安徽省宣城市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

宣城市2023—2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試高一英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atapetclinic. B.AtBob’shome C.AtMr.Johnson’soffice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Bob,yourdoglookstired.M:Yes.Itlooksunwell.Ithasn’teatenanythingsinceyesterday.IdecidetoinviteMrJohnsontocomeoverandhavealookatit.W:IfIwereyou,I’dtakeittothepetclinicimmediately.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydidthewomanbuysomanytowels?A.Theywereonsale. B.Theywerefreeofcharge. C.Theywereingreatdemand.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whydidyoubringbacksomanytowels?Wearenotlackinginthem.W:Oh,Iwenttothesupermarketyesterday.Onecouldbuyfivetowelsandgettwofree.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthetimebythewoman’swatch?A.7:55. B.8:00. C.8:10.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Nowit’s8o’clock.Isetmywatchthismorning.Mywatchisalwaysfiveminutesslow.W:Ialwayskeepmywatchtenminutesfast.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemanorder?A.Beefnoodles. B.Thefishsoup. C.Thechickenpie.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thisrestaurantiswell-knownforitsbeefnoodles.Iateitlastweek.Today,Iwanttotrythefishsoup.Doyouwantthesamething?W:Idon’tlikethetasteoffish.I’llhavethechickenpieinstead.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesPauladvisethewomantodo?A.Addsomenovels.BGetsomesciencebooks.C.Buysomemoreusefulbooks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Thankyouforattendingthisyear’sbooksale,Paul.I’mgladyoucanfindsomesciencebookshere.M:Mypleasure.Theyareuseful,butIthinkyoucanaddsomenovelsnextyear.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhatdoesChuckaskFionatodo?A.Adopthispet. B.Finishhiswork. C.Lookafterhisdaughter.7.WhenwillSunnybetakentoFiona’shome?A.NextThursday. B.NextFriday. C.NextSaturday.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Fiona,couldyoudomeafavor?W:What’sup,Chuck?M:I’mgoingtoworkinNewZealandforayear,butIcan’ttakemydogSunnythere.SoIhopeyoucanadopther.W:Shewillmissyou.Idon’tknowifshe’llfitinwithme.M:Sheisgentleandlovely,andyouhaveexperienceinkeepingpets.I’msureshecangetonwellwithyou.W:OK,well.I’lladopther.M:Thankyouverymuch.I’llleaveforNewZealandnextSaturday.CanItakehertoyourhousenextThursday?W:IwillbeawayfromhomeonbusinessfromnextMondaytonextThursday.NextFridayisfineforme.M:Great.AndI’dliketotreatyoutoanicedinnerthatdaytoshowmyappreciation.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhywillthespeakersgotoNewYork?A.Tomakeatour. B.Togoshopping. C.Tohaveameeting.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Bycar. B.Bytaxi. C.Bysubway.10.WhomdoesStevewanttobuyagiftfor?A.Hisson. B.Hisnephew. C.Hisdaughter.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Maria.Doyouhavesometimetotalkaboutnextweek’smeetinginNewYork?W:Sure,Steve.M:OK.So,we’releavingnextMondayandreturningnextFriday.Howshallwegototheairport?Bytaxiorbysubway?W:Neither.Thecompanywillarrangeforacar.M:Great.Bytheway,doyouwanttodosomeshoppingwhenwe’reinNewYork?WewillbefreenextThursday.Youknow,ChristmasiscomingandIwanttobuyagiftformydaughter.W:Goodidea!ItissaidthattheholidaymarketthereisoneofthebestinNewYork.Icanalsobuysomegiftsformysonandnephew.M:OK.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Wherewillthewomanworkinthesummervacation?A.Inabank. B.Inthegovernment. C.Inavoluntaryorganization.12.Whatistheman’sattitudetothewoman’swork?A.Surprised. B.Supportive. C.Uninterested.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirhobbies. B.Theirholidayplans. C.Aprojectfortheelderly.【答案】11C12.B13.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouplantodointhesummervacation?W:LastsummerIworkedasaTimeBankvolunteerinourneighborhood.ThisyearI’dliketocontinue.M:TimeBank?Youmeanworkinginabank?W:No,TimeBankisagovernmentproject,whichaimsatmakinglifeeasierforlocalseniors.Itcollectstheirdailyneeds,suchascookingandbuyingmedicine,andthenpostsordersonline.Volunteersthentaketheordersandprovidevoluntaryservicesforthoseinneed.M:Thatmustbeameaningfulexperience.WeallknowthatChinahasahugeagingpopulation.Manyofthemlivealoneandneedhelp.W:Iagreewithyou.Sodoyouwanttojoinus?Thejobisnotdiffcult,andvolunteerscanarrangetheirworkinghoursflexibly.M:I’dliketo,butIhavesignedupforasummercampinLondon.W:OK.Maybeyoucanjoinusnextyear.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatdoweknowabouttheblackbirdinthevideo?A.Itcansolveapuzzle.B.ItcansingEnglishsongs.C.Itcanmakedifferentsounds.15.Wheredidthemanwatchthevideooftheblackbird?A.OnTV. B.Inabiologyclass. C.InanEnglishclass.16.Howdoesthemanimprovehisvocabulary?A.Byplayinggames. B.Bywatchingvideos. C.Byrememberingwords.17.Whatistheman’sEnglishclasslike?A.Boring. B.Active. C.Humorous.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:YesterdayIsawaTVshowcalledAnimalswithTalent.Thereisatalkingbirdontheshow,anAfricanparrotthatcouldmakeallkindsofsounds.It’ssosmart.Haveyouseenthatshow?W:No,Ihaven’twatchedanyshowrecently.Butspeakingofsmartbirds,Isawanonlinevideoofablackbirdsolvingabigpuzzle.Thesebirdsareabletosolvecomplexpuzzles.M:Ohyes,IsawthatonlinevideoinmyEnglishclass.W:Englishclass?YoumusthaveagreatEnglishteacher.Iwatchedthisvideoinmybiologyclass.M:IlovemyEnglishclass.WelearnmorethanEnglish.WelearnabouttheworldthroughEnglish.W:YourEnglishclassmustbeveryinteresting.M:Ofcourse.MyEnglishteacheralwaysplaysagametohelpimproveourvocabulary.It’scalledWordAssociation.Shesaysaword,andtheneachofushastosayawordthatisassociatedwithit.Thisisreallyfun!W:IreallywanttoattendoneofyourEnglishclasses聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.WhatistheconditionofAsianelephantsinChina?A.Theyareextremelyendangered.B.Thenumberisgettingsmaller.C.Theyareundergoodprotection19.HowmanyAsianelephantshavebeensavedbytherescuecenterinYunnaninthepast20years?A.13. B.30. C.360.20.HowdopeoplegetthecollectedinformationaboutAsianelephants?A.Throughamobilephoneapp.B.ThroughanotebookC.Throughacomputer.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】In1986,theAsianelephantwaslistedasendangeredbytheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature(IUCN).Globally,itspopulationhasdeclinedby50percentoverthepast75years,andthereareabout20,000to40,000Asianelephantsleftinthewild.ButinChina,theAsianelephant,whichisalsounderprotectionasanSESP,sawa“babyboom”innearlyeveryelephantherdduringrecentyears.SESPmeansSpecieswithExtremelySmallPopulations.Eighteenyearsago,YunnanfirstintroducedtheconceptandtookactiontoprotecttheAsianelephant.Forexample,theprovincehasestablished11naturereservesforAsianelephants,coveringanareaofnearly5,100squarekilometers.TheAsianelephantrescuecenterinYunnanhasrescued30trapped,injured,orsickwildelephantsinthepast20years.Theprovincealsodevelopedmonitoringandearly-warningsystemsforthegiantcreature.Theinformationcollectedcanbevisualizedonaspecificmobilephoneappinstalledonthephonesofvillagerslivingnearby.Theprovince’sconservationeffortshavehelpedthepopulationofAsianelephantsreacharound360.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAttheapproachofashortholiday,youmayprepareforavacation.Asyourone-stopvacationplanner,VMEhaseverythingyouneedtobookanunforgettablegetaway.Bookingavacationhasneverbeenmoreconvenient.Ifyouaren’tsurewheretogo,checkoutourmostpopulardestinations.Nashyille-18Ifyouarecountrymusiclovers,theretrulyisnothingbetterthanwitnessingashowatNashville,TN.Havingamouth-wateringmealonayachtisalsoagoodexperience.Therearemanydifferentoptionsforlodging(暫住),fromtheluxurytothebudget-friendlyandcomfortableoptions.MyrtleBeachIfyouarelookingforcoastalviewsandoceanicadventures,thenMyrtleBeachistheplaceforyou!Thiscityisknownforitsamazingbeachesandadventuresthatofferopportunitiestocreatethemostunforgettablememories.Awidevarietyofhotelaccommodationalsoawaitsyou.SanAntonioSanAntonioisagreatplacetovisitforacombinationofAmericanhistoryandmodernattractions.FavoredactivitiesincludetheCitySightseeingTourandSixFlagsFiestaTexas.YourtriptoSanAntoniowillbewonderful!Variousoptionsforlodgingareavailable.LakeTahoeLakeTahoeisknownforitsamazingandluxuriousskiresorts.Forthosewholovenature,theGetOutdoorsinLakeTahoeisamust.Thisbeautifulregionisfilledwithnaturalwonders,amazingshows,andlodgingtosuityourneeds.21.Whichisthebestdestinationforpeoplewhoareinterestedinhistory?A.Nashville-18. B.MyrtleBeach. C.SanAntonio. D.LakeTahoe.22.Whatdothesefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyallholdamazingshows. B.Theyarealllocatedinnature.C.Theyallhavemodernattractions. D.Theyallofferdifferentoptionsforaccommodation.23.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthetext?A.Education. B.Travel. C.Science. D.Lifestyle.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)旅行目的地的情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“SanAntonioisagreatplacetovisitforacombinationofAmericanhistoryandmodernattractions.(圣安東尼奧是一個(gè)集美國(guó)歷史和現(xiàn)代景點(diǎn)于一體的好地方)”可知，對(duì)歷史感興趣的人來(lái)說(shuō)，圣安東尼奧是最好的目的地。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Therearemanydifferentoptionsforlodging(暫住),fromtheluxurytothebudget-friendlyandcomfortableoptions.(有許多不同的住宿選擇，從豪華到經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠和舒適的選擇)”；第三段“Awidevarietyofhotelaccommodationalsoawaitsyou.(各種各樣的酒店住宿也在等著你)”；第四段“Variousoptionsforlodgingareavailable.(住宿有多種選擇)”以及最后一段“Thisbeautifulregionisfilledwithnaturalwonders,amazingshows,andlodgingtosuityourneeds.(這個(gè)美麗的地區(qū)充滿了自然奇觀，令人驚嘆的表演和住宿，以滿足您的需求)”可知，這四個(gè)目的地的共同之處是都提供不同的住宿選擇。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Attheapproachofashortholiday,youmayprepareforavacation.Asyourone-stopvacationplanner,VMEhaseverythingyouneedtobookanunforgettablegetaway.Bookingavacationhasneverbeenmoreconvenient.Ifyouaren’tsurewheretogo,checkoutourmostpopulardestinations.(在短假期臨近時(shí)，你可以為假期做準(zhǔn)備。作為您的一站式度假規(guī)劃師，VME有一切你需要預(yù)訂一個(gè)難忘的假期。預(yù)訂度假?gòu)膩?lái)沒(méi)有像現(xiàn)在這樣方便過(guò)。如果你不確定去哪里，看看我們最受歡迎的目的地)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四個(gè)旅行目的地的情況。由此推知，文章可能選自報(bào)紙的“旅行”部分。故選B。BOnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani,StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.Thenewswasespeciallyhard-hittingforagenerationofyoungeracademicswhohavealwaysheldMaryamtobearolemodelwhoseexampleishelpingredefine(重新定義)women’sstatusinscienceandespeciallyinmathematics.WhatwasfunwasthatMaryamalwaystriedtoavoidthemedia’sspotlight.Despitebeingthefirstwomantogainsuchhighstatusintheworldofmathematics—winningwhat’softencalledthe“NobelPrizeofMath”—hermodesty(謙遜)andsimplicitystoodouttothosewhoknewher.Maryamoriginallywantedtobeawriter,apassionofhersthatneverfadedawayevenduringherpostgraduatestudies.However,shefoundanevengreaterjoyinhowrewardingitfelttosolvemathematicalproblems.Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtoparticipateintheInternationalMathematicalOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwogoldmedalsintwoyears,whichisstillarecord.Shereceivedherbachelor’sdegreeinIranandlaterstudiedatHarvard.In2014,MaryamwasrecognizedwiththeFieldsMedal,thehighest-rankingawardinmathematics.Herworkfocusedoncurvedsurfaceslikesphere(球體).Herachievementshaveapplicationsinotherscientificfieldsincludingengineeringandmaterialscience.Unfortunately,atthattimeshewasalreadyfightingagainstthebreastcancer.Maryam’slegend(傳奇)maycontinuetogrowafterherearlydeath.Stillonly20percentoffull-timemathteachersatU.S.universitiesarewomen.Theexampleofawomanwhorosetothetopofthisstillverymalefieldmayhelpinspiremath’snextgeneration.InthesamewaypeoplethinkofMarieCurieorJaneGoodallasscientificpioneers,MaryamMirzakhaniwillgodowninhistoryasapioneeraswellasamathematicalgenius.24.WhatmadeMaryamfamousworldwide?A.Everlastingloveforwriting.B.Hidingbehindthemedia’sspotlight.C.Fightingforwomen’sequalsocialstatus.D.BeingthefirstfemalewinnerofFieldsMedal.25.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Maryam’searlyexperience.B.Maryam’slifeachievements.C.Maryam’sindividuality.D.Maryam’slifedream.26.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaryamfromthetext?A.Shestoppedworkingwhenshewasfightingagainstcancer.B.Sheencouragedtheyoungergenerationinmathematics.C.Sheappliedmathematicstomaterialscience.D.Shegotherbachelor’sdegreeatHarvard.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMaryamMirzakhani?A.Ableandmodest. B.Toughandenergetic.C.Talentedandoutgoing. D.Determinedandgenerous.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了著名女性數(shù)學(xué)教授瑪麗亞姆·米爾扎哈尼去世的消息。這位菲爾茲數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主幫助重新定義了女性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，尤其是數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的地位。是數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域年輕一代學(xué)者的偶像。她不僅是一位數(shù)學(xué)天才，也是一位先驅(qū)，將被載入史冊(cè)。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“OnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani,StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.(2017年7月14日，斯坦福大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)教授、第一位女性菲爾茲數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主瑪麗亞姆·米爾扎哈尼去世，享年40歲)”可知，她是第一位女性菲爾茲數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主，這是數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域最高級(jí)別的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，通常被稱為“諾貝爾數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”。由此可知，她因此而世界聞名。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Maryamoriginallywantedtobeawriter,apassionofhersthatneverfadedawayevenduringherpostgraduatestudies.However,shefoundanevengreaterjoyinhowrewardingitfelttosolvemathematicalproblems.Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtoparticipateintheInternationalMathematicalOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwogoldmedalsintwoyears,whichisstillarecord.(瑪麗亞姆最初想成為一名作家，即使在她的研究生學(xué)習(xí)期間，她的激情也從未消退。然而，她發(fā)現(xiàn)更大的樂(lè)趣是解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的回報(bào)感。作為一名學(xué)生，她是伊朗國(guó)家隊(duì)第一位參加國(guó)際數(shù)學(xué)奧林匹克(IMO)的女性成員，并在兩年內(nèi)獲得了兩枚金牌，這仍然是一項(xiàng)記錄)”可知，本段主要介紹了她的早期經(jīng)歷。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Maryam’slegend(傳奇)maycontinuetogrowafterherearlydeath.Stillonly20percentoffull-timemathteachersatU.S.universitiesarewomen.Theexampleofawomanwhorosetothetopofthisstillverymalefieldmayhelpinspiremath’snextgeneration.(瑪麗亞姆的傳奇可能會(huì)在她英年早逝后繼續(xù)流傳下去。然而，美國(guó)大學(xué)的全職數(shù)學(xué)教師中只有20%是女性。一位女性在這個(gè)男性占主導(dǎo)地位的領(lǐng)域脫穎而出的例子，可能有助于激勵(lì)數(shù)學(xué)的下一代)”可推知，她的榜樣力量會(huì)鼓舞后來(lái)的學(xué)者們。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics(斯坦福大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)教授、第一位女性菲爾茲數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主)”及第二段“Despitebeingthefirstwomantogainsuchhighstatusintheworldofmathematics—winningwhat’softencalledthe“NobelPrizeofMath”—hermodesty(謙遜)andsimplicitystoodouttothosewhoknewher.(盡管她是第一位在數(shù)學(xué)界獲得如此高地位的女性——獲得了通常被稱為“諾貝爾數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——但她的謙虛和簡(jiǎn)單卻讓認(rèn)識(shí)她的人印象深刻)”可推知，她在數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域是能力非凡的，而且她還是謙虛的。故選A項(xiàng)。CSometimeswearepicturingwhatsportwemightdo:workingoutatthegym,playingonacompetitivesportsteam,swimming,biking,orrockclimbing.However,wedon’toftenthinkofmartialartsaspossibleactivities;instead,werulethemoutbecausewethinkthey’redangerous,uncommon,andeven,impossible.Martialartsaren’tconsideredasport,right?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:you’rewrong!Martialarts.aren’tmuchmorecommonthanpeoplethink,andyoucanstartlearningatanyage.Practicingmartialartsisagreatwaytokeepinshape,bothphysicallyandmentally.They’remuchlessboringandmuchlessarduousthanthey’reusuallydescribedasinmovies,sodonotworrythattheyneedalotofeffort.Martialartsgenerallyrequireyoutofocusonthepositionandmovementofeveryoneofyourlegsandarms,sometimesevenyourbreathingtoo.Thinkaboutit:whenyouleavethegym,yourmentalstatehasimprovedandyouaremuchcalmer.Thisisbecauseyou’veonlypaidattentiontooneactivity.Itisagreatwaytoclearyourhead.Andpracticingmartialartscanhelpyouleantostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.Martialartsalsoimproveyourcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)性),andgreatlyimproveyourposture.Ihavepersonallyseenstudentsgofromslouching(沒(méi)精打采)towalkingtallwiththeirshouldersbackinjustacoupleofmonths.Therearemanystylesandcountlesskindsofmartialarts.Whicheveroneyoulikebetter,knowthatallofthemaregoodchoices.28.Whatisthecommonideatowardsmartialarts?A.Theyarenotapropersporttodo. B.Theyneednoefforttopractice.C.Theyareavailabletoeveryone. D.Theyarewronglydescribedinmovies.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph2mean?A.Attractive. B.Friendly. C.Hard. D.Easy.30.Whichofthefollowingaspectsbenefitsthemostfrompracticingmartialarts?A.Yourmentalstate. B.Yourcoordination.C.Yourconcentration. D.Yourphysicalhealth.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsmartialarts?A.Unclear. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Negative.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了武術(shù)的相關(guān)知識(shí)，包括其好處以及武術(shù)的種類等。28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However,wedon’toftenthinkofmartialartsaspossibleactivities;instead,werulethemoutbecausewethinkthey’redangerous,uncommon,andeven,impossible.(然而，我們通常不認(rèn)為武術(shù)是一種可能的活動(dòng)；相反，我們把它們排除在外，因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為它們是危險(xiǎn)的、不常見(jiàn)的，甚至是不可能的)”可知，我們通常認(rèn)為這不是一項(xiàng)合適的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)槲湫g(shù)是危險(xiǎn)的，不常見(jiàn)的。故選A?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“sodonotworrythattheyneedalotofeffort.(所以不用擔(dān)心它們需要付出很多努力)”可推測(cè)出，武術(shù)并不是那么困難，不用擔(dān)心它們會(huì)需要付出很多努力。選項(xiàng)A“Attractive.(有吸引力的)”；選項(xiàng)B“Friendly(友好的)”；選項(xiàng)C“Hard(困難的)”；選項(xiàng)D“Easy(容易的)”。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Andpracticingmartialartscanhelpyouleantostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.(練習(xí)武術(shù)可以幫助你學(xué)會(huì)保持更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢(shì))”可知，練習(xí)武術(shù)可以讓我們更專注，這是其最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。也就是說(shuō)，我們的專注力從武術(shù)中獲益最大。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Practicingmartialartsisagreatwaytokeepinshape,bothphysicallyandmentally.(練習(xí)武術(shù)是保持體形的好方法，無(wú)論是在身體上還是在精神上)”、第三段“Andpracticingmartialartscanhelpyouleantostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.(練習(xí)武術(shù)可以幫助你學(xué)會(huì)保持更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢(shì))”、第四段“Martialartsalsoimproveyourcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)性),andgreatlyimproveyourposture.(武術(shù)也提高你的協(xié)調(diào)能力，并大大改善你的姿勢(shì))”以及最后一段“Whicheveroneyoulikebetter,knowthatallofthemaregoodchoices.(無(wú)論你更喜歡哪一個(gè)，要知道它們都是不錯(cuò)的選擇)”可知，作者認(rèn)為武術(shù)對(duì)我們身心都有好處。由此推知，作者對(duì)武術(shù)抱有積極的態(tài)度。故選B。DMonkfisharelowincaloriesandtheyareeasytocook.Theycanbecutintopieces,mixedwitheggwhites,cornflourandsalt,andthenputintoboilingwaterforafewminutes.Thereisonlyoneproblemwithmonkfish:theyareugly.Withtheireyesstickingoutandwidemouthsfullofsharpteeth,theyarefrightening.IntheNetherlands,fishermenwhocaughtthemusedtothrowthemback.Theyarestillusuallysoldwithouttheirheads,butthedaysofthrowingthemawayarelonggone.Japanesedinerslovethefattyliver;whileItaliansmaystillcallthemtoadtails,thatdoesn’tstopthemfromeatingthefish.Peoplehavebeenencouragedtoeatmoremonkfish,aswellasotherunattractivecreatures—inordertoensurethebiodiversityoftheoceanenvironment.Therearemoreexamplesforseaanimalsgoingfrom“purposelyavoided”to“willinglyconsumed”.InAmerica,lobstersusedtobefedtoprisoners—aresultoftheirabundancebutalso,nodoubt,becausetheyaredifficulttoeatandlookfrightening.Notuntilthelate19thcenturydidtheybecomefantasticdish.TodaytheyaresodesirablethatMaine,wheremostAmericanlobstersarecaught,hastheimagesofthesecreaturesprintedonmanyofitsvehicles.Sometimesfashiongoestheotherway.TurtleswereplentifulinearlyAmerica,butinthe19thcenturytheybecamefashionable:fewfoodsweremorerecommendedthanturtlesoup.Americansatesomespeciesofturtlenearlytoextinction.Yettodayturtle-eatingismorecloselyassociatedwithremoteandunculturedareas.Amongcookingchoices,peopleprefertherareandthebeautifulonethantheunattractiveone.Butsuchnarrow-mindedfoodchoicescanhavebadresults:somespeciesmaynotsurvivehumanpreferenceforthem.Bettertostareintomonkfish’seyesthantocontributetothepermanentlossofaspecies.32.HowweremonkfishtreatedintheNetherlands?A.Theywereabandonedbylocalfishermen. B.Theywerepopularduetotheirfattylivers.C.Theywerecalledtoadtailsfromtimetotime. D.Theywereconsideredadangertotheecosystem.33.Whyarelobstersmentionedinparagraph3?A.TostressitsabundanceinAmerica. B.Tomakeacomparisonwithmonkfish.C.Toproveprisonersusedtobefedonseafood. D.Toshowpeople’sfoodhabitskeepchanging.34.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Turtle-eatinghasbeenoutofdatenow.B.TurtleshavecompletelydisappearedinAmerica.C.Turtleswerepurposelyavoidedamongfoodchoices.D.Turtle-eatingwasagainstfashioninthe19thcentury.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Tointroducerareunderseawildlife. B.Toencouragepeopletoeatseafood.C.Toexplainwhypeopledislikemonkfish. D.Tocallfortheprotectionofbiodiversity.【答案】32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以安康魚(yú)為例，說(shuō)明海洋動(dòng)物從“故意避免”變成“自愿食用”，這一做法是為了保護(hù)生物多樣性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IntheNetherlands,fishermenwhocaughtthemusedtothrowthemback.(在荷蘭，捕獲它們的漁民過(guò)去常常把它們?nèi)踊厝?”可知，在荷蘭，安康魚(yú)被當(dāng)?shù)貪O民遺棄。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Therearemoreexamplesforseaanimalsgoingfrom“purposelyavoided”to“willinglyconsumed”.InAmerica,lobstersusedtobefedtoprisoners—aresultoftheirabundancebutalso,nodoubt,becausetheyaredifficulttoeatandlookfrightening.Notuntilthelate19thcenturydidtheybecomefantasticdish.TodaytheyaresodesirablethatMaine,wheremostAmericanlobstersarecaught,hastheimagesofthesecreaturesprintedonmanyofitsvehicles.(有更多的例子表明，海洋動(dòng)物從“故意避免”變成“自愿食用”。在美國(guó)，龍蝦曾經(jīng)被用來(lái)喂囚犯——這不僅是因?yàn)樗鼈兊臄?shù)量多，而且毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兒茈y吃，而且看起來(lái)很嚇人。直到19世紀(jì)后期，它們才成為美味佳肴。如今，它們是如此搶手，以至于緬因州——美國(guó)龍蝦的主要捕撈地——在許多交通工具上都印上了這些生物的圖像)”可推知，第三段提到了龍蝦是為了顯示人們的飲食習(xí)慣在不斷變化。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Yettodayturtle-eatingismorecloselyassociatedwithremoteandunculturedareas.(然而，今天吃烏龜與偏遠(yuǎn)和未開(kāi)墾的地區(qū)聯(lián)系更緊密)”可知，吃烏龜現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。故選A。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Peoplehavebeenencouragedtoeatmoremonkfish,aswellasotherunattractivecreatures—inordertoensurethebiodiversityoftheoceanenvironment.(為了確保海洋環(huán)境的生物多樣性，人們被鼓勵(lì)多吃安康魚(yú)，以及其他沒(méi)有吸引力的生物)”結(jié)合文章以安康魚(yú)為例，說(shuō)明海洋動(dòng)物從“故意避免”變成“自愿食用”，這一做法是為了保護(hù)生物多樣性?？赏浦?，這篇文章的主要目的是呼吁保護(hù)生物多樣性。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Silenceprovidesourmindandbodywithmuch-neededrest.Itisalsobeneficialforthebrain.Ifyouwanttoknowhowtoaddthepowerofsilencetoyourdailylife,herearethreeways.SpendsometimeofflineeverydayFromsmartphonestolaptopsandmusicsystems,wespendmostofourtimeonelectronicdevices.Althoughtechnologyhasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives,thenoiseoursmartdevicesgeneratecanbeharmfultoourwellbeing._____36_____Youcanstartwith10-15minuteseachdayandincreaseitdependingonyourneeds.GooutintonatureSpendingtimeinnaturecanhelpyougetintouchwithyourinnerself,reducestressandcomfortatroubledmind.____37____Headouttothenearestparkorforestandspendtimeinnature.Youcanspendaleast15-30minuteseverydaysurroundingyourselfwithgreenspaces.Youcaneitherdothisearlyinthemorningbeforestartingyourdailyroutineorintheeveningafterfinishingyourday.Don’tlookatyoursmartphoneswhilespendingtimeinnature.Justbewithyourself,andreplacethenoisesofeverydaylifewiththecomfortingsoundsofbirds.______38______._______39_______Wespendalotoftimetalkingeveryday._____40_____Buthowcanwestaysilentandjustlisten?Youcandothatbybeingmindfulofyourthoughts.Donotspeakforspeaking,butbecauseyourspeechhassomevaluetoaconversation.Allowyourselftolistencarefullytoothersandrespondappropriately.A.Justlistentoothers.B.Talklessandlistenmore.C.Thisway,youcanenjoythepowerofsilence.D.Youdon’tnecessarilyhavetogotofarawayplaces.E.That’swhyit’sofgreatimportancetofindaspotwhereyoucansitrelaxed.F.Often,wespeakwithoutcarefullyconsideringourthoughtsorweighingourwords.G.Agoodwaytotakeabreakfromourtech-drivenlivesistoscheduledailyofflinetime.【答案】36.G37.D38.C39.B40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了，沉默為我們的身心提供了急需的休息，它對(duì)大腦也有好處，對(duì)于如何將沉默的力量運(yùn)用到你的日常生活中，文章介紹了三個(gè)方法。【36題詳解】由小標(biāo)題“Spendsometimeofflineeveryday(每天花點(diǎn)時(shí)間離線)”可知下面兩段作者建議人們每天需要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間離線，下文“Youcanstartwith10-15minuteseachdayandincreaseitdependingonyourneeds.(你可以從每天10-15分鐘開(kāi)始，并根據(jù)你的需要增加時(shí)間)”也講明了可按自身需求選擇離線時(shí)長(zhǎng)，該空內(nèi)容應(yīng)與安排離線時(shí)間相關(guān)，G選項(xiàng)“從科技驅(qū)動(dòng)的生活中解脫出來(lái)的一個(gè)好方法是安排每天的離線時(shí)間。”切合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由小標(biāo)題“Gooutintonature(走進(jìn)大自然)”可知下面兩段作者建議人們每天需要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間走進(jìn)大自然，再結(jié)合下文“Headouttothenearestparkorforestandspendtimeinnature.(前往最近的公園或森林，在大自然中度過(guò)時(shí)光)”可知，該空內(nèi)容應(yīng)與貼近大自然相關(guān)，且應(yīng)該說(shuō)明不需要去很遠(yuǎn)的地方，才能引出下文作者舉的例子：前往最近的公園或森林，D選項(xiàng)“你不一定要去很遠(yuǎn)的地方?！鼻泻险Z(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】本文主要講了如何將沉默的力量添加到你的日常生活中的三種方法，小標(biāo)題“Gooutintonature(走進(jìn)大自然)”可知方法之一是人們每天需要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間走進(jìn)大自然。上文“Youcaneitherdothisearlyinthemorningbeforestartingyourdailyroutineorintheeveningafterfinishingyourday.Don’tlookatyoursmartphoneswhilespendingtimeinnature.Justbewithyourself,andreplacethenoisesofeverydaylifewiththecomfortingsoundsofbirds.(你可以在早上開(kāi)始日常生活前做這件事，也可以在晚上結(jié)束一天的工作后做這件事情。在大自然中度過(guò)時(shí)光時(shí)，不要看你的智能手機(jī)。只要和自己在一起，用鳥(niǎo)的叫聲代替日常生活中的噪音)”講的是具體如何花時(shí)間走進(jìn)大自然的方法，該空處于本部分結(jié)尾處，應(yīng)說(shuō)明這一做法的意義：享受沉默的力量，C選項(xiàng)“這樣，你就可以享受沉默的力量?！鼻泻险Z(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】該空選取小標(biāo)題，需總結(jié)下文。由下文“Wespendalotoftimetalkingeveryday.(我們每天都花很多時(shí)間交談)”和“Buthowcanwestaysilentandjustlisten?Youcandothatbybeingmindfulofyourthoughts.Donotspeakforspeaking,butbecauseyourspeechhassomevaluetoaconversation.Allowyourselftolistencarefullytoothersandrespondappropriately.(但我們?cè)趺茨鼙３殖聊?，只是傾聽(tīng)？你可以通過(guò)注意自己的想法來(lái)做到這一點(diǎn)。不要為了說(shuō)話而說(shuō)話，而是因?yàn)槟愕难葜v對(duì)談話有一定的價(jià)