2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成學案新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUNIT3SEAEXPLORATION閱讀P32教材課文中的材料，選擇最佳答案1．WhatisthemainideaoftheText1?A．Theproblemscausedbyexploringthesea.B．Thepollutioncausedbyexploringthesea.C．Theclimatechangecausedbyexploringthesea.D．Theoverfishingcausedbyexploringthesea.2．Whathashadmanybirdsandfishkilled?A．Burningmoreoil.B．Plasticpollution.C．Miningforresources.D．Overfishing.3．Whydowehavetoexploretheseamore?A．Toknowourplanetbetter.B．Tomeetoureconomicneeds.C．Toimproveourtechnology.D．Todiscovernewresources.4．Whatcanhelpustopredictearthquakes?A．Managingresources.B．Loggingnewspecies.C．Accessingthedeepocean.D．Understandingenvironmentalrisks.[答案]1－4ABACWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)mercyn．慈愛；寬??；恩惠[教材原句P32]Althoughthiswasbannedin1982，somecountriesarestill“murdering”theseintelligentcreatureswithoutmercy.正在盡管這種行為在1982年就被禁止了，但一些國家仍舊在毫不留情地“謀殺”這些聰慧的生物。[例1]Wenevershowmercytobadpeople.我們對壞人是決不留情的。[例2]It'samercythattheaccidenthappenedsoclosetothehospital.幸虧車禍發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。[造句]他受到無情地對待。Hewastreatedwithoutmercy.[學問拓展](1)showmercytosb. 憐憫某人havemercyon 對……表示憐憫atthemercyof 任憑……的擺布；在……的支配中withoutmercy 殘忍地，毫無憐憫心地(2)mercifuladj. 慈愛的；寬大的[即學即練]——單句語法填空/一句多譯①Havinglosttheengine'spower，theboatwasnowatthemercyofthewind.②Hewassuchacruelmanthatheshowednomercytoothers.③Hewillbegenerousandmerciful(mercy)tothosewhoareweakerthanhimself.④TheyhadmercyonTomforhesufferedalot.＝TheyshowedmercytoTomforhesufferedalot.他們對湯姆表示憐憫，因為他受的苦難太多了。[小片段填空]Themercifulmerchantshowedmercytothepoorfather，“Don'tscoldhim，hewasamerechild.”(mercy)eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)possessionn．個人財產(chǎn)；擁有；限制[教材原句P32]Theseaishometolife，nothumanbeings'possessions.海洋是生命的家園，而不是人類的財產(chǎn)。[例1]Hecarriedallhisworldlypossessionsinanoldsuitcase.他將全部的個人財物放在了一只舊手提箱里。[例2]Anyoneinfullpossessionofthefactswouldseethatweareright.任何完全了解事實的人都會明白我們是正確的。[造句]你是什么時候擁有新居子的？Whendidyoutakepossessionofyournewhouse?[學問拓展](1)get/takepossessionof 擁有(占有)sb.beinpossessionofsth. 某人擁有/占有某物sth.beinthepossessionofsb. 某物為某人所擁有(2)possessvt. 擁有；具有；支配bepossessedof 具有(某種品質(zhì)或特征)bepossessedwith/by 被……限制[即學即練]——單句語法填空①Shesaidthatshewassuddenlypossessedby/withfear.②Wolffather，whosethreechildrenwenttoPekingUniversity，ispossessed(possess)ofgreatconfidence.③ThecompanythatTomisinpossessionofwasonceinthepossessionofhisuncle.[名師點津]有無冠詞時意義不同的短語：inpossessionof表示主動，意為“擁有……；占有……”，主語通常為表示人的詞語；inthepossessionof表示被動，意為“被……占有”，主語通常為表示物的詞語。類似的還有：①inchargeof負責……，inthechargeof由……負責②incontrolof限制……，inthecontrolof被……限制[小片段助記]Mr.Grossman'scharactersarenotsomuchinpossessionoftheirexperiencesaspossessedbythem.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)logvt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄n．正式記錄；日志；原木[教材原句P32]Loggingnewspecieswillimproveourunderstandingoflifeontheearth.記錄新物種將提升我們對地球生命的了解。[例1]Theroadwasblockedbyfallenlogs.倒下的原木堵住了路面。[例2]Heloggedtheship'sspeedat10knots.他在航海日志中登記船速每小時十海里。[造句]試一試先退出再登錄。Tryloggingoffandloggingonagain.[學問拓展]login/on 進入(系統(tǒng))，注冊，登錄loginto/onto... 進入……，登錄……logoff/out 退出(系統(tǒng))，注銷keepalog 記日志[即學即練]——單句語法填空①IgotanerrormessagewhenItriedtologin/on．②Thepasswordallowstheusertologinto/ontothesystem.③Whenyouarefinished，remembertologoff/outforsecurityreasons.SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重點句式)sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句[教材原句P32]Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我們須要了解我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么，這樣我們才能實行行動。[句式分析]句中sothat“為了，以便，目的是”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，相當于inorderthat(為了)。[例1]Isetupthecomputersothattheycouldworkfromhome.我把電腦設(shè)置好，這樣他們就可以在家辦公了。[例2]Heencouragedhissontomakefriendswiththosearoundhimsothathecouldadapthimselftothenewsurroundingseasily.他激勵兒子跟四周的人交摯友，這樣，他就能很簡單適應(yīng)新環(huán)境了。[造句]我會告知你全部的事實以便你可以自己推斷。Iwilltellyouallthefactssothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.[學問拓展](1)sothat從句中經(jīng)常運用情態(tài)動詞can/could，may/might，will/would等。sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句不能放于句首，而inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。(2)當sothat或inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一樣時，從句可變?yōu)閟oasto或inorderto的動詞不定式短語。[即學即練]——完成句子/一句多譯①Weturnedonthelightsothatwemightseewhatitwas.我們把燈打開，以便看看它是什么。②Inorderthatwecangetthereontime，weshouldsetoutearly.為了剛好趕到那里，我們應(yīng)當早些動身。③Heraisedhisvoicesothat/inorderthathecouldmakehimselfheard．＝Heraisedhisvoicesoasto/inordertomakehimselfheard．＝Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard．他提高了嗓門，以便大家都能聽到。主旨大意題說明文、記敘文、爭論文三種文體涉及的多種話題如社會文化類、人物故事類、科普說明類，都會考查文章大意類題。設(shè)問形式常有：(1)Whatisthemaintheme/topic/ideaofthis/thepassage/thetext?(2)Whatdoesthetext/passagemainlyfocuson?(3)Thepassageismainlyabout．(4)Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageis．(5)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson．解題技巧——“主題句定位”尋主旨文章是由段落組成的。段落的主題就是段落的中心思想，詳細段落的中心思想又是為文章整體中心思想服務(wù)的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解詳細段落中心的基礎(chǔ)上的。找出每小段的主題句，各段的主題句常在該段的首句或尾句，各段主題句的整體歸納便是文章的中心思想。有的文章無明顯主題句，主題句隱含在段意之中，這就須要進一步加工概括。視察全文的結(jié)構(gòu)支配，理解文章的“重心”和支撐性細微環(huán)節(jié)。找主題句四個小竅門1．段落中出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語(如however，but，infact，actually等)時，該句很可能是主題句。2．首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章的主旨。3．作者有意識地重復(fù)的觀點，通常是主旨；反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞。4．表示總結(jié)或結(jié)論的句子常包含therefore，thus，inshort，conclude，conclusion等詞。[典例]Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon，oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks，leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet，Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP．E.class，theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic”．TheideathatIwas“notathletic”stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s，Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself，notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon，IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervously，butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline，myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3，Ipassedasign：“GOFORIT，RUNNERS！”Bymile17，Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain，Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21，Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23，Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a．m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact，Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself，moveforward，freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標簽)，Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”．★Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B．Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B[通讀全文可知，作者在講解并描述自己跑馬拉松的經(jīng)驗，再依據(jù)最終一段“Determinedtobemyself，moveforward，freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標簽)，Icannowcallmyselfa‘marathonwinner’．”可知，作者勝利跑完馬拉松源于自己的強大意志力。故選B。][對點訓練]ABoys&GirlsClubsofKingCountyisproudtoannounceCassy，amemberofWallingfordBoys&GirlsClub，haswonthetitleofourYouthoftheYear.Intotal，12extraordinaryteensfromClubsacrossthecountycompetedforthetitle.Eachcandidatewasjudgedonthefollowing：leadershipandservicetotheirClubandcommunity；theirlifegoalsandvalues；moralcharacter；academicsuccessandtheirpublicspeakingskillsduringaninterview.Cassywalkedawaywiththewinningtitleanda$2，000educationscholarship.Shesaid，“Whentherewasnooneelsetoreachoutto，IknewIcouldturntothestaffattheBoys&GirlsClub.WithouttheClub，Iwouldn'thavehadthestrengthtocontinuemystudieswhileIwashomeless.IhavecometothinkoftheBoys&GirlsClubasnotonlyaplacetogotoafterschool，butashelterandahome.”“Cassyisincrediblyhard-workinganddriven，”saidMeghanSweet，DirectorofWallingfordBoys&GirlsClub.“Shewon'tletherchallengesgetinthewayofhersuccess.TheClubhasprovidedherwithasecondhome，whilesheinreturnhashelpedmaketheClubawarmandwelcomingplacewestrivetoprovideforallourmembers.TheworldneedsmoreyoungwomenlikeCassy，whohasprovedthatanyonewhoisgivenaplaceandanopportunitytodeveloptheirpotentialcanbecomeacommunityleader.”Cassyvaluesthevoicesofindividualswhoarehomeless.Sheherselfhasexperiencedhomelessness，andwantstosharerealstoriesofthehomelesstopromotepeople'sunderstandingofthem.Sheco-foundedastudentorganizationwheresheandotherstudentsinterviewhomelessindividualsandsharetheirstoriesonaFacebookpagecalled“TheUnheardVoicesofSeattle”．★Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A．TheUnheardVoicesofSeattle.B．ThewinneroftheYouthoftheYear.C．Boys&GirlsClubsofKingD．Themovingstoriesofhomelesskids.B[主旨大意題。本文圍繞Cassy獲得Boys&GirlsClubsofKingCounty的“YouthoftheYear”稱號綻開了敘述，然后講解并描述了該稱號的評比條件、Cassy獲獎后的感受、他人對Cassy的評價以及Cassy為讓人們更加了解無家可歸的人而作出的努力等。故選B。]BIfsomepartsofabodyareverysickordamaged，thendoctorsmightneedtoremovethem.Anotherwaydoctorscanhelpistogrownewtissuetoreplacewhatissickordamaged.Thisiscalledregenerativemedicine(再生醫(yī)學)．Regenerativemedicinesoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmoviebutitisnotanewidea.Insideourbones，wehavesomethingcalled“marrow”，whichmakesourbloodandkeepsushealthy.Doctorshavebeengivingsickpeoplethebonemarrowfromotherhealthypeopleforthelast30or40years，andthisisakindofregenerativemedicine.Newerdevelopmentsinregenerativemedicineincludegrowingnewskininalaboratoryandusingittohelppeoplewhohavebeenhurtinfiresoraccidents.Anotherexampleofregenerativemedicineisatechniquedevelopedfromstudyingfrogsandmice.Whencellsareold，likeinadults，theycan'tchangewhattheydoinourbodies.Forexample，askincellcan'tchangeintoaneyecell.Bu