Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 課件 高一英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.

Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.ThedogwaseatingacakewhenIreachedhome.英語(yǔ)三大從句名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、比較、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式狀語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句04040302201定語(yǔ)從句大分類關(guān)系詞CONTENTS定語(yǔ)05特殊情況和解題步驟CHAPTERONE定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞的詞，短語(yǔ)或句子叫定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可前置，也可后置。(短前長(zhǎng)后)abeautifulgirlanappletreeareadingroomabookonthedeskaninterestingbookaboyrunninginthestreet

abrokenheartaboycalledTom

thefirststudenttoentertheclassroom

Iknowaboywhoiscool.Luffyisacoolboy.Luffyisaboywithahat.Luffyisaboywhoiscool.1.作用：修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的2.分類：形容詞、名詞，代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）、分詞、定語(yǔ)從句等相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子3.表示：漢語(yǔ)中常用‘……的’表示4.位置：用在所修飾詞之前的叫前置定語(yǔ)，用在所修飾詞之后的叫后置定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)CHAPTERTWO定語(yǔ)從句1.定義：一個(gè)句子跟在一個(gè)名詞或代詞（先行詞）后進(jìn)行修飾限定（對(duì)詞句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、修飾、限定，進(jìn)而使原句內(nèi)容更完整）2.語(yǔ)法成分：整個(gè)句子中做定語(yǔ)的成分3.位置：只能放在被修飾的詞（即先行詞）之后定語(yǔ)從句（也稱形容詞性從句）1.這兩名同學(xué)是朋友。2.這兩名同學(xué)正站著。1.Thetwostudentsarefriends.2.Thetwostudentsarestanding.

3.Thetwostudentswhoarestandingarefriends.定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)Thetwostudents

whoarestandingarefriends.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句:修飾名詞或代詞的句子。1.TheboyrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.2.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞3.Whattheboywantstodoistorunontheplayground.

×√×先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分（主/賓/定/表/狀）名詞或代詞關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞缺少主/賓/定/表/狀語(yǔ)，但必須有謂語(yǔ)。

ThegirlisbehindthetreeisMary.thegirlwho/thatCHAPTERTHREE分類1)限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞有限定制約作用，不能被省略，否則句意不完整Imetsomeonewhosaidheknowsyou.2)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，可省略。有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)Thehouse,whichIbought,hasalovelygarden.

①Doyouknowtheprofessorwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?②Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.區(qū)別1.形式不同非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。2.關(guān)系詞不同that不用于非限制性；在限制性從句中，關(guān)系詞作賓語(yǔ)有時(shí)可以省略，而在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞一律不省略。①Sheisthenewstudent(whom/who/that)Iwanttointroducetoyou.②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.③Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoshowallhislovefor.1.Thecar,______weboughtlastmonth,isverynice.2.Thisisthecar

_________weboughtlastmonth.3.Thewoman_________________wewillmeetattheairportisanexpert.4.ButSarah,___________hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

whichwhich/thatwho/whom/that/略whoCHAPTERFOUR關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞只指代人只指代事物人、物皆可指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who，whomwhichthat,whose,aswherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞作從句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)作從句的狀語(yǔ)在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略可以?人和物作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞whose+名詞牢記：what不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)一.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.指物時(shí)①Howdoyoulikethefilmwhich/thatwasshownlastSunday?②Howdoyoulikethefilm(which/that)wesawlastSunday？③Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.2.指人時(shí)：①Doyouknowtheboywho/thatismydeskmate?②Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.③Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.1.關(guān)系副詞when，表示時(shí)間①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Thereareoccasionswhenyoumustnotrefuse.2.關(guān)系副詞where，表示地點(diǎn)①Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.③Dancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.④Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.二.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句3.關(guān)系副詞why（=forwhich）先行詞是表原因的名詞reason①Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.②Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tshowup.③Shedidn’ttellmethereasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.

①Thisistheparkwhich/thattheyvisitedlastyear.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.①Idon'tbelievethereason(that/which)hegaveme.②Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.1.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which/whom”既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。2.常用的介詞有in，on，about，from，for，with，to，at，of，without3.介詞的來(lái)源①定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞、形容詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配

②根據(jù)先行詞和介詞的習(xí)慣搭配③根據(jù)句子意思表達(dá)的需要三.介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句(1)看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配Thisisasubjectaboutwhichwemightargueforalongwhile.(2)看先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣①Ontheblackboardtheteacherwroteasentence,themeaningofwhichIdon’tunderstand.②I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichshesaidgoodbyetome.(3)考查根據(jù)句意確定介詞①Iamlookingformyglasses,withoutwhichIcan’twatchTVclearly.②Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.CHAPTERFIVE特殊情況和解題步驟1.只用that2.只用which3.注意主謂一致只用that不用which1.先行詞是被序數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級(jí)修飾Thefirstthing

thatyoushoulddoiscallthepolicerightaway.2.先行詞是被不定代詞修飾（all,little,few,much,everthing,anything）All

thatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.先行詞是/被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修飾Theonlything

thatshecoulddowastoaskthepoliceforhelp.4.先行詞既包括人又包括物Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonandthings

thatupsetus.5.主句是以who/which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句Whichofthebooks

thatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?只用which1.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句Football,which

isaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld.2.關(guān)系代詞有介詞Thisisthehousein

whichMoYanoncelived.3.先行詞本身就是thatThatwhichyoutoldhimiswhatwewanttoknow.4.句中包含兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一句用that,另一句用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen.只用who不用that的情況1.先行詞是指人的不定代詞（one;ones;anyone;noone;nobody;anybody;none;all）Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.2.therebe句型，先行詞?人Thereisayoundmanwhowantstoseeyou.3.先行詞是?人的thoseThosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.注意主謂一致1.定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)通常與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致①Thestudentswhowerereferredtojustnowwereallfromthesamevillage.②I,whoamyourmother,isnotapersonthatiseasytocheat.2.在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞…”后面，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthathavedrawnlotsofvisitors.3.在“theonly/theveryoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞…”后面，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。TheGreatWallistheonly(one)ofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.解定語(yǔ)從句三步驟一找：找出先行詞；二帶：把先行詞帶入定語(yǔ)從句中，組成正確的句子；三選擇：考慮各種情況，確定關(guān)系詞。1.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.2.Heknewtheteacher_______________wemetyesterday.3.Isawawoman_________bagwasstolen.4.Theday_____________ImarriedwasJune6,2004.5.Thehotel______________westayedwasn’tclean.6.Thereason______________I’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.that/whichamachinetheteacherwho/whom/that/略whoseawomanthedayonthedayawoman'sonwhich=whenthehotelinthehotelinwhich=whereforthereasonwhich=why用正確的關(guān)系詞填空(I)1.Hisfatherworksinafactory__________makesTVsets.2.Hisfatherworksinafa