2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)十七Unit6NurturingnatureDevelopingideas含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE十八Unit6DevelopingideasⅠ.單詞拼法1.WewentfromLondontoWashingtonvia(經(jīng)過)NewYork.2.Hemadeseveralfavorablecommentsabouttheircandidate(候選人).3.Huaweimobilephoneiseasytooperate,whichcanrunseveralapplications(應(yīng)用程序)atthesametime.4.Opportunityfavors(偏愛;青睞)thosewithacuriousmind.5.Severalcenturiesago,peoplerealizedthatadvertisement(廣告)couldhelptosellgoods.6.Wilsonhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorousnegotiations(negotiate)withthestudentshetransportedtoandfromschool.7.Allthisdelicatelivingisnotforme;Iprefer(寧愿)thesimplelife.8.Asanapplicant,youwillbeaskedwhatyourhighesteducationqualification(資格;學(xué)歷)is.9.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaist(腰部)down,hehadnomotorability.10.Theyarenotmadeofgenuine(真的)leather,whichgiveoffbadsmell.Ⅱ.選詞填空becomeawareof;behometo;anumberof;upanddown;ifnecessary;makeup;infavorof;findout;teamupwith;inaddition1.Theoperatorisverymuchinfavorofworkers’proposalontheconference.

2.Hejustdesiresasteadylife,soheprefersnottoteamupwithanyotherfellows.

3.Don’tdisturbhimnow,whomustfindoutthetruthofthisincident.

4.Headteachertoldusthatwewouldgotothegrasslandbytakinghiscarifnecessary.

5.Theboymadeupastorythathiswaistwasbittenbyasnake,whichmadeusfrightened.

6.IamlookingupanddownformywalletwhichwaslostwhenIenjoyedthescenery.

7.Itiscertainthatonedayinthefutureyouwillbecomeawareofallyourmistakes.

8.TheTibetanmountainareasarehometoantelopeandotherrareanimals.

9.Inaddition,theUNhelpsprotecthumanrightsandworkstoimproveinternationallaws.

10.Althoughour“act”wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.

閱讀理解A(2024·青島高二檢測)“Itcan’tbedone.”BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillionsoftonsofplasticpollutingouroceans.Slat,whogrewupinthecityofDelftintheNetherlands,wasonadivingtripinGreecethreeyearsagowhenhewasdeeplyimpressedbyplastic.“Thereweremoreplasticbagsthanfish,”hesays.“ThatmomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface.”Thatfall,Slat,then17,decidedtostudyplasticpollutionaspartofahighschoolproject.Soon,Slatlearnedthatnoonehadyetcomeupwithpracticalwaytocleanupthismassivegarbagepatches.Mostproposedsolutionsinvolved“fishing”uptheplasticusingshipsequippedwithnets—which,asSlatdiscovered,wouldlikelytakemorethan1,000years,costtoomuch,letofftoomuchsealifealongwiththetrash.Slatproposedanalternativethatmostlyavoidedtheseproblems:asolar-poweredsystemusingafloatingplastictubewhichwillgoaroundthegarbageandtrapitis600meterslong.Wind,wavesandoceancurrentswillpushthetrashtowardthetube.Ashipwillpickupthetrashandtakeitbacktotheshore.Bestofall,SlatpredictedhissystemcouldcleanuptheNorthPacificGarbagePatchwithin5to10years.Thefollowing,SlatenteredtheaerospaceengineeringprogramattheDelftUniversityofTechnologyandofficiallyannouncedhisoceancleanupconceptatTEDxDelft.Butnothingmuchmovedforward.SlatorganizedateamofvolunteersandemployeesforTheOceanCleanup,whichnownumbersabout100.Inanswertoopposition,Slatandhisteamraised$100,000fromacrowdfundingcampaignandbegantestinga40-metercollectingbarrierneartheAzoresIslandslastMarch.Overthenextthreetofouryears,Slatwillpushtowardafullyoperationallarge-scaleprojectbytestingaseriesoflongerandlongerbarriers.【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Slat發(fā)覺海洋中的塑料垃圾污染日益嚴(yán)峻之后,想出了一種利用風(fēng)、浪和洋流清理海洋中塑料垃圾的方法,人人都說他的方法不行行,但他仍舊堅(jiān)持幻想并付諸實(shí)踐。1.Whatinspiredtheboytostudyplasticpollution?A.Oneofhishighschoolprojects.B.Others’oppositiontohisproposal.C.Humans’failureincleaninguptheocean.D.Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Thereweremoreplasticbags...ahighschoolproject.可知Slat探討塑料污染是因?yàn)樗吹搅撕Ｑ罄镉写罅康睦?有的地方塑料袋甚至比魚都多,即嚴(yán)峻的海洋塑料污染。D項(xiàng)Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean.(海洋里令人震驚的塑料污染)符合以上說法。2.WhatcanwesayaboutSlat’sdesign?A.ItispowerfulbutonlyusedinCaliforniaandHawaii.B.Itishugebutcausesgreatdamagetosealives.C.Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature.D.Itwaswelcomedbyallthepublicandworkedverywell.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的Slatproposedanalternative...takeitbacktotheshore.可知利用風(fēng)、浪和洋流將垃圾沖進(jìn)管道是很環(huán)保的方法。C項(xiàng)Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature.(它充分利用了自然的力氣,而且是環(huán)保的)符合以上說法。3.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhisarticle?A.Explainastrangeidea.B.Introduceafascinatingperson.C.Describeasocialphenomenon.D.Praiseapointofview.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。文章的幾乎每個(gè)段落都提到了Slat,故推想作者寫這篇文章的目的是給讀者介紹這個(gè)人。B(2024·太原高二檢測)HowtoLetGooftheWorldandLoveAlltheThingsClimateCan’tChangeisthelatestmoviefromfilmmakerandclimateactivistJoshFox.Themovieisthethirdfilminathree-partseriesaboutclimatechange.In2010,Fox’sdocumentaryGaslandexploredthehotlydebatedprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.HeexaminedthesubjectagaininGaslandⅡ.Foxwasagainsttraditionalfossilfuels(礦物燃料)andinsupportofrenewableenergy.Inhisthirdfilm,Foxsayspollutionfromfossilfuelsmustbereduced.Withoutlimits,therewillbemoreextremeweather,likedryweather,risingsealevelsandlackoffoodandwater.“Whenyoureallymeetthathead-on,itcausesunbelievabledanger.”Foxnotestherearethingsthatclimatecannotchange.“Thoseareourvaluestructureandthatiswhatthefilmstartstoexplain.Westarttoreallyemphasizethethingsthatareinside—courage,love,generosityandcreativity.Ithinkthosearethecentersofwhatwetalkaboutwhenwetalkaboutaresponsetoclimatechange.”Inthenewfilm,FoxtravelsthroughasunlessforestintheAmazonwithlocalactiviststomeasureoilspills.HegoestoavillageinEcuadortolearnhowpeopletherestoppedapipelinefrombeingbuilt.HejoinsyoungpeopleinAustraliatostopshipsfromenteringtheportofNewcastle.“Youshouldprobablyknowthenegativepartofwhatwe’reabouttodo.Thisistheshortlist:drowning,arrest,beingrunoverbyboats,beingcarriedawayinwaterintothePacificOcean,culturaldisrespectandbigwaves.”Alsointhefilm,FoxtalkstoEllaZhou,anenergyexpert.Sheexplainedtheimportanceofwhatshecalls“moral(道德)imagination”.“Ithinkthatitforcesustogetoutofourboxofthinkingabout,forexample,whatisbeingsuccessful.Itallowsustohaveamoralvalueaboutwhatwewantasaperson.Whatdowewanttodofortheworldandforourselves?”【文章大意】本文是夾敘夾議文。氣候活動(dòng)家JoshFox采納拍攝關(guān)于氣候改變的系列電影的方式,讓人們了解極端天氣的危害,呼吁人們?yōu)楸荛_極端天氣做點(diǎn)什么。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Theextremeweather.B.Thelackoffoodandwater.C.Thepollutionfromfossilfuels.D.Thesupportforrenewableenergy.【解析】選A。代詞指代題。依據(jù)其次段“Withoutlimits,...meetthathead-on,itcausesunbelievabledanger(假如沒有限制,就會(huì)有更多的極端天氣,比如干燥的天氣,海平面上升,缺乏食物和水。’當(dāng)你真的遇到那個(gè)時(shí),它會(huì)帶來難以置信的危急’)”可知,that指代前面提到的各種極端天氣。5.WhatdidFoxstarttoexplaininhisthirdfilm?A.Thecentersofourvaluestructure.B.Thecorrectresponsetoclimatechange.C.Theterribleeffectsclimatechangecauses.D.Theprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Thoseareourvaluestructure...aresponsetoclimatechange”可知,在第三部電影中,Fox闡述的是我們的價(jià)值結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)我們談到如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候改變時(shí),要強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在的東西,如志氣、愛、慷慨和創(chuàng)建力等。因此Fox在這部電影中談?wù)摰氖侨绾握_應(yīng)對(duì)氣候改變。6.WhydidFoxmakeashortlist?A.Tocallonpeopletojoinhim.B.Toexpresshisloveforadventure.C.Toprovethatfilmingisadifficultcareer.D.Tostressthedifficultiestheymetasclimateactivists.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段“Youshouldprobablyknowthenegativepartofwhatwe’reabouttodo”可知,Fox列出的清單都是他描繪的,在拍攝電影的過程中,作為氣候活動(dòng)家所經(jīng)驗(yàn)的艱難。7.AccordingtoElla,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmoralimagination?A.Ittellsusthewaytosuccess.B.Itmakesuscreativeinthinking.C.Itencouragesustorealizeourdreams.D.Ithelpsusfindthetruemeaningoflife.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段Ella所說的話“itforcesustogetoutofourbox...aperson.Whatdowewanttodofortheworldandforourselves?(這種道德想象力會(huì)讓我們跳出’只考慮勝利’的框框,而讓我們從道德價(jià)值角度考慮,作為人我們須要什么,我們想為這個(gè)世界、想為自己做點(diǎn)什么?)”可知,Ella強(qiáng)調(diào)道德想象力的重要性,它可以幫助我們找到生活的真正意義。Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·青島高二檢測)Atmydaughter’srecentgraduation,aspeakerkeptrepeating,“Youcandoanythingwithadegreeinphilosophy.”Tothat,Ithoughtyoucandoanythingwiththeright1.

Ididn’thavea2jobuntilIwas27.WhenIwashired,Iwasbasically3.Mycarhadbrokendown.Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.MyfamilyandfriendsthoughtIwasgoing4.

Ididn’tfeelthatwaythough.Iwasn’tdoingwell5.Sure,friendsofminegotmarriedandboughthouses.Butneitherofthosechoices6me.Takingtheroad7traveledispartofbeinganentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者).Iwantedto8mydream,whichwastoworkwithmyhandsandbecreative.Iwantedtobemyownboss.

Atthetime,Iwas9toyanimalsandsellingthematstreetfairs.Itwasn’teasy,butIstayedtruetomyself.Iwas10andhardworking.Iknowthosewerethequalitiesthatledmetoget11atmyfirstjob.Sodon’tgiveuphope.

OneSunday,IreadanarticleaboutatoycompanycalledWorldsofWonder.IknewIcouldmakeabetterteddybearthantheonetheywere12,althoughIhaddesignedjustafewcuddlytoysforanothercompany.Thenextday,Ivisitedthecompany’sofficesinpersonandtoldthemtheyneededme.Tomysurprise,they13tointerviewme.BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.

Manyofusdon’t14newthingsbecausewe’resurewedon’thavetheskills.Butfrommyexperience,it’sfarmore15tohavetherightattitude.Almosteverythingcanbetaught.Areyouareadyandwillingstudent?

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過講解并描述作者堅(jiān)持自己的創(chuàng)業(yè)夢,最終通過努力獲得自己喜愛的工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn),告知我們只要有正確的看法就可以做成任何事情。1.A.direction B.attitudeC.way D.knowledge【解析】選B。句意:至于那點(diǎn),我認(rèn)為有正確的看法你可以做任何事情。依據(jù)下文的Butfrommyexperience,it’sfarmore_______tohavetherightattitude.可知此處用“看法”符合語境。

2.A.full-time B.specialC.creative D.surprising【解析】選A。句意:直到27歲我才有全職工作。依據(jù)下文的WhenIwashired可推想作者找到了全職工作,full-time全職的,故選A項(xiàng)。3.A.blessing B.annoyingC.starving D.satisfying【解析】選C。句意:被雇用時(shí),我?guī)缀跆幱谔漯囂?hào)寒的狀態(tài)。依據(jù)下文的Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.可推斷當(dāng)時(shí)作者處于啼饑號(hào)寒的狀態(tài)。blessing祝愿;annoying令人生氣的;starving饑餓的;satisfying令人滿足的。故選C項(xiàng)。4.A.forward B.nowhereC.anywhere D.somewhere【解析】選B。句意:家人和摯友都認(rèn)為我會(huì)一事無成。結(jié)合句意可知,此處考查短語gonowhere“一事無成”,故選B項(xiàng)。5.A.physically B.spirituallyC.mentally D.financially【解析】選D。句意:我在經(jīng)濟(jì)上做得不好。依據(jù)上文的Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.可推想作者的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不好。physically身體上地;spiritually精神上地;mentally精神上地;financially經(jīng)濟(jì)上地。故選D項(xiàng)。6.A.upset B.disappointedC.envied D.excited【解析】選D。句意:但那些選擇都不能讓我興奮。依據(jù)下文的Iwantedtobemyownboss.可知作者想創(chuàng)業(yè),故推想那時(shí)結(jié)婚和買房都不是她所想要的,都不能讓她興奮。upset使懊喪;disappointed使悲觀;envied嫉妒;excited使興奮。故選D項(xiàng)。7.A.oftenB.nearlyC.lessD.easily【解析】選C。句意:選擇一條更少人走的路是創(chuàng)業(yè)者的一部分。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指作者的選擇和大多數(shù)人不一樣,即她選擇了一條少有人走的路,故選C項(xiàng)。8.A.follow B.change C.get D.earn【解析】選A。句意:我想跟隨我的幻想,那就是用我的雙手有創(chuàng)建性地工作。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指即使四周的摯友都結(jié)婚和買房,但作者依舊想跟隨自己的幻想——?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)。follow跟隨,故選A項(xiàng)。9.A.copying B.making C.buying D.learning【解析】選B。句意:那時(shí),我在制作動(dòng)物玩具,然后拿到街邊小集市售賣。依據(jù)上文的whichwastoworkwithmyhands可知此處用“制作”符合語境,故選B項(xiàng)。10.A.enthusiastic B.healthyC.friendly D.intelligent【解析】選A。句意:我充溢熱忱并且努力工作。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指作者對(duì)自己當(dāng)時(shí)做的事情充溢熱忱,因?yàn)槭峭ㄟ^他的雙手和創(chuàng)建性制作的,且下文的BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.也有示意。healthy健康的;friendly友好的;intelligent才智的。enthusiastic是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選A項(xiàng)。11.A.hired B.lostC.warned D.supported【解析】選A。句意:我知道那些是我被第一份工作雇用的品質(zhì)。依據(jù)前文的WhenIwashired可知此處用“雇用”符合語境,hire雇用;是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選A項(xiàng)。12.A.improving B.researchingC.designing D.marketing【解析】選D。句意:我知道我可以制作一個(gè)比他們正在促銷的更好的泰迪熊,盡管我已經(jīng)給另一家公司設(shè)計(jì)了一些可愛的玩具。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指作者看到了該公司促銷的泰迪熊,覺得她自己可以制作更好的。improving改善;researching探討;designing設(shè)計(jì);marketing促銷。故選D項(xiàng)。13.A.denied B.agreed C.refused D.invited【解析】選B。句意:讓我驚訝的是,他們同意面試我。依據(jù)下文的BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.可推想該公司同意面試作者,故選B項(xiàng)。14.A.giveaway B.takeonC.putup D.letdown【解析】選B。句意:我們許多人都不情愿擔(dān)當(dāng)新東西,因?yàn)槲覀兇_定我們沒有那個(gè)本事。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知,作者擔(dān)當(dāng)了為一家公司設(shè)計(jì)泰迪熊的工作,故此處用“擔(dān)當(dāng)”符合語境。giveaway贈(zèng)送;takeon擔(dān)當(dāng);putup舉起;letdown使……悲觀。故選B項(xiàng)。15.A.funny B.readyC.important D.successful【解析】選C。句意:但從我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看,最重要的是有正確的看法。依據(jù)上文的Tothat,Ithoughtyoucandoanythingwiththeright_______.可推想作者認(rèn)為有正確的看法是重要的,故選C項(xiàng)。

Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·資陽高二檢測)HowtoBeEco-friendlyIfyou’dlovetobemoreeco-friendlybutdon’tknowwheretobegin,startwithafewsmallchanges.1

Loweringyourenergy.Turnofflightsandunplugpowerstrips(電源插板)thatyou’renotusing.2Sincesomedevicescanstilluseenergyevenwhenthey’returnedoff,turnoffthesepowerstripsatnighttocompletelycutoffenergyuse.Ifyouneedtoleaveyourcomputer,orTVon,trysettingittosleepmodeinsteadofsimplyleavingiton.

Usingpublictransportation.3Keepingcarsofftheroadinrushhourscanalsoimprovetheairquality.Ifyoudoneedtodrivesomewhere,askfriendsifthey’dliketocarpool(拼車),sofewercarsareontheroad.

4

Saynotounnecessaryplasticstraws,lids,andbagsandstopusingplasticwrapandplasticcontainersforfoodstorage.Instead,youcanusereusablewaterbottlesmadeofsustainablemateriallikeglass,bamboo,andceramic.Consideringgrowingaplant.Theyaddmoreoxygentotheair,whichmeansalesspollutedair.Ifyoudon