斗是我一生都想做的事情?！?”可知，文中提到的男孩想向新聞媒體傳達(dá)，他的第一次勝利具有決定性意義。故選C項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(俱樂部提供免費的食宿和訓(xùn)練設(shè)施。漸漸地，它成為了一所面向農(nóng)村兒童的武術(shù)學(xué)校，并開始吸引源源不斷的學(xué)生，尤其是來自四川欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的學(xué)生。)”和第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘請了四名教師，在學(xué)生的業(yè)余時間(如晚上和周末)教授學(xué)術(shù)科目。)”可知，這個俱樂部是給予幫助和支持的。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新聞媒體采訪時說：‘剛加入這個俱樂部時，我不確定自己是否適合武術(shù)?！?dāng)我在贏得比賽后舉起雙臂，高興地大喊大叫時，我立刻意識到，綜合格斗是我一生都想做的事情?！?”可知，這個俱樂部是有影響力的，因此這個俱樂部是給予幫助和支持的，并且有影響力的。故選B項。CThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.Withoutgovernmentsupportfornaturalfarming,mostIndianfarmersstillusefarmchemicalsandfertilizers.Thatputsthematriskwhenextremeweatherhits.Manyfarmersarecallingforgreaterstateinvestmenttohelpthemdealwithclimatechange.LastDecember,astormbroughtheavyrainfallacrossIndia’ssoutheasterncoast.Itfloodedtownsandfields.Earlystudiesshowedmorethan240,000hectaresofcropsweredestroyedinAndhraPradeshstate.Rajusaidtherainwaterontheirfarmsflowedintothegroundinoneday.Thesoilcantakeinmorewaterbecauseitislesssolidthansoilwithfarmchemicals.Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.AndhesaidseeingRaju’scropsheldstrongwhilehiscropsfailedmadehimwanttolearnaboutotherfarmingmethods.Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm,asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia.“Forthenextplantingseason,Iplantolearnfromotherfarmerstogiveupfarmchemicals,”hesaid.8.WhatdrivestheexpansionofnaturalfarminginIndia?A.Thelimitedfarms. B.Theclimateimpactoncrops.C.Theincreaseduseofchemicals. D.Thereductionoffertilizers.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfarmchemicalsfromparagraph4?A.Theyhelpcropsgrowstrongroots.B.Theyenhancesoil’swaterabsorption.C.Theyensuresoilremainsconsistentlywet.D.Theymakecropslessresistanttothestorm.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hemorrhage”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Loss. B.Increase. C.Benefit. D.Aid.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Chemicals:HarmingIndianFarms.B.Storms:aThreattoIndianFarmers.C.NaturalFarming:anAnswertoExtremeWeather.D.IndianAgriculture:FacingtheEffectofClimateChange.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護(hù)農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.(像拉朱這樣的農(nóng)民說，天然材料可以保護(hù)他們的作物免受氣候變化的影響，因為土壤可以容納更多的水。他們還強(qiáng)調(diào)，作物結(jié)實的根系有助于植物應(yīng)對強(qiáng)風(fēng)。支持者表示，由于政府的支持，自然農(nóng)業(yè)在該州取得了成功。)”可知，氣候?qū)r(nóng)作物的影響推動了印度自然農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.(施用農(nóng)藥的土壤是干燥的。他補(bǔ)充說，全年種植不同的作物有助于保持土壤健康。然而，Raju的鄰居SrikanthKanapala說，風(fēng)暴過后，他的農(nóng)場被洪水淹沒了四天。Kanapala經(jīng)常在他的農(nóng)場使用農(nóng)藥和化肥。)”可知，農(nóng)藥會使作物對暴風(fēng)雨的抵抗力降低。故選D項。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句后文“asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia(對印度的一個農(nóng)民來說，這是一筆巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。)”說明農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失巨大，從而推知劃線詞句“Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm(Kanapala預(yù)計，這場風(fēng)暴可能造成高達(dá)600美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)hemorrhage)”其中劃線詞應(yīng)為“損失”的意思，與A項同義。故選A項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.(在印度東南部安得拉邦，RatnaRaju的農(nóng)場散發(fā)出一股強(qiáng)烈的氣味。這種氣味來自天然物質(zhì)的混合物，比如牛糞和未經(jīng)處理的糖。這種天然材料有助于在一個經(jīng)常遭受極端天氣和高溫襲擊的地區(qū)種植和保護(hù)作物。)”可知，本文主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護(hù)農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響。C項“自然農(nóng)業(yè)：應(yīng)對極端天氣”能概括文章主旨，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。DResearchershavemadeadigitalmapshowingatinypieceofahumanbraininunknowndetail.Themaprepresentsacubicmillimeterofbrain—anareaabouthalfthesizeofagrainofrice.Buteventhattinypartisoverflowingwithalargeamountofinformation—containingabout57,000cells,230millimetersofbloodvesselsand150millionsynapses(突觸),theconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元).Theresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsinajournal.Theyhavemadethedatasetfreelyavailableonlineandprovidedtoolsforanalyzingit.“Inonerespect,ourdatasetistiny,”JeffLichtman,aco-authorofthestudysays.“Butitdoesn’tfeelsmall,becausewhenyougetinit,youseeit’slikeahugeforest.”Forthenewpaper,theresearchersturnedtoapieceofbraintissuefromapersonwithepilepsy(癲癇).Thedatahasalreadybroughtsomeunexpectedfindingsfortheresearchers.Forinstance,theyfoundsomeraresiteswhereneuronswereconnectedbymorethan50synapses.Thisisincrediblyuncommon—morethan96percentofconnectionsbetweenneuronshavejustonesynapse,andmorethan99percenthavethreeorfewersynapses.“Thesestrongconnectionsmightshowwhatlearninglookslikeinthebrain,”Lichtmanassumes.Theyrepresentbehaviorssowell-practicedthattheyrequirealmostnothoughtatall,suchasmovingyourfootfromtheacceleratortothebrakewhenstoppingacar.However,hethinkswhilethetissuesampledidn’thaveanyevidenceofdisease,theycan’tbecertainwhetherthesesurprisesareinsomewayrelatedtotheperson’sepilepsyortreatments.Studyingothertissuesamplescouldgivethemacleareridea.Next,theresearcherswouldliketomapamouse’sbrain.Butinthemeantime,thehumanstatisticstheycurrentlyhavewillpushotherresearcherstolearnmoreaboutthehumanbrain,especiallyitsunknownareas.12.Whatdoesthedigitalmapcreatedbytheresearchersshow?A.Mainlythehugesynapses.B.Theentirenetworkofneurons.C.Variousaspectofthehumanbrain.D.Detailedinformationaboutasmallbrainarea.13.Howdoesparagraph3illustratetherarityofthefindings?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bycitingpapers.C.Bymakinganassumption. D.Bydescribingaphenomenon.14.WhatisLichtman’sattitudetothefindings?A.Grateful. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Indifferent.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectoftheresearchfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisexpected. B.Itisinspiring. C.Itisunknown. D.Itisconfusing.〖答案〗12.D13.A14.B15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了研究人員制作了一張顯示人腦一小部分的詳細(xì)數(shù)字地圖，這個地圖已經(jīng)為研究人員帶來了一些意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Themaprepresentsacubicmillimeterofbrain—anareaabouthalfthesizeofagrainofrice.Buteventhattinypartisoverflowingwithalargeamountofinformation—containingabout57,000cells,230millimetersofbloodvesselsand150millionsynapses(突觸),theconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元).”（這張地圖代表了一個立方毫米的大腦——一個大約半粒米大小的區(qū)域。但即使這個微小的部分也充滿了大量的信息——包含約57,000個細(xì)胞，230毫米的血管和1.5億個突觸，神經(jīng)元之間的連接。）可知，研究人員創(chuàng)建的數(shù)字地圖顯示了大腦一小部分的詳細(xì)信息。故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theyfoundsomeraresiteswhereneuronswereconnectedbymorethan50synapses.Thisisincrediblyuncommon—morethan96percentofconnectionsbetweenneuronshavejustonesynapse,andmorethan99percenthavethreeorfewersynapses.”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些罕見的地方，那里的神經(jīng)元通過超過50個突觸連接。這是非常罕見的——超過96%的神經(jīng)元連接只有一個突觸，超過99%的神經(jīng)元連接有三個或更少的突觸。）可知，通過列舉數(shù)據(jù)來說明這個發(fā)現(xiàn)的稀有性。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However,hethinkswhilethetissuesampledidn’thaveanyevidenceofdisease,theycan’tbecertainwhetherthesesurprisesareinsomewayrelatedtotheperson’sepilepsyortreatments.Studyingothertissuesamplescouldgivethemacleareridea.”（然而，他認(rèn)為，雖然組織樣本沒有任何疾病的證據(jù)，但他們不能確定這些驚喜是否以某種方式與這個人的癲癇或治療有關(guān)。研究其他組織樣本可能會給他們一個更清晰的想法。）可知，Lichtman對于這些發(fā)現(xiàn)持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Butinthemeantime,thehumanstatisticstheycurrentlyhavewillpushotherresearcherstolearnmoreaboutthehumanbrain,especiallyitsunknownareas.”（但與此同時，他們目前擁有的人類統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)將推動其他研究人員更多地了解人腦，尤其是它的未知區(qū)域。）可知，這項研究的效果是鼓舞人心的，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoTalkWithoutOffending(冒犯)AnyoneIfyoufeellikeconversationsareapotentialminefieldandyou’reworriedaboutunintentionallyoffendingsomeone,you’renotalone.Herearesomewaysforyoutoavoidoffendingothers.THINKbeforeyouspeakTHINKisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforthe5thingsanyconstructivecriticismshouldbe:True,Helpful,Inspiring,Necessary,andKind.____16____.Ifwhatyouhavetosaymeetsallthe5criteria,it’sunlikelythatthepersonyou’retalkingtowillbehurt.RequestachangeinsteadofpointingoutafaultThisapproachletsthepersonknowwhattodointhefuture.____17____.Whatisnecessaryismakingsuretheydon’tdothesamethingagain,andyoucanoftenaccomplishthiswithoutcriticizingthemforsomethingnegativetheydid.____18____Wordsthatyouhavenoproblemwithmightbehurtfultoothers.Usually,whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,youdon’tknowwhatexperiencesthey’vehadorwhattraumathey’vegonethrough.Ifsomeoneishurtbysomethingyou’vesaid,acceptthat—don’tquestionitorinsultthemoverit.AcceptpeoplewithanopenmindShowthatyou’rewillingtolistentootherideasandviewpoints.Noteverybodyisgoingtoagreewithyouandthere’snothingwrongwiththat.____19____.Inthisway,youcanlearnsomethingaboutyourselfandotherpeople.ApologizewhencalledoutorcorrectedIfyoudooffendsomeone,learnfromyourmistake.Ittakescourageforsomeonetostandupforthemselveswhenthey’reoffendedbysomethingsomeoneelsesaid.____20____.A.Respecteachperson’sindividualityB.AvoidforcingyourfeelingsonothersC.Asthesayinggoes,lookbeforeyouleapD.PointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrongisoftennotnecessaryE.Usethisacronymtoplanwhatyou’llsaybeforetoughconversationsF.ListentoothersandtrytounderstandwhypeoplethinkthewaytheydoG.Tellthemyou’resorrythatyoudidn’tintendtohurtthem,andthatit’llneverhappenagain〖答案〗16.E17.D18.A19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在談話中避免冒犯他人的一些方法?！?6題詳析】前文“THINKisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforthe5thingsanyconstructivecriticismshouldbe:True,Helpful,Inspiring,Necessary,andKind.(THINK是一個首字母縮略詞，代表了任何建設(shè)性批評都應(yīng)該具備的5個要素：真實、有益、鼓舞人心、必要和善意)”解釋THINK的含義，提出建設(shè)性批評應(yīng)具備的5個要素，后文“Ifwhatyouhavetosaymeetsallthe5criteria,it’sunlikelythatthepersonyou’retalkingtowillbehurt.(如果你要說的話符合這5條標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那么和你談話的人就不太可能受到傷害)”指出遵循這5條標(biāo)準(zhǔn)帶來的好處，因此E項“Usethisacronymtoplanwhatyou’llsaybeforetoughconversations(用這個縮略詞來計劃在艱難的對話之前要說什么)”符合語境，建議按照THINK的要素來安排說話的內(nèi)容，承上啟下，其中的thisacronym指代前文的THINK。故選E?！?7題詳析】后文“Whatisnecessaryismakingsuretheydon’tdothesamethingagain,andyoucanoftenaccomplishthiswithoutcriticizingthemforsomethingnegativetheydid.(必要的是確保他們不會再做同樣的事情，你通?？梢宰龅竭@一點，而不用批評他們所做的消極事情)”指出必要的事情是什么，建議不要批評他人所做的錯事，因此D項“Pointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrongisoftennotnecessary(指出別人做錯了什么通常是沒有必要的)”符合語境，說明沒有必要的事情是什么，引出后文，其中的Pointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrong和本段標(biāo)題中的pointingoutafault呼應(yīng)，notnecessary和后文的necessary相對立。故選D。【18題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Wordsthatyouhavenoproblemwithmightbehurtfultoothers.Usually,whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,youdon’tknowwhatexperiencesthey’vehadorwhattraumathey’vegonethrough.Ifsomeoneishurtbysomethingyou’vesaid,acceptthat—don’tquestionitorinsultthemoverit.(你覺得沒有問題的話可能會傷害到別人。通常，當(dāng)你和某人交談時，你不知道他們有什么經(jīng)歷，或者他們經(jīng)歷了什么創(chuàng)傷。如果有人被你說的話傷害了，接受這一點——不要質(zhì)疑或因此而侮辱他們)”可知，本段主要建議不能僅從自己的角度考慮問題，要考慮到每個人的具體經(jīng)歷，尊重他人的真實感受，空處是段落標(biāo)題，應(yīng)該與從他人的經(jīng)歷出發(fā)，尊重他人相關(guān)，且需和其他段落標(biāo)題一樣使用祈使句的形式，因此A項“Respecteachperson’sindividuality(尊重每個人的個性)”符合語境，契合段落內(nèi)容。故選A?！?9題詳析】前文“Noteverybodyisgoingtoagreewithyouandthere’snothingwrongwiththat.(不是每個人都會同意你的觀點，這沒什么錯)”指出有不同意見是正常的，后文“Inthisway,youcanlearnsomethingaboutyourselfandotherpeople.(通過這種方式，你可以了解一些關(guān)于你自己和其他人的事情)”說明某種做法的好處，因此F項“Listentoothersandtrytounderstandwhypeoplethinkthewaytheydo(傾聽別人的想法，試著理解為什么人們會這樣想)”符合語境，建議傾聽別人的想法，承上啟下。故選F?！?0題詳析】前文“Ittakescourageforsomeonetostandupforthemselveswhenthey’reoffendedbysomethingsomeoneelsesaid.(當(dāng)一個人被別人的話冒犯時，為自己挺身而出是需要勇氣的)”指出被冒犯的人表達(dá)自己感受的行為是勇敢的，因此G項“Tellthemyou’resorrythatyoudidn’tintendtohurtthem,andthatit’llneverhappenagain(告訴他們你很抱歉，你不是故意傷害他們的，而且這種事不會再發(fā)生了)”符合語境，建議為自己的冒犯道歉并做出承諾，承接前文。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Recyclingcanbenefitnotonlyenvironmentalconservationbutalsocommunityinsurprisingways.MateoLange,15,is____21____ofthiswell.Onweekends,hewouldsortthroughglassandplasticbottlesandaluminum(鋁)cansinhishometown,IndianRiver,Michigan,wherehe____22____acommunityrecyclingprogram.Mateoinitiatedtheprogramwhenhewasinthesixthgrade,playingbaseballwiththeNorthernMichiganCyclones.Theteamwas____23____fromitsestablishmentandfacedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments.ObservingcansandbottlesthrowneverywherealongMichigan’sroads,Mateo____24____asolution.InMichigan,thesecansandbottlescanbecollectedandexchangedforcash.____25____byhisfather’sassistance,Mateostartedabottleandcandriveanditraised7,500inamerefewweeks.This____26____successinspiredMateotokeeptheendeavorgoing.Sincethen,Mateo’srecyclingefforthasobtainedanimpressive$350,000,____27____atleast50localyouthgroups.Equally____28____,over2millionbottlesandcansotherwise____29____ontheroadsidewererecycled.In2023,Mateowas____30____forhisdeedsandwontheprestigiousGloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes,anhonor____31____theeffortsofyoungindividualsstrivingtomaketheworldabetterplace.Whenaskedabouttheaccomplishment,Mateosaid,“Iamhappytoknowthatalltheseteamsandclubsandthecommunitiesaroundare____32____.”Mateobelieveseveryonecanandshouldbeof____33____“Justdoalittlebittomakeadifferencetotheworld,”he____34____.“Becreative,”headds.“Havean____35____andbuildonit.”21.A.aware B.frightened C.guilty D.ashamed22.A.ignores B.joins C.leads D.quits23.A.absent B.fresh C.free D.distinct24.A.objectedto B.calledoff C.carriedout D.hitupon25.A.Touched B.Backed C.Fueled D.Puzzled26.A.initial B.imaginary C.literary D.previous27.A.enhancing B.restricting C.funding D.disturbing28.A.sadly B.unfortunately C.commercially D.remarkably29.A.blocked B.classified C.exhibited D.littered30.A.threatened B.celebrated C.blamed D.suspected31.A.onaccountof B.onbehalfof C.inrecognitionof D.incontrastto32.A.benefiting B.emerging C.complaining D.starving33.A.peace B.service C.wisdom D.equality34.A.protests B.whispers C.promises D.urges35.A.idea B.excuse C.identity D.impact〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述MateoLange為了給球隊籌集資金，發(fā)起了一個社區(qū)回收項目，不僅為當(dāng)?shù)睾芏嘟M織籌集到資金，還保護(hù)了環(huán)境。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：15歲的MateoLange很清楚這一點。A.aware知道的，意識到的；B.frightened害怕的；C.guilty內(nèi)疚的；D.ashamed慚愧的。根據(jù)下文“he________acommunityrecyclingprogram”可知，MateoLange創(chuàng)辦了一個社區(qū)回收項目，故他知道回收利用有好處，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：周末，他會在家鄉(xiāng)密歇根的印第安河對玻璃、塑料瓶和鋁罐進(jìn)行分類，他在那里領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著一個社區(qū)回收項目。A.ignores忽視；B.joins加入；C.leads領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.quits放棄，退出。根據(jù)下文“Mateoinitiatedtheprogram”可知，是Mateo發(fā)起了這個項目，故此處指他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著一個社區(qū)回收項目，故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這支隊伍剛成立不久，面臨著為參加比賽籌集資金的挑戰(zhàn)。A.absent缺席的；B.fresh新的；C.free自由的；D.distinct不同的。根據(jù)“facedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments”可知，球隊需要為參加比賽籌集資金，故推知它成立不久，故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Mateo觀察了密歇根州道路上隨處可見的罐頭和瓶子，想到了一個解決辦法。A.objectedto反對；B.calledoff取消；C.carriedout執(zhí)行，實施；D.hitupon突然有個好主意，偶然想到妙點子。結(jié)合空后的“asolution”以及下文“Mateostartedabottleandcandrive”可知，此處指Mateo想到了一個解決辦法，故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在父親的幫助下，Mateo開始了一個關(guān)于瓶子和罐子的運動，在短短幾周內(nèi)籌集了7500美元。A.Touched觸摸；B.Backed支持，幫助；C.Fueled給……提供燃料；D.Puzzled使困惑。結(jié)合“byhisfather’sassistance”可知，此處指在父親的幫助下，故選B?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的成功激勵著Mateo繼續(xù)努力。A.initial開始的，最初的；B.imaginary想象的；C.literary文學(xué)的；D.previous