專題03 閱讀理解10道

專題03閱讀理解10道Manypeoplesaythattheyareworkingtoomanyhours.Theydon'thaveenoughtimetorelaxortostaywiththeirfamily.Workhoursaredifferentfromonecountrytoanother.InFrance,peoplespendabout1,646hoursayearatwork.InJapan,however,peopleworkabout2,159hoursayear.ThatmeansaJapaneseworkerworks513morehoursayearthanaFrenchworker.Whydopeopleworksomanyhours?Somepeopleworkextrahoursbecausetheywanttomakemoremoney.However,manycompaniesdon'tpayovertime.Theirworkersdon'tgetmorepayformorework.Somepeoplethinkit'stheirdutytoworkmorehours.Someareafraidoflosingtheirjobsiftheydon'tworkmorehours.Manypeoplesaythattheirvacationsaretooshort.InFrance,peoplegetfiveweeksofpaidvacationayear.InGermany,theygetfourtosixweeks,andintheUnitedStates,twoweeks.Onestudyshowsfewerthanhalfofworkersusedalltheirvacationdays.InGreatBritain,thereisasaying,"AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadull(遲鈍的)boy."Ifthatistrue,theremustbealotofdullpeopleintheworld.1．AJapaneseworkerworks__________morehoursayearthanaFrenchone.A．513 B．1,646 C．2,159 D．3,8052．Theword"extra"inParagraph3means___________.A．正常的 B．額外的 C．有用的 D．少量的3．Peoplein________getonlytwoweeksofpaidvacationayear.A．France B．Germany C．theUnitedStates D．GreatBritain4．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Nocompaniesoffervacationstotheirworkers.B．Manypeoplesaytheyhaveenoughtimetorelax.C．Notallcompaniespaytheirworkersformorework.D．Morethanhalfofworkersusealltheirvacationdays.5．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Manyworkershavetoworklonghours.B．Manypeoplehavevacationslongenough.C．Workhoursarethesamearoundtheworld.D．Therearealotofdullpeopleintheworld.Youmightnotthinkmuchaboutwhereyourgarbagegoes.Butnowyoumightwanttoknow.OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy(垃圾分類政策).Peoplethereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldothesamesoon.Garbagesortingisabigproblembecausethereistoomuchgarbagethesedays.Itisbadforourenvironment.Infact,wecanmakeuseofsomegarbageagain.Butfirst,weneedtosortit.Forexample,ifyouputanoldbattery(電池)intothe"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebatterywillendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.GarbagesortingandrecyclingaroundtheworldGermany:Therearebigmachinesinsupermarkets.Youcanputbottlesinthemachinesandgetmoneyback.Japan:Atruckplayingmusiccomestopeople'sdoorstopickuptheirgarbage.Thereareeightormorekindsofgarbage.Ifyousortanyofthemwrong,youwillgetanoticeonyourdoor.Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobus-stations.Anhour-longbusridecoststhreelargebottles.FourkindsofgarbageinShanghaiRecyclablegarbageincludespaper,books,plasticitems,andglassbottles.Harmfulgarbageincludeslamps,batteries,andotherthingswithharmfulchemicals(化學(xué)品).Wetgarbageusuallycomesfromthekitchen,suchasfoodandvegetables.Drygarbageisanythingyoucannotputintotheotherthreebins,pensandtowels,forexample.6．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．ManycountriestakeShanghai'sgarbage-sortingpolicy.B．ManyothercitiesinChinahavegarbage-sortingpolicies.C．ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChinatomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.D．Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.7．Thewritergivesthe"battery"exampletotellus________.A．howtosortourgarbage B．howimportantsortingisC．whatharmfulwasteis D．howdifficultsortingis8．Ifyou________,youcantakeafreebusrideinIndonesia.A．putbottlesinamachine B．takeplasticbottlestothestationC．getanoticeon,thedoor D．putgarbageintodifferentbins9．Whichbinshould"newspapers"goto?A． B． C． D．10．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SortGarbage,SaveEarth B．LessGarbage,CleanerEnvironmentC．CleanShanghai,BeautifulChina D．DifferentCountries,DifferentPoliciesTherearequiteafewadvantagesofwearingschooluniforms(校服).Theideamayseemdisagreeableatfirst,butthinkingallthegoodresultsofwearinguniforms,youwouldbemorelikelytoenjoythem.Teachersloveschooluniformsbecausetheyprovideagoodlearningenvironmentforstudents.Andtheycanpaytheirattentiontostudyratherthanstyle.Buyingschooluniformsiseasyandneedslessthought.Nomatterwhattheschoolrulesare,thereareonlybasicpiecestotheclothesthatarenecessary,andschooluniformscanlastalongtime,soit_won’t_break_the_bank.Parentscouldalsoenjoyaneasymorning,asitwilltakelesstimetochooseasetofclothesfortheschoolday.Studentswearinguniformswillfeeleasieraboutchoosingwhattowear.Somestudentsmaynotlikethelackofindividuality(個(gè)性)withuniforms,butsomeschooldressrulesmayofferthemthechancetoshowtheirunique(獨(dú)特的)styles.Anduniformstodayarealsobecomingmorefashionableandcanbefoundinmanyareasofpopculture.Superstarsandfashiondesigners(設(shè)計(jì)師)areusinguniformsasencouragementfornewlookswhichalsointereststudents.11．Teachersthinkthatwearingschooluniforms________.A．isjustatraditionB．makesstudentsfeeluncomfortableC．helpsstudentspayattentiontotheirstudyD．makesstudentsloseuniquestyles12．Theunderlinedpart“itwon’tbreakthebank”inthethirdparagraphmeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)schooluniformdoesn’tcostalotofmoney B．studentsshouldwearuniformseverydayC．parentshavetogotothebankmanytimes D．parentsworkinginabankcanaffordtheuniform13．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatschooluniforms________.A．willbedesignedbystudents B．a(chǎn)renotpopularwithsuperstarsC．a(chǎn)renotacceptedbyparents D．willbemorefashionableinthefuture14．Accordingtotheauthor(作者),wearingschooluniformsis________.A．bad B．good C．tiring D．a(chǎn)wful15．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtodealwithstudyinschool. B．Howtodress.C．Thehistoryofwearingschooluniforms. D．Theadvantagesofwearingschooluniforms.AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem:"Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(誰(shuí)知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)."Butsadly,manyofusdon'tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don'twastefood.ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatfoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?No,accordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere925millionhungrypeoplearoundtheworldin2010,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinggenerous(慷慨的).Manyevenfeelthattheylosefaceiftheirguestshaveeatenallthefoodonthetable.Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,gotfired(開(kāi)除)becauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.Manypeoplestoodbyhersideandagreedthatitwasnotrighttowastefood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetowastelessfood?Herearesometips:◆Donotordertoomuchinarestaurant.Onlyorderwhatyouwanttoeat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouordered,taketherestofithome.◆Don'tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynottastegreat.Butyourbodyneedsit.◆Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don'tbuytoomuch,especiallyforvegetablesandfruit.16．AccordingtoNewsOnePlusOne,Chinesepeople___________.A．saveenoughfoodtofeed200millionpeopleforayearB．throwawaylotsoffoodeveryyearC．getenoughfoodtofeedmillionsofpeopleeveryyearD．havetofeed200millionhungrypeopleeveryyear17．Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthat___________.A．wehavetoomuchfoodtofeedpeopleintheworldB．therewere925millionpeopleindevelopingcountriesC．becauseofhunger,sixmillionchildrendieeveryyearD．thereareonlyafewpeoplegettinghungryeveryyear18．Fromthefourthandfifthparagraphs,wecanconclude(得出結(jié)論)that___________.A．a(chǎn)llChinesepeoplearegenerousB．ChinesepeoplealwayswastefoodC．LiHonggotfiredbecauseshewastedfoodD．everyoneshouldgetintothehabitofsavingfood19．Whatshouldwedotosavefoodinourdailylife?A．Whenweordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant,justtaketheleftoverfoodhome.B．Eatmorefoodthatdoesn'ttastegreat.C．Weshouldnotbuyvegetablesandfruit.D．Weshouldkeepaneyeonthefoodwelike.20．What'sthemaintopicofthepassage?A．Don'twastefood. B．Manypeopledieofhunger.C．Don'tbepickyaboutfood. D．Eatallthefoodyouorder.Thesedays,teenagersareheavilyinfluencedbythemedia.ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool.Andwehaven'tyetconsideredthehourstheyspendusingtheInternetandreadingnewspapers.However,severalstudieshaveshownaseriousproblem:today'steenagerslackmedialiteracy(媒體素養(yǎng)).Inotherwords,theyhavedifficultlycriticallythinkingabouttheinformationtheysee.Onestudythatwasdoneonmiddleschoolstudentsshowedthatmorethan80percentofthemcouldn'ttellthedifferencebetweenrealstoriesandadsthatlookedlikenews.StandfordprofessorKevinJohnteachesaclasscalledMediaEffects.Hetriestohelphisstudentslearnmedialiteracy.Theprofessorgaveanexamplethatshowswhymedialiteracyisimportant.Intheexample,twonewsstationsreportasnowstorm.Onefocuseson(關(guān)注)theterribleroadconditions.Theotherfocusesonkidsplayinginthesnow."Withanewsstory.newsstationstellyouwhattheyfeelaretheimportantdetails(細(xì)節(jié)).Thesedetailsmostlydependontheopinionsofthenewsdirector."saidJohn."Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon."Someexpertsthinkshoeisthebestplacetoteachmedialiteracy.Otherbelieveeveryone—formparentstoreporters—shouldhelpteenagerslearntheskills.Asforthebesttimetostartlearningmedialiteracy,manyexpertssuggesttheageof12.Butsomebasicideascanbetaughtevenearlier."It'snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy,"Johnsaid.21．Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanlearnthatteenagerstodayspendmoretime______.A．usingtheInternetthanwatchingTVB．watchingTVthanstudyingatschoolC．studyingatschoolthanreadingnewspapers22．Theunderlinedword"lack"inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．缺乏 B．質(zhì)疑 C．誤解23．Theexampleshowsthatapersonwhohasmedialiteracy_______aboutanewsstory.A．shouldhavethesameopinionsasothersB．couldthinkaboutisgoodandbadsidesC．mustknowaboutalltheimportantdetails24．ProfessorKevinJohnwouldagreethat_______.A．everyoneissupposedtohelpchildrenlearndifferentskillsB．childrenshouldbetaughtmedialiteracyasearlyaspossibleC．newsdirectorsshouldreportthenewschildrenareinterestedin25．Themainideaofthepassageis_______.A．howtodevelopteenagers'medialiteracyB．whereteenagersshouldbetaughtmedialiteracyC．whyteenagersaresupposedtohavemedialiteracyRecentlychildrenhavebeentoldtobuytraditionalalarmclocksinsteadofmobilephonestowakethemupinthemorning.SchoolswilladvisepupilstoturnoffmobilephonesoriPadsintheeveningtohaveenoughsleep.Researchersfromacharitysaythatusinginternet-connecteddevices(裝置)intheeveningcanpreventchildrengettingmorerest.Moreover,theysuggestthatschoolchildrenshouldinvest_inarealalarmclocktomakesurethattheygetagoodnight'ssleepandarriveatschoolontime.___①___.Theresultisthat40%pupilsinsecondaryschoolscannowhardlygetonwellwithoutthesedevices.Abouttwo-thirdsofpupilshaveahabitoftakingmobilephonestobedatnight.___②___.Thestudyalsoshowsthatgirlsaremorelikelytobeattractedbymobilephonesthanboys,andoftenusetheInternettotalktofriendsbysocialnetworkingwebsites,suchasFacebookandTwitter.Onegirlaged12said,"IhavebeentoldthatIamaddicted(上癮的)totheInternet,andpreferbeingonlinetobeingwithotherpeople."___③___.Agirlof13toldresearchers,"Ican'timagineifsomeonetakesmyiPadaway.Iwalkaroundthehousewithiteventhoughits'notturnedon.Ijustlikebeingwithit."Anothergirladded,"SometimesIcan'tsleepwithoutusingthemobilephoneatnight."___④___.Thecharity,whichwassetuptopromote(推動(dòng))iPadsintheclassroom,hasnowgivenfivesuggestionstoprotectchildrenfrombeingaffectedbyelectronic(電子的)devices.26．Togetagoodnight'ssleep,schoolpupilsareaskedtobuy________.A．IPads B．a(chǎn)larmclocks C．mobilephones D．electronicdevices27．Theunderlinedwords"invest_in"inParagraph(段落)2mean________.A．handout B．handin C．spendtimeon D．spendmoneyon28．Itisbettertoput"Astudyofabout3000pupilsshowsthatalmosthalffeeltobecontrolledbyelectronicdevices"in________.A．① B．② C．③ D．④29．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．mostpupilsturnofftheirmobilephonesintheeveningB．usingmobilephonescanmakechildrengetmorerestC．one-thirdofpupilsgetusedtosleepingwithmobilephonesD．girlsaremoreinterestedinusingmobilephonesthanboys30．Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Examplesofboys. B．Moreinformationaboutthecharity.C．Thetipsgiventochildren. D．InstructionsaboutelectronicdevicesAnoldmanwalkedslowlyintoarestaurantwithhiscane(拐杖).Hisoldjacketandshoesmadehimunusualthatday.AyoungwaitressnamedMarywatchedhimmovetowardsatablebythewindow.Sheranovertohim,andsaidwithasmile,“Here,sir.Letmegiveyouahand.”Withoutsayingaword,hegaveherasmile.Shepulledthechairawayfromthetableandhelpedhimsitdown.Thensheputhiscaneagainstthetablesothathecouldreachit.Inasoft,clearvoice,hesaid,“Thankyou,miss.”“You'rewelcome,sir,”shereplied.“I’llbebackinamoment,andifyouneedanything,justwaveatme!”Afterhehadfinishedagoodmeal,Marybroughthimthechange.Shehandedhimhiscane,andwalkedwithhimtothefrontdoor.Holdingthedooropenforhim,shesaid,“Comebackandseeus,sir!”Theoldmanturnedaroundandsmiled.WhenMarywenttocleanhistable,shewasshocked.Undertheplate,shefoundabusinesscard,a100-dollarbillandanote.Thenotesaid,“DearMary,Irespect(尊敬)youverymuch,andyourespectyourselftoo.Itshowsthewayyoutreatothers.Youhavefoundthesecretofhappiness.”Infact,theoldmanwastheowneroftherestaurant.Thatwasthefirsttimethatshe,oranyofhisemployees,hadseenhim.31．Theoldmanlooked________.A．young B．handsome C．unusual D．common32．Assoonastheoldmanenteredtherestaurant,Marygreetedhim________.A．politely B．slowly C．sadly D．a(chǎn)ngrily33．Marytoldtheoldmanto______whenheneededsomething.A．ringthebell B．waveatherC．shoutather D．phoneher34．Marywasshockedwhenshefoundabusinesscard,a100-dollarbillandanote______.A．onthechair B．onthegroundC．underthebowl D．undertheplate35．Theoldmanwas_______.A．Mary’sfather B．Mary’sneighbourC．thebossoftherestaurant D．a(chǎn)waiteroftherestaurantHaveyoueverhadlucid（清醒的）dreams?Recentstudiessuggestthatthenumberofpeoplehavingthemisontherise.Someonehavingaluciddreamrealizestheyaredreamingandmayfromthenon"direct"theaction.Ortheymaysimply"watch"thedreamunfold.Thesenseofawareness（知道）makesitdifferentfromadreamthatissimplyverylivelyandtruetolife.Andalthoughthedescriptionmayseemstrange,theprocessisfarfromalientomanyofus.StudiessuggestthatthenumberofpeopleintheWesternworldexperiencingluciddreams,whichhappenonceinawhile,hasrisenbybetween10and40percentsincethe1980s.Today,theyaresocommonthataboutoneineightofuswillhaveoneinourlives.Butstill,littleisknownaboutwhatcausesthemorwhatisbehindtherise.ResearchcarriedoutattherespectedHarvardUniversityintheUSshowsthatthebrainisworkinghardduringluciddreams.Infact，thelevelofthemental（精神的）activityinsomepartsofthebrainissimilartothatofapersonwhoisawake.Luciddreamersseemtosharecertainpersonalcharacters.Forexample,ingeneraltheyarequitecreative.Theyarealsogoodatdiggingdeepintoproblemsandgoingoutoftheirwaytosolvethem.Furthermore,theyalwaysbelieveinpersonalresponsibilityratherthanlettingsocietycarrythecan.Ournightmares（噩夢(mèng)）mayshowourwakingworries，withthefivemostcommonones——falling,beingrunafter,feelingdisabled,beinglateandthedeathofalovedone.Menaremorelikelytohavenightmaresaboutfightsorbeingfiredwhilehairandtoothlossappearmoreinwomen'snightmares---perhapsshowingworriesaboutlosingtheirlooks.Researchhasalsofoundthatwomenhavemorenightmaresthanmen.Theirdreamsarealsoscarierandmoreunforgettable.36．WhatdoweknowaboutluciddreamsaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Weknownothingabouttheirprocess.B．Fewerpeoplearehavingthemnow.C．Theyarejustcommonlivelydreams.D．Theymaybedirectedbythedreamers.37．WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraphs2and3?A．Thecauseofluciddreamsremainsamystery.B．Thebrainisinactiveduringluciddreams.C．Mostwesternpeoplehavehadluciddreams.D．Luciddreamershavenothingincommon.38．HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A．Bylistingnumbers. B．Bygivingreasons.C．Byprovidingexamples. D．Bymakingcomparisons39．Comparedwithmen,whichofthefollowingdreamsdowomenoftenhave?A．Fights. B．Beingfired. C．Feelingdisabled. D．Hairloss40．Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Asciencemagazine. C．Astorybook. D．Asportsposter.October16isWorldFoodDay.TheUNstartedthedayin1979.Itisusedtoremindpeoplenottowastefoodandtoaskpeopletofighthunger（饑餓）.Abigmemberofpeopleintheworldstilldon'thaveenoughtoeat.Foodshortage（匱乏）isabigproblemintheworld.Rightnow,therearemorethan1000millionhungrypeopleintheworldaccordingtotheUN,Manychildrengotosleep,hungryand15millionofthemdieofhungereachyear.Thereareseveralreasonswhytherearefoodshortages.First,therehavebeenmoredroughts（干旱）andfloodsrecently.Also,agrowingpopulationmakesfeedingeveryonemoredifficult.Anotherseveralreasonsisfoodwaste.Mostpeopledon'trealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Onavenge（平均）,personthrowsaway50kilosoffoodeveryyear.AccordingtotheUN,morethan1/3ofallfoodproducedinthewordgoestowasteeachyear.Theamount（數(shù)量）offoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200millionpeopleandthefoodwastedinLainAmericacanfeed300millionayear.Sothinktwicenexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood.Ifyoutrytoavoidwastingfood,youcouldsavesomefoodandhelphungrychildren.Onlyorderasmuchfoodasyoucaneatatarestaurant.Ifyoucan'teatallyouorder,taketheresthome.Don'tbetoopickyaboutfoodsothatyoudon'tleaveanyonyourplate.Keepeyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don'tbuyorcooktoomuch.41．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph1referto（指代）?A．Foodshortage. B．TheUN.C．Theyear1979. D．WorldFoodDay.42．Howmanychildrendieofhungereachyear?A．10million. B．15million. C．20million. D．30million.43．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A．Foodwasteisseriousintheworld.B．Thepopulationisgrowingfastintheworld.C．TherearemorehungrypeopleinLainAmerica.D．Halfofallfoodproducedintheworldiswasted.44．Whatshouldyoudotoavoidwastingfood?A．Buytoomuchfoodatatime. B．Orderalotoffoodattherestaurant.C．Throwawaythefoodyoudon'tlike. D．Cookproperamountoffoodforeachmeal.45．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Let'ssavefoodtofighthunger B．GiveoutfoodtohungrypeopleC．Fightagainstdroughtsandfoods. D．PreventchildrenfromgettinghungryParentsalwayswantthebestfortheirkids.Buteveryonehastheirownwayofparenting(養(yǎng)育).Herearesomepopularparentingstyles.Whichonedoyoulikebest?Tigerparents（虎爸虎媽）Theyarestrictwiththeirchildren.Theywantthemtogetthebestgradesintheirclass.Theylovetheirkidsintheirhearts.Dolphinparents（海豚式父母）Theyjustwanttheirkidstobehappyandhealthy.Theymakesuretheirkidsgetenoughsleepandexercise.Helicopterparents（直升機(jī)式父母）Theyworrytoomuchabouttheirchildrenand"fly"overthemlikehelicopters.Manypeoplethinktheseparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenmorefreedom(自由).Lawnmowerparents（割草機(jī)式父母）Likealawnmowerthatcutsgrass,theygetridof(去除)alldifficultiesfortheirchildren.Theirkidsneverlearntoworkoutproblemsontheirown.Tigerparentstreattheirkidsina________way.A．good B．kind C．strict D．right47．Dolphinparentsusuallywanttheirchildrentoget________.A．bestgrades B．littlesleep C．enoughlove D．enoughexercise48．Ifyouhavehelicopterparents,youmay________.A．getlessfreedom B．facemoredifficultiesC．worryaboutyourparents D．"fly"overyourparentslikehelicopters49．Aslawnmowerparents,theywill________.A．cutgrassbeforetheirkidsB．getridofalldifficultiesfortheirkidsC．makesuretheirkidsarehappyandhealthyD．a(chǎn)sktheirkidstoworkoutproblemsontheirown50．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Kidsandparents B．HowparentsgetonwithkidsC．Everyonehastheirownparents D．Differentwaysofparenting

專題03閱讀理解10道參考答案1．A2．B3．C4．C5．A【分析】試題分析：短文大意：很多工人不得不加班。不同的國(guó)家給工人的待遇也不同。日本工人工作的時(shí)間就比法國(guó)工人工作的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。有些地方還不給加班費(fèi)。在不同的國(guó)家工人休假的長(zhǎng)短也不一樣。工人們期待更長(zhǎng)的假期。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中InFrance,peoplespendabout1,646hoursayearatwork.InJapan,however,peopleworkabout2,159hoursayear.可知在法國(guó)人們每年工作大約1646個(gè)小時(shí)，而在日本人們一年約工作2159小時(shí)。所以日本人要比法國(guó)人一年多工作513小時(shí)，所以該選A。2．詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)后面的句子becausetheywanttomakemoremoney.However,manycompaniesdon’tpayovertime.可推知“extra”得意思是額外的，所以該選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中andintheUnitedStates,twoweeks可知美國(guó)休假為兩周。所以該選C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中However,manycompaniesdon’tpayovertime.Theirworkersdon’tgetmorepayformorework可知很多工人沒(méi)有得到更多的錢。并不是所有的公司都給加班費(fèi)。所以該選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Someareafraidoflosingtheirjobsiftheydon’tworkmorehours.可知很多人害怕如果他們不工作很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間會(huì)失去工作，所以該選A?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀。6．C7．B8．B9．B10．A【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了垃圾分類的原因，并介紹了世界部分國(guó)家和地區(qū)的垃圾分類和回收。通過(guò)垃圾分類，拯救我們的地球。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy.Peoplethereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldothesamesoon.7月1日，上海出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)新的垃圾分類政策。那里的人們需要把不同種類的垃圾放進(jìn)不同的垃圾箱。中國(guó)的其他城市很快也會(huì)這么做。由此可以推斷，上海是中國(guó)第一個(gè)制定垃圾分類政策的城市，故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Forexample,ifyouputanoldbatteryintothe"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebatterywillendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.例如，如果你把一個(gè)舊電池放入“有害廢物”箱，人們可以用它來(lái)制造新電池。但如果你不這樣做，電池就會(huì)被扔到別的地方。然后，它會(huì)污染環(huán)境。由此可知，作者舉電池的例子，是為了告訴我們垃圾分類的重要性，故選B。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobus-stations，可知，在印度尼西亞，如果給公交車站送塑料瓶，人們可以免費(fèi)乘坐公共汽車，故選B。9．理解判斷題。根據(jù)Recyclablegarbageincludespaper,books,plasticitems,andglassbottles.可回收垃圾包括紙張、書(shū)籍、塑料和玻璃瓶?！皀ewspapers報(bào)紙”屬于紙張，應(yīng)該放在可回收利用的垃圾箱，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知B選項(xiàng)是可回收利用的垃圾箱，故選B。10．標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了垃圾分類的原因，并介紹了世界部分國(guó)家和地區(qū)的垃圾分類和回收。告訴人們通過(guò)垃圾分類，來(lái)拯救我們的地球。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知A選項(xiàng)SortGarbage,SaveEarth“垃圾分類，拯救地球”符合題意，故選A。11．C12．A13．D14．B15．D【分析】本文從老師，家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)生角度介紹了校服的好處。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andtheycanpaytheirattentiontostudyratherthanstyle”，可知，老師認(rèn)為穿校服能讓學(xué)生關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。12．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Nomatterwhattheschoolrulesare,thereareonlybasicpiecestotheclothesthatarenecessary,andschooluniformscanlastalongtime,soitwon’tbreakthebank”，可知，無(wú)論學(xué)校的政策是什么，校服只是一些特定的必需品，并且會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，所以校服并不會(huì)花很多錢，故“itwon’tbreakthebank”表示“校服不會(huì)花費(fèi)許多錢”，故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Anduniformstodayarealsobecomingmorefashionableandcanbefoundinmanyareasofpopculture”，可知，未來(lái)校服會(huì)變得更加時(shí)尚，故選D。14．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Theideamayseemdisagreeableatfirst,butthinkingallthegoodresultsofwearinguniforms,youwouldbemorelikelytoenjoythem”，可知，考慮到穿校服的所有好處，你可能會(huì)更喜歡它們，所以作者是認(rèn)為穿校服是好的，故選B。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文從老師，家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)生角度介紹了校服的好處，故選D。16．B17．C18．D19．A20．A【分析】這篇文章通過(guò)一些數(shù)據(jù)告訴我們不要浪費(fèi)食物，要養(yǎng)成節(jié)約糧食的好習(xí)慣。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatthefoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.可知，中國(guó)人每年都要浪費(fèi)的糧食足夠喂養(yǎng)2億的人口吃一年。故選B。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，在2010年，全世界有9億2千5百萬(wàn)饑餓人口，尤其在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，每年都有6百萬(wàn)的兒童死于饑餓。故選C。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四，第五段可知，人人都應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成節(jié)約糧食的習(xí)慣。故選D。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知，在日常生活中，如果我們點(diǎn)了太多的飯菜吃不完，應(yīng)該把剩余的打包回去。故選A。20．主旨大意題。這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容就是要我們每個(gè)人都養(yǎng)成節(jié)約糧食的好習(xí)慣。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章短小精練，對(duì)于此類文章必須對(duì)每句話的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的理解，對(duì)于初三的閱讀可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)很明顯的特點(diǎn)就是單詞不難，細(xì)節(jié)題居多，重在考查對(duì)句意的理解和細(xì)節(jié)的把握，所以學(xué)生需要結(jié)合題目中的關(guān)鍵字迅速定位來(lái)找到正確的答案。21．B22．A23．B24．B25．C【分析】這是一篇議論文，文章講述學(xué)生對(duì)于看到的信息缺乏批判性的思考，有必要讓學(xué)生有媒體修養(yǎng)；有媒體修養(yǎng)的人對(duì)于新聞故事會(huì)思考好的和不好的一面；越早教孩子們媒體修養(yǎng)越好。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool”可知和在學(xué)校的時(shí)間相比，現(xiàn)在的青少年花更多的時(shí)間看電視。故選B。22．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Inotherwords,theyhavedifficultlycriticallythinkingabouttheinformationtheysee”他們對(duì)于他們看到的信息缺乏批判性的思考，此處lack意思是“缺乏”。故選A。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon”可知舉例是為了顯示有媒體修養(yǎng)的人對(duì)于新聞故事會(huì)思考好的和不好的一面。故選B。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“It'snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy”可知KevinJohn教授認(rèn)為越早教孩子們媒體修養(yǎng)越好，故選B。25．主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是讓學(xué)生有媒體修養(yǎng)的必要性?？筛爬閣hyteenagersaresupposedtohavemedialiteracy。故選C。26．B27．D28．A29．D30．C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)電子設(shè)備讓孩子們睡眠更少，建議孩子們?yōu)榱俗銐虻乃X(jué)關(guān)掉手機(jī)或平板，買傳統(tǒng)的鬧鐘來(lái)代替手機(jī)在早上叫醒他們。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Recentlychildrenhavebeentoldtobuytraditionalalarmclocksinsteadofmobilephonestowakethemupinthemorning”可知學(xué)校的學(xué)生被要求買傳統(tǒng)的鬧鐘。故選B。27．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“buytraditionalalarmclocks”可知investin表示花錢，相當(dāng)于spendmoneyon。故選D。28．推理判斷題。“Astudyofabout3000pupilsshowsthatalmosthalffeeltobecontrolledbyelectronicdevices”大約3000的小學(xué)生的研究顯示幾乎一半感覺(jué)被電子設(shè)備控制。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultisthat40%pupilsinsecondaryschoolscannowhardlygetonwellwithoutthesedevices.Abouttwo-thirdsofpupilshaveahabitoftakingmobilephonestobedatnight”40%的小學(xué)生沒(méi)有這些設(shè)備幾乎不能友好相處，大約三分之二的小學(xué)生晚上有用手機(jī)的習(xí)慣?？芍硕沃v述研究顯示出的小學(xué)生使用手機(jī)的問(wèn)題。故選A。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“girlsaremorelikelytobeattractedbymobilephonesthanboys”可知女孩比男孩更有可能被手機(jī)吸引，故選D。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“hasnowgivenfivesuggestionstoprotectchildrenfrombeingaffectedbyelectronicdevices”機(jī)構(gòu)給了五條建議保護(hù)孩子們免受電子設(shè)備的影響?？赏茢嘞乱欢螌⒅v述這些建議。故選C。31．C32．A33．B34．D35．C【分析】本文敘述了一位餐館服務(wù)員尊重每一位顧客的故事。一天有一位穿著舊衣服，拄著