第03輯開學(xué)考試 2025屆新高三開學(xué)摸底考試卷01（新高考I卷）（教師版） 2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）

絕密★啟用前2025屆新高三開學(xué)摸底考試卷01（新高考I卷）解析版（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillLindadothisafternoon?A.Gohiking. B.Takeanexam. C.Attendadiscussion.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,doyouwanttogohikingwithusthisafternoon?W:I’dliketo,butIhavetogotomygroupdiscussionat3:00pm.2.Whichkindofbookdoesthemanlovereadingnow?A.Sci-fibooks. B.Classicnovels. C.Biographies.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Tom,whatkindofbookdoyoulovereadingmost?M:Iusedtolovesciencefictionbooksmost,butnowIpreferclassicnovels.Whataboutyou?W:Booksaboutfamouspeople’slifeattractmemost.Suchbooksareveryinspiring.3.Whatisthemanmostprobably?A.Awaiter. B.Ahotelclerk. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoordernow,madam?W:Notyet,I’mstilllookingatthemenu.Couldyougivemeaglassofwater,please?I’mabitthirsty.M:OK.4.HowdoesKarenlooknow?A.Happy. B.Confused. C.Upset.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:LookatKaren.Shelookedveryhappyjustamomentago.Whyisshewearingsuchalongfacenow?M:Idon’tknow.Maybeshehasjustgotsomebadnews.W:Let’sgoandfinditout.M:We’dbetternot.Ithinkshepreferstostayalonenow.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afire. B.Arestaurant. C.Anearthquake.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iheardtherewasafireinourcitylastnight.Diditcausemuchdamage?M:No,itdidn’t.Thefirebrokeoutatarestaurant.Luckilyitwasputoutquicklyandnobodywaskilled.W:Thankgoodness!第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7題。6.Howwillthemangettotherailwaystation?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bysubway.7What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Colleagues. C.Bossandsecretary.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,madam.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation,please?W:Certainly.Sohowdoyouwanttogetthere,bybusorsubway?M:Can’tIgetthereonfoot?W:Idon’tthinkitisagoodidea.Ittakesatleastfortyminutestogetthereonfoot.IfIwereyou,I’dgotherebysubway.M:OK.Sowhereisthenearestsubwaystation,please?W:It’sjusttwoblocksawayfromhere.Walkstraighttogopasttwoblocksandyou‘llseeit.M:Thankyou.聽第7段材料，回答8、9題。8.WhatisspecialaboutTheBrearleySchool?A.Itisjustforgirls.B.Ithasaconvenientlocation.C.Itisagoodpublicschool.9.Whendidtheschoolhaveitsfirstfemalehead?A.In1915. B.In1926. C.In1931.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Whereareyoustudyingnow,Susan?W:AttheBrearleySchool.M:Sowhydidyougotostudythere?Isitclosetoyourhome?W:No.Mymothermadethedecision.Shewantedmetogotoanall-girlsprivateschool.Sheconsidereditagoodoption.M:Doestheschoolhavealonghistory?W:Yes.ItwasfoundedbySamuelA.Brearleyin1884,andheservedastheheadoftheschoolfortwoyears.M:Whyforsuchashorttime?W:Becausehedied.JamesG.Croswellwasthenextheaduntilhediedin1915.Elevenyearslater,theschoolhaditsfirstfemalehead.Sincethen,Brearleyhasbeenledbywomenheads.M:Wowyoureallyknowthehistoryofyourschoolwell.聽第8段材料，回答10至12題。10.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowafternoon?A.Takealongcitytour.B.VisittheBigWildGoosePagoda.C.VisittheShaanxiHistoryMuseum.11.WhatwillthespeakersdoontheirarrivalinShanghai?A.Callataxi. B.Meetaguide. C.Bookahotelroom.12.Wherearemostprobablythespeakersnow?A.Atahotel. B.Onaplane. C.Atanairport【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?M:Well,aftereatingbreakfastandcheckingoutofthehoteltomorrowmorning,thetourguidewilltakeustotheShaanxiHistoryMuseum.Therewe’llenjoyover370,000relicsofChinesehistory.W:Whatwillwedoduringthelatterhalfoftheday?M:We’llvisittheBigWildGoosePagodaIt’soneofthetwofamousBuddhistpagodasinXi’an.WecanexplorethepagodaandexperiencethecultureofXi’an.Wecanalsoenjoyawalkthroughthetempleandgardens.W:SowhenwillweleaveforShanghai?M:Aftersupper.We’llarriveinShanghaiatabout10:00pm.Ourlocalguidewillmeetusattheairportandtakeustoourhotel.He’llgiveusabriefintroductiontoShanghaiontheway.W:Good.M:It’sprettylate.Wehavetogetupearlytomorrowforthetour.Let’swashupandgotobednow.聽第9段材料，回答13至16題。13.Wheredidthemanreadabouttheeffort?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inamagazine. C.OntheInternet.14.Whatgoaldoesthegroupwanttoachieve?A.Takingtrashoutoftheocean.B.Stoppingtrashgoingintoariver.C.Raisingmoneyforpollutioncontrol.15.Whatmainlycausessomuchtrash?A.ThelongrainyseasonB.Toomuchfoodwaste.C.Theapplicationofmanysteelscreens.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheeffort?A.Costly. B.Great. C.Inconvenient.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?M:I’mreadingsomenews.Ilovereadingonlinenews.W:Sowhathaveyoujustread?M:Somenewsaboutagroup’sefforttocleantheLasVacasRivernearGuatemalaCity.W:Soundsinteresting.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?M:Anon-profitgroupnamedTheOceanCleanuphassetupasteelscreenoneachsideoftherivertopreventtrashfromenteringtheriverW:Isithelpful?M:Yes.Thedevicehascaughtsomuchtrashthatonepartofitlooksbent.W:That’samazing.Whyistheresomuchtrash?M:Theremighthavebeenlesstrashenteringtheriveralthoughmoreandmoreplasticproductsarebeingusedinourdailylife.ButwhentherainyseasonbeginsinMayandlastsseveralmonths,levelsofpollutionintheriverincreaseandthetrashflowsfartherandfaster.W:Well,Idothinkit’sagoodwaytohelpriversstayclean.It’sconvenienttouseandit‘snotcostly.M:Iagree.聽第10段材料，回答17至20題。17.HowoftendoestheYouthoftheYearprogramtakeplace?A.Onceayear. B.Twiceayear. C.Onceeveryotheryear.18.WhyistheYouthoftheImpactAwardarranged?A.Towelcomenewmemberstoaclub.B.Topraisethemosttalentedhighschoolstudents.C.Todisplayinspiringmembers’excellentleadershipskills.19.Whenwilltheeventend?A.Atabout5:30pm. B.Atabout6:30pm. C.Atabout7:30pm.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Callingforsupport. B.Advertisinganevent. C.Introducinganorganization.i1mo【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.OurannualYouthoftheYearprogramengagesourhighschoolmembersinaleadershipeducationcourse.Attheendofeachyear’scourseanawardcalledtheYouthoftheImpactAwardisarranged.Ithonorsandhighlightsourmostinspiringyoungpeopleonthepathtogreatfutures,encouragingthemtogivefullplaytotheirleadershipskills.The2023YouthoftheImpactAwardEventisdrawingnear.ItwillbeheldattheBrix,260S.WashingtonSt,Carpentersville,IL60110onJuly24,2023.Itisaneveningnottobemissed.Attheevent,ourexcellentmembers’accomplishmentsandfuturegoalswillbeshownandyoucanmeetnewpeopleandenjoydeliciousfood.You’llalsoseethewinnersofthisyear.Thefinalwinnerwillreceivea$5,000collegescholarship,thememberwinningsecondplacewillreceive$2,500,andtheonewinningthirdplacewillreceive$1,000.Theeventwillbeginat5:30pmandlastforabouttwohours.Wewillbewaitingforyourshowingup.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhatisaMasterGardener?Amastergardenerisacitizenthatisinterestedingardeningandcanfulfillthetrainingandvolunteerhoursnecessary.Requirementsvarybycountyandstate,andthecourseistailoredforthatspecificregion.Youwillreceivespecialeducationonthesoilsinyourarea,thetypesofnativeplants,insectanddiseaseissues,basicbotany,andotherinformationrelevanttoyourgardeningzone.Theeducationalopportunitytolearnspecificsaboutwhereyougardenwillnotonlyhelpyoube-comeabettergardenerbutisthenpassedalongtothegeneralpublicinlectures,clinics,andthroughnewsletters.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener——youdon'tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:◆Havecertaingardeningexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.◆Bewillingtosharehorticulture(園藝學(xué))informationwithothers.◆Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,submitbackgroundcheckpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithourstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand50hoursofvolunteerinternship(實(shí)習(xí))workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.21.WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A.Promotegardeningpracticesabroad.B.Trainvolunteerstohelpwithagriculture.C.Teachtheyouthaboutdietsandagriculture.D.Donatetimetothelocalgardeningdevelopment.22.WhatisrequiredifyouapplytobeaMasterGardener?A.Offeringbackgroundcheckdocuments. B.Havingabachelor’sdegree.C.Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience. D.Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.23.HowlongwillittaketoremainaqualifiedMasterGardenerthesecondyear?A.Atleastthreemonths. B.Atleast40hours.C.Atleast150hours. D.Atleast110hours.【答案】21.D22.A23.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹招聘園藝大師志愿者的條件以及有關(guān)事宜。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatisaMasterGardener?中的“Amastergardenerisacitizenthatisinterestedingardeningandcanfulfillthetrainingandvolunteerhoursnecessary.(園藝大師是對(duì)園藝感興趣的公民，能夠完成必要的培訓(xùn)和志愿服務(wù)時(shí)間。)”可知，園藝大師為當(dāng)?shù)貓@藝活動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?部分最后一句“Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,submitbackgroundcheckpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithourstaff.(此外，要成為園藝大師志愿者，每個(gè)申請(qǐng)人都需要完成申請(qǐng)，提交背景調(diào)查文件，并安排與我們的工作人員進(jìn)行面試。)”可知，如果你想申請(qǐng)成為園藝大師志愿者，你需要提供背景調(diào)查資料。故選A項(xiàng)。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?中的“InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.(為了保持認(rèn)證的園藝大師，每年需要30小時(shí)的志愿者工作和10小時(shí)的繼續(xù)教育或高級(jí)培訓(xùn)。)”可知，第二年要花40個(gè)小時(shí)才能保持園藝大師的資格。故選B項(xiàng)。BKatalinKarikualongwithhercolleagueDrewWeissmanwontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2023forthedevelopmentofmRNAtechnology.KarikuwasborninJanuary1955,inasmallvillageinHungary.Shehadanambitionfromearlyontobecomeascientist.Asayoungadult,shebecameinterestedinmessengerRNA,whichcarriesDNAinstructionstotheprotein-makingengineofcells.ShehopedthatmRNAcouldplayakeyroleinthetreatmentofvariousdiseases.Itbecamehermissiontomakeherdreamarealitytohelpcurepatients.However,Karikufacedashortageoffundingforherresearchinhercountry,andshethenfacedthechoiceofstoppinganddoingsomethingnotconnectedtohermissionorcontinuingherresearchatthepriceofhavingtoleavehercountry.Aftersearchingforpostsandscholarshipsworldwide,KarikuacceptedanofferfromTempleUniversityinPhiladelphiaforapostdoctoralfellowship.Karikuandherhusbandgaveupeverythingtheyhadintheirhomelandandboughtaone-waytickettotheU.S.,wheretheyknewnoone.Shewasinitiallyontracktobecomeafullprofessorbutreceivedrepeatedfundrejections.Undeterredbytheproblemsandchallenges,shechosetocontinueherresearch.Byfocusingonwhatmatteredtohereveryday,she“accidentally”metherworkpartnerDrewWeissmanwhowasalsointerestedinmRNA.TheyteameduptoworkonmRNAandpublishedpapersabouttheirgroundbreakingdiscoveryforyears.Thenthepandemichittheworld.ThechangedmRNAtechnologyKarikuandWeissmaninventedwasthenusedinvaccines(疫苗)thatpreventedtheinfectioneffectively.Kariku’slifeisatestament(證明)tofindingone’spassionandthenpursuingiteverysingleday.Manyofusknowwhatwearefondof,butwearenotgoodself-motivatorsonadailybasis.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutKarikufromparagraph2?A.Shehadatolerantmind. B.Shelongedtobeadoctor.C.Shewasfondofworldtours. D.Shehadaclearsenseofpurpose.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Undeterredby”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Notdiscouragedby. B.Beingunawareof.C.Notmotivatedby. D.Beingashamedof.26.WhatisprobablythemaincontributionofKariku?A.SimplifyingthemRNAtechnology. B.MakingthestructureofmRNAclear.C.Developingavaccineforaseriousdisease. D.LayingthegroundworkformRNAvaccines.27.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromKariku’ssuccess?A.Nothingseek,nothingfind. B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway. D.Necessityisthemotherofinvention.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家KatalinKariku的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)夢(mèng)想不懈追求，最終取得成功。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Shehadanambitionfromearlyontobecomeascientist.Asayoungadult,shebecameinterestedinmessengerRNA,whichcarriesDNAinstructionstotheprotein-makingengineofcells.ShehopedthatmRNAcouldplayakeyroleinthetreatmentofvariousdiseases.Itbecamehermissiontomakeherdreamarealitytohelpcurepatients.(她從小就立志要成為一名科學(xué)家。作為一個(gè)年輕的成年人，她開始對(duì)信使RNA感興趣，它攜帶DNA指令到細(xì)胞的蛋白質(zhì)制造引擎。她希望mRNA能夠在各種疾病的治療中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。幫助治愈病人成為了她的使命)”可知，卡里庫有明確的目標(biāo)感。故選D。25.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Shewasinitiallyontracktobecomeafullprofessorbutreceivedrepeatedfundrejections.(她最初有望成為一名正教授，但一再遭到基金拒絕)”以及后文“theproblemsandchallenges,shechosetocontinueherresearch”可知，她一再被基金拒絕，但是沒有因?yàn)閱栴}和挑戰(zhàn)而氣餒，選擇繼續(xù)她的研究。故劃線詞意思是“不氣餒”。故選A。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheyteameduptoworkonmRNAandpublishedpapersabouttheirgroundbreakingdiscoveryforyears.Thenthepandemichittheworld.ThechangedmRNAtechnologyKarikuandWeissmaninventedwasthenusedinvaccines(疫苗)thatpreventedtheinfectioneffectively.(他們合作研究mRNA，并發(fā)表了多年關(guān)于這一突破性發(fā)現(xiàn)的論文。然后，大流行襲擊了世界。Kariku和Weissman發(fā)明的改變后的mRNA技術(shù)隨后被用于有效預(yù)防感染的疫苗)”可知，卡里庫的主要貢獻(xiàn)是為mRNA疫苗奠定基礎(chǔ)。故選D。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Kariku’slifeisatestament(證明)tofindingone’spassionandthenpursuingiteverysingleday.Manyofusknowwhatwearefondof,butwearenotgoodself-motivatorsonadailybasis.(卡里庫的一生證明了找到自己的激情，然后每一天都在追求它。我們中的許多人都知道自己喜歡什么，但在日常生活中，我們并不善于自我激勵(lì))”可知，卡里庫的成功告訴我們有志者，事竟成。故選C。CTraditionaltheorieshaveassumedthatinlanguagedevelopment,acquiringphonetic(語音的)informationmeanslearningtoproduceandunderstandthesedifferentsoundsandrecognizinghowtheyformwordsandconveymeaning.Babieswerebelievedtolearntheseindividualsoundelementstoconstructwords.However,recentresearchsuggestsadifferentapproachtounderstandinghowbabieslearnlanguages.“Webelievethatspeechrhythm(節(jié)奏)informationisthehiddengluesupportingthedevelopmentofawell-functioninglanguagesystem,”

saidstudyco-authorUshaGoswami.Tounderstandwhetherthatwasthecase,theresearchershad50babiesat4,7and11monthsoldwatchavideoofaprimaryschoolteachersinging18nurseryrhymes.Inacarefullycontrolledenvironment,thebabyparticipantswerepresentedwith18nurseryrhymesplayedviavideorecordings.Theserhymes,sungbyanativeEnglishspeaker,wereselectedcarefullytocoverarangeofphoneticfeatures.Thesoundsweredeliveredataconsistentvolume.ThentheresearchersusedamethodcalledEEG,whichinvolvedplacingasoftcapwithsensorsoneachbaby'sheadtomeasuretheirbrainwaves.Thebrainwavedatawasthenanalyzedtoobtainthephonologicalinformation,allowingtheresearcherstocreatea“readout”ofhowthebabies’brainswereprocessingthedifferentsoundsinthenurseryrhymes.Contrarytowhatwaspreviouslythought,theresearchersfoundthatbabiesdon'tprocessindividualspeechsoundsreliablyuntilthey'reabout7monthsold.Evenat11monthsold,whenmanybabiesstarttosaytheirfirstwords,theprocessingofthesesoundsisstillrare.However,rhythmicspeechinformationwasprocessedbythebabiesasearlyas2monthsold,andthisprocessingpredictedlaterlanguageoutcomes.Thestudystressestheimportanceofparentstalkingandsingingtotheirbabies,usingrhythmicspeechpatterns.Thestudyopensupnewwaysforexploringhowearlyspeechprocessingrelatestolanguagedisorders.Thiscouldbeparticularlysignificantinunderstandingandpotentiallyhandlingtheseconditionsearlyinlife.However,theresearchfocusedonaspecificgroupofbabieswithoutdevelopmentaldisorders,mainlyfromanEnglish-speakingenvironment.Futureresearchcouldlookintohowbabiesfromdifferentbackgrounds,orthosewithdevelopmentalchallenges,processspeech.28.Whatisthekeytolanguagelearningaccordingtotherecentstudy?A.Theformationofthewords. B.Theindividualspeechsounds.C.Themeaningsofsinglewords. D.Thespeechrhythminformation.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theagesofthesubjects.B.Thefeaturesofthesubjects.C.Theresultoftheresearch.D.Theprocessoftheresearch.30.Whatisthesuggestionforparentswith2-month-oldbabiesinparagraph4?A.Singingnurseryrhymes.B.Sayingacademicwords.C.Usingcomplexsentences.D.Teachingindividualsounds.31.Whatshouldfuturestudyfocuson?A.Improvingthelearningenvironment.B.Increasingthediversityofthesubjects.C.Findingacureforbabieswithdisorders.D.Analyzingfeaturesofperfectspeech.【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，探討了嬰兒語言學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵因素。傳統(tǒng)理論認(rèn)為，語言發(fā)展中的語音信息獲取意味著學(xué)會(huì)產(chǎn)生和理解不同的聲音，并識(shí)別它們?nèi)绾螛?gòu)成單詞和傳達(dá)意義。然而，最近的研究表明，語言節(jié)奏信息可能是支持語言系統(tǒng)良好發(fā)展的隱藏粘合劑。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Webelievethatspeechrhythm(節(jié)奏)informationisthehiddengluesupportingthedevelopmentofawell-functioninglanguagesystem(我們相信，語音節(jié)奏信息是支持良好運(yùn)作語言系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的潛在粘合劑)”可知，最新研究認(rèn)為語言學(xué)習(xí)的核心是語言節(jié)奏信息。故選D項(xiàng)。29.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Tounderstandwhetherthatwasthecase,theresearchershad50babiesat4,7and11monthsoldwatchavideoofaprimaryschoolteachersinging18nurseryrhymes.Inacarefullycontrolledenvironment,thebabyparticipantswerepresentedwith18nurseryrhymesplayedviavideorecordings.Theserhymes,sungbyanativeEnglishspeaker,wereselectedcarefullytocoverarangeofphoneticfeatures.Thesoundsweredeliveredataconsistentvolume.ThentheresearchersusedamethodcalledEEG,whichinvolvedplacingasoftcapwithsensorsoneachbaby'sheadtomeasuretheirbrainwaves.Thebrainwavedatawasthenanalyzedtoobtainthephonologicalinformation,allowingtheresearcherstocreatea“readout”ofhowthebabies’brainswereprocessingthedifferentsoundsinthenurseryrhymes.(為了了解是否確實(shí)如此，研究人員讓50名4個(gè)月、7個(gè)月和11個(gè)月大的嬰兒觀看一位小學(xué)教師唱18首兒歌的視頻。在嚴(yán)格控制的環(huán)境中，嬰兒參與者通過視頻錄像聽到了18首兒歌。這些由以英語為母語的人演唱的兒歌經(jīng)過精心挑選，涵蓋了一系列語音特征。聲音以一致的音量播放。然后，研究人員使用了一種名為EEG的方法，該方法涉及在每個(gè)嬰兒的頭上放置一個(gè)帶有傳感器的軟帽，以測(cè)量他們的腦電波。隨后分析了腦電波數(shù)據(jù)，以獲得音系信息，從而使研究人員能夠創(chuàng)建出嬰兒大腦如何處理兒歌中不同聲音的“讀出”。)”可知，第三段描述了研究者如何通過視頻讓不同月齡的嬰兒觀看老師唱童謠，并通過EEG方法測(cè)量他們的腦波，以獲取音韻信息，從而了解嬰兒大腦如何處理童謠中的不同聲音。因此，這一段主要介紹了研究的過程。故選D項(xiàng)。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thestudystressestheimportanceofparentstalkingandsingingtotheirbabies,usingrhythmicspeechpatterns.(這項(xiàng)研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了父母與嬰兒交談和唱歌的重要性，使用有節(jié)奏的語言模式。)”可知，研究強(qiáng)調(diào)父母應(yīng)該用有節(jié)奏的語言模式與嬰兒交談和唱歌，對(duì)于2個(gè)月大的嬰兒，父母可以通過唱童謠來刺激語言學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,theresearchfocusedonaspecificgroupofbabieswithoutdevelopmentaldisorders,mainlyfromanEnglish-speakingenvironment.Futureresearchcouldlookintohowbabiesfromdifferentbackgrounds,orthosewithdevelopmentalchallenges,processspeech.(然而，這項(xiàng)研究主要關(guān)注了一個(gè)特定的沒有發(fā)展障礙的嬰兒群體，他們主要來自講英語的環(huán)境。未來的研究可以探討來自不同背景的嬰兒，或者那些有發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)的嬰兒，是如何處理語音的。)”可知，目前的研究集中在沒有發(fā)展障礙、主要來自英語環(huán)境的特定嬰兒群體上。未來的研究可以探討來自不同背景或具有發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)的嬰兒如何處理語言。因此，未來的研究應(yīng)該關(guān)注增加研究對(duì)象的多樣性。故選B項(xiàng)。DThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.Withoutgovernmentsupportfornaturalfarming,mostIndianfarmersstillusefarmchemicalsandfertilizers.Thatputsthematriskwhenextremeweatherhits.Manyfarmersarecallingforgreaterstateinvestmenttohelpthemdealwithclimatechange.LastDecember,astormbroughtheavyrainfallacrossIndia’ssoutheasterncoast.Itfloodedtownsandfields.Earlystudiesshowedmorethan240,000hectaresofcropsweredestroyedinAndhraPradeshstate.Rajusaidtherainwaterontheirfarmsflowedintothegroundinoneday.Thesoilcantakeinmorewaterbecauseitislesssolidthansoilwithfarmchemicals.Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.AndhesaidseeingRaju’scropsheldstrongwhilehiscropsfailedmadehimwanttolearnaboutotherfarmingmethods.Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm,asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia.“Forthenextplantingseason,Iplantolearnfromotherfarmerstogiveupfarmchemicals,”hesaid.32.WhatdrivestheexpansionofnaturalfarminginIndia?A.Thelimitedfarms. B.Theclimateimpactoncrops.C.Theincreaseduseofchemicals. D.Thereductionoffertilizers.33.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfarmchemicalsfromparagraph4?A.Theyhelpcropsgrowstrongroots.B.Theyenhancesoil’swaterabsorption.C.Theyensuresoilremainsconsistentlywet.D.Theymakecropslessresistanttothestorm.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hemorrhage”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Loss. B.Increase. C.Benefit. D.Aid.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Chemicals:HarmingIndianFarmsB.Storms:aThreattoIndianFarmersC.NaturalFarming:anAnswertoExtremeWeatherD.IndianAgriculture:FacingtheEffectofClimateChange【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護(hù)農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.(像拉朱這樣的農(nóng)民說，天然材料可以保護(hù)他們的作物免受氣候變化的影響，因?yàn)橥寥揽梢匀菁{更多的水。他們還強(qiáng)調(diào)，作物結(jié)實(shí)的根系有助于植物應(yīng)對(duì)強(qiáng)風(fēng)。支持者表示，由于政府的支持，自然農(nóng)業(yè)在該州取得了成功。)”可知，氣候?qū)r(nóng)作物的影響推動(dòng)了印度自然農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。故選B項(xiàng)。33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.(施用農(nóng)藥的土壤是干燥的。他補(bǔ)充說，全年種植不同的作物有助于保持土壤健康。然而，Raju的鄰居SrikanthKanapala說，風(fēng)暴過后，他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)被洪水淹沒了四天。Kanapala經(jīng)常在他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)使用農(nóng)藥和化肥。)”可知，農(nóng)藥會(huì)使作物對(duì)暴風(fēng)雨的抵抗力降低。故選D項(xiàng)。34.詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句后文“asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia(對(duì)印度的一個(gè)農(nóng)民來說，這是一筆巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。)”說明農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失巨大，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm(Kanapala預(yù)計(jì)，這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴可能造成高達(dá)600美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)hemorrhage)”其中劃線詞應(yīng)為“損失”的意思，與A項(xiàng)同義。故選A項(xiàng)。35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.(在印度東南部安得拉邦，RatnaRaju的農(nóng)場(chǎng)散發(fā)出一股強(qiáng)烈的氣味。這種氣味來自天然物質(zhì)的混合物，比如牛糞和未經(jīng)處理的糖。這種天然材料有助于在一個(gè)經(jīng)常遭受極端天氣和高溫襲擊的地區(qū)種植和保護(hù)作物。)”可知，本文主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護(hù)農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響。C項(xiàng)“自然農(nóng)業(yè)：應(yīng)對(duì)極端天氣”能概括文章主旨，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Attendingaconcertisanactivityappealingtomany.However,asafirst-timer,youprobablyfeelanxiousaboutenteringaheavilycrowdedspacewithoverexcitedmusicenthusiasts.Thefollowingtipsmayhelpyouenjoytheexperience.Buyticketsinadvance.36,there’sahighchancethatticketsmayselloutbeforeyoucanbuythemifyoudon’tgetaheadstart.Inaddition,ticketpricesarelikelytobelowerduringthepre-sellingperiod.Wearcomfortableclothes.Attendingaconcertwillbeanexhaustingexperience.37.Thus,itisvitalthatwhenyougotoaconcert,youdresscomfortably.Itisalsoessentialtowearapairofcomfortableshoes.38.Waitingoutsidethevenueforeighthoursisnotwhatyoushoulddo,butyoushouldbereasonableandgettothevenueaheadoftime.Gettingthereearlywillhaveitsownadvantages.39.Haveyourphonefullycharged.You’llwantyourphonefullychargedfortakingphotosandvideos,contactinganyfriendsyou’llbeattendingwith,bookingaridehome,andothernecessarytasksonthedayoftheconcert.40,considerpackingapowerbankjustincase.A.HeadtothevenueearlyB.ResearchthevenueaheadoftimeC.YoucanfindagoodspotforyourselfD.IftheconcertisofmusicbyapopularartistE.Sincethereprobablywon’tbeanyplugsatthevenueF.BecauseyoubookyourticketfromareliablecompanyG.Youmayhavetostandthewholenightandwaitinlongqueues【答案】36.D37.G38.A39.C40.E【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了參加演唱會(huì)的一些建議。36.根據(jù)本段主題句“Buyticketsinadvance.(提前購票。)”以及下文“there’sahighchancethatticketsmayselloutbeforeyoucanbuythemifyoudon’tgetaheadstart.(如果你不搶先一步，門票很有可能在你買到之前就賣光了。)”可知，空格處說明的是演唱會(huì)門票緊張的情況。選項(xiàng)D.Iftheconcertisofmusic