Unit1第2課時(shí)reading（知識(shí)精講分層練習(xí)）八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)講義（牛津譯林版）（教師版）

Unit1Friends第2課時(shí)reading目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航j(luò)ing目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航j(luò)ing重點(diǎn)詞匯1.慷慨的，大方的adj._______________2.樂(lè)意的，愿意的adj._______________3.在任何時(shí)候adv._______________4.嗓音n._______________5.歌手n._______________→唱歌v._______________6.幾乎，差不多adv._______________7.圓形的adj._______________8.感覺(jué)；觀念，意識(shí)n._______________9.幽默n._______________10.無(wú)聊的adj._______________11.可容納，裝進(jìn)vt._______________12.碰，撞；把……撞擊成vt.______________13.筆直的adj._______________14.可愛(ài)的，惹人喜愛(ài)的adj.______________15.微笑vi._______________16.個(gè)性n._______________17.選擇；挑選vt.&vi._______________重點(diǎn)詞組1.有一副好嗓音_______________2.想要成為一名歌手_______________3.戴又小又圓的眼鏡_______________4.使他看起來(lái)精神_______________5.很有幽默感_______________6.使我大笑_______________7.感到無(wú)聊_______________8.路過(guò)_______________9.說(shuō)任何人的壞話(huà)_______________10.把某物撞翻到_______________11.擅長(zhǎng)講笑話(huà)_______________12.樂(lè)于做某事_______________13.有需要的人_______________重點(diǎn)句型1.她樂(lè)意和他的朋友分享東西。She______________________________sharethingswithherfriends.2.她長(zhǎng)大后想成為一名歌手。She______________________________asingerwhenshe____________________.3.他講有趣的笑話(huà)，總是使我大笑。He______________________________andalways______________________________.4.當(dāng)他經(jīng)過(guò)我們課桌的時(shí)候，他常常把我們的書(shū)和鋼筆撞到地上。Whenhe____________________ourdesks,heoften__________ourbooksandpens__________thefloor.5.當(dāng)某事使我擔(dān)心的時(shí)候，我總是去找她幫忙。When______________________________,Icanalways______________________________.【答案】【教材單詞】1.generous 2.willing 3.anytime（=anytime） 4.voice 5.singersing6.almost 7.round 8.sense 9.humour=humor 10.bored11.fit 12.knock 13.straight 14.sweet 15.smile16.personality 17.choose【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1.haveagoodvoice 2.wanttobeasinger 3.wearsmallroundglasses4.makehimlooksmart 5.haveagoodsenseofhumour 6.makemelaugh7.feelbored 8.walkpast 9.sayabadwordaboutanyone10.knocksth.onto... 11.begoodattellingjokes 12.bewillingtodosth.13.somethinginneed【核心句型】1.iswilingto 2.wantstobe;growsup 3.tellsfunnyjokes;makesmelaugh4.walkspast;knocks;onto 5.somethingworriesme;gotoher知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛jing知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛jing一．Bettyisoneofmybestfriends.Betty是我最好的朋友之一。【精講】oneof+the+adj.最高級(jí)+n.復(fù)數(shù)(+v.三單) e.g.Oneofworld'smostpopularsportsisfootball.練一練練一練1.長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)河流之一。ChangjiangRiveris______________________________intheworld.【答案】oneofthelongestrivers【詳解】最……的……之一oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。長(zhǎng)的long，其最高級(jí)為longest；河流river。故填oneofthelongestrivers。2．LiLeiisoneof______inourclass.A．beststudents B．a(chǎn)goodstudentC．thebeststudents D．goodstudents【答案】C【詳解】句意：李雷是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一?？疾樾稳菰~最高級(jí)。oneofthe+形容詞的最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“……中最……的之一”。形容詞最高級(jí)的前面應(yīng)該有冠詞the，故這里的名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選C。二．lsshereadytohelpwhenyouhaveproblems?當(dāng)你有困難的時(shí)候她愿意去幫助你么?Sheiswillingtosharethingswithherfriends.她樂(lè)于和朋友們分享事情?！揪v】bereadyto/bewillingtobewillingtodo=bereadytodo=begladtodo 樂(lè)意做某事【拓展】1.get/bereadyforsth. 為某事做好準(zhǔn)備2.getsth.readyforsb. 為某人準(zhǔn)備好某物練一練練一練1.Areyou________(will)tohelpmewithmymaths?【答案】willing2.Don’t______.Whensomething______you,youcanaskmeforhelp.A.worry,worryB.worried,worriesC.worry,worriesD.worries,worried【答案】C三．Shehelpsmewithmyhomework.她總是在作業(yè)上幫助我。【精講】help的用法Help n.幫助 v．幫助;有助于helpful adj.樂(lè)于助人的helpless adj.無(wú)助的;無(wú)能的【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1．幫助別人做某事 helpsb.do/todosth.2.在某事上幫助某人 helpsb.withsth.3．不能幫忙做某事 can'thelpdo/withsth.4．情不自禁地做某事 can'thelpdoingsth.5．在某人的幫助下 withthehelpofsb.【拓展】behelpful=beof(great)help練一練練一練1.Maryisso______———sheestoyouwheneveryou’reintrouble.A.useful B.careful C.helpful D.thankful【答案】C四．shealwaysgivesherseatonthebustosomeoneinneed.她總是在公交車(chē)上給有需要的人讓座?！揪v】need的用法n.需要，需求sb.inneed有需要的人*inneedofsth.需要某物*satisfy/meetone'sneed滿(mǎn)足某人的需求(9BU3)v.需要肯定否定實(shí)義動(dòng)詞needtodosth.don'tneedtodosth.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞needdosth.needn'tdosth.*特殊用法主動(dòng)表被動(dòng):sth.needdoing=sth.needtobedone練一練 練一練1.她樂(lè)意任何時(shí)候幫助需要幫助的人。_______________________________________________________________________【答案】Sheiswilling/readytohelppeopleinneedanytime.五Bettyhasagoodvoice.Betty有一副好的嗓音。【精講】voice(三個(gè)聲音) voice嗓音指人的嗓音，說(shuō)話(huà)聲或歌聲noise噪音指吵鬧的，嘈雜的，讓人煩躁的聲音sound聲音泛指可以聽(tīng)到的任何聲音e.g.Therewastoomuchnoiseoutsidetheclassroom.Thephysicsteacherhadtoraisehisvoice,"Lighttravelsfasterthansound."【補(bǔ)充】(1)speakinalowvoice 小聲說(shuō)話(huà)(2)noisy adj.吵鬧的 noisily adv.吵鬧地六．Whowouldyouchooseasyourbestfriend?你會(huì)選擇誰(shuí)做你最好的朋友?【精講】choose*choose vt./vi.選擇;挑選 過(guò)去式:chose 1.choosesth. 選擇...(具體內(nèi)容) choosefrom... 從...中選擇(有范圍) choosetodosth. 選擇去做某事 choosesb.as/tobe 選擇某人作為...2.choice n.選擇;選擇權(quán);被選中的東西 havenochoice 沒(méi)有選擇的余地 makeachoice 做出選擇*3.can'tchoosebutdosth=havenochoicebuttodosth.=candonothingbutdosth.別無(wú)選擇，只好... 七．Maxhasagoodsenseofhumour.Max很有幽默感。【精講】sense/humour1.humour(=humor) n.幽默humorous adj.幽默的2.sense n.感覺(jué);意識(shí) asenseofsmell 嗅覺(jué) monsense 常識(shí) makesense 有意義;講得通 sixthsense 第六感3．幽默感 asenseofhumor方向感 asenseofdirection八．lneverfeelboredwithhim.和他一起，我從不覺(jué)得無(wú)聊。Maxissointeresting!Max真有趣啊!【精講】ed/ing形容詞 1.feelboredwith... 對(duì)...感到無(wú)聊 beboredwith=betiredof... 對(duì)...感到厭煩2.ed/ing形容詞常修飾對(duì)象含義例子ed結(jié)尾人自身“感覺(jué)...的”lfeelexcited./T'minterestedinEnglish.ing結(jié)尾事物“令人感覺(jué)...的”anexcitingmatch/aninterestingbook*特殊:excitedlook 激動(dòng)的表情(自身感覺(jué)激動(dòng)的) boringpeople 無(wú)聊之人(令人感覺(jué)無(wú)聊的) 練一練練一練1.MissJonesmakesherclass______andshealwaysmakesthestudents______.A.interesting,laughingB.interesting,laughC.interested,laughD.interested,laughing【答案】B2.I’mreally________(bore),becausethereisnothinginterestingtodo.【答案】bored九．Theydonotfitwellunderhisdesk.它們?cè)谧雷拥紫氯菁{不下。【精講】fit的用法1.v.①可容納，裝進(jìn) e.g.Allthekidscanfitinthebackofthecar.②適合(大小，尺寸)【復(fù)習(xí)】 e.g.Thispairofshoesfitsmewell.2.adj. 【復(fù)習(xí)】適合的befitfor=besuitablefor e.g.Thispairofshoesisfitforme.②健康的keepfit=keephealthy十．Whenhewalkspastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.他走過(guò)我們的課桌時(shí)，經(jīng)常把我們的書(shū)和筆撞到地板上?！揪v】walkpast/pass詞性用法同義替換pastprep.常放于v./be后walkpastourdeskspasssVt.V.的所有用法=passourdesks類(lèi)似的單詞辨析:cross&across cross=go/walk+acrosse.g.Mikealwayshelpstheoldcrosstheroad.=Mikealwayshelpstheoldwalkacrosstheroad.十一．whenhewalkspastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.他走過(guò)我們的課桌時(shí)，經(jīng)常把我們的書(shū)和筆撞到地板上?！揪v】knock短語(yǔ)搭配 knockon/at 敲 e.g.Listen!Whoisknockingonthedoor?knockoff 把...撞倒 e.g.Mikeknockedmybooksoffthedesk.knockover 把...撞翻 e.g.Youmaynotknockoverthetrashcan.十二．Mayisatruefriend.May是一個(gè)真正的朋友?！揪v】true/real(1)trueadj.真實(shí)的(符合事實(shí)) e.g.Whathesaidistrue. 真正的(達(dá)到某種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的) e.g.atrueman.(2)realadj.真實(shí)的(真實(shí)存在的，不是虛構(gòu)的) e.g.HarryPotterisn'tarealboy.【拓展】truly=really adv.真地 e.g.TheMathexamistruly/reallydifficult.十三．Whensomethingworriesme,Icanalwaysgotoher.當(dāng)有事困擾我時(shí)，我可以向她尋求幫助?！揪v】worry(1)worry vt.使...擔(dān)憂(yōu);困擾 worrysb. 困擾某人;使某人擔(dān)憂(yōu) e.g.Hisbadhealthworriedhisparentsalot. worry(that)... 擔(dān)心...【補(bǔ)充】(1)worry vi.擔(dān)心 worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人或某事(2)worried adj.擔(dān)心的（可與動(dòng)詞同義替換) beworriedaboutsb./sth=worryaboutsb. 擔(dān)心某人或某事 beworried(that) 擔(dān)心...(3)worryingadj.令人擔(dān)心的 e.g.Theingexamisquiteworrying.練一練練一練1.Don’t______.Whensomething______you,youcanaskmeforhelp.A.worry,worryB.worried,worriesC.worry,worriesD.worries,worried【答案】C分層練習(xí)分層練習(xí)【基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)】一、根據(jù)句子意思和漢語(yǔ)提示，用合適的單詞填空1.Weallknowtheearthis________(圓的).2.Shelookedatmeand________(微笑)sweetly.3.Mysixth

________(感覺(jué))

toldmetostayhereandwait.4.Mycousin

is

a

________(惹人喜愛(ài)的)

little

girl.Wealllikeher.5._________(幾乎)alltheyoungpeoplelikechattingontheInternet.【答案】1.round2.smiled3.sense4.sweet5.Almost二、根據(jù)句子意思和首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞，使句子意思完整、正確1.Becarefulnottok________theglassoffthetable.2.Thecatissofatthatitcan’tf________inthebox.3.Theoldwomanisveryg________.SheoftenraisesmoneyforProjectHope.4.A

s________

line

(線(xiàn))is

the

shortest

distance(距離)

between

two

points(點(diǎn)).5.Sandy’sv________soundsgreat.Manypeoplethinkshewillmakeagoodsinger.【答案】1.knock2.fit3.generous4.straight5.voice三、根據(jù)句子意思，用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Sandyisthe_________(slim)girlinourclass.2.Areyou________(will)tohelpmewithmymaths?3.StephenChow’sfilmsarealwaysfullof________(humorous).4.Adeleisoneofthemostpopular________(sing)atthemoment.5.I’mreally________(bore),becausethereisnothinginterestingtodo.【答案】1.slimmest2.willing3.humour4.singers5.bored四、選用方框內(nèi)的單詞或詞組填空，其中有一個(gè)單詞或詞組是多余的onto;inneed;isreadyto;growsup;personality;sayabadwordabout;worries;shorterthan1.MybestfriendMayis____________I.2.They

are

collecting

money

for

families

_____________.

3.Jillwantstotravelaroundtheworldwhenshe_____________.4.Whensomething_____________Tom,healwaysestome.5.Myneighboursnever____________anyone.Wearelikeabigfamily.6.Millieisreallyhelpful.She_____________helpwhenwehaveproblems.7.Ahundredand

fifty

empty

bottlesfell

_____________

the

floor.Theywereeverywhere.【答案】1.shorterthan2.inneed3.growsup4.worries5.sayabadwordabout6.isreadyto7.onto五、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空填一詞1.Mycousinisa1.7metertallboy.Mycousinisaboyof1.7________________.2.Maryandhersisterliveinthesamebedroom.Mary________abedroom________hersister.3.Nobodybelievesherwords.Nobodybelieves_________________________.4.Danielnevertellsmysecretstoothers.Danielalways________________________me.5.Maxwearssmallroundglasses.Theymakehimlooksmart.Max________________________hissmallroundglasses.【答案】1.meterstall2.shares;with3.whatshesays4.keepssecretsfor5.lookssmartin六、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成下列句子1.一個(gè)真誠(chéng)的朋友不會(huì)說(shuō)任何人不好的事情。A________friend_________says___________________________________.2.海倫有美妙的嗓音。她將來(lái)想成為一名歌手。Helenhasagood_________.Shewantstobeasinger_________________________.3.長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的直發(fā)使她看上去很漂亮。Thestraightlonghair_____________________________________________________.4.他很有幽默感。和他在一起我從來(lái)不感到無(wú)聊。He________________________________.I___________________________withhim.5.她很可愛(ài)，經(jīng)常微笑。_______________________________________________________________________6.你想選誰(shuí)作你最好的朋友？_______________________________________________________________________7.她樂(lè)意任何時(shí)候幫助需要幫助的人。_______________________________________________________________________【答案】1.true;never;badthingsaboutanyone/anybody2.voice;inthefuture3.makesherlookpretty/beautiful…4.hasagoodsenseofhumour;neverfeelbored5.Sheissweetandsmilesoften.6.Whowouldyouchooseasyourbestfriend?7.Sheiswilling/readytohelppeopleinneedanytime.七、用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整Davidisoneofmybestfriends.He1_________(be)sixteenyearsold.Heisthetallestinourclassalmost1.78metersandweighs65kg.Hewearsroundglasses.Thatmakeshim2________(look)reallysmart.Davidishelpful.Ifsomeonehasproblems,heisalwaysready3________(help).Lastweek,anoldmanwassuddenlyilland4________(fall)inthestreet.Hesenttheoldmantothehospitalatonce.Daviddoeswellin5________(play)theviolin.Hesayshewantstobeaviolinistwhenhe6________(grow)up.【答案】1.is2.look3.tohelp4.fell5.playing6.grows【能力拓展】一．完型填空DearAlex,I’mwritingtotellyouaboutmybestfriendJames.Hewearsglassesbecausehe1toomuchtimeinfrontoftheputer.Hewantstobeaputerprogrammer2hegrowsup.HehasagoodsenseofhumourandIalwaysfeel3withhim.Heisvery4andalwaysreadytohelppeopleinneed.Ithinkheisatruefriendbecausehecan5,soIcantellhim6Ithink.Heisagoodfriendto7myhappinesswith.Whensomething8me,Ialwaysgotohimforhelp.Iliketalkingto9inmyfreetime.What’smore,we10likeplayingfootball.Heisquitegoodatit.Weoftenplaytogetherafterschool.Pleasetellmesomethingaboutyourbestfriend,too.YourssincerelySimon1．A．costs B．takes C．spends D．pays2．A．when B．where C．before D．until3．A．bored B．sad C．pleased D．healthy4．A．careful B．helpful C．hopeful D．wonderful5．A．keepsecrets B．telllies C．makemelaugh D．telljokes6．A．that B．who C．what D．which7．A．give B．share C．help D．offer8．A．visits B．knocks C．gives D．worries9．A．he B．his C．her D．him10．A．both B．a(chǎn)ll C．never D．seldom【答案】1．C2．A3．C4．B5．A6．C7．B8．D9．D10．A【分析】文章是一封信，西門(mén)寫(xiě)信介紹他最好的朋友詹姆斯。1．句意：他戴著眼鏡因?yàn)樗ê芏鄷r(shí)間在電腦前。costs花費(fèi)，主語(yǔ)為物，賓語(yǔ)為金錢(qián)；takes花費(fèi)，主語(yǔ)為It或物，賓語(yǔ)為時(shí)間；spends花費(fèi)，主語(yǔ)為人，賓語(yǔ)為時(shí)間或金錢(qián)；pays支付。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)“he”及“toomuchtimeinfrontoftheputer”可知表達(dá)“花太多時(shí)間在電腦上”，用spend。故選C。2．句意:他想長(zhǎng)大成為一名電腦程序員。when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；where哪里；before在……之前；until直到。根據(jù)“hegrowsup”可知表達(dá)“當(dāng)他長(zhǎng)大的時(shí)候”，用連詞“when”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A。3．句意：他有很強(qiáng)的幽默感，我總是對(duì)他很滿(mǎn)意。bored無(wú)聊的；sad悲傷的；pleased開(kāi)心的，滿(mǎn)意的；healthy健康的。根據(jù)“HehasagoodsenseofhumourandIalwaysfeel”可知表達(dá)“對(duì)某人感到滿(mǎn)意”，用“bepleasedwith”。故選C。4．句意：他總是幫助需要幫助的人。careful小心的；helpful有幫助的；hopeful充滿(mǎn)希望的；wonderful出色的。根據(jù)“alwaysreadytohelppeopleinneed”可知講述他幫助別人，用形容詞“helpful”。故選B。5．句意：我認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)真正的朋友，因?yàn)樗鼙Ｊ孛孛?。因此我能告訴他我的想法。keepsecrets保密；telllies撒謊；makemelaugh讓我大笑；telljokes開(kāi)玩笑。根據(jù)“heisatruefriend”及“soIcantellhim”可知表達(dá)“能保密”，用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“keepsecrets”。故選A。6．句意：我認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)真正的朋友，因?yàn)樗鼙Ｊ孛孛堋Ｒ虼宋夷芨嬖V他我的想法。that那；who誰(shuí)；what什么；which哪一個(gè)?！皌ellhim”后是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)“Ithink”可知表達(dá)“我想什么”，用“what”引導(dǎo)從句并作從句的賓語(yǔ)。故選C。7．句意：他是一個(gè)好朋友，可以和我分享我的開(kāi)心。give給；share分享；help幫助；offer提供。根據(jù)“myhappinesswith”可知用短語(yǔ)“sharesth.withsb.”。故選B。8．句意：當(dāng)有事使我困擾時(shí)，我總是向他求助。visits參觀；knocks敲；gives給；worries困擾。根據(jù)“Ialwaysgotoherforhelp”可知應(yīng)是有事使作者困擾，所以才去求助的。故選D。9．句意：我在空余時(shí)間喜歡和他聊天。he他；his他的；her她的；him他，賓格?！皌o”后面用代詞賓格。根據(jù)前文的“he”，可知用賓格“him”。故選D。10．句意：而且，我們兩個(gè)人都喜歡踢足球。both二者都；all三者或以上都；never從不；seldom很少。“we”指的是我和我的朋友，根據(jù)“Heisquitegoodatit.Weoftenplaytogetherafterschool”可知表達(dá)“兩個(gè)人都喜歡”，用代詞“both”。故選A。二．閱讀理解Cindy,JerryandMaryaregivingtheiropinionsaboutagoodfriend.Cindy:Ithinkagoodfriendshouldbehonest（誠(chéng)實(shí)的）.That'smoreimportantthananyotherthingandiswhereagoodfriendshipstarts.Ifafriendisn'thonest,hemaylosehisfriends'trust.Jerry:Ithinkagoodfriendhastobegenerous.Here"generous"doesn'tmeanhehastogivehisfriendshislunchmoneyorhisclothes.Itmeansheshouldshare（分享）hisideasandfeelingswithhisfriends.Infact,hisfriendscanknowhimbetterinthisway.Mary:Inmyopinion,agoodfriendshouldunderstand（理解）hisfriends.Whenthere'ssomethingwrongbetweenhimandhis