醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)速記大全

醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)速記

howtomastermedicaltermrapidly認(rèn)識(shí)世界的基本方法：3“w”原則whatwhyhowthrombocyto’penialeu’kemialympho’cytic010203whatNo.3醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)（medicalterm）:上述這些單詞來(lái)源于希臘或拉丁詞根,有特定的醫(yī)學(xué)含義，我們將之統(tǒng)稱為－醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ);醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)學(xué)（medicalterminology）：將專門研究它的學(xué)問稱為－醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)學(xué):anintroductiontothelanguageofveterinaryandhumanmedicine.No.2No.1上述的醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)有的人可能不認(rèn)識(shí)，但下面的單詞相信您是認(rèn)識(shí)的carcinoma癌hepatitis肝炎cholesterol膽固醇why三個(gè)數(shù)字10萬(wàn)：醫(yī)學(xué)辭典0萬(wàn)：常用醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯1萬(wàn)：每年醫(yī)學(xué)新詞12醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)究竟有多少?很難說(shuō)清楚。最常用的恐怕也不下1萬(wàn)條左右，若包括較常用的在內(nèi)總有數(shù)萬(wàn)條；一部比較完全的醫(yī)學(xué)詞典，通常都收載有10萬(wàn)條左右的醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯。隨著醫(yī)學(xué)及其邊緣科學(xué)的迅猛發(fā)展，新的術(shù)語(yǔ)仍在與日俱增。特別是最近幾十年來(lái)，每年差不多要出現(xiàn)1000條左右新術(shù)語(yǔ)。因而總的說(shuō)來(lái)，醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)的條數(shù)是一個(gè)非?？捎^的數(shù)量。除了上述三個(gè)原因以外，還有一個(gè)“詞條冗長(zhǎng)”的問題。固然有些醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)和普通的英語(yǔ)單詞差不多，僅由幾個(gè)字母或十幾個(gè)字母組成，通過(guò)反復(fù)地讀和寫能夠記住它們，但也有不少的醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)，卻是長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的一大串.例如：01cystoureteropyelone’phritis02膀胱輸尿管腎盂腎炎03hepatocholangioente’rostomy04肝管小腸吻合術(shù)05請(qǐng)看這樣的醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)，一般由30個(gè)字母組成，如果憑藉我們的記憶能力，硬是把它們一個(gè)字母一個(gè)字母地連續(xù)背下來(lái)，顯然也不是一件輕松的事。問題已經(jīng)擺出來(lái)了，一個(gè)是數(shù)量大，一個(gè)是詞條長(zhǎng)，怎么解決呢?我們能不能仔細(xì)地研究分析一下這千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)條醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成規(guī)律，找出一條“捷徑”來(lái)，使其由多至少、化繁為簡(jiǎn)、從難變易，以利于我們更快、更多、更好地把它們掌握起來(lái)?

how

tomastermedicaltermrapidly

規(guī)律性medicalterm：按構(gòu)詞規(guī)則構(gòu)成的詞占80％；另一部分是人名，藥名等構(gòu)成的詞,占20％；先介紹幾個(gè)有關(guān)詞結(jié)構(gòu)方面的概念。

詞根是一個(gè)單詞的核心詞綴包括前綴和后綴（prefixandsuffix）詞素（morpheme）泛指詞根和詞綴一條醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成，“原則上”應(yīng)該是采用來(lái)源一致的詞素。當(dāng)以兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上詞素構(gòu)成一條醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了讀音上的便利，常常需要在兩個(gè)詞素之間額外加上一個(gè)“連合元音”(也叫“復(fù)合形”或“結(jié)合形”，combiningform)。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在兩個(gè)希臘詞素之間常加用元音“o”，而在兩個(gè)拉丁詞素之間常加用元音“i”(但有時(shí)也有例外)。第一章醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)

構(gòu)詞規(guī)則

下面先舉出幾個(gè)例子，以便取得一個(gè)初步印象。希臘詞素連合元音希臘詞素希臘詞素pyel十o十nephr十itis詞根(腎盂)詞根(腎)詞尾(炎)

→pyelonephritis腎盂腎炎010302希臘詞素連合元音希臘詞素連合元音希臘詞素01leuk+o+cyt+o+peria02詞根(白)詞根(細(xì)胞)詞尾(減少，不足)03→1eukocytopenia04白細(xì)胞減少05拉丁詞素連合元音拉丁詞素mult十i十para詞根(多)詞尾(產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)婦)→multipara多產(chǎn)婦01030204拉丁詞素連合元音希臘詞素希臘詞素01fibr十o十chondr+itis02詞根(纖維)詞根(軟骨)詞尾(炎)03→fibrochondritis04纖維軟骨炎0501從屬關(guān)系：詞根+詞綴關(guān)系02并列關(guān)系：詞根+詞根醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)分類從屬關(guān)系：詞根+詞綴關(guān)系gastr+o+itis→gastritis胃炎規(guī)則一：后綴以元音開頭，“o”省略leuk+o+cyt+o+penia

詞根(白)詞根(細(xì)胞)詞尾(減少）

規(guī)則二：后綴以輔音開頭，“o”不能省略→leukocytopenia

白細(xì)胞減少并列關(guān)系：詞根+詞根

規(guī)則：元音（o）不能省略23145肝管小腸吻合并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系從屬關(guān)系并列關(guān)系從屬關(guān)系hepat+o+cholangi+o+ente’r+o+ostomygastr+o+en’ter+o+ic胃腸的簡(jiǎn)單后綴01復(fù)合后綴02第二節(jié)常用后綴plegia,-uria,-peniaectasia,-malacia,-odynia,復(fù)合后綴：-emia,-algia,-(o)rrhagia,--病，---癥簡(jiǎn)單后綴:-ia(2),conditionpenia

deficiency,lack

不足，缺少,減少leucopenia白細(xì)胞減少0101020304erythropenia紅細(xì)胞減少lymphopenia淋巴細(xì)胞減少thrombopenia血小板減少020304escence(2)adolescence1escent(2)adolescent2ian(2)pediatrician3元音+tion(2)accomodation4ious(2)infectious5ate(2)reticulate6ity(2)disability7單詞重音在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié)的詞尾uriaurinecondition尿（癥）hematuria(hemat/uria)血尿-plegia

stroke,paralysis

中風(fēng)，麻痹thermoplegia(therm/o/plegia)

熱射病，中暑-odynia

pain痛cardiodynia

心痛

malacia

softening軟化01osteomalacia(oste/o/malacia)骨軟化02ectasiaorectasis

stretching,dilatation

擴(kuò)張，膨脹nephrectasia(nephr/ectasia)腎擴(kuò)張angiectasis血管擴(kuò)張bronchiectasis支氣管擴(kuò)張0102ectasis擴(kuò)張-algia

pain痛

arthralgia(atther/algia)

關(guān)節(jié)痛neuralgia神經(jīng)痛arthralgia關(guān)節(jié)痛logoemia

bloodcondition

血病,血癥leukemia(leuk/emia)白血病bacteremia菌血癥septicemia敗血癥

hypercholesterolemia高膽固醇血癥orrhagia

出血gastrorrhagia胃出血簡(jiǎn)單后綴--術(shù)，---法，---癥metry,-otomy,-ectomy,-graphy,-iatry,-ology,-pexy,-plasty,-(o)rrhaphy,-stomy,-scopy,-megalyy:condition,act,process復(fù)合后綴12345logoscopy(3)

examination,processofexaminingvisually

鏡檢查，視診laryngoscopy喉鏡檢查

bronchoscopy支氣管鏡檢查

gastroscopy胃鏡檢查

colonoscopy結(jié)腸鏡檢查

cystoscopy膀胱鏡檢查anastomosis吻合術(shù)colostomy結(jié)腸造口術(shù)gastrostomy胃造口術(shù)-ostomy

processofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween開口或吻合

造口(術(shù))或吻合(術(shù))-(o)rrhaphy

suturing,processofsuturing

縫合術(shù)Hermiorrhaphy疝縫術(shù),疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)

rrhaphy01縫合術(shù)

colporrhaphy陰道縫合術(shù)herniorrhaphy疝縫合術(shù)02plasty(4)

surgicalreshapingorrepair成形術(shù)

arthroplasty關(guān)節(jié)成形術(shù)

urethroplasty尿道成形術(shù)

osteoplasty(oste/o/plasty)骨成形術(shù)成形術(shù)pexy01afixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing

固定術(shù)

hepatopexy肝固定手術(shù)0221ology(3)

actorprocessofstudying

學(xué)Pharmacology藥理學(xué)logist(3)

onewhostudiesandtreats

學(xué)者和治療者urologist(ur/o/logist)泌尿?qū)＜襥atryor–iatrics

healing

愈合,醫(yī)........之術(shù)podiatry醫(yī)足術(shù)graphy(3)01processofrecording02描記術(shù)03graph(3)04thatwhichrecords05描記器06gram(3)07therecorditself08描記圖09-ectomy

excision,processofcuttingout

切除(術(shù))laryngectomy喉切除術(shù)thyroidectomy甲狀腺切除術(shù)mastectomy乳房切除術(shù)cholecystectomy膽囊切除術(shù)appendectomy闌尾切除術(shù)

otomy

incision,processofcuttinginto

切開(術(shù))030201laparotomy剖腹術(shù)tracheotomy氣管切開術(shù)cramiotomy顱骨切開術(shù)metry

measurement

測(cè)量,測(cè)定(術(shù)）dynamometry肌力測(cè)量法pelvimetry骨盆測(cè)量法0102atriomegaly心房肥大ventriculomegaly心室擴(kuò)大splenomegaly脾大typhlomegaly盲腸巨大megalylarge大復(fù)合后綴：-scope,-tome,器械或名詞后綴aninstrumentcele,-cyteetome

instrumentforcutting

刀arthrotome關(guān)節(jié)刀cyte

nounmarker,referringtoacell細(xì)胞leukocyte(leuk/o/cyte)白細(xì)胞

-cele

hernia,herniation

突出，疝，腫

thyrocele(thyr/o/cele)甲狀腺腫

scope

instrumentforviewing

鏡laryngoscope喉鏡01020304bronchoscope支氣管鏡laparoscope腹腔鏡ophthalmoscope檢眼鏡01020304itis(2)inflammation炎癥hepatitis(hepat/itis)肝炎ist

onewhospecializesin……的專家，學(xué)者dermatologist皮膚病專家or(er)

referstoadoer,eitherapersonorthing工作者(人或工具)incisor(in/cis/or)切牙osis(2)acondition,usuallyabnormalorpathological異?；虿±砬闆rsclerosis(scler/osis)硬化癥-oma(2)

swelling,tumor

腫脹，腫瘤

sarcoma(sar/oma)肉瘤ism

acondition,usuallytheresultofapriorcondition

情況，前一情況的結(jié)果01embolism(em/bol/ism)栓塞02(i)um(2)

referstoapartinrelationtoawhole,relatedto

部分與整體關(guān)系，與…有關(guān)pericardium(peri/cardi/um)心包epigastrium(epi/gastr/ium)上腹部ac……的cardiac(cardi/ac)心臟的bronchial(bronch/i/al)01支氣管的02al……的-ar……的tonsillar(tonsill/ar)扁桃體的

ic(2)……的hepatic(hepat/ic)肝的1eal……的2esophageal(esophag/eal)食道ary……的ciliary(cili/ary)睫狀的ous……的含……的分泌…的Amucous(muc/ous)粘液的Bfibrous(fibr/ous)纖維性的Csebaceous(seb/ace/ous)皮脂的oid(3)

類似，象cystoid(cyst/oid)囊樣的meter

instrumentformeasuring測(cè)量用器具thermoneter(therm/o/meter)溫度計(jì)meter(3)

計(jì)、表spiromet呼吸量計(jì),肺量計(jì)01ophthalmometer檢眼計(jì)02-(o)rrhea(1)

flow,discharge

流出，分泌

diarrhea(dia/rrhea)腹瀉

lysis

dissolution溶解

decomposition解體01hemolysis(hem/o/lysist)溶血02pathy

disease,diseasedcondition

病，病理情況ophthalmopathy眼病blast

acellthatisundifferentiated,primitive,embryonic

未分化的原始胚細(xì)胞hemocytoblast成血細(xì)胞、原血細(xì)胞centesis

surgicalpuncturetowithdrawfluid外科穿刺吸液amniocentesis羊膜穿刺術(shù)paracentesis穿刺術(shù)01thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺術(shù)02amniocentesis羊膜穿刺術(shù)abdominocentesis腹腔穿刺術(shù)03centesis穿刺術(shù)1clysis2washing,introductionoffluidforthepurposeofirrigation3洗4bronchoclysis5(bronch/o/clysis)支氣管灌洗01ptosis

afalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan

落下02nephroptosis(nephr/o/ptosis)腎下垂hemoptysis咯血1pyoptysis咯膿2ptysis咳、咯rupture01020304破裂hepatorrhexis(hepat/o/orhexis)肝破裂(o)rrhexissclerosis1ahardening2硬化3arteriosclerosis4(hepat/o/sclerosis)動(dòng)脈硬化5stasis停止，制止arresting,haltingbacteriostasis(bacteri/o/stasis)制菌作用2341No.3stenosis

anarrowing,astricture變狹，狹窄arteriostenosis

(arteri/o/stenosis)動(dòng)脈狹窄No.2No.1gram圖像electrocardiogram心電圖electroencephalogram腦電圖graph

描記器01pneumograph呼吸描記器02emetic催吐的antiemetic止吐的0102emesis嘔吐50個(gè)常用詞根adenangiarteriarthrblepharbronchcardicelicephalcerebrglandvesselarteryjointeyelidbronchusheartabdomen(abdominalcavity)headcerebrum,brain50個(gè)常用詞根cheilcholangidermatencephalentererythresophaggastrhepathypnlipbileductskinbrainintestinesredesophagusstomachliversleep50個(gè)常用詞根hysterlaparlaryngmammmeningmymyelmyelonnephrneuruterusabdomenlarynxbreastmeningesmusclebonemarrow;spinalcordbonemarrowkidneynerve50個(gè)常用詞根psychrachirhinsplenstomatthoractracheurethrutervesicmindvertebra;spinalorvertebralcolumnnosespleenmouththorax(chest)tracheaurethrauterusbladder;sac50個(gè)常用詞根ophthalmorchidosteotpancreatpharyngphrenpleurpneumonprocteyetestis;testicleboneearpancreaspharynxmindpleuralung;airrectum第三節(jié)前綴

a-用于非h或非元音字母開頭的形容詞前（否則，變?yōu)閍n-）,amorphous無(wú)定形的anhydrosis無(wú)汗癥a+adj→adj表否定:withoutorabsenceof不,無(wú),沒有,缺離apnea呼吸暫停12345a-②用在名詞前,含有in,on,at,by,with,to等意：a+n→advasleep在熟睡中(in)ahead在前頭(in)aside在一邊（by）abreast肩并肩地（with）1a+n→adjalight燃燒的2a+adj→advaloud高聲地aright正確地ab-

from,awayfrom

從，離開01在m,p,v之前用a-;在c,q,t之前用ab-abarticular關(guān)節(jié)脫位02ad-

to,toward,near

向，靠近，到……上adrenal腎上腺在g前變?yōu)閍g01f前變?yōu)閍f,afferent02在l前變?yōu)閍l03在n前變?yōu)閍n04在r前變?yōu)閍r05在s前變?yōu)閍s06在t前變?yōu)閍t07在sc,sp,st前變?yōu)閍-08在c,k,q同化成ac09ana-

up,backagain

向上，重回到anabolism合成代謝ante-before

在前

anteflexion前屈

12bi(n,s)

two,double

兩，加倍,二biceps二頭肌2autotrophic自營(yíng)的1auto-

self

自己apo-

upon

在…之上apogee遠(yuǎn)地點(diǎn)0102anti-

against

反抗antidote解毒劑antero-

front

前01anteroposterior前后的02circum-

around

環(huán)行，圍繞circumduction環(huán)行運(yùn)動(dòng)brady-

slow

緩慢的01bradycardia心率緩慢022catabiosis老化現(xiàn)象1cata-

downco(n)-

with,together

與……，在一起cocarcimogenesis輔致癌物質(zhì)12543h或元音字母前變成co-,l前變成col-b,m,p前變成com-r前變成cor-在c,d,f,g,j,n,q,s,t,v前用con-12345co(n)-01contra-

against

反抗02contraceptive節(jié)育dia-

though;complete

通過(guò)，透過(guò)，橫過(guò)diarthermy透熱法di-

twice,double

二倍，加倍diarthric兩關(guān)節(jié)的de-

from;downfrom;lackof從.........,缺乏，脫deoxidation 脫氧STEP3STEP2STEP1apart,freefrom,separate,toundo;freefro離開，分開dislocation脫位，脫臼二，加倍disulfidedis-dys-bad,painful,difficult,labored,abnormal困難的，緩慢的，疼痛的.dysentery痢疾12ec(to)-

outside,outer

外面，在外ectoderm外胚層en-

（在b,m,p之前變成em-）in,within

內(nèi)，在內(nèi)encephalic腦endo-

inside,inner,within

內(nèi),內(nèi)部endocrine內(nèi)分泌eu-(←mal-)

good,well,normal

好、正常，佳，優(yōu)euphoria欣快，精神愉快epi-

over,upon,on

外面，上面,表，表位，在......上面01epigastrium上腹部02eso-

inwardesocataphoria內(nèi)下隱斜視e-

外出，除去，缺ecaudate無(wú)尾的01ex（o）-outof,from,outside,outward外面，向外的,在……之外，離開excision切除020304在b,d,g,h,m,n,r之前有時(shí)變成e-在f前變成ef-efferent傳出的05061extra-

outsideof,beyond在………外面，超過(guò)2extracorporeal體外的hemi-

half

半01hemiparalysis偏癱02hyper-

above,excessive高，過(guò)度，過(guò)多的1hypertention高血壓2hypo-

under,lessthannormal,below,incomplete,deficient

低少于正常,低，不足的，有缺陷的hypoglycemia低血糖12in-

in,into

在內(nèi),進(jìn)入01ingestion攝入02in-01not02否定,不03incoagulability不凝性04在b,m,p之前變成im-05在l前變成il-06在r前變成ir-07infra-

below,lower

在下,低于infracostal肋下的intra-

within

（在）內(nèi)intravenous靜脈的inter-

between

在---之間interventricular室間的01meta-after,beyond,change偏,旁,變02macro-large大03mal-bad,malnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良04meso-middlemesoderm中胚層micro-small小neo-（←paleo-）new新multi-many多nulli-none無(wú)ob-

（在c,f,g,p前分別變成

oc-,of-,og-,op-）

對(duì)抗，顛倒，在前，朝向，接近1obovate倒卵形的2pan-

all,total

(在b,m,p之前變成pam-)

完全，全部，總，泛，多panangitis血管全層炎para-

beside,alongside,abnormal,beyond,around

旁，附著，異常01paranephric腎旁的，腎上腺的02(-para)產(chǎn)peroral經(jīng)口的2per-

through

通過(guò)1post-

after,behind

在后，在---后方postnasal鼻后的peri-

surrounding(outer),around

周圍perihepatitis肝周炎pre-

before,infrontofpremolar前磨牙semi-

half

半semisynthetic半合成的No.1pros-No.2to,near,inadditionto到，靠近，加上prosthetice修復(fù)學(xué)pro-

before,infrontof

在之前prognosis預(yù)后poly-

many,muchpolypeptide多肽01re-back02retro-back;behindsub-

under,below

在下subcutaneous皮下的supra-

above,over

高于，超過(guò)supracranial顱上的super-

above,over

高于，超過(guò)superlactation泌乳過(guò)多01syn-

（在b,m,p之前變成sym-）with,together,joined

與……在一起，合成02synapse突觸，神經(jīng)鍵trans-

across,through,over,beyondtransabdominal通過(guò)腹部的tachy-

fast;rapidtachycardia心動(dòng)過(guò)速tetra-

fourtetralogy四聯(lián)癥0102tri-threetrimester三月期uni-oneunilateral單側(cè)的ultra-

beyond;excessultrasonic超聲的partⅡ各系統(tǒng)常用詞根與例詞表

第一章心血管系統(tǒng)cardiovascular心血管的cardiogenic心源性的cardiopulmonary心肺的cardiopathy心臟病cardi(o)-心atrial心房的01atriopeptin心房肽激素02atrioventricular房室的atriomegaly心房肥大03atri(o)-心房ventricular(心)室的ventriculoarterial心室動(dòng)脈的01ventriculography心室造影術(shù)ventriculomegaly心室擴(kuò)大01ventricul(o)-心室valv(o)-

01valvul(o)-02瓣膜03valvular瓣膜的04valvotomy瓣膜切開術(shù)05valvoplasty瓣膜成形術(shù)06valvuloplasty瓣膜成形術(shù)07vas(o)-angi(o)血管vascular血管的vasoconstriction血管收縮12345vasculitis脈管angiography血管造影術(shù)angiotensin血管緊張素vasodilator血管舒張(的)arterial動(dòng)脈的arteriography動(dòng)脈造影術(shù)arteriosclerosis動(dòng)脈硬化arteritis動(dòng)脈炎01020304arteri(o)-動(dòng)脈010203arteriolar小動(dòng)脈的arterioloscleroisis小動(dòng)脈硬化arteriolopathy小動(dòng)脈病arteriolonecrosis小動(dòng)脈壞死arteriolitis小動(dòng)脈炎arteriolovenous小動(dòng)脈靜脈的arteriol(o)-小動(dòng)脈ven(o)-

phleb(o)-靜脈venous靜脈的venoconstriction靜脈收縮venography靜脈造影術(shù)venodilation靜脈擴(kuò)張phlebitis靜脈炎phlebotomy靜脈切開術(shù)0102venular小靜脈的venulitis小靜脈炎venul(o)-小靜脈aortic主動(dòng)脈的aortography主動(dòng)脈造影術(shù)aortitis主動(dòng)脈炎aortotomy主動(dòng)脈切開術(shù)aort(o)主動(dòng)脈capillar(o)-毛細(xì)

血管capillarity毛細(xì)作用capillaritis毛細(xì)管炎capillaropathy毛細(xì)血管病pulsed脈搏的，脈沖的pulseless無(wú)脈搏的01pulsation搏動(dòng)02pulsate搏動(dòng)03puls(o)-脈搏第二章呼吸系統(tǒng)呼吸respiratory呼吸的expiratory呼氣的inspiratory吸氣的expire呼氣spir(o)020103050604pneum(o)-呼吸pneumothorax氣胸pneumomediastinum縱隔積氣pneumat(o)-呼吸1pneumatic氣的，呼吸的pneumotosis積氣癥2pnea呼吸apnea呼吸暫停dyspnea呼吸困難pneo-呼吸eupnea呼吸正常pneogram呼吸運(yùn)動(dòng)描記圖naso-鼻nasal鼻的nasolacrimal鼻淚的0201nas(o)-鼻nasopharyngeal鼻咽的nasotracheal鼻氣管的rhin(o)-鼻rhinitis鼻炎rhinotracheitis鼻氣管rhinovirus鼻病毒rhinopneumonitis鼻肺炎laryngoscope喉鏡laryngoscopy喉鏡檢查laryngitis喉炎laryngeal喉的laryng(o)-喉01glottic聲門的，舌的02glottal聲門的03glottitis舌炎04glottology舌學(xué)glott(o)-聲門,舌tracheal氣管的trachectomy氣管切開術(shù)trachitis氣管炎tracheobronchial氣管支氣管的01030204trache(o)-氣管bronchial支氣管的bronchoconstriction支氣管收縮bronchitis支氣管炎bronchiectasis支氣管擴(kuò)張bronchopulmonary支氣管肺的bronch(o)-支氣管01bronchiolitis細(xì)支氣管炎bronchioli(bronchiolus復(fù)數(shù))02bronchiolar細(xì)支氣管的bronchiolectasis細(xì)支氣管擴(kuò)張bronchiol(o)-細(xì)支氣管pulmonology肺科學(xué)pulmonary肺的pulmonectomy全肺切除術(shù)pulmo(n)-肺pneumonia肺炎pneumonectomy肺切除術(shù)pneumoconiosis塵肺病01pneumococcal肺炎球菌的pneumocyte肺細(xì)胞02pneumon(o)-肺alveolar小泡的alveolitis肺泡炎alveoli(alveoli復(fù)數(shù))alveolocapillary肺泡毛細(xì)管的alveol(o)-肺泡pleural胸膜的01pleuritis肺胸膜炎02pleurisy胸膜炎pleuropneumonia胸膜肺炎03pleur(o)-胸膜第三章消化系統(tǒng)

digestive消化的maldigestion消化不良ingestion食入，攝入indigestion消化不良gest(o)-消化02010304pepsin胃蛋白酶dyspepsia消化不良pepstatin胃酶抑素pepsinogenic胃蛋白原的peps(o)-消化01pharyngeal咽的05pharyngoplasty咽成形術(shù)03pharyngitis咽炎02pharyngo1aryngeal咽喉的04pharyngotonsillitis咽扁桃體炎pharyngectomy咽部分切除術(shù)06pharyng(o)-咽esophageal食管的esophagectomy食管切除術(shù)esophagitis食管炎esophagoscopy食管鏡檢查12esophag(o)-食管gastrointestinal胃腸的gastrin促胃液素gastric胃的gastritis胃炎gastrectomy胃切除術(shù)gastroenterology胃腸病學(xué)030201050406gastr(o)-胃030201stomachial胃的stomachodynia胃痛stomachalgia胃痛stomachoscopy胃檢查stomach-胃030201enterotoxin腸毒素enterobacteriaceae腸桿菌科enteric,enteral腸的enterococcus腸球菌科enter(o)-腸01duodenal十二指腸的duodenogastric十二指腸胃的02duodenitis十二指腸炎duodenoscopy十二指腸鏡檢查duoden(o)-十二指腸jejunal空腸的jejunoileal空腸回腸的jejunitis空腸炎jejunostomy空腸造口術(shù)03040201jejun(o)-空腸ileorectal回腸直腸的ileocecal回腸盲腸的ileocolostomy回腸結(jié)腸吻合術(shù)ileitis回腸炎ileocolic回腸結(jié)腸的ileal回腸的ile(o)-回腸colonoscopy結(jié)腸鏡檢查colonofibroscope纖維結(jié)腸鏡colonic結(jié)腸的colonoplasty結(jié)腸成形術(shù)colon(o)-結(jié)腸cecal盲腸的01cecoapendicular盲腸闌尾的02cecocolonic盲腸結(jié)腸的03cecorectal盲腸直腸的04cec(o)-盲腸231typhlitis盲腸炎typhlostomy盲腸造口術(shù)typhlocolitis盲腸結(jié)腸炎typhlomegaly盲腸巨大typhl(o)-盲腸appendic(o)-闌尾appendicitis闌尾炎appendiceal闌尾的append(ic)ectomy闌尾切除術(shù)sigmoidal乙狀結(jié)腸的sigmoidoscopy乙狀結(jié)腸鏡檢查sigmoiditits乙狀結(jié)腸炎sigmoidostomy乙狀結(jié)腸造口術(shù)壹貳sigmoid(o)-乙狀結(jié)腸1rectoromanoscopy直腸乙狀結(jié)腸鏡檢查32rectocolitis直腸結(jié)腸炎rectal直腸的rect(o)-直腸an(o)-肛門anal肛門的anorectal肛門直腸的perianal肛周的anoscopy肛門鏡檢查01proctalgia肛門痛proctatresia肛門閉鎖02procto(co)-肛門arch(o)—肛門architis肛門炎archoptosis脫肛cholecyst(o)-or–cyst-

膽囊01cholecystitis膽囊炎03cho1ecystokinin縮膽素05cholecystotomy膽囊切開術(shù)02cholecystography膽囊造影術(shù)04cholecystectomy膽囊切除術(shù)06cholecyststomy膽囊造口術(shù)jec-肝jecoral肝的jecoicacid肝酸12hepatic肝的heparin肝素hepatitis肝炎hepatocellular肝細(xì)胞的hepat(o)-肝pancreatic胰的pancreatin胰酶pancreatitis胰腺炎pancreatopeptidase胰肽酶pancreat(o)-胰choledoch(o)-膽總管choledochal膽總管的choledochocele膽總管囊腫cholangitis膽管炎cholangiopancreatography膽管胰造影術(shù)cholangiography膽管造影術(shù)holangi(o)-膽管

第四章泌尿系統(tǒng)

03urination排尿02urinalysis尿分析（法）01urinary尿的，泌尿的urin(o)-尿01ur(o)-02uron(o)-03尿04urology泌尿?qū)W05urodynamics尿動(dòng)力學(xué)06uremia尿毒癥07urogenital泌尿生殖器的ren(o)-腎01renal腎的renography腎x線照相術(shù)renin腎素renovascular腎血管的02nephritis腎炎4nephron腎單位5nephrology腎病學(xué)1nephrectomy腎切2nephropathy腎病變3nephrotoxicity腎毒性6nephr(o)-腎pelvi-腎盂pelviscopy腎盂檢查術(shù)ueteropelvic輸尿管腎盂的pelviplasty腎盂成形術(shù)pelviureteral腎盂輸尿管的12pyel(o)-腎盂pyelonephritis腎盂腎炎pyelography腎盂造影術(shù)ureterocele輸尿管囊腫04ureteric輸尿管的03ureteroscopy輸尿管鏡檢查02ureteral輸尿管的01ureter(o)-輸尿管vesical膀胱的vesicostomy膀胱造口術(shù)vesicovaginal膀胱陰道的veslcorectal膀胱直腸的vesic(o)-膀胱cystic囊(膀胱，膽囊)的01cystostomy膀胱造口術(shù)04cystoscopy膀胱鏡檢查02cystitis膀胱炎03cyst(o)-膀胱01meatal道的，口的meatoscope尿道窺鏡meatotomy尿道口切開術(shù)meatoplasty尿道成形術(shù)02meat(o)-尿道01urethral尿道的urethritis尿道炎u(yù)rethrotomy尿道切開術(shù)urethroplasty尿道成形術(shù)0203urethr(o)-尿道第五章內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)

secretagogue促分泌的secretin促胰液素分泌secrete分泌secretory分泌的secret(o)-crin(o)-分泌endocrinology內(nèi)分泌學(xué)endocrinopathy內(nèi)分泌病endocrine內(nèi)分泌的autocrine自分泌0302050104gland腺01prostaglandin前列腺素glandula腺，小腺glandular腺的02aden(o)-01腺02adenosine腺(嘌呤核)苷03adenovirus腺病毒04adenocarcinoma腺癌05adenoma腺瘤06ypothalam(o)-

hypothalamic下丘腦的hypothalamitis下丘腦炎hypothalamoneurohypophyseal下丘腦-神經(jīng)垂體系統(tǒng)32145hypophyseal垂體的pituitarism垂體機(jī)能障礙hypophysiotropic促垂體的hypophysectomy垂體切除術(shù)hypophyseoprivic垂體分泌缺乏的hypophys(o)-垂體pinealism松果體機(jī)能障礙pinealopathy松果體病pinealectomy松果體切除術(shù)pinealoma松果體瘤pineal(o)松果體thyroiditis甲狀腺炎1thyroxine甲狀腺素2hyrotrophin促甲狀腺激素thyroglobulin甲狀腺球蛋白triiodothyronine三碘甲腺原氨酸3thyr(o)-甲狀腺Aodrenaline腎上腺素Badrenergic腎上腺素能的Cadrenoceptor腎上腺素能受體Dadrenocorticotrophic促腎上腺素皮質(zhì)的adren(o)-腎上腺01gonadotropin促性腺激素02gonadal性腺的03gonadorelin促性腺激素釋放激素gonad(o)-性腺第六章肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)

muscular肌的1musculoskeletal肌骨胳的musculotendinous肌腱的2muscul(o)-肌肉my(o)-肌肉01myocardial心肌的myopathy肌病myocyte肌細(xì)胞myometrium子宮肌層0201osse(o)-骨02osseocartilaginous骨軟骨的osseous骨的osteoporosis骨質(zhì)疏松癥01osteosarcoma骨肉瘤02osteoarthritis骨關(guān)節(jié)炎03osteomyelitis骨髓炎04oste(o)-骨cartilagin(o)-

軟骨cartilaginoid軟骨樣的01cartilaginous軟骨的02chondr(o)-軟骨chondrocyte軟骨細(xì)胞chondrosarcoma軟骨肉瘤ten(o)-

tend(o)腱tendomyopathy肌腱炎1tendosynovitis腱鞘炎2tendinitis腱炎3tenalgia腱痛4ligamentous韌帶的ligamentrupture韌帶破裂0102ligament(o)-韌帶骨骼02skelet(o)-01skeletology骨骼學(xué)04skeletal骨骼的03cranial顱的01craniotomy顱骨切開術(shù)02crani(o)-顱骨spin(o)-脊柱01spinal棘的，脊柱的spinogram脊柱x線照片02rachi(o)-01脊柱02rachitic佝僂病的03rachischisis脊柱裂04rachialgia脊柱痛05rachianesthesia脊髓麻醉06040301coccyg(o)-coccygeal尾骨的尾骨coccyalgia尾骨痛02sacr(o)-骶骨sacral骶骨的sacroiliac骶髂的sacr(o)-sacr(o)-cost(o)–1肋骨2costal肋骨的3costochondral肋骨軟骨的4stern(o)-胸骨sternocleidomastoid胸鎖乳突的ischi(o)-

坐骨ischial/ischiatic坐骨的ischiopupic坐骨恥骨的010201articul(o)-02arthr(o)-03關(guān)節(jié)04articular關(guān)節(jié)的05arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎第七章液體、分泌物與免疫系統(tǒng)umor-

液體

humoral體液的0102humoralism體液學(xué)說(shuō)sanguinopurulent膿血的04sanguineous血液的03血液02sangui-01hema-

血液hemafecia便血hemacytometer血細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)器0102em(o)-

1液

2hemostasis止血，血停止3hemopoletlc生(造)血的4heme血紅素5hemolysin溶血素6hemophilia血友病7hemodilution血液稀釋823145hemodialysis血液透析hemoglobin血紅蛋白hemorrhage出血hemolytic溶血的血液haem(o)-hematology血液學(xué)01hematocrit血細(xì)胞比容02hemttoma血腫03hematuria血尿04haemat(o)-血液hematologic血液學(xué)的01hematogenous血原性的02hemat(o)-血液plasmin纖維蛋白溶解酶0102plasminogen