廣東高考英語復習系列語法填空考點概括及習題

語法填空考點概括及習題考點1.動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)(1).Thesunwassettingdownwhenmycar______(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.(07廣東)(broke)(2).Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.（08廣東）(results)(3).Peoplesteppedonyourfeetor______(push)youwiththeirelbows.（09廣東）(pushed)(4).“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane________(inform).（09廣東）(wasinformed)(5).Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman______(present)thewatertotheoldman.（10廣東）(presented)(6).He______(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.（11廣東）（waspretending）小結(jié)：動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)是每年的考點，也是歷年高考重點考查的項目，通常1-2道題。重點考查的是時態(tài)，且多與語態(tài)一起考查。時態(tài)理解錯誤在考生中是常見的，把握命題人的意圖是至關(guān)重要的。解題時：1).先判斷所給動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，2).謂語動詞的話，判斷用主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)，3).判斷用那種時態(tài)（根據(jù)具體的語境、時間狀語或另一動詞）。4).確定所填動詞的形式，保證謂語動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的一致。5).特別注意：時態(tài)變化時不規(guī)則動詞的拼寫?？键c2.非謂語動詞(1).Whileshewasgettingme_______(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom.（07廣東）（settled）(2).TheProverb,“Pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow,”isbasedthefollowingstory.（08廣東）(tohelp)(3).Shewishedthathewasaseasy________(please)ashermother.（09廣東）(toplease)(4).Hespititout,______(say)itwasawful.（10廣東）(saying)(5).---andthenInoticedaman______(sit)atthefront.（11廣東）(sitting/sit)小結(jié)：非謂語動詞每年必考，至少1道題，主要考查：1).動名詞和不等式做賓語的區(qū)別；2).非謂語動詞做賓補的區(qū)別；3).非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定式和復合結(jié)構(gòu)。解題：確定非謂語動詞；（先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句子已有謂語動詞且不是并列謂語時，所給的動詞就是非謂語動詞）確定用那種非謂語動詞；（在句子中作什么句子成分，結(jié)合固定搭配和習慣用法）確定語態(tài)；（結(jié)合與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，確定填那種語態(tài)）確定用那種時態(tài)；（非謂語動詞所表示的動作與句中謂語動詞的動作生的先后關(guān)系確定時態(tài)）考點3.情態(tài)動詞（廣東高考這幾年沒出現(xiàn)）小結(jié)：情態(tài)動詞主要考查：推測和可能性；情態(tài)動詞+Havedone；虛擬語氣；shall,should,can和must所表示的特定語氣。重點注意：1).must,can,could,may,might表示可能性(按可能性大小排列)。2).must/could/may/might(havedone)表示對發(fā)生事情的推測。3).should/ought+to+havedone表示對過去的責備。4).will/shall表示請求、許可。5).could/might/should+havedone表示虛擬語氣等?？键c4.冠詞.---theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_____smalltownsome20kilometersaway.(07廣東)(a)Shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot______pleasantexperience.(09廣東)(a)Ayoungmancameacrossaspringofclearwater,_______waterwassweet.(10廣東)(the)Wehad_______amazingconversation.(11廣東)(an)小結(jié)：冠詞是高考的?？键c。若空格后面的名詞或形容詞+名詞前沒有物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格、指示代詞等限定詞時，很可能填冠詞。實戰(zhàn)：1).如果空格及后面的名詞可翻譯成“一個（本、種、杯------）”時，一般填a/an.如果可翻譯成“這、這些、那、那些”時，一般填the.2).泛指填a\an,特指填the.3).如果名詞后面有:of短語、不定式、分詞或從句等做定語時可能填the.定冠詞的用法比較不好記，下面的順口溜或許能幫助大家。特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨無二，序數(shù)最高級；普轉(zhuǎn)專有名，習語及樂器?？键c5.名詞、數(shù)詞(1).ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather_______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.(09廣東36)(choice)小結(jié)：要注意語境中詞性的判斷、詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、序號和倍數(shù)的表示法。廣東考題常給出提示詞要求用它的正確形式填空做法：判斷是否填名詞；（一般在冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格和一些不定代詞后面）；注意名詞的活用和具體的考查方式；考名詞的書寫方式單復數(shù)變化；是不可數(shù)名詞具體化（不可數(shù)名詞在特定的情況下可轉(zhuǎn)化成可數(shù)名詞）；名詞修飾名詞等?？键c6.形容詞、副詞(1).Wedranktogetherandtalked______(merry)tillfarintothenight.（07廣東38）(merrily)(2).Hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”_______(high).(08廣東38)(higher)(3).Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled_______(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.（10廣東34）(warmly)(4).“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_________(sweet).”（10廣東39）(sweeter)(5).IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment_______(late)thatday.(11廣東16)(later)(6).Hemustbe_________(mental)disabled.（11廣東20）(mentally)小結(jié)：主要考查點是形容詞作定語、形容詞和副詞的比較級、形容詞和副詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換等。實戰(zhàn)：1).先分析句子成分，作定語、表語、補語等用形容詞；修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、或整個句子用副詞；注意：形容詞（短語）可作伴隨狀語或結(jié)果狀語。2).結(jié)合上下文，分清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確處理級的變化；注意隱含的比較級。3).注意特殊的形容詞、副詞的比較等級的句型。4).注意比較級的修飾詞:表“稍微”abit,alittle,some,any；表“------得多”much,verymuch,far,agreat/gooddeal,byfar,alot;表“更加”still,even,rather,yet等以及另外一些表程度的修飾詞（序數(shù)、倍數(shù)、分數(shù)、百分數(shù)等）考點7.代詞(1).Thatnightmyhostesshadoneofthehensendupinadishonmytable.______villagersbroughtmegoat’scheeseandhone.（07廣東37）(other/some)(2).IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused______.（07廣東40）(her)(3).Ashort-temperedmanwasanxioustohelp_____ricecropgrowupquickly.（08廣東34）(his)(4).Hewasthinkingabout_______dayandnight.（08廣東35）(this/it)(5).Sherememberhowdifficult______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.（09廣東31）(it)(6).Althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease_______.(09廣東38)(him)(7).Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet_______studenttastethewater.（10廣東36）(another)“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”(10廣東38)(it)(9).Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes________walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(11廣東22)(they)小結(jié)：廣東高考連續(xù)四年皆占2題。?？键c：⑴.不定代詞的用法。⑵.替代詞it,that,those,one/ones的用法。⑶.it的特殊用法。⑷.指示代詞this,that,these,those,such等的用法。⑸.人稱代詞格的變化。⑹.物主代詞、反身代詞及疑問代詞的用法。應考慮的問題：⑴代詞代的是人還是物。⑵代詞代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。⑶.代詞代的是特指還是泛指。⑷.代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上。⑸.代詞表示的是肯定還是否定概念。⑹.修飾名詞的不定代詞（another,theother,many,much,either,neither,both,any,all,each等）考點8.介詞(1).Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.（07廣東33）(as)----,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman____thetroubleIhadcausedher.（07廣東40）(for)---._____theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.（08廣東31）(Behind)(4).Hewasverytired_______doingthisforawholeday.（08廣東36）(after)(5).Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_______sale.（09廣東37）(on)(6).WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready______tablehavingdinner.（09廣東39）(at)(7).Theyoungmanwenthome_______ahappyheart(10廣東)(with)(8).Ididn’tlikeleavinghim________one’sown,either.(11廣東23)(on)小結(jié)：廣東高考連續(xù)四年皆有，前三年占2題，2010，20XX年各一題。考點：介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞的習慣搭配。常用介詞的用法。要弄清楚：可以作賓語（介賓或動賓）的結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞、代詞、動名詞、從句）若空格后是上面提到的結(jié)構(gòu)且不在句中作主語，又不在動詞后面作賓語，那么這個空格就很可能用介詞。習慣搭配就靠大家多記、多積累?？键c9.從句(定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句)（廣東高考:07年考2題,who,where;08年2題that,but;09年1題where;10年2題that,when,11年2題until/till,whom）若兩個句子（含有兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有句號或分號，也沒有連詞，那空格要填上連詞，否則，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。一、（定語從句）Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway______therewasagarage.（07廣東）(where)Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.（09廣東）(where)(3).Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder______hadbeenhisteacher.(10廣東)(who)(4).Behindhimwereotherpeopleto______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(11廣東21)(whom)小結(jié)：考點：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用、非限定性定語從句。熱點：由whose,where,when,that,as和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句。注意：1.when引導的定語從句2.where引導的定語從句和狀語從句、表語從句的區(qū)別3.which引導非限定性定語從句和并列句的區(qū)別4.as和which的區(qū)別、，such---as和thesame---as的用法。5.分隔式定語從句的識別6.只能用that不用that的情況7.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別8.定語從句的主謂一致二、（狀語從句）(1).Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisawholeday,______hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.(08廣東)(but)(2).Myfriendwalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme_______thebusarrived.(11廣東17)(till/until)三．（名詞性從句）(1).---Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto_______shouldhavethehonorofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.(07廣東)(who)(2).---hecameupwithanidea______hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08廣東)(that)(3).Weunderstandthislessonbest_________wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.(10廣東)(that)考點10.特殊句式（簡單句、并列句、強調(diào)句、省略句、祈使句、倒裝句、反義疑問句和therebe句式的用法等）填詞：(1).Itisoftensaidthatthejoyoftravelingis_____inarrivingatyourdestination______inthejourneyitself.（not,but）(2).Ithoughtwe’dbelatefortheconcert,______weendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.(but)(3).Theartistwasbornpoor,_______poorheremainedallhislife.(and)(4).Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney______menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.(while)(5).Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.(for)(6).Standoverthere_______you’llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.(and)(7).Itwasnotuntilmidnight_______theyreachedthecampsite.(that)(8).Notuntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnew______hestoprepairingandcleaningit.(did)(9).OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly______IrealizehowmuchIlovedthem.(did)(10).Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_______herfootwoundedsomuch.(with)(11).Thecomputerwasusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly_______teachers’energysaved,butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinlessons.(was)(12).SomeofyoumayhavefinishedUnitone.If____,youcangoontoUnittwo.(so)_______isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.(Such)(14).ItraveledtotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,and_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.(so)(15).Once_______(ask),everyoneneedstoco-operatewithouthesitation.(asked)小結(jié)：考點：⑴.強調(diào)句⑵.倒裝句⑶.并列句⑷.祈使句⑸.省略句注意：句子的結(jié)構(gòu)、主謂一致、時態(tài)、語態(tài)?？键c11.派生詞（詞性變換）(1).Mostofthe_______(Africa)arestilllivinginpoverty.（Americans）(2).China’s___________(develop)ofeconomyneedsmorecarefulplanning.(development)(3).Canyoutellmethe______(long)oftheGreatWall?(length)(4).I’mverythankfulforyour________(help)me.(helping)(5).Goingoutforapart-timejobcan______(rich)one’ssocialexperience.(enrich)(6).He______(achievement)alotinthefieldofscienceinthepasttenyears.(hasachieved)(7).Thearticle________(simple)tomakeiteasyforstudentstounderstand.(hasbeensimplified)(8).What’sthe_______(rich)businessmaninChina?(richest)(9).Hehasbecomethe________(clever)ofthetwo.(cleverer)Ihopethedreamthatbecominga_________(piano)willcometrue.(pianist)(11).Heis__________(comfort)becausehe’sill.(uncomfortable)(12).Iwassorrytofindhim________(conscious)oftheimportanceofstudy.(unconscious)(13).Theboyjumpedupanddown_________(happy)atthenews.(happily)(14).Theoldladyis_______(extreme)gladtoseeherdaughtercomeback.(extremely)(15).Theladywasbrokendownbyacar._________(fortunate)therewasnoonenearby.(unfortunately)(16).Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir________(nature)course.（08廣東）(natural)(17).ButJaneknewfromherpastexperiencethather________(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.（09廣東）(choice)小結(jié)：派生詞每年都有，要求考生分析句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷空格考查的詞類，再結(jié)合上下文和構(gòu)詞法填上適當?shù)脑~形。注意：詞的前后綴，特別是否定前綴?？偨Y(jié):語法填空七字訣：“全”：看完整句；“位”：確定空格所處的位置，分清在句子當中充當什么作用；“考”：知道考什么；“形”知道用什么形式（主被動，詞性的變化，特別是不規(guī)則詞形的變化和書寫等）；“斷”：對于長難句，要學會斷句（斷成相對完整的小單位，使空格的位置明朗化）；“刪”：對于復雜句，要學會刪掉修飾部分，讓句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)浮出水面?！安椤保禾钔旰螅x一遍，看是否自然通順、前后一致、符合邏輯，看整體是否完整。（2009廣東卷）Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.,sherememberedhowdifficult__⑴____wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_____⑵___(pleased)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot____⑶____pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor____⑷__(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部)，buryingaheadtogettoabargain.Janepausedinfrontofacounter____⑸___someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk.”Theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather___⑹_____(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes___⑺____sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease____⑻______.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready______⑼___tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_____⑽_____(inform).（2010廣東卷）Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.___⑴_____waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder____⑵_____hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman___⑶___(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled___⑷_____(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome____⑸_____ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__⑹______studenttastethewater.Hespitout,___⑺____(say)itwasawful.Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike___⑻_____?”Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe____⑼____(sweet).”Weunderstandthislessonbest___⑽____wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.（2011廣東卷）OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttoalocalmusicfestival,IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment___1____(late)thatday.Myfriendwalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme___2_____thebusarrived.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman_3____(sit)atthefront.He____4____(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe____5___(mental)disabled.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6___hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes____7____walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.Ididn’twantedtobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim___8____one’sown,either.Afterawhile,Irosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad___9___amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadeachoice.Itmade_10____ofusfeelgood.12）Marywilleverforget