浙江省9+1高中聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題 含解析

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期浙江省9+1高中聯(lián)盟高一年級期中考試英語考生須知：1.本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘；2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并核對條形碼信息；3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效，考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷；4.參加聯(lián)批學(xué)校的學(xué)生可關(guān)注“啟望教育”公眾號查詢個人成績分析。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMarkdo?A.Cancelhisvacation.B.Bookahotelroom.C.Stayinafriend’shouse2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Authorandreader.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Motherandson3.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutchangingtheoil?A.It'squick.B.It'scheap.C.It’smessy4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Homework.B.Clubs.C.Weekendactivities5.WhydoesSusanlovereadingfashionmagazines?A.Shereadsthemforfun.B.Shereadsthemforherwork.C.Shereadsthemforherstudy.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowmanysubjectsdidthemanbeginwithintheUK?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.7.WhydoesthemanliketolearnSpanish?A.HelikesSpanishculture.B.HewantstoworkinSouthAmerica.C.Hethinksitwouldbemoreuseful.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whenshouldthewomanhandinherreport?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.NextMonday.9.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedo?A.Improvethereport.B.DiscusswithMs.Jenkins.C.Leavethereportwithhim.10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Inahospital.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Arestaurant.B.Agym.C.Ahotel.12.Howmuchwillthemanpayamonthatthenewgym?A.￡22.50.B.￡30.C.￡20.13.Whatisabenefitofthenewgym?A.Afreebreakfast.B.Aviewofthebridge.C.Adiscountatthehotel.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whattypeofjacketisthemanlookingfor?A.Asmartjacket.B.Aformaljacket.C.Arainjacket.15.Inwhichcountryisthemanstayingnow?A.America.B.Canada.C.England.16.Whatcolorjacketwillthemantake?A.Blue.B.Black.C.Grey.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthespeakerdecidetochangehiseatinghabits?A.Tokeepfit.B.Tosavemoney.C.Towinagame.18.Howoftendidthespeakerusetohavefastfood?A.Everyday.B.Fivetimesaweek.C.Fourtimesaweek.19.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallydrinkinarestaurantnow?A.Water.B.Coke.C.Coffee.20.Whathelpsthespeakereathealthily?A.Eatinglessatmealtimes.B.Makingplansforeachmeal.C.Shoppingforgroceriesdaily.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AVarioussportsattractfansfordifferentreasons:Spectatorsportsdrawevenmorefanswhojustlovetowatch.Herearesomeofthemostbelovedsportsworldwide.Hockey-2billionfansHockey,bothoniceandonafield,winsafollowingoftwobillionenthusiasticfansworldwide.FieldhockeyismainlyplayedinEurope,Africa,Asia,andAustralia,whileicehockeyisparticularlypopularinCanadaandtheUS,wherekidsgrowupplayingpondhockey.Unlikeicehockey,fieldhockeyusuallydoesnotinvolvebodycontactintheformofcheckingandhitting.Football-4billionfansFootball,betterknownassoccerintheUS,isbyfarthemostpopularsportintheworld.Expertsestimatethattheorigin(起源)offootballmaygoasfarbackastwothousandyears,beginninginancientChinaduringtheHanDynasty.Onemajorreasonforfootball’sglobalpopularityisthatunlikeothersportsthatrequireexpensiveequipment,allyouneedtoplayfootballisaballandyourfeet.Volleyball-900millionfansVolleyballpitstwoteamsacrossahighnet,eachattemptingtosmashtheballontotheopponent’sfloor.Apopularvariant,beachvolleyball,iscompetedonsandbypairsratherthantheregularsixplayersperteam.Thecrowdappealofbeachvolleyballhasgrowngreatlyinrecentyears.Tennis-1billionfansAnestimatedonebillionpeopleworldwidefollowprofessionaltennistournamentsandmatches.Intennis,playersonbothsidesofanettrytohitaballwitharacketsothatiteithergoespasttheiropponent(對手)orbouncestwiceontheiropponent’ssideofthecourttoscorepoints.TennissuperstarslikeRafaelNadal,andSerenaWilliamsarenowhouseholdnamesaroundtheworld,withhugeinternationalfanbases.1.Whichsportattractsthemostfansaccordingtothetext?A.Volleyball. B.Hockey. C.Football. D.Tennis.2.Whatmakesfootballpopularallovertheworld?A.Itslonghistory. B.Itsgreatconvenience.C.Itsuniqueorigin. D.Itshugefanbases.3.Whichstatementaboutthefoursportsistrue?A.Playingicehockeyinvolvesbodycontact.BSoccerisAmericanpeople'sfavoritesport.C.Beachvolleyballhasattractedthemostsportsfansrecently.D.Atennisplayerlosesonepointifhisballgoespasthisopponent.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了世界上最受歡迎的幾項運(yùn)動?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Football-4billionfans下的“Football,betterknownassoccerintheUS,isbyfarthemostpopularsportintheworld.(足球，在美國被稱為soccer，是迄今為止世界上最受歡迎的運(yùn)動)”可知，足球最吸引球迷。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Football-4billionfans下的“Onemajorreasonforfootball’sglobalpopularityisthatunlikeothersportsthatrequireexpensiveequipment,allyouneedtoplayfootballisaballandyourfeet.(球在全球受歡迎的一個主要原因是，與其他需要昂貴裝備的運(yùn)動不同，踢足球只需要一個球和你的腳)”可知，非常方便讓足球風(fēng)靡全球。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Hockey-2billionfans下的“Unlikeicehockey,fieldhockeyusuallydoesnotinvolvebodycontactintheformofcheckingandhitting.(與冰上曲棍球不同的是，場地曲棍球通常不涉及身體接觸，比如檢查和擊球)”可知，冰上曲棍球需要身體接觸，所以A項陳述正確。故選A項。BIn1867,CarolineShawkBrooksandherhusband,Samuel,hadafarminArkansas.Lifeonthefarmwasnoteasy.Fromsunrisetosunset,CarolineandSamuelmilkedcows,gardened,andpickedcotton.ThisleftCarolinenotimeforherdreamofbecominganartist.Timewasnottheonlyproblem.Moneywasaworrytoo.Thecottoncropswerefailing.WhatcouldCarolineandSamueldo?Carolinedecidedtomakebutter(黃油)fromtheircows’milkandsellitatmarket.Butotherfarmsalsomadeandsoldbutter.HowwouldCarolinesetherbutterapartfromtherest?ThisiswhereCaroline’sartistictalentcamein.Todrawattentiontoherbutter,shebeganmakingsmallbuttersculptures(雕塑).Sheusedmanydifferenttools,suchasbutterpaddles(攪拌器的漿葉),broomstraws,andtreesticks.Shealsoputthebutterinashallowtinpan,whichsatinalargertinpanfilledwithicetostopthebuttersculpturefrommelting.Caroline’sbuttersculptureswereahit.Beforelong,shewasdisplayingthematfairsandexhibitions.Oneofherlargestbuttersculptureswasalife-sizestatuecalledAStudyinButter.ItwastransportedallthewaytoParisforthe1878world’sfair.Carolinealsomadesculpturesusingmarble(大理石).SheeventuallyopenedastudioinNewYorkCitywhereshecreatedmanymarblesculptures,someofwhichwereshownatthe1893world’sfairinChicago.ButCarolineneverstoppedmakingbutterart.Sheconsideredbutterasuperiormaterialtoworkwith.Atthe1893fair,shealsodisplayedherbuttertechniqueswithasculptureofChristopherColumbus.CarolineShawkBrooksdiedinSt.Louis,Missouri,in1913.SheisrememberedasthefirstknownAmericanbuttersculptor.4.WhydidCarolinemakebuttersculptures?A.Torealizeherdream. B.Tomakeherbutterstandout.C.Tomakeherfarmfamous. D.Todisplayhersculpturesatthefair.5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarolineandhersculptures?A.Carolinemadeherartworksallbymachine.B.Thesculptureswereallmadefromcow'smilk.C.Icewasusedtokeepthebuttersculpturesinshape.D.Carolinestoppedmakingsculpturesafterbeingworld-famous.6.WhichwordsbestdescribeCaroline?A.Talentedandsuccessful. B.Confidentandcaring.C.Creativeandrich. D.Braveandfamous.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AFarmingPioneer. B.AGreatSculptor.C.TheButterSculptures. D.TheButterArtist.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。本文講述了CarolineShawkBrooks是美國第一位黃油雕塑家，她在農(nóng)場生活中發(fā)展了她的藝術(shù)才能，并在展覽會和世界博覽會上展示了她的作品?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Carolinedecidedtomakebutter(黃油)fromtheircows’milkandsellitatmarket.Butotherfarmsalsomadeandsoldbutter.HowwouldCarolinesetherbutterapartfromtherest?ThisiswhereCaroline’sartistictalentcamein.Todrawattentiontoherbutter,shebeganmakingsmallbuttersculptures(雕塑).(卡洛琳決定用他們家的牛奶制作黃油，并在市場上出售。但其他農(nóng)場也生產(chǎn)和銷售黃油?？辶帐窃趺窗阉狞S油和其他的區(qū)別開來的?卡洛琳的藝術(shù)天賦就在這里發(fā)揮了。為了吸引人們對她的黃油的關(guān)注，她開始制作小型黃油雕塑)”可知，卡洛琳做黃油雕塑是為了讓她的黃油在市場上脫穎而出。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sheusedmanydifferenttools,suchasbutterpaddles(攪拌器的漿葉),broomstraws,andtreesticks.Shealsoputthebutterinashallowtinpan,whichsatinalargertinpanfilledwithicetostopthebuttersculpturefrommelting.(她使用了許多不同的工具，比如黃油槳、掃帚稈和樹枝。她還把黃油放在一個淺錫鍋里，淺錫鍋放在一個更大的裝滿冰的錫鍋里，以防止黃油雕塑融化)”可知，冰被用來保持黃油雕塑的形狀。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Caroline’sbuttersculptureswereahit.Beforelong,shewasdisplayingthematfairsandexhibitions.Oneofherlargestbuttersculptureswasalife-sizestatuecalledAStudyinButter.ItwastransportedallthewaytoParisforthe1878world’sfair.(卡洛琳的黃油雕塑很受歡迎。沒過多久，她就在集市和展覽會上展出了。她最大的黃油雕塑之一是真人大小的雕像，名為《黃油的研究》。它被一路運(yùn)到巴黎參加1878年的世界博覽會)”以及第五段“Carolinealsomadesculpturesusingmarble(大理石).SheeventuallyopenedastudioinNewYorkCitywhereshecreatedmanymarblesculptures,someofwhichwereshownatthe1893world’sfairinChicago.(卡洛琳還用大理石做雕塑。她最終在紐約開了一家工作室，在那里她創(chuàng)作了許多大理石雕塑，其中一些在1893年芝加哥世界博覽會上展出)”以及最后一段“SheisrememberedasthefirstknownAmericanbuttersculptor.(她被認(rèn)為是美國第一個著名的黃油雕刻家)”可知，卡羅琳能用黃油和大理石進(jìn)行雕刻，且被廣泛認(rèn)可，所以是有才華的且成功的。故選A項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ButCarolineneverstoppedmakingbutterart.Sheconsideredbutterasuperiormaterialtoworkwith.Atthe1893fair,shealsodisplayedherbuttertechniqueswithasculptureofChristopherColumbus.(但卡洛琳從未停止制作黃油藝術(shù)品。她認(rèn)為黃油是一種絕好的材料。在1893年的博覽會上，她還用克里斯托弗·哥倫布的雕塑展示了她的黃油技術(shù))”以及最后一段“CarolineShawkBrooksdiedinSt.Louis,Missouri,in1913.SheisrememberedasthefirstknownAmericanbuttersculptor.(卡洛琳·肖克·布魯克斯于1913年在密蘇里州的圣路易斯去世。她被認(rèn)為是美國第一個著名的黃油雕刻家)”縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了CarolineShawkBrooks是美國第一位黃油雕塑家，她在農(nóng)場生活中發(fā)展了她的藝術(shù)才能，并在展覽會和世界博覽會上展示了她的作品，所以D項“TheButterArtist.(黃油藝術(shù)家)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項。CWe’reallfamiliarwiththefeeling--itusuallystartswithalittleitch(癢)deepinsidethenose.Nextcomestheawarenessthatit’sgoingtohappen.Then,achoo!Aireruptsoutofournoseatanastonishing100milesperhour,burstingoutwhateverwascausingtheitch.Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(噴嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn’tcloseoureyes,theycouldpopout.Fordecades,countlesspeoplehavetestedthetheory.Uponfindingitalmostimpossibletokeeptheireyesopenwhilesneezing,manyhaveconcludedthatthetheorymustbetrue.Ifyoutryityourself,thechancesarethatyoureyesarestillwheretheybelong.That’sbecausetheyareheldfirmlybythemusclesintheeyes.Furthermore,increasedpressurefromsneezingactuallybuildsupinthebloodvessels(血管),whichmaycausevesselstobreakbutislesslikelytocausetheeyeballstopopout.Whydidthistheorystart,anyway?Somesaythatitallbeganin1882,whentheNewYorkTimesreportedanincidentofawomanwhoburstoneofhereyeballsduringasuddensneeze.Otherspointatthefactthatdifferenthigh-pressureexperiences,suchaschildbirth,cancausebloodvesselsintheeyestopop.Stillotherssaythatclosingoureyeswhenwesneezeshowsthetheoryistrue.Scientists,ontheotherhand,explainthatwecloseoureyesforthesamereasonwesneeze--topreventunwantedthingsfromenteringourbodies.Eitherway,asfarasweknow,therearenoactualrecordedcasesofanyonelosinganeyeballbecauseofasneeze,sodon’tloseanysleepoverit!8.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph1?A.Thecauseofasneeze.B.Thedangerofsneezing.C.Theimportanceofasneeze.D.Theexperienceofsneezing.9.Whywon’teyeballspopoutwhilepeoplearesneezing?A.Becausetheyarefixedfirmlyintheeyes.B.Becausehighpressurebuildsupintheeyes.C.Becausetheyareheldstronglybybloodvessels.D.Becauseincreasedpressurepreventsthemfrompoppingout.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sneezesusuallycauseanitchynose.B.Peoplesneezetoburstoutunwantedthings.C.Thehighpressurecausedbyasneezewillbereleasedthroughbreathing.D.Peopleclosetheireyeswhensneezingtostoptheireyeballsfrompoppingout.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Abiologytextbook.C.Aguidebook. D.Amagazine.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。打噴嚏產(chǎn)生的高壓讓一些人認(rèn)為，如果我們不閉上眼睛，它們就會彈出來，文章用一些研究來表明沒有任何實際的記錄顯示有人因為打噴嚏而失去了一個眼球，所以我們對此不用擔(dān)心?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“We’reallfamiliarwiththefeeling--itusuallystartswithalittleitch(癢)deepinsidethenose.Nextcomestheawarenessthatit'sgoingtohappen.Then,achoo!Aireruptsoutofournoseatanastonishing100milesperhour,burstingoutwhateverwascausingtheitch.Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(噴嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn'tcloseoureyes,theycouldpopout.(我們都很熟悉這種感覺——通常開始于鼻子深處有點(diǎn)癢。接下來是意識到它將要發(fā)生。然后，阿嚏！空氣以驚人的每小時100英里的速度從我們的鼻子噴出，噴出引起瘙癢的任何東西。打噴嚏產(chǎn)生的高壓讓一些人認(rèn)為，如果我們不閉上眼睛，它們就會彈出來。)”可知，第一段主要介紹了打噴嚏的經(jīng)歷，故選D。9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifyoutryityourself,thechancesarethatyoureyesarestillwheretheybelong.That’sbecausetheyareheldfirmlybythemusclesintheeyes.(如果你自己試試，很可能你的眼睛還在它們該在的地方。那是因為它們被眼睛里的肌肉牢牢地抓住了。)”可知，人們打噴嚏時眼球不會突出來是因為它們牢牢地固定在眼睛里。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Scientists,ontheotherhand,explainthatwecloseoureyesforthesamereasonwesneeze--topreventunwantedthingsfromenteringourbodies.(另一方面，科學(xué)家解釋說，我們閉上眼睛的原因和打噴嚏的原因一樣——是為了防止不想要的東西進(jìn)入我們的身體。)”可知，人們打噴嚏是為了防止不想要的東西進(jìn)入我們的身體，由此可推知，人們打噴嚏是為了噴出不想要的東西。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(噴嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn’tcloseoureyes,theycouldpopout.(打噴嚏產(chǎn)生的高壓讓一些人認(rèn)為，如果我們不閉上眼睛，它們就會彈出來。)”和最后一段中“Eitherway,asfarasweknow,therearenoactualrecordedcasesofanyonelosinganeyeballbecauseofasneeze,sodon’tloseanysleepoverit!(不管怎樣，據(jù)我們所知，沒有任何實際的記錄顯示有人因為打噴嚏而失去了一個眼球，所以不要因此而失眠！)”可知，打噴嚏產(chǎn)生的高壓讓一些人認(rèn)為，如果我們不閉上眼睛，它們就會彈出來，文章用一些研究來表明沒有任何實際的記錄顯示有人因為打噴嚏而失去了一個眼球，所以我們對此不用擔(dān)心。結(jié)合選項“A.Aresearchpaper.(一篇研究論文)；B.Abiologytextbook.(生物教科書)；C.Aguidebook.(一本旅游指南)；D.Amagazine.(一本雜志)”可知，本文屬于科普類知識，最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上，故選D。DIt’s1:45a.m,and21-year-oldThomasMurphyisstudyingforanimportantexam.Tostayawake,he’shadtwocupsofcoffeeinthelastthreehoursandisnowdowningapopularenergydrinkwhichalsohascaffeine.Caffeineispresentinmanyofthefoodsanddrinksweconsume(消耗),butisitgoodforus?CharlesCzeisler,ascientistandsleepexpertatHarvardMedicalSchool,believesthatcaffeinecausesustolosesleep.“Withoutenoughsleep—thetypicaleighthours-thehumanbodywillnotworkatitsbest,physically,mentally,oremotionally.”Toooften,Czeislersays,weconsumecaffeinetostayawake,whichlatermakesitimpossibleforustogettherestweneed.Anumberofscientistsbelievethatregularcaffeineusecausesphysicaldependence.Heavycaffeineusersshowsimilarbehaviors.Forexample,theygetmildtosevereheadaches,ortheyfeeltiredorsadwhentheycan’thaveacaffeinateddrink.Toreduceorstopthesefeelings,usersmustconsumecaffeine,whichischaracteristicofdrugaddiction.Despitetheseconcerns,thegeneralopinioninthescientificfieldisthatcaffeineisnotdangerouswhenoneortwosmallcupsofcoffeeperdayareconsumed.Furthermore,alotofcurrentresearchgoesagainstlong-heldnegativebeliefsaboutcaffeine,andsuggeststhatitmay,infact,havehealthbenefits.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcaffeinecanhelpeasepainandhelpimproveone’smood.Researchhasalsoshownthatsomecaffeinateddrinkscanhelpthebodyfightanumberofillnesses,includingcertaintypesofcancer.Caffeine’sbehavioraleffectsarereal,butmostoftenmild.Gettingthatburstofenergy,ofcourse,iswhymanyoftheworld’smostpopulardrinkscontaincaffeine.Whetherit’sastudentdrinkingcoffeebeforeclassorabusinesspersonenjoyingteawithlunch,humankind’sfavoritestimulant(興奮劑)isatworkeveryday,allovertheworld.12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“downing”inparagraph1?A.Holding. B.Decreasing. C.Drinking. D.Waking.13.WhichstatementwouldsleepexpertCharlesCzeislerprobablyagreewith?A.Thetypeofcaffeinewillaffectpeople’ssleep.B.Heavycaffeineconsumptionwillcausedrugaddiction.C.It’sagoodideatoconsumecaffeineifpeoplewanttostayenergetic.D.Regularcaffeineusewillmakeitdifficultforpeopletogetenoughsleep.14.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Therisksofcaffeineintake. B.Theeffectsofconsumingcaffeine.C.Healthyandunhealthycaffeineproducts. D.Recentchangesincaffeineconsumption.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscaffeineconsumption?A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了咖啡因在世界各地受到歡迎，然而很多人對于咖啡因是否有副作用持有懷疑態(tài)度，但是適量飲用還是會帶給人們一定的好處?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Tostayawake,he’shadtwocupsofcoffeeinthelastthreehoursandisnow”以及后文“apopularenergydrinkwhichalsohascaffeine”可知，托馬斯·墨菲在過去的三個小時里喝了兩杯咖啡，現(xiàn)在正在喝一種很受歡迎的能量飲料，其中也含有咖啡因。故劃線詞意思是“喝”。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Toooften,Czeislersays,weconsumecaffeinetostayawake,whichlatermakesitimpossibleforustogettherestweneed.(Czeisler說，我們經(jīng)常攝入咖啡因來保持清醒，這使得我們無法得到所需的休息)”可知，睡眠專家CharlesCzeisler可能會同意經(jīng)常攝入咖啡因會使人們難以獲得足夠的睡眠。故選D。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“butisitgoodforus?(但這對我們有好處嗎?)”和倒數(shù)第二段“

Furthermore,alotofcurrentresearchgoesagainstlong-heldnegativebeliefsaboutcaffeine,andsuggeststhatitmay,infact,havehealthbenefits.

(此外，目前的許多研究都反駁了長期以來人們對咖啡因的負(fù)面看法，并表明它實際上可能對健康有益。)”結(jié)合文章可知，本文主要講述了咖啡因在世界各地受到歡迎，然而很多人對于咖啡因是否有副作用持有懷疑態(tài)度，但是適量飲用還會帶給人們一定的好處?？芍@篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是攝入咖啡因的影響。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Anumberofscientistsbelievethatregularcaffeineusecausesphysicaldependence.(許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，經(jīng)常攝入咖啡因會導(dǎo)致身體依賴)”；第四段“Despitetheseconcerns,thegeneralopinioninthescientificfieldisthatcaffeineisnotdangerouswhenoneortwosmallcupsofcoffeeperdayareconsumed.(盡管存在這些擔(dān)憂，但科學(xué)界的普遍觀點(diǎn)是，每天喝一到兩小杯咖啡，咖啡因是沒有危險的)”以及最后一段“Caffeine’sbehavioraleffectsarereal,butmostoftenmild.(咖啡因?qū)π袨榈挠绊懯钦鎸嵉?，但大多?shù)情況下是溫和的)”可推知，作者主要引用了科學(xué)家等專業(yè)人士對咖啡因攝入的看法和研究，且提到了咖啡因大多數(shù)情況下是溫和的，故作者對咖啡因攝入的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Becomingasuperlearnerisoneofthemostimportantskillsyouneedtosucceedinthe21stcentury.Intheageoftechnologicalchange,stayingaheaddependsoncontinualself-education-alifelongmasteryofnewskills,andideas.____16____Superlearnersreadalot.Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.Itgivesusthefreedomtotravelthroughspaceandtime,andoffersadeeperviewofideasandknowledge.Infact,manyofthemostsuccessfulpeoplesharethisappreciationforreading.____17____Superlearnersviewlearningasaprocess.Learningisajourney,adiscoveryofnewknowledge,notadestination.It'sanenjoyablelifelongprocessthatsuperlearnersvalue.____18____Instead,theykeepmasteringnewprinciples,processes,worldviews,thinkingmodels,etc.The“ongoingandself-motivatedpursuitofknowledgeisimportantfortheirgrowth.____19____Keepingyourbrainhealthykeepsitsharp.Whatyoudoordon'tdoforyourbraincansignificantlychangehowyourecordandprocessinformation.Everyonewantstoliveanactivelifeforaslongaspossible,whichdependsonbrainhealth.Fruit,vegetablesandproteinfromfishcanslowthedeclineandprotectahealthybrain.Superlearnerstakeshortbreaks,earlyandoften.Accordingtorecentresearch,takingshortbreaks,carlyandoften,islikelytohelpyoulearnthingsbetter.____20____“Anythinglessthan30isjustnotenough,butanythingmorethan50istoomuchinformationforyourbraintotakeinatonetime,”theysay.A.Theydon'thaveanendgoal.B.Superlearnershaveagrowthmindset.C.Superlearnerstakecareoftheirbrains.D.Expertsrecommend30-50minutessessions.E.Betterlearingapproachescanmakethelearningprocessenjoyable.F.Ifyouaimtolearnanewskill,someofthesehabitscanbeusefulforyou.G.ElonMuskgrewupreadingtwobooksaday,andBillGatesreads50booksperyear.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法以幫助我們成為一個超級學(xué)習(xí)者?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Becomingasuperlearnerisoneofthemostimportantskillsyouneedtosucceedinthe21stcentury.Intheageoftechnologicalchange,stayingaheaddependsoncontinualself-education-alifelongmasteryofnewskills,andideas.(要想在21世紀(jì)取得成功，成為一個超級學(xué)習(xí)者是最重要的技能之一。在技術(shù)變革的時代，保持領(lǐng)先取決于持續(xù)的自我教育——終身掌握新技能和新思想。)”可知，上文講述的是成為一個超級學(xué)習(xí)者是很有必要的。而下文則介紹了如何成為一名超級學(xué)習(xí)者。選項F“Ifyouaimtolearnanewskill,someofthesehabitscanbeusefulforyou.(如果你的目標(biāo)是學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能，其中一些習(xí)慣可能對你有用。)”承上啟下，自然引出下文的好習(xí)慣。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Infact,manyofthemostsuccessfulpeoplesharethisappreciationforreading.(事實上，許多最成功的人都喜歡閱讀。)”可知，許多成功人士都喜歡閱讀。選項G“ElonMuskgrewupreadingtwobooksaday,andBillGatesreads50booksperyear.(伊隆·馬斯克從小每天讀兩本書，比爾·蓋茨每年讀50本書。)”則舉了兩個名人的例子說明名人喜歡閱讀。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Instead,theykeepmasteringnewprinciples,processes,worldviews,thinkingmodels,etc.The“ongoingandself-motivatedpursuitofknowledgeisimportantfortheirgrowth.(相反，他們不斷掌握新原則、流程、世界觀、思維模式等。對知識的持續(xù)和自我激勵的追求對他們的成長很重要。)”中的“instead”可推斷，空處內(nèi)容和下文內(nèi)容有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文講述的是超級學(xué)習(xí)者不斷學(xué)習(xí)，不斷成長。選項A“Theydon'thaveanendgoal.(他們沒有最終目標(biāo)。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是他們會不斷進(jìn)步，不斷學(xué)習(xí)，不斷成長。故選A?！?9題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Keepingyourbrainhealthykeepsitsharp.Whatyoudoordon'tdoforyourbraincansignificantlychangehowyourecordandprocessinformation.Everyonewantstoliveanactivelifeforaslongaspossible,whichdependsonbrainhealth.Fruit,vegetablesandproteinfromfishcanslowthedeclineandprotectahealthybrain.(保持大腦健康能讓它保持敏銳。你為大腦做什么或不做什么會顯著改變你記錄和處理信息的方式。每個人都希望盡可能長時間地活躍，這取決于大腦的健康。水果、蔬菜和魚類中的蛋白質(zhì)可以減緩衰退，保護(hù)健康的大腦。)”可知，本段主要講述的是要保持大腦健康。選項C“Superlearnerstakecareoftheirbrains.(超級學(xué)習(xí)者照顧他們的大腦。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是要照顧好大腦，保持大腦健康。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Accordingtorecentresearch,takingshortbreaks,earlyandoften,islikelytohelpyoulearnthingsbetter.(根據(jù)最近的研究，盡早和經(jīng)常休息一會兒，可能會幫助你更好地學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，作者建議要盡早，經(jīng)常休息。選項D“Expertsrecommend30-50minutessessions.(專家建議每次30-50分鐘。)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是學(xué)習(xí)的時候要注意休息，同時內(nèi)容上“30-50分鐘”與下文““Anythinglessthan30isjustnotenough,butanythingmorethan50istoomuchinformationforyourbraintotakeinatonetime,”theysay.(他們說：“任何少于30的學(xué)習(xí)都是不夠的，但超過50的學(xué)習(xí)對你的大腦來說一次吸收的信息太多了。”)”保持一致。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AfteraninjurywashedupMarinaMurphy’scareerasadancer,shewantedtoachievesomethingdifferent.Shesether___21___ongoingtoAmericafromIreland.Shebelievedthattheworldwouldbeherstage,whereshecoulddoanythingshewanted.Shewouldhave___22___thatshewouldn’thaveanywhereelse.Fullof___23___,Marinapackedherthings,saidhergoodbyesandsetsailfortheUnitedStates.Alongtheway,Marinadaydreamedabouttheadventure.She___24___herselfmakinganentryintoHollywoodasamoviestar.However,herearlyexperiencesintheU.S.provedtobe___25___.Shespentverylittlemoneyandworkedseveralpart-timejobs.Additionally,shewas___26___asanactressformanytimes.Withsomuchfailure,shebegantowonderifshehadmadea___27___.Feeling___28___,Marinasatonaparkbenchcrying.Hersituationwas___29___likeherdreams.Itwasthenthatanelderlymannoticedherand____30____Marinanottogiveupjustyet.“Don’tjumpshipyet.Giveyourselfmoretimetoseeifyouwillsinkorswim.Ibelievethatthingswillgetbetter,"hesaid.Hiswordsworked.Marina____31____totestthewatersforayeartoseeifthingswould____32____.____33____，Marinadiscoveredthatsheeffortlessly____34____lifeinAmericaoverthecourseofthatyear.Theoldmanhadbeenright.Bypersevering(堅持)throughdifficulttimes,shefinallyfoundthehappinessand____35____shehadbeenlookingfor.21.A.feet B.sights C.adventure D.strategy22.A.chances B.jobs C.goals D.champions23.A.curiosity B.energy C.power D.hope24.A.pictured B.found C.enjoyed D.watched25.A.smooth B.different C.difficult D.pleasant26.A.turneddown B.turnedover C.takendown D.takenover27.A.difference B.mistake C.start D.change28.A.annoyed B.nervous C.sad D.confused29.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything30.A.lectured B.promised C.encouraged D.forced31.A.asked B.refused C.decided D.managed32.A.improve B.survive C.exchange D.revive33.A.Immediately B.Naturally C.Certainly D.Surprisingly34.A.focusedon B.adaptedto C.dependedon D.turnedto35.A.kindness B.courage C.truth D.success【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.C29.B30.C31.C32.A33.D34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了MarinaMurphy在受傷后結(jié)束舞蹈生涯，前往美國追求新生活。經(jīng)歷困難和失敗后，一個老人鼓勵她不放棄，最終她適應(yīng)了美國生活并找到了幸福和成功?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打算從愛爾蘭去美國。A.feet腳；B.sights景物；C.adventure冒險；D.strategy策略。根據(jù)下文“Shebelievedthattheworldwouldbeherstage,whereshecoulddoanythingshewanted.”可知，她覺得在美國自己會有成功的機(jī)會。因此，她渴望能夠去美國。短語：setsightson，意為“渴望……、想要……”，符合句意。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她將擁有在其他地方都沒有的機(jī)會。A.chances機(jī)會；B.jobs工作；C.goals目標(biāo)；D.champions冠軍。根據(jù)上文“Shebelievedthattheworldwouldbeherstage,whereshecoulddoanythingshewanted.”可知，她覺得自己在美國會有機(jī)會成功，所以她是覺得在美國她將擁有在其他地方都沒有的機(jī)會。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Marina滿懷希望，收拾好行李，告別，啟程前往美國。A.curiosity好奇心；B.energy能量；C.power力量、權(quán)力；D.hope希望。根據(jù)上文“Shebelievedthattheworldwouldbeherstage,whereshecoulddoanythingshewanted.”以及下文“Alongtheway,Marinadaydreamedabouttheadventure.”可知，此時的Marina是對自己的未來充滿了希望。故選D。24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她想象自己能以電影明星的身份進(jìn)入好萊塢。A.pictured畫、想象；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.enjoyed喜歡；D.watched看。根據(jù)上文“Alongtheway,Marinadaydreamedabouttheadventure.”可知，這些都是她想象出來的。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她在美國的早期經(jīng)歷被證明是困難的。A.smooth平穩(wěn)的；B.different不同的；C.difficult困難的；D.p