制度主義的環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)：概念和理論框架

（云南大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院，云南昆明關(guān)鍵詞：制度主義環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)共同進(jìn)化的可持續(xù)性原則社會(huì)成本 自19世紀(jì)末、20二者統(tǒng)稱為制度主義）始終強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的目的應(yīng)該是保持人類生命的連續(xù)性（Ayres1944;19791944Swaney（olitc）和有機(jī)的方法，認(rèn)學(xué)被視為以通過制度調(diào)整來改善經(jīng)濟(jì)功能為目標(biāo)的、實(shí)用主義的、進(jìn)化的和政策的科學(xué)”p.533tradition（一）的發(fā)展觀是一致的。在制度主義者中，艾爾斯（ClarenceE.Ayres）明確地概括了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展（1）（2）（3）（4）（Ayres1944。艾爾斯的發(fā)展原則經(jīng)庫茲涅茨（SimonKuznets）的經(jīng)濟(jì)研究而得到了擴(kuò)展。庫茲涅茨（Kuznetsp.249（二）平。圖爾（MarcR.Tool）歸納的“社會(huì)價(jià)值原則”很好地闡述了制度主義者所強(qiáng)調(diào)的發(fā)展（Toolp.299（criterion續(xù)性才能得到保障（Tool1979。（三）展觀中推導(dǎo)出了制度調(diào)整的普遍性原則：共同進(jìn)化的可持續(xù)性原則（principleofcoevolutionarysustainability。這個(gè)原則指的是“應(yīng)該避免那些對社會(huì)系統(tǒng)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)化中持續(xù)的兼容性造成嚴(yán)重的威脅的發(fā)展路徑或者知識(shí)的運(yùn)用方式”（Swaney1987,p.1750（一）自凡勃倫以來，制度主義者始終認(rèn)為制度是技術(shù)進(jìn)步從而經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的阻力。2060（Foster1981;1979題的根源在于市場體制（Swaney1986，這一點(diǎn)我們將在后面詳細(xì)論述。（二）把資源定義為一種可以完成某一事情或者實(shí)現(xiàn)某種物質(zhì)的功能（Swaney1987。這些功能。在這方面，制度主義者吸收了生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)。生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家皮爾斯（DW.1987（1）（2）（3（sink（Kapp1950,p.14。成本轉(zhuǎn)移（g）（app15,.vi（三）1自然環(huán)境與人類社會(huì)維持服務(wù)，F(xiàn)E則表示企業(yè)的消耗物向環(huán)境的排放，這是環(huán)境的另一部分收容器功能。企業(yè)與家庭之間的箭頭分別表示企業(yè)向家庭提供商品和服務(wù)（FH）（HF（1）（2）1981（ceremonialencapsulation（progressivechange度調(diào)整得以完成（Bush1983,1986,1987。（instrumental-（instrumental-（ceremonial-些既約束社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展，又傷害生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的行為則是“儀式退化的”,3991992社會(huì)來定義的。環(huán)境問題和環(huán)境變化規(guī)定了產(chǎn)權(quán)的變化。其次，按照布羅姆利（DanielW.1978ABP-AL-B（Bromley1978。（Swaney1986,p.399。Ayres,ClarenceE.(1944)TheTheoryofEconomicProgress:AStudyoftheFundamentalsofEconomicDevelopmentandCulturalChange[M].Michigan:NewIssuesPress,WesternMichiganUniversity,1978.Bromley,DanielW.(1978)PropertyRules,LiabilityRules,andEnvironmentalEconomics[J],ofEconomicIssues,Vol.12,No.1(Mar.):43-Bush,PaulD.(1983)AnExplorationoftheStructuralCharacteristicsofaVeblen-Ayres-FosterDefinedInstitutionalDomain[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.19,No.1(Mar.):35-66. (1986)OntheConceptofCeremonialEncapsulation,ReviewofInstitutionalThoughtVol.3,No.4(Dec.):25-45. (1987)TheTheoryofInstitutionalChange,JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.21,No.3(Sep.):Dietz,FrankJ.andJanVanDerStraaten(1992)RethinkingEnvironmentalEconomics:MissingLinksBetweenEconomicTheoryandEnvironmentalPolicy[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.26,No.1(Mar.):Foster,J.Fagg(1981)Foster’sPapers[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,14,4(Dec.),pp.857-1007.[6]Kapp,K.William(1950)TheSocialCostsofPrivateEnterprise[M].NewYork:SchockenBooks.[7]Kuznets,Simon(1973)ModernEconomicGrowth:FindingsandReflections[J],AmericanEconomicReview,Vol.63,No.2(Jun.):247-58.[8]O’Hara,PhilipA.(ed.)(1999)EncyclopediaofPoliticalEconomy[M],Vol.1.London:Routledge,1999.[9]S?derbaum,Peter(1993)Values,Markets,andEnvironmentalPolicy:AnActor-NetworkApproach[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.27,No.2(Jun.):387-409.Street,JamesH.(1987)TheInstitutionalistTheoryofEconomicDevelopment[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.21,No.4(Dec.):1861-87.Swaney,JamesA.(1986)ACoevolutionaryModelofStructuralChange[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.20,No.2(Jun.):394-401. (1987)ElementsofaNeoinstitutionalistEnvironmentalEconomics[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.21,No.4(Dec.):1739-79.Swaney,JamesA.andMartinA.Evers(1989)TheSocialCostConceptsofK.WilliamKappandKarlPolanyi[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.23,No.1(Mar.):7-33.Tool,MarcR.(1979)TheDiscretionaryEconomy:ANormativeTheoryofPoliticalEconomy[M].California:GoodyearPublishingCompany,Inc.Underwood,DanielA.(1998)TheInstitutionalOriginsofCrisesforEconomyandEcology[J],JournalofEconomicIssues,Vol.32,No.2(Jun.):513-22.Veblen,ThorsteinB.(1914)TheInstinctofWorkmanship,reprintedbyLondon:Routledge,TheEnvironmentalEconomicsofInstitutionalism:ConceptsZhang(SchoolofEconomics,YunnanUniversity,Kunming,Abstract:Inthearticle,theauthorabstractssomeprincipleconceptsofinstitutionalistenvironmentaleconomicsfrominstitutionalisttheorysystemandenvironmentalargumentsofinstitutionalists.Thepaperconstructsafundamentalframeworkofinstitutionalistenvironmentaleconomicsbasedontheseconceptsandelementsofinstitutionalism.Theauthor,bycomparingneoclassicaltoinstitutionalistenviron