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PAGEUnit4HistoryandTraditions課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)十Unit4ReadingandThinkingⅠ.單句語法填空1.Itisonlytheachievement(achieve)ofthesegoalsthatwillfinallybringlastingpeace.2.Hisfootprintswereclearlyevident(evidence)intheheavydust.3.Therearelotsofcemeteries(cemetery)outsidethecountry.4.Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurrounding(surround)thevillage.5.Confuciusisagreatphilosopher(philosophy)andeducatorinourcountry.6.Amustisavisittothefascinating(fascinate)MotorMuseum.7.Whenchiefs(chief)ofothertribes(部落)heardaboutthis,theywereallmoved.8.Hisletterposesanumberofpuzzling(puzzle)questions.9.Theimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))isourmaindefence(defend)againstdisease.10.Ihavetofindaconvenientlocation(locate)fortheshelves.Ⅱ.選詞填空battleagainst,keepone’seyesopen,addto,belongto,besurroundedwith,breakawayfrom,jointo,aswellas,indefenceof,resultin1.Keepyoureyesopenforopportunitiestoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskills.
2.Thenaughtyboydoesn’tbelongtotheSmithfamily.
3.Theremoteareawasjoinedtothedevelopedareasbythenewroad.
4.Thelittlewoodenhousewassurroundedwithcolorfulflowersblooming.
5.Thevillagersbuiltastrongdamindefenceoftheirvillageagainsttheflood.
6.Whatcanwedotohelpthemtobreakawayfromthedifficultposition?
7.TheadvancedtechnologyofthegiantHDdisplayTempowilladdtoyourconvenienceduringyourworkoutinagym.
8.Wewonderwhatresultedinthegreatchangeinhischaracter.
9.Thesoldiersbattledagainsttheenemyinspiteofcoldandhunger.
10.Theresultdependsonconditionsaswellashoweventsdeveloped.
Ⅲ.依據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Studyingphilosophywillopenanotherwindowtoourlives.
探討哲學(xué)將打開我們生活的另一扇窗戶。2.ThelatesttechnologyofFacebookmakes3Dphotospossiblewithoutdual-camerainput.
Facebook的最新技術(shù)使不用雙攝像頭的3D照片成為可能。3.Youcanrefertothedictionaryifnecessarywhenyoupreviewthenewwords.
在你預(yù)習(xí)生詞時(shí),必要的話可以查閱詞典。4.Thepresidentwillholdameetingtodiscusstheway(that/inwhich)thecountryisdevelopingitseducation.
總統(tǒng)將要實(shí)行會(huì)議探討這個(gè)國家發(fā)展教化的方式。5.Thecompanywillalwayshavetheworkersexaminedinhospitalattheendoftheyear.
這家公司在年末時(shí)總是會(huì)讓工人們?nèi)メt(yī)院檢查身體。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·重慶高一檢測(cè))TheUniversityofSheffieldBacktoitsoriginTheUniversityofSheffieldisaresearchuniversityinthecityofSheffieldinSouthYorkshire,England.Itisoneoftheoriginal“redbrick”universities,whichareagroupoftopandfamousolduniversities.TheUniversityofSheffieldwasoriginallyformedbythecombinationofthreecolleges.TheSheffieldSchoolofMedicinewasfoundedin1828,followedin1879bytheopeningofFirthCollegebyMarkFirth,asteelmanufacturer(制造商),toteachartsandsciencesubjects.FirthCollegethenhelpedtoprovidemoneyfortheopeningoftheSheffieldTechnicalSchoolin1884toteachappliedscience.In1897thethreeinstitutionswerejoinedtogethertoformtheUniversityCollegeofSheffield,whichinturnbecametheUniversityofSheffieldbyRoyalCharter(特許)in1905.ThisuniversityisfamousforitsgoodeducationandboastsanumberofNobelPrizewinnersamongitsformerstudents.MoreinformationSystem:TheUniversityhasfivedepartments:ArtsandHumanities;Engineering;PureScience;SocialScience;Medicine,DentistryandHealth.TheUniversityofSheffieldalsohasmanyresearchprogramsinfieldsincludingaerospace,environmentalscience,psychology,andbiology.Cityshow:SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,therearemanyparksandwoodsthroughoutthecityandbeyond.SheffieldisthegreenestcityinEnglandwith150woodlandsand50publicparkswithinthecity.Once,inSheffield,thefolkhero—RobinHoodlivedinSherwoodForestwith150ofhisloyalfriends.AndCharlotteBronte,theEnglishwriternotedforhernovelJaneEyrewasborninSheffield.【文章大意】本文介紹了謝菲爾德高校的發(fā)展歷史和該高校的學(xué)院設(shè)置并對(duì)謝菲爾德這座城市進(jìn)行了介紹。1.FromthefirstparagraphwhatcanweconcludeabouttheUniversityofSheffield?A.Ithasagoodfameformanygreatgraduates.B.Ithasalonghistoryofmorethan180years.C.Itisn’tonememberof“redbrick”universities.D.Itisonlyfamousforsciencesubjects.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句可知,這所高校因出了許多優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生而出名。故選A。2.Sheffieldisinthe______ofEngland.
A.eastB.westC.southD.north【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句“SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.”可知,該城市位于英格蘭的北部。故選D。3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sheffieldhasverybeautifulscenery.B.CharlotteBronteisnotanEnglishwriter.C.SheffieldisthebiggestcityofEngland.D.RobinHoodisacharacterinJaneEyre.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,there...withinthecity.”的關(guān)鍵信息“thegreenestcityinEurope”“thegreenestcityinEngland”可以推斷出Sheffield有美麗的風(fēng)景。故選A。B(2024·鄭州高一檢測(cè))Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.
Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁).Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral(珊瑚).Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine(海洋的)lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefshavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.Thesituationofoceanprotectionagainstdisastersisserious,soit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-system(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))hasledmetotakeaction.I’vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章向我們介紹了澳大利亞的海洋生物面臨的危機(jī)以及作者為此所做的一些努力。4.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1,wecanlearntheauthor______.
A.seldomwentsurfingattheseaB.forgothisexperiencesabouttheoceanC.neverwentbacktohishometownD.hadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知,作者認(rèn)為大海很美,自己很幸運(yùn)能常??吹胶?故畫線句應(yīng)是對(duì)半月灣的贊美。D項(xiàng)符合文意。5.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Australianmarinelife______.
A.isescapingfromtheCoralSeagraduallyB.dependsonreefsforlivinggreatlyC.maybefacedwithdangerD.isprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終兩句可推知,澳大利亞的海洋生物可能面臨危急。故選C項(xiàng)。6.TheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityisintendedto______.
A.contributetoacompleteeco-systemB.preventmoremarinespeciesfrombeingendangeredC.setupalargenaturereserveforreefsD.raisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可推知,這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目的是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)為海洋生物供應(yīng)永久平安的地方,阻擋更多的海洋物種滅亡。故選B項(xiàng)。7.Angusandtheauthorcreatedalittlevideoto______.
A.encouragemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespeciesB.inspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheoceanC.sharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheoceanD.bringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句可知,拍攝小視頻是為了激勵(lì)人們?nèi)?shí)行行動(dòng)愛護(hù)海洋生物。故選A項(xiàng)?!鹃喿x多維訓(xùn)練】1.句式仿寫(1)GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.仿寫:Workingintheofficeallday,Timwouldliketohavearelaxingwalkintheparkafterwork.
在辦公室工作了一成天,蒂姆下班后想到公園放松地散漫步。(2)ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-systemhasledmetotakeaction.仿寫:Weareexcitedtohearthenewsthatthescientistshavemadeagreatbreakthroughintheresearch.
聽到科學(xué)家們?cè)谶@項(xiàng)探討上已取得重大突破的消息,我們都很興奮。(3)Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.仿寫:Wewanttofindaplacewherewecanreadbooksquietly.
我們想找一個(gè)我們可以寧靜地讀書的地方。2.長難句分析Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.譯文:假如我們接著像現(xiàn)在這樣對(duì)待海洋,確定會(huì)有越來越多的海洋災(zāi)難在我們眼前發(fā)生,不僅僅導(dǎo)致大量的海洋生物死亡而且損害我們唯一的家園地球的健康。分析:Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing為條件狀語從句,其中aswearedoing為wecontinueddealingwiththeocean的方式狀語從句;主句中的happeningbeforeoureyes為marinedisasters的定語,表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系;causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome為現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語;notonly...butalso...連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作cause的賓語,其中ouronlyhome為theearth的同位語。
Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·合肥高一檢測(cè))依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Anewstudysuggeststhatthetimingofawoundaffectsthespeedatwhichitheals(痊愈).Woundssufferedduringthedayhealaround60percentfasterthanthoseatnight.Thestudyshowedhowthebodiescircadianrhythm(晝夜節(jié)律)controlledthehealingofwounds.1Ittellsourbodieswhentowakeup,eatandsleepinacycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemselvesdayafterday.2
Inthestudy,researchersfoundthatskincellsmovedfastertorepairwoundssufferedduringtheday.TheirfindingswerepublishedintheJournalScienceTranslationalMedicine.Theresearchersexaminedcells,mice,andburninjurydatabases.3
Nighttimeburns—burnssufferedbetween8o’clockatnightand8o’clockthenextmorningwere95percenthealedafteranaverageof28days.Butafteranaverageof17days,daytimeburns-burnssufferedbetween8o’clockinthemorningand8atnightwere95percenthealed.4
Woundsareverycostlytotreat.5InBritain’sNationalHealthServices,forexample,suchservicescostaround$6.56billionperyear.Expertssaythehighcostsresult,inpart,fromalackofdrugsthatspeeduptheclosureofwounds.
A.Eachcyclelastsabout24hours.B.Thecircadianrhythmislikeaclockortimer.C.Specifically,theirinvestigationfoundthefollowinginformation:D.Thenewstudy’sfindingscouldhelpscientistsdevelopdrugsbetter.E.Inotherwords,nighttimeinjuriestookanaverageof11dayslongertoheal95percent.F.Worldwide,billionsofdollarsarespenteveryyearonwound-treatmentservices.G.That’swhatagroupofresearchersfromauniversityinCanadarecentlypublished.【文章大意】本文介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)探討,探討表明在白天受的傷比在夜晚受的傷愈合得更快。1.【解析】選B。依據(jù)空后信息可知,此處作者強(qiáng)調(diào)晝夜節(jié)律有很強(qiáng)的周期性,B項(xiàng)連接前句,表明晝夜節(jié)律像時(shí)鐘或者計(jì)時(shí)器一樣,符合語境。2.【解析】選A。依據(jù)空前句中的“acycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemsevlesdayafterday”可知此周期每天循環(huán),由此可推斷周期時(shí)長為24小時(shí),故選A。3.【解析】選C??涨疤岬教接懭藛T探討分析了燒傷數(shù)據(jù)庫,空后談到調(diào)查探討結(jié)果,由此推斷C項(xiàng)符合語境。4.【解析】選E。由上文信息可知,夜晚受的燒傷修復(fù)95%須要28天的周期,而白天受的燒傷修復(fù)95%只須要17天。因此可以推斷,夜晚修復(fù)95%的平均周期比白天長11天,故E項(xiàng)符合語境。5.【解析】選F。依據(jù)空前句可知,創(chuàng)傷治療費(fèi)用高,后文舉例“suchservicescostaround$6.56billion”說明治療費(fèi)用很高,因此F項(xiàng)符合語境。Ⅲ.完形填空Yearsago,whenIwasworkingaspsychologistatachildren’sinstitutioninEngland,aboyshowedupinthewaitingroom.ItwasDavid.David’sfacewaspale,andhestaredathisfeet1.HehadlosthisfatherasababyandwhenDavidturned13,hismotherwaskilledinacaraccident.Hewasverydepressed,2totalktoothers.
Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.Ashewasabouttoleaveafterthesecondvisit,Iputmyhandonhisshoulder.Hedidn’tshrinkback,3hedidn’tlookatmeeither.
“Comebacknextweek,”I4abit.ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”
Hecame,andI5weplayagameofchess.Henodded.AfterthatweplayedchesseveryWednesdayafternoonincomplete6andwithoutmakinganyeye7.It’snoteasytocheatinchess,butIadmitthatImadesureDavid8onceortwice.
Itseemedasifheenjoyedmy9,thoughheneverlookedatme.Perhapshe10thatIrespectedhissuffering.Untilsomemonthslater,suddenly,helookedupatme,“It’syour11,”hesaid.Afterthatday,Davidstarted12.Sincethenhereallystartedtolivehisownlife.
MaybeIgaveDavid13.AndDavidshowedmehowone—withoutanywords—can14outtoanotherperson.Allittakesisahug,a15tocryon,afriendlytouch,asympatheticnatureandanearthatlistens.
【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。講解并描述的是作者幫助失去父母的戴維開啟了新的生活,作者也從這次經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)到了許多。1.A.happilyB.friendlyC.nervously D.excitedly【解析】選C??疾樵~義辨析。句意:他臉色蒼白,驚慌地盯著自己的雙腳。happily興奮地;friendly友好的;nervously驚慌地;excitedly興奮地。依據(jù)前文David’sfacewaspale,可知戴維臉色蒼白,這說明他很驚慌,故選C項(xiàng)。2.A.willingB.waitingC.refusingD.longing【解析】選C??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他心情低落,拒絕跟他人講話。will情愿,希望,想要;wait等待;refuse拒絕;long渴望。依據(jù)后文Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.可知頭兩次見面時(shí)戴維一句話也沒說,這說明他拒絕說話,故選C項(xiàng)。3.A.but B.becauseC.or D.unless【解析】選A??疾檫B詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)前文Hedidn’tshrinkback可知戴維沒有退縮著躲開,依據(jù)后文hedidn’tlookatmeeither他也沒有看我,前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選A項(xiàng)。4.A.hesitated B.cheeredC.relaxed D.regretted【解析】選A??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。hesitated遲疑;cheered歡呼;relaxed放松;regretted懊悔。依據(jù)后文ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”可知我對(duì)戴維說“這令人難受”,結(jié)合前文可知戴維失去了父母,不情愿說話,我這么說可能會(huì)觸及他的難受處,所以遲疑了一下。故選A項(xiàng)。5.A.announced B.expectedC.suggested D.ordered【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他的確來了,我提議我們下國際象棋。announced宣布;expected期盼,期望;suggested建議,提議;ordered吩咐。依據(jù)后文Henodded可知戴維點(diǎn)頭同意,說明下國際象棋是我提出來的建議,戴維點(diǎn)頭是同意了“我”的建議,故選C項(xiàng)。6.A.equal B.silenceC.liberty D.independence【解析】選B??疾楦痹~和名詞詞義辨析。equal同樣;同等;silence緘默;liberty自由;independence獨(dú)立。依據(jù)后文可知戴維在幾個(gè)月之后才開口說話,這說明在這之前他都沒和我說話,我們是在緘默中下國際象棋的,故選B項(xiàng)。7.A.ex
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