2025屆重慶市第四十二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)第一學(xué)期期末預(yù)測(cè)試題含解析

2025屆重慶市第四十二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)第一學(xué)期期末預(yù)測(cè)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2．作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Don’tbesodiscouraged.Ifyou________suchfeelings,youwilldobetternexttime.A．carryonB．getbackC．breakdownD．putaway2．Inordertofinishtheworktime,themaninchargedecidedtosomemoreworkers.A．giveup B．takeon C．lookafter D．findout3．—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A．filledB．fillingC．tofillD．beingfilled4．Becauseoftheheavysnow,wehadtodelaythevisituntilthisweekendtotheartgallery____inthecenterofourcitythesedays.A．beingheld B．holding C．tobeheld D．held5．Thebusdroppedmeoffandpulledaway_____IrealizedIhadleftmybagonit.A．whileB．beforeC．a(chǎn)fterD．since6．Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthe________toachieveit.A．a(chǎn)cquisitionB．comprehensionC．determinationD．satisfaction7．He______itonschedule,butsomehowhefellbehind.A．musthavedone B．mightfinishC．couldhavefinished D．couldfinish8．Ifit________forhergreathelpthen,IwouldnotstudyEnglishsowellnow.A．hasn’tbeen B．wasn’tC．hadn’tbeen D．isn’t9．I'veheardthatpreparations______forthecomingfestival.Let'sgivethemahand.A．a(chǎn)rebeingmade B．havebeenmadeC．a(chǎn)remaking D．havemade10．.---Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?.---Iwouldhave,butI_____sobusythen.A．hadbeen B．were C．was D．wouldbe11．Thoughourfootballboysarefacedwithfourgoalsbehind,theyarestillstrugglinghardinthefieldto______.A．facethemusic B．savefaceC．costtheirarmandleg D．landontheirfeet12．Hissisterlefthomein1998,and_________________since.A．hadnotbeenheardof B．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardof D．hasnotheardof13．---Thankyouforremindingmeofthetime,orIlatefortheflightyesterday.---Don’tmentionit.A．willhavebeen B．wouldhavebeenC．mustbe D．couldbe14．Itisobvioustothestudents_____________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A．a(chǎn)s B．thatC．which D．whether15．Weshoulddowhatwecan______people’shardworkpaysoff.A．besure B．beingsureC．makingsure D．tomakesure16．Changingthepasswordonyouraccountisn’talastingsolutionifyoudon’tremoveanyvirus，？A．don’tyou B．doyouC．isn’tit D．isit17．Theguidewasenthusiasticandknowledgeableandwespentalovelyeveningwanderingintoplaceswhichwe________straightpastotherwise.A．hadwalked B．werewalkingC．wouldhavewalked D．musthavewalked18．Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet，___________theoldtownintoadreamland.A．turned B．turningC．toturn D．havingturned19．TheMid-AutumnFestivalis________specialholidayformostChinesewhen________wholefamilywillgettogether.A．the;the B．a(chǎn);the C．a(chǎn);a D．the;a20．Yourletterwillgetattention!Theyknowyou’reexpectingtheanswer.A．careful B．common C．instant D．general第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）THREEyearsagoJennySalgado,aDominicanshopassistant,movedtoHighlandtown,aneighborhoodofBaltimore.Whenshearrivedtheshopsheworksin,itwasoneofonlyafewSpanishbusinesses.Nowtherearemanymore.“It’sgoodnowifyouspeakSpanish,”shesmiles.Baltimorehasbeenlosingpeoplefor60years.Toaddressthis,itsmayor,StephanieRawlings-Blake,wantstomakeitthemostimmigrant-friendlycityintheworld.ItslibrariesprovideSpanish-languageexerciseclasses.Tohelpthosewithnopapers,thecityisintroducingmicro-loans(小額貸款)whichrequirenocreditchecks;citypolicewouldnolongerroutinelychecktheimmigrationstatusofcitizensorenforceanyfederalimmigrationlawunlessrequiredto.Thethengovernor,MartinO’Malleymadeitpossibleforillegalimmigrantstogetdrivinglicenses.Suchwelcomingpoliciesarespreading.SuchcitiesasCleveland,DaytonandPhiladelphiaalleagerlytrytopleaseimmigrants.RickSnyder,thegovernorofMichigan,hasaskedthefederalgovernmenttooffer50,000visastopeoplewhoagreetoliveinDetroit.Hisadministrationhasmadeiteasierforskilledmigrantstogetprofessionallicenses.Whenacity’spopulationfalls,bothtaxreceiptsandservicesfall.Half-desertedneighborhoodsbreed(滋生)crime,drivingyetmorepeopletoleave.Nocityhasescapedthisdeathcirclewithoutattractingnewresidents,saysSteveTobocmanofGlobalDetroit.Severalstudiessuggestthatwhenimmigrantsarrive,crimegoesdown,schoolsimproveandshopsopenup.InDetroit,immigrantslivingnearthetinyseparatecityofHamtramckhaveformedlocalwatchestoguardagainstthieves.Theirneighborhoodsarenotjustsafer;theyarealsoamongtheonlyplaceswhereitisaseasytobuyfreshvegetablesasdrugsandalcohol.Butattractingnewimmigrantstothecitieswhichmostneedthemishard,arguesAudreySingeroftheBrookingsInstitution.Theycareaboutthesamethingsaseveryoneelse:safestreets,goodschoolsandjobs.Citieswhichhavelostpopulationfordecadesstrugglewithallofthese.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“address”inParagraph2mean?A．Accountfor. B．Dealwith. C．Getridof. D．Takeawayfrom.2、Whatmayhappenwhenahalf-desertedcitymakeseffortstoattractnewresidents?A．Creditcardcheckswillbestricter. B．Immigrants’identitywillbeprotected.C．Thepublicserviceswillgetworse. D．Thecrimeratewilldecline.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayAudreySingeragreewith?A．AttractingimmigrantstosuchcitiesasDetroitisdemanding.B．Immigrantshavehigherexpectationsofacitythanitslocals.C．Thereisnoneedtoencouragesuchimmigrant-friendlypolicies.D．Attractingimmigrantshelpspreventacityfromlosingpopulation.22．（8分）Whenyougotothedoctor,youliketocomeawaywithaprescription．Itmakesyoufeelbettertoknowyouwillgetsomemedicine.Butthedoctorknowsthatmedicineisnotalwaysneeded.Sometimesallasickpersonneedsissomereassurancethatallwillbewell.Insuchcasesthedoctormayprescribeaplacebo.Aplaceboisasugarpill,aharmlessshot,orailemptycapsule.Eventhoughtheyhavenomedicineinthem,thesethingsseemtomakepeoplewell.Thepatientthinksitismedicineandbeginstogetbetter.Howdoesthishappen?Thestudyoftheplaceboopensupnewknowledgeaboutthewaythehumanbodycanhealitself.Itisasiftherewasadoctorineachofus.Thedoctorwillhealthebodyforusifweletit.Butitisnotyetknownjusthowtheplaceboworkstohealthebody.Somepeoplesayitworksbecausethehumanmindfoolsitself.Thesepeoplesaythatifthemindisfooledintothinkingitgotmedicine,thenitwillactasifitdid,andthebodywillfeelbetter.Placebosdonotalwayswork.Thesuccessofthistreatmentseemstorestalotwiththerelationshipbetweenthepatientandthedoctor.Ifthepatienthasalotoftrustinthedoctorandifthedoctorreallywantstohelpthepatient,thentheplaceboismorelikelytowork.Soinaway,thedoctoristhemostpowerfulplaceboofall.Aplacebocanalsohavebadeffects.Ifpatientsexpectabadreactiontomedicine,thentheywillalsoshowabadreactiontotheplacebo.Thiswouldseemtoshowthatalotofhowyoureacttomedicineisinyourmindratherthaninyourbody.Somedoctorsstillthinkthatiftheplacebocanhavebadeffectsitshouldneverbeused.Theythinkthereisstillnotenoughknownaboutit.Thestrangepoweroftheplacebodoesseemtosuggestthatthehumanmindisstrongerthanwethinkitis.Therearepeoplewhosayyoucanhealyourbodybyusingyourmind.Andtheinterestingthingisthatevenpeoplewhoswearthisisnotpossiblehavebeenhealedbyaplacebo．1、Whatdoweknowaboutplaceboaccordingtothepassage?A．Itcontainssomesortofmedicine.B．Itwon’tfunctionifyouarenegativeaboutmedicine.C．Peoplewhodon’tbelieveplacebocan’tbehealedbyit.D．Patientsanddoctorsknowclearlyhowithelpstohealthebody.2、Whyisthedoctorsometimesthemostpowerfulplacebo?A．Thepatientneedshelpbadly．B．Thepatientbelievesinthedoctor．C．Thedoctorknowsbetteraboutyourbody．D．Thedoctorhascarefullystudiedmedicine．3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A．Theplacebo.B．Thebadeffect.C．Thebody.D．Themedicine.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Placebo：WorkonYourMindB．Placebo：TheMostPowerfulMedicineC．Placebo：TheBestDoctorD．Placebo：HealYourBody23．（8分）"Joe?Isthatyou?"Thewomanspeakingtomeatthebaseballgamelookedalittlefamiliar."Marci?"Iasked."ItISyou!"shecriedout,smilingbroadly."Gosh,it'sgoodtoseeyouagain!"ItwasgoodtoseeMarci,too.Offandonduringthepastfewdecades,I'vewonderedabouther.Ialmosttriedtosearchforherafewyearsagoaftertalkingtoafriendwhohadindicatedthatthe1990shadbeenprettyroughforMarci.Someetingheratthebaseballgamewasreallyoutofexpectation.Wespentafewminutestalkingaboutourlives—thegoodold,badolddays.ThenMarcigrewquietforamoment.“Youknow,Joe,”shesaid,“I’vealwayswantedtotellyou…h(huán)ow…h(huán)owsorryIamforthewayItreatedyou.Youmusthavebeenhurtbothphysicallyandmentally.”Iwasalittleembarrassed.Iturnedandlookedather.“It’sOK,”Isaid,“Nobigdeal!”“ButIwassuchajerk.”shecontinued.Yesyouwere,Ithought.“Wewerebothprettyyoung,”Ismiled.“Iknow.”shesaid,“It’sjustalwaysbotheredme,rememberinghowmeanIwastoyou.AndI’vewantedtotellyouthatI’msorry.”Theexpressiononherfacewaswarmandsincere.Andtherewassomethinginhereyes—itlookedalotlikerelief.“OK,”Isaid."Apologyaccepted!”O(jiān)vercomebythesweetnessofthemoment,Ireachedanarmaroundherandgaveheraquickhug.Justthen,thecrowderuptedwithahugecheer,andMarciandIbothreturnedourattentiontothegame.BythetimeIlookedovertowhereshehadbeen,shewasgone.Butthewarm,wonderfulfeelingofourbriefexchangewasstillthere,andcontinuestothisdaywheneverIthinkaboutit.Itisn'tenoughtojustsay“I’msorry”and"You'reforgiven."Butwhenthosewordsaretrulyfeltandsincerelyexpressed,theycanopenthedoortomiraclesoftheheart.Forgivenesscanbringpeacetoaninjuredsoul—evenyearsafterthefact.Evenatabaseballgame.1、WhatkindoflifedidMarciliveduringthelate20thcenturyaccordingtothepassage?A．Happy.B．Busy.C．Hard.D．Simple.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jerk”inthethirdparagraphmean?A．Ahumorousperson.B．Acruelperson.C．Acarelessperson.D．Anhonestperson.3、WhydidMarcilookinreliefaftertalkingwiththeauthor?A．Becauseherfavoriteteamwonthegame.B．BecauseshelearnedJoewaslivingagoodlife.C．Becauseshemadeanapologytotheauthor.D．Becauseshefoundshewasnotmeananylonger.4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ExcitementofABaseballGameB．MentalBurdenofAWomanC．MiraclesofForgivenessD．ReliefofFindingAfriend24．（8分）Nearly20U.S.stateshavestartedcarryingoutformerpresidentBarackObama’sCleanPowerPlan,whichplaceslimitsoncarbondioxideemissionsfrompowerplantsinanefforttoreducetheimpactsofclimatechange.Theplanhasbeeninlegallimbo(邊緣)forthepastyear.Yetscientistshavenowcalculatedanotheroutcomeofthepolicy:harmtocropyields(產(chǎn)量)iftheplaniscancelled.Alongwithcarbonpollution,coal-firedpowerplantsspew(噴出)pollutantsthatformwhatweknowassmog.Thecontributionofsmogtoincreasedratesofasthma(哮喘)andprematuredeathswasalreadyknown.Thenewresearchestimatestheextenttowhichsmog,underair-pollutionpolicies-4nplacebeforetheCleanPowerPlan,wouldlimitproductionin2020offourmajorcrops:corn,cotton,potatoesandsoybeans.LedbyenvironmentalengineerShannonL.Capps,nowatDrexelUniversity,theteamalsosketchedtheextenttowhichthosecropproductionlosseswouldreduceunderthreenationwidescenarios(方案).Oneimprovedtheefficiencyofindividualpowerplants.AnothermodeledapolicysimilartotheObamaplan,settingstateCO2emissionsgoalsfortheelectricitydepartment.Athirdestablishedataxoncarbonemissions,underwhichemissionsfellthemost.Butthegreatestdropinsmog-formingpollutants—andgreatestgainsincropyields—camefrompoliciessuchastheCleanPowerPlan.Researcherscalculatedhowwelleachscenariowouldreducethepotentialproductivityloss(PPL)ofeachcrop.PPLisaprojectedvaluefor2020andindicateshowmuchcropgrowthwouldsufferbecauseofsmog.Scenario2mostcloselyagreeswithresultsexpectedfromtheCleanPowerPlan.1、What’sthemainpurposeofTheCleanPowerPlan?A．Tooffercleanpower, B．TolimitCO2emissions.C．Toslowclimatechange. D．Toincreasecropproduction.2、Thelatestresearchshowsthatsmogmaycause.A．a(chǎn)sthma B．earlydeathsC．heartdisease D．cropproductionloss3、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Scenario3wasintendedtoincreasetaxes.B．Scenario2increasedcropyieldsmost.C．Scenario1didn’thaveanyeffectoncropyields.D．ThethreescenariosweremadeatDrexelUniversity.4、What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．U.S.statesrestarttheObama’sPlan.B．TheCleanPowerPlanwascalledoff.C．Threescenariosbenefitcropyields.D．Smogdoesharmtopeople’shealth.25．（10分）ResidentsinthepoorestcountiesintheU.S.facealifeexpectancyuptodecadeshorterthantheircounterpartsinthewealthiestareas,accordingtoastudypublishedintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth.ResearchersfromEastTennesseeStateUniversitywantedtobetterunderstandhowsocioeconomicstatuswasassociatedwithheathoutcomes.Tofindouttheydividedthecountry’s3,141countiesinto50new‘states’(with2percentofthecountiesineach)basedonhouseholdincomeasopposedtogeographicproximity(接近).Theresearchersbrokedownthedatabycountysincetheyfoundstate-leveldatamayhidesome‘impactofsocioeconomicdifferencesonboththebest-offandworst-offcounties.’Theythenexaminedhealthdatafromthewealthiestandpoorest‘states’(topandbottom2percent)toseehowresidentsdifferedonfactorslikesmoking,clinicalcareandexcessivedrinking.Researchersfoundthattherewasnearlya10-yeargapinthelifeexpectancyofmenwithanaverageof79.3yearsinthewealthycountiescomparedto69.8yearsinthepoorest.Forwomen,thedifferencewasslightlyless-83yearsinthewealthiestcountiesand76yearsinthepoorest.Thestudyauthorscautionthatwhiletheyfoundaconnectionbetweensocioeconomicstatusandhealthoutcomes,theydidnotanalyzecauseandeffect.Buttheysuggestthatthedatashowshowpolicymakersshouldnotjustfocusonstate-wideinitiatives(主動(dòng)性)butmoretargetedeffortstohelpthosemostatrisk.“Withlimitedresources,methodsofpinpointingthepoorestcountiescanassistintheallocationofresourcesandprogramstothosecommunitiesthatareinthegreatestneed,’’thestudyauthorswrote.1、HowdidResearchersdividethecounties?A．Bysocialstatus. B．Byincome.C．Byhealth. D．Bylivingplaces.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Thewomendifferenceislessthanthemaninlifeexpectancy.B．Thewealthiest‘state’likehidingtheirwealth.C．Mosthealthdataisunbelievable.D．Mostpoorest‘state’smokeanddrinkalot.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theresearchersthinktheirstudyisperfect.B．Peoplestilldon’tknowthecauseoflifeexpectancy.C．Thegovernmentshouldlearnsomethingfromthestudy.D．TheAmericanresourcesallocationisnotfairatall.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WaystohavealonglifeexpectancyB．GreatincomedifferencesintheUSAC．ThehealthproblemintheUSAD．Meninrichest10yearslongerinpoorest第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）We’vehearditbefore－we’vehearditonthenews,fromteachers,fromparents－childrenandteenagerstodayaregrowinguptoofast．Therearenottoomanypeoplethatwill1withthatstatement．Teenagersarefacedwithseriousproblemsanddecisionsatanearly2．Infactmostteenagers’dailyschedulesareas3asthoseofanadult’s．IhavebeenworkingsinceIwasthirteen,andalwaysin4inwhichIwasworkingwithadults.Ihavehadtolearntothinkand5likeanadulttobetakenseriously.So,Icountmyselfasonewhohasgrownuptoofast.Ijustgraduatedfromhighschool,andhaverecentlyspentsometimereflecting(反思)onthe6eighteenyears-thinkingaboutmyself,whatIhavegained,andwhat7Ihaveyettoachieve.Weareexpectedtoworkhard,getexcellent8,beinagoodrelationship,andknowwhatwewanttodo9．Thelistgoesonandon.Butthe10isclear：Weliveinasocietytodaythatis11ourchildhood．Wenolongerhavemanyyearstobecarelessandfancy-free.Weareexpectedto12thestrictschoolrulesandtoexcel(擅長(zhǎng))ineverythingwedo.I’veknownthesethingsforalongtime,andknewthatthey13me.But,Ineverreallyadmittedituntillastnight,whenIlearneda14lesson,taughttomebymybosswhereIwork.Wehadfinishedajobataremotesite．Itwasabout11:30atnight,andwehad15tohishouse.Weweretalkingaboutthe16hehadbeenmakingtohishome．Oneofthethingshesaidwas“I17mybasketballhoop(籃圈).”Thenhethrewabasketballtome.Ihadn’t18abasketballinfiveyears．Weproceededtoshoothoopsforabout40minutes.Bothofuswereterriblybadatit,butwespentthewholetime19awaylikechildren.ThenIrealizedsomething:Iamstillachild.Oh,thelawsaysI’manadult.But,wearestillreallyandtrulychildren.Weallneedtohave20onceinawhile.1、A．a(chǎn)rgue B．disagree C．satisfy D．discuss2、A．a(chǎn)ge B．stage C．year D．grade3、A．certain B．busy C．careful D．perfect4、A．companies B．places C．positions D．offices5、A．study B．speak C．work D．a(chǎn)ct6、A．last B．other C．rest D．coming7、A．purposes B．success C．goals D．jobs8、A．textbooks B．grades C．teachers D．schools9、A．inlife B．intime C．forages D．forever10、A．information B．message C．notice D．idea11、A．ruining B．correcting C．envying D．shortening12、A．respect B．a(chǎn)ccept C．learn D．follow13、A．inspired B．disappointed C．a(chǎn)ffected D．frightened14、A．valuable B．serious C．important D．useful15、A．walked B．flownback C．goneback D．driven16、A．furniture B．improvements C．equipment D．a(chǎn)rrangements17、A．moved B．fixed C．sold D．broke18、A．played B．caught C．touched D．held19、A．laughing B．shouting C．running D．shooting20、A．a(chǎn)rest B．a(chǎn)talk C．fun D．sports第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）課文語(yǔ)法填空ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia，noonereallyknows.However，______1．_____islikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.Scientistsbelievethatthesefirstsettlers_____2．_____(cross)theBeringStraitintheArctictoAmerica_____3．______meansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.Inthe16thcentury，afterthe____4．_____(arrive)ofEuropeans，thenativepeoplesufferedgreatly.Thousandswerekilledorforcedintoslavery._____5．______addition，manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbyEuropeans.However，somesurvivedtheseterribletimes，andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericans______6．_____(live)inCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.Inthe18thcentury，CaliforniawasruledbySpain.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury，______7．______theyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleand____8．____(take)theirland.Twocenturieslater，theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStatesof____9．____firstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen，_____10．_____ministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)瀨字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞下劃斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限-詞；2、只允許修改10處，多科(從