2019上海虹口區(qū)高三英語二模試卷

１９上海虹口區(qū)高三英語二模試卷（ｗorｄ版）考生注意:1.考試時間120分鐘,試卷滿分１４0分。2.本次考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在谷題紙上,做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前,務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名,并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。Ｉ.ListeninｇＣompｒeｈensionSectioｎＡＤireｃtions:

InSecｔiｏｎA(yù),yoｕwｉllhｅartenshｏrtconversationsbetweentwospeakers．Attｈｅeｎdofeaｃhconvｅrsatｉoｎ，aquestionwillbeaｓkeｄａｂouｔｗhatwassaｉd.Tｈeｃoｎｖersationｓａｎｄthｅqｕestionswｉllbespokenonlｙonｃe.Ａfteryｏｕhｅａrａｃonverｓａｔionaｎdtheｑuestｉoｎaboutｉt,readthｅfourposｓｉbleａnsｗersｏｎｙｏurpapｅr，aｎdｄecidewhｉcｈoneｉｓtheｂesｔanｓwertotheｑuｅstionｙouhaveheard.１.Ａ.Atａｎairｐｏrt.B.Oｎaplane.C.Onabuｓ．D.Inadepartmeｎtstｏre.２.A．Ｈeissｕｆｆｅringapaininthｅｎeck.B.Ｈisroommateｗａlksiｎｈissleep．C．Hｉｓrooｍmatｅ’sbedisaｌwayｓinameｓs.Ｄ.Hedoeｓn’ｔlikeｓhariｎgaroomwiｔhａnyoｎｅ.3.A．Thewoｍanwａsfullyabsorbeｄiｎthｅmoｖｉe.B.Ｔhewomanloｓtｈｅrｗaytothecinemathaｔevening．C.Thｅwomａncｏｕldn’tundeｒstａndthｅmovｉeveｒyweｌl.Ｄ.Ｔhｅｍoviewasnobｅｔteｒｔhａnwｈatthｅwｏmanｈadｉmａgｉned.4.A.$1６0．Ｂ．＄50．

Ｃ．＄１20.Ｄ.$15０.5.A.Hereａlｌｙｌiｋｅshiswｉfe’snewhaiｒsｔｙle．B.Hisｗifｅdidｎ’tｔakｅhisseｎsibleaｄviｃｅ.C．Ｈedidn’twａnttocuｔhｉsｗife’sloｎghａiｒ.D.Hiswifeoftencomplaｉnsabouｔevｅrｙthｉng．6.A.Ｐｕｚzled.B.Regretful.C．Aｎgｒｙ．D.Reliｅvｅd.7.A.Ａjobｏｆfer.

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Ａ.Ｔｈeelderｌyaｒeｅxperｔaｔusingapｐs．B.Ｔheelderlydｏn’tknowhoｗtouseaｐpｓ.C．Theelｄｅrlycanheｌｐtodeｖｅlｏpsmａrtaｐｐｓ.D.Ｔheａppｄevｅlｏpeｒscan’tafｆorｄtoignoretheelｄerly.10.A.Ｍr．Ｊｏhnsｏn’sideaｓarenonsｅnｓe．Ｂ.ＨeqｕiteagreesｗithMr.Jｏhnsoｎ’sviewｓ.Ｃ.Hehashisownopiｎionsoｎsociaｌｗelｆarｅ．D.Mｒ.Jｏhnsｏnisskillfuｌinexpressｉｎｇhｉｓｉdｅaｓ.SｅｃtionBDｉｒeｃtions:

ＩnSecｔioｎB，youwiｌｌheartwoshｏrtｐassagesaｎdonｅlongｅｒｃｏnveｒｓation,andyｏｕwiｌlbｅａskeｄｓeｖeralquestｉoｎｓoneａcｈofｔheｐａssagesandtｈｅcｏｎｖerｓaｔion.Ｔhepassagesａｎdtｈｅcｏnversationwｉlｌbereadｔwicｅ,butthequestionｓwillbespｏkenonlyonce．Wｈenyｏｕheａrａquesｔion，readtｈefourｐoｓsibleanswersｏnyouｒpaperandｄecidewhichonｅwouldｂeｔｈebestansweｒtｏtｈequｅsｔionyoｕhavehearｄ.Questioｎs11thｒouｇh13ａreｂaｓedｏntｈｅfｏlloｗｉngpａsｓage.1１.

A．Inmｕlｔi-ｃulturalcountｒｉes．B.Ｉndevelopiｎgｃountries.Ｃ.Indeveｌopeｄcoｕｎtriｅs.D．Ｉndensely－populaｔedｃｏuntries.12.

A.Ｌackofcｏmmuniｃationｆacｉliｔies.B．Tｅmｐoｒaryｓｈｅlteｒ．Ｃ.Ｐoｗerfailure.Ｄ.Noaccｅssｔoreｃrｅatioｎ.13.

Ａ.Ｆeａt(yī)uresofdｉffｅrｅnttｙpｅsofpovｅrty.B.Approachｅstoｐoｖeｒtyeliminatioｎ.C.Chａngｅｓinthｒeepovｅrtycategoｒies．D.Ｗayｓtｏcalculatetheｐｏvertylｉｎｅ.Quesｔions１4thrｏｕgh16arebaｓｅdontheｆoｌｌowingpaｓsａgｅ.14.A.Becauseofｔhecｏurｓeｍaterials．Ｂ.Beｃauseｏfthedｉsｃussｉontopｉｃｓ.Ｃ.Becaｕseｏfoｔhers’misuseoftechnｏｌogｙ．Ｄ．Becａuｓｅｏfaruletheｓpeａｋerｍadｅforhiscｌass.1５.A.Ｔhｅspeakeｒ’ｓｈistorｙclａssreceivedlｏwassesｓment.B.Ｔheｓtudentstｈｉnkhighlyofthｅsｐeａker’shiｓtoryclaｓｓ.C.Thespｅakｅｒmadｅtheruleｂｅｃａｕsehewａsaｇａｉｎstｔeｃhnｏloｇy.Ｄ.Thespeakｅｒmａdｅtherulejｕstｂecaｕｓｅofhisunplｅasaｎtexperｉences.１6.A.Itmａyimprovetｅａcｈiｎgandｏffｅrｍoｒeｈelp.B.Itmaｙallowstuｄenｔstogｅｔoｎwellwitheachoｔheｒ.Ｃ．Itmaydisｔracｔｓtudentｓfrombeinginvolｖｅdincｌａsｓ．D．Ｉｔmaｙhelｐsｔudｅntstobeｔｔerunｄerｓtandcoｍplexｔhemes.Qｕｅstions17through20aｒｅｂaｓedontheｆolｌowinｇｃoｎversaｔioｎ.17．A.Sｈebumpeｄinｔoaｃｏｆfeeｔable．Ｂ．Ｓhecｈaｔtedwｉｔhthecafｅoｗｎer.C．Shetalkedｗiｔhsomeonｅsheｋnｅw.D.Shewａｓｌiｓtｅninｇtoａｌivelｙdebate.18.A．Newｓpaperｓｗeregivenouｔtocｕstｏmｅrs．B．Anenｔrａnｃｅfｅewascｈａrgｅdforgettinｇｉn.Ｃ.Iｔwaｓtｈemeeｔingplacｅfｏrdeｂaｔinｇclubs.D.ItwaｓfiｒｓｔsｔａrteｄｉｎOｘfｏrｄｉnthｅ16thcentuｒy.19.Ａ.Paｒtlｙrｉgｈt．B.Extremeｌyｉntereｓtｉng.C.Vｅrｙunfair.D.Abitunｒeaｓoｎaｂle.２0.A.Ｂyprｏvidingfｒeelapｔopsfｏruse．B.Byｍakｉｎgｓoｆaｓcomfｏｒtaｂleｔositoｎ.C．Byengaｇingtｈeminstｉmulａt(yī)ｉnｇｃoｎｖersａt(yī)ｉon.D.Ｂytｒansｐortingｃustomersｔovariｏｕsdesｔinａt(yī)ioｎs．II．ＧｒａmmａｒanｄVocａbularySeｃtiｏnADｉrecｔｉons：

Aｆtｅrreaｄｉngtｈepassａgebｅlｏw,fｉllintheblａnkｓtomakeｔhepasｓagｅcoｈｅrentandgraｍmaｔiｃallyｃorｒect.Fortheblanｋsｗithaｇｉvenword,filliｎeachblａｎｋwｉtｈｔheprｏperfoｒmｏftheｇｉvｅｎword；ｆortheoｔheｒblaｎkｓ,useoｎewordthatbeｓtfiｔseａcｈblank．TheBesｔWayofLosingWeigｈtForgetwhaｔthｅｓkinnymoviestarsａndtheTVａｄveｒtssay－lｏｓiｎｇweiｇhtiｓharｄwoｒｋ.(２1）______youｄoiｔｔhｒougｈexｅrcise,dieｔ，orabｉtoｆbｏtｈ，it’sｅxtrｅmｅlyｃhallｅngｉngtｏlosethｏsepouｎdｓandthｅntokeepthｅｍｏff.Soｍetimesitｃaｎｉnｖolvｅ(２２)______（chaｎgｅ)hugepａｒtｓofyourday-to－daｙlifｅanｄｉtcanmeａnbreakingdｅｃadeｓ-ｏldhａbits．Ｂuｔittuｒnsouttheｒe’soneliｔtleｔｈｉngｙoｕ（2３）___＿＿_doｔoheｌpyouacｈieveyoｕrgoａｌandiｔ’sgｏｔnoｔhingtｏｄowithfooｄorexercise.TheexpertsatWeightWatcｈerｓdidresｅarchwhichshowｓｍanyｏｆtｈｅirmembｅrswereｍorｅsucｃｅｓｓfulａｎd(2４)_____＿(discourａged)wｈｅntheｙsｈaredrｅguｌaｒupdatesontheirnewhealthｙlifestyleonｌiｎe.Ｔheyfoundｐeopｌeｗｈoshareｄａdiaryoftheirdailyｌｉveswithfriendsaｎdfolloｗerswｅrestｉmulatｅｄandｉnspｉreｄｂypositiｖefｅedbaｃk(２5)______theyloｓtsomepｏundsandｋeptｔhｅmoff.Ｍｏrethan5０percentofpeoplｅsａｉｄthesuppｏrtofaweｉghｔloｓscoｍmuniｔyｗａscrucialwhｅｎiｔcame(26)____＿_ｃhａngiｎgtheiｒeatingｈabiｔsand53ｐeｒcｅntshaｒedpｈoｔｏsoｆtｈｅｉｒmｅaｌsｏnsocｉａｌmedia.Withtｈiskｎowledgeｕndertheirｂelｔs,ＷｅightWａt(yī)cheｒs(2７）___＿＿_（laｕnｃh)asｅｒiesofｓhｏrｔfｉlmｓlatelywhiｃhsｈowｐeoplerecordinｇtheirdaｉlｙweiｇhｔlossjｏurnｅy.OnｅofthemｅmberswhoshａrｅdｈerjourneｙwasDaniellｅＤuｇｇins,ａnｄｈervｉdeｏshｏwsherenjoyｉnｇarangｅofhealthymeａlｓａｎｄafewtrｅaｔｓ,whｉｌe(２8)______(play)wiｔhｈerchiｌdrｅｎ.The

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__３3__

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__35__

oftｈｅpｒoｂlemremaｉｎsｈidden.CｙcｌecrimehoｔｓpotswｅrｅidenｔifiedaｓCambridge,Ｏxｆord,Ｓouthaｍpton,Ｂristol,eｔｃ.Mostｃｙｃletheｆtｓoccurnearｏｒinpeoｐｌｅ’shomes,bｕｔtｈｉevesaｌｓｏ＿_３6_＿ｔransｐort

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__45__ｗay.Ａstｅchｎｏloｇｙgetsbeｔｔeｒandcｈｅaper,ｒeseａrcheｒsbeｃｏmebeｔｔerａt(yī)doｉnｇｗhattheｙwerｅaｌreａｄｙdoing．__４6＿_,rｅmotesｅnsingusedｔobｅaveryｔeｃｈniｃaｌtｏoｌbutｉｓnｏｗwiｄespread,anｄeveｒyｏneｕsesｇｌobaｌpoｓitioninｇsyｓtｅｍ（ＧＰS)ｆorsurveyiｎｇ.Ｂutｔｅａｃhｉngpresｅrvatiｏnａndecologycoursesinｕniversity_＿４7__.Soｍｅteacｈdronｅsurveyiｎgmeｔｈodsindｅpｔhwhｉleｏｔhersdon’tevenmｅnｔiｏntｈｅm.“Thｅfａｃtis,usｉngｄronesisquｉtea(n)__4８__tｏtｈe

interdｉsciｐlinary

（跨學(xué)科的)‘uｎknown’oｆｅｎgineｅｒｉng,ａｎdpｏtentiallyanａreawheｒelecturｅrｓｍａynotｆｅelｃoｎfｉdentｔoｔeａchyｅt，”SergeWich,anexpertinprｉｍａｔｅbiｏlogysays.“Ｓtｕdｅntsaretaughtaｂouｔ__4９__tecｈnｏｌogiessuchａsauｔomatｉcsouｎdrecｏrｄｅrｓ,bｕｔdronｅsareofｔenmisｓingfromuｎiｖersｉtyｔeachｉng．Coｎsequentｌy,droneuseａmｏngrｅseaｒchｅrsｉsstｉｌlfaiｒｌy_＿5０__ａｎdｆoｃｕsedongettinｇphｏtos.”Ｗich’ｓｔeａmofｒeｓearcherｓｕsedtechnｉｑuestｏdevelｏpafuｌlyaｕtomateddronetｅｃｈｎoｌogyｓystemthaｔ__５1_＿

ａndmonｉｔorstｈehealｔｈofendangｅredａｎｉmalｓglｏbally．Ｉt’ｓdesigneｄtoｂｅchｅａp，stablｅandsimplｅtoｕse，sotｈatｌｏcalｃommunitieｓｉｎdeｖelopingcoｕｎｔｒiescaｎopeｒateit＿＿52＿_ｗithouttecｈniｃａlbackｇrouｎd.Yetit’snotmorewｉdｅｌyｕsｅdｏnｔheｇroundｓofｒesｅarchers’laｃｋｏfｓｋiｌlstｏuｓethiｓtechｎoloｇy.Inbioｌogy,wheredrｏnesareｕsed,feｗcanｐrｏgraｍan

ａlgｏriｔｈｍ

(算法)speｃｉfiｃalｌyforｔhｅｉrpresｅrｖａt(yī)ｉoｎoｒreｓblem.“There’smuｃhｔｈａt(yī)neｅｄstｏbedｏneｔｏ_＿53__tｈosetｗｏwoｒｌdsandｔomａkeAIｍoreuser-fｒｉendlysｏtｈatpｅｏplｅwｈｏcan’ｔproｇrａmｃanstiｌｌusｅthetｅchnology,”Wicｈｓaｙs．__5４＿＿，thｅｓadｔｒutｈｉsthatbetterteｃhnoｌogｙalｏｎewｉllｎoｔsaｖeaｎyｍｏｒespecieｓｆromdyｉnｇouｔ,Ｇｒｅenｇｒasswaｒｎs.“Ａshuｍanpopulａｔionｓincrｅaｓe,sodｏthｒｅatsandｐrｅssｕreｏnwｉldｐlａces．Preservaｔiｏnｉstsarｅ＿_55__foｒnotdoingenoughｂutit’softｅnａｎiｓsｕeｏfpeopｌe,cｏnｆlｉctａnｄgovｅrｎance.”Technologymayｈelｐpｒovｉdefargｒeateｒkｎｏｗｌeｄｇe，butgｏvernｍentsｓtｉlｌneedtoaｃｔ.

41．A.shｏrtａgｅ

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Reａｄthｅｆolｌｏwingtｈｒeepassaｇｅs．Eａchpassaｇｅｉｓｆｏlloｗeｄｂyｓeｖｅralqueｓtionｓｏｒｕnfiｎｉshｅdｓtａt(yī)emeｎts．ForｅaｃhoｆtｈeｍtherearefourchoiｃｅｓｍaｒkedＡ,B，CanｄＤ．Choｏsｅｔheonｅｔhaｔfitsbeｓtacｃoｒｄinｇtｏtheiｎｆormａｔioｎgｉveｎｉnthepassａgeｙouhavejustｒｅad.(Ａ)ADifferentKiｎdｏfSpｒingＢreakＦorｍaｎyAmeｒicanuniverｓiｔyｓtudｅnts,ｔhｅweeｋ－longspringbrｅakｈolidaｙｍeanｓａneｎdlesspａｒtonasuｎnybeachinＦlorｉｄａorＭexiｃo.ＩnPａnａmaＣityBeach，F(xiàn)ｌorｉda,aｃitywitｈapermａnentｐopｕlatｉｏnofａppｒoｘｉmateｌy36,00０,morethanｈａｌfamillｉonｕniversitystudentｓaｒｒiveduｒｉnｇtｈｅmoｎtｈofMaｒchtｏplayａndpartｙ,ｍakinｇitｔhenｕｍbeｒonesprｉngbreakdｅsｔinationintheUniteｄStaｔeｓ.Aｗeek-ｌoｎgdrｉnking

biｎge

iｓnotforeverｙone，hoｗeｖer，aｎｄａgｒowinｇnｕmbeｒofAｍｅrｉcanunivｅrｓityｓtudｅnｔｓhavefｏuｎdａｗａｙtomakeｓprｉｎgｂreａkmatter.Fortheｍ,joinｉngorleadiｎgagｒｏupofｖｏlｕｎｔｅeｒstｏtraｖｅllocallyoｒinterｎaｔiｏnａllｙandｗorktｏadｄrｅssproblemsｓuchaspoveｒｔy,hｏｍｅleｓsness,oreｎvironｍentaldａmａgｅｍａkesspｒiｎgbreakauniquelｅarｎiｎｇexperiencｅthatuｎｉvｅrsitystｕdentｓcanｆｅelgoodat.Duｒingonｅsｐringbrｅakｗeek，sｔudｅntsａｔJａmｅsMaｄiｓonUｎｉverｓityinVirginiapartｉcipateｄｉn15“alternativｅsprｉngbｒeak”tｒiｐstonearｂysｔates,thｒeeotherｓｔomoｒｅdｉｓtantｐａrｔsofthｅUnｉtｅｄSｔates，anｄfiveiｎteｒnationalｔrｉｐs.OｎeｇｒoupofJMUstuｄｅntstraveｌeｄｔｏＢogaｌusa,Ｌouｉsiaｎａ,ｔｏhelprebuｉldhｏmeｓdaｍａgｅdbyHuｒriｃanｅKａt(yī)riｎa.AnoｔhergrouｐｔｒaｖeledtoMｉsｓissｉppitoorganizeｃreativeaｃtiｖitiesｆｏｒｃｈiｌdrenｌiviｎgiｎaｈomelｅssshelｔeｒ．OｎegroupｏfｓtudｅntsｄｉdgｏtoFｌorｉda，butnottｏｌｉeoｎthｅｓａｎd．Thｅyｐerformedeｘhaｕｓtingｐhyｓiｃallaborsuｃhaｓmaｉntａiningｒovinginｖasiｖｅplantsｐeciesthattｈreａt(yī)eｎｔhｅnａt(yī)iｖeFloridａｅcosysｔeｍ.Stuｄentswhｏparｔiciｐateiｎａlｔｅrnａｔiveｓpringｂreaｋｐrｏjecｔsｆindthemvｅｒyrｅwardiｎg.Wｈileｍostuniverｓｉtystudenｔshaｖeｔｏｇｅｔtheirｄｅgreesbｅforetｈeycansｔaｒthelｐingｐeoplｅ,studｅnｔvolunteersareablｅｔohｅlpｐeｏplenow．Ontheｏｔhｅrhand,ｔheaccommｏdaｔionｓaｒeｆarfｒomglamorouｓ.Studentsｏｆｔeｎsleｅpoｎｔｈｅｆloorofascｈoolｏｒchｕrcｈ，orsｐendtheｗｅekcamｐiｎgｉnｔents.Butｓｔｕdentsoｎｌｙpayaround$２50ｆormealsandｔrａnsｐortaｔｉon,wｈｉchｉｓmuｃhlesｓtｈａnsoｍeｏftｈｅiｒｐeerｓｓpeｎdtotｒａveltｏmoretraditionalｓprinｇbreakhoｔsｐot.

５6.

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(B）Crｏpｐｉｎg

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(Ｃ)Why

do

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newspapers？

The

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of

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the

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projｅct．Saｄtoｓay,ｔhisｐrojecthａｓｔuｒnｅdouｔtobemｏsｔlyｌow-ｌｅvelfindiｎgsaboutfacｔualerｒoｒsaｎdｓｐeｌlｉｎｇanｄgｒａmmａrmiｓtakes,combineｄｗｉthlotsofhead-scｒａt(yī)cｈinｇpｕzｚlementabｏuｔwhatinthewｏrldtｈoｓerｅaderｓreallyｗant.Bｕtｔｈeｓｏurcesofdiｓtruｓtｇowaydeeper.Ｍostjoｕrnａliｓｔｓｌｅａrntoseethｅwoｒldtｈrouｇhasetｏｆｓtandardｐaｔｔernsiｎｔowｈiｃｈｔheyrｅｐortｅachday’seｖents.Inotheｒwords,ｔｈereisaｔｒaditｉonａｌstoryｌineiｎthenewsｒooｍｃulturethaｔｐrｏviｄeｓabaｃkｂｏｎｅaｎdａready－madenａｒratiｖｅstrｕcｔｕｒeforｏtherwiseconfuｓｉngnews.Thereexistsａsoｃialandｃｕlｔｕrａldiscoｎnｅｃｔbeｔｗｅｅnｊｏurnalistsａndthｅｉrｒeａders,whichheｌpsｅｘplaiｎｗhｙthe“stａndａｒdpatｔerns”oftｈeｎeｗsrｏomｓeemｆｏrｅigntomanyreａdｅrｓ.Inａｒecentsurvｅｙ,qｕesｔionnairｅsweresenｔｔoｒeｐortersinfivemidｄle-siｚｅcitiｅsaｒouｎdthecountｒｙ,plusoｎeｌarｇｅmetroｐolitａnａrea.Thｅnrｅsidｅntsｉnｔｈesecommunitiｅsｗereｐhonedａｔｒａnｄoｍandaｓkedｔhesａmｅquestionｓ.RｅpｌieｓｓhｏwthaｔcoｍpａredｗiｔhotｈerAmericaｎs,ｊournalisｔsａｒeｍorｅｌikｅｌytolivｅｉｎupｓcaleｎeighborhooｄｓ，havemａids,oｗnMercｅdesｅｓ,ａndtｒaｄestocks，anｄthｅy’ｒｅlesslikelｙtogoｔochuｒｃh,ｄｏvoluntｅerwoｒk，orpｕｔdｏｗnroｏtｓｉnacｏｍｍunitｙ.Reportｅｒstenｄtobeｐａrtoｆａbroadlｙｄｅfinｅdsoｃialandｃｕltural

elｉｔe

(精英)，sotheｉrworktｅndstoreflecttheｔraditｉonａlｖａlｕesoｆthiselite.Ｔｈealarmingdistrustoｆｔhenｅwsmｅｄiaｉｓｎ’troｏtｅdininaｃcuｒａcyｏrｐooｒｒeｐoｒtoriａlskiｌlsbｕｔinthｅdaｉlyconfliｃtofｗorldviewsbｅtweenrｅpｏｒtｅrsａnｄtheirrｅaders．Ｔhisisaneｘplｏsｉｖesitｕａt(yī)ｉoｎforanｙindustｒy,parｔicｕｌarlyadeｃｌｉｎiｎgｏne.Ｈereisatroublｅdbｕsinｅssthaｔｋeｅpshiriｎgempｌoyeesｗhoseatｔitｕdesｖastlｙanｎoyｔhecｕsｔoｍeｒs．Thｅnitｓponsorsｌotｓof

symposｉuｍs

（討論會)andacrｅdｉｂilityprojectdevotedtowonderingwhycustomｅｒｓａreaｎnoyedandｆleｅiｎgｉnｌargｅnuｍbｅrs．Ｂｕtitneverseemstogetａrouｎdｔonoticingｔhecultuｒａlａndcｌassprｅjｕdiｃesｔhatsomａnyformｅrbｕyｅｒsareｃomplaiｎiｎgabｏuｔ.Ｉfitdｉd,itwｏｕldopenuｐitsdｉversiｔｇraｍ,ｎowｆocusednａrrｏｗｌyonｒａceandｇenｄeｒ,aｎdlookforreｐorterswｈｏdifferｂroadlybyoutloｏk，ｖaｌues,eｄｕcatｉon，andclass.

６3.

Wｈａt(yī)

is

thｅ

ｐａｓsage

ｍaｉnｌy

about?A.Needsofthereaｄersallovertｈｅｗｏrlｄ.Ｂ．Cａｕsesｏfthepｕbｌicdisappoｉnｔmｅntaboutnewspapｅrs.Ｃ.Ｏrｉginsofthｅdeｃliniｎgｎｅｗｓpapeｒｉndusｔｒｙ.Ｄ.Aimsofａｊournalisｍcredibilｉｔyproject．6４．Therｅsultｓofｔhejournalismｃrediｂilityｐrojｅcttｕrnedouttobe___＿__.A.quｉtｅtrustworthｙB.someｗhatconfliｃtiｎgC.vｅｒyinfoｒmａｔiveD．ratｈｅrshalloｗ65.Tｈeｂlemｏfjournalｉｓtｓaspoｉnteｄｏｕｔbythewriterliesiｎthｅir_＿____．A.wｏｒkｉnｇaｔtitｕdeB．trａditionaｌliｆestyleC.worｌｄoutｌookＤ.educａt(yī)ionalｂａckgｒouｎd6６.Despiｔｅiｔseffortｓ,thenewspapｅｒinｄustrｙstiｌｌcａnnｏtsaｔisfｙｔｈeｒeａdeｒsｏｗingtｏiｔs_＿____.A．failureｔorealizｅitsreaｌproblem

Ｂ．ｔeｎｄencytohirｅannoyｉｎgｒｅｐortｅrsＣ.likelｉneｓstoｄoiｎａccuraｔerｅpｏrｔiｎg

Ｄ.preｊudiceinmaｔtersｏfrａｃｅａndgender

SｅctｉoｎＣＤiｒｅｃtｉons:

Reaｄthｅｐassagecareｆuｌly.Fｉlｌineacｈbｌａnkwithａｐroperseｎtencegiｖｅnｉntｈｅｂoｘ.Eachsｅnｔｅｎcecanbｅuｓeｄoｎlyｏnce.Nｏtｅtｈａt(yī)theｒearｅtｗomoｒesenｔencesｔｈａnyouneeｄ.

A.

Ｈenｃe,anycoｎcernsabｏuｔwethairａrethｅorｅtical.Ｂ.

Iｎｓomｅcａｓeｓ，wethaiｒmayａｃｔuallybeaｈeｌpｆulsleepaid.C.

Oｖｅrｔｉme,itｃanｌeadtobrｅａkａges,asｗellasalossofsｈiｎe．D.

Theremaybｅsoｍemiｌdｒｉsｋsasｓociａt(yī)ｅdwｉthgｏiｎgtobedwｉthwethaiｒ.

Ｅ.

Ａnotｈerｗet-haiｒ

ｒumor

(謠傳)istｈｅｉdｅathatharmfｕlbactｅｒｉawiｌlcolｏｎｉzeｙourpｉｌｌoｗ．F.

Thｉsideａsｅemstofｉtｉnｔotｈｅｏldbiｔofcustoｍthatgettingｙｏｕrselｆchｉlleｄａndｗｅtwillcauseyoutocomedownｗiｔhacold.

Ifyoｕshowｅrbeforeｂｅd,you’vｅｐrｏbablｙwｏｎdeｒedwｈeｔhersleｅｐingwｉthdamphaiｒiｓapｒoｂlｅm.Maybｅｙou’ｖｅｈeａrｄitcouldmaｋeyousick,ｏrｔhａｔitｃａndaｍageyourｈａirorsｋiｎ.Wｈat’s

tｈe

ｔrutｈ?

Lｅt’s

ａdｄrｅss

thｅ

“it

ｃaｎ

make

ｙou

sｉck”

mｙth

ｆｉrst.

“(６7）__＿___”

says

Dr.

Wiｌliam

Schaffｎer，

a

profｅssor

oｆ

mediciｎe．

While

this

ideａ

ｐersｉsts,

Schaffner

saｙs

iｔ

was

long

ago

disproveｄ.

Iｔ’s

trｕｅ

ｔｈaｔ

ｙou’re

ｍｕch

ｍore

ｌｉｋely

ｔo

catｃh

a

ｃommon

coｌd

duriｎｇ

tｈｅ

winｔer

mｏｎths.

But

this

has

to

ｄo

ｗｉth

the

wayｓ

reｓｐiraｔoｒy

(呼吸的）virｕsesｓprｅad,hesａys.(６8）_＿____

Illnｅｓｓ－causｉｎgbacteriaａnｄvirusｅsdｏn’tａｐpeａrnａｔｕrallｙ,andｓoyou’ｒenotgoingtｏmaｋeyourselfｉｌｌbｙgｅttinｇyouｒpiｌloｗａｌｉttｌedaｍpatniｇht,Scｈａffneｒsays.Bｕtthｅｒeisapｏssiblｅexceptiｏn.Sｏme

reseaｒｃh

hasshowntｈａt(yī)piｌlｏｗｓ—ｅspｅciallythoｓｅmadewithsｙnthetｉcmａt(yī)ｅrｉals—cancontain

aｓthma-orallｅrgy-ｔｒigｇｅrinｇmolｄｓ

（哮喘或致敏菌)aｎｄfuｎｇus，ｗhichtｅnｄtoｄoｗｅlｌｉｎdampeｎvｉronｍｅntｓ,anｄsodｏｄuｓtｍitｅs，saｙsＤr.PayeｌGｕｐtａ,ａspｏkespeｒｓonfoｒtheAｍeriｃａnＬunｇAsｓoｃiatｉon.Guptａsａysthere’snoeｖidencetｈatpeｏplewhosleｅｐwithwethaｉrexpeｒｉenceｍoreａllergyｏrasthmaｓymｐtoms.(６9)_＿＿___Ｂｕtifyouｗakeuｐｗitｈasｔｕｆfｙｎose，ｉtchyorwaterｙeyes,breaｔｈingｐｒｏblemｓorothｅrａllｅｒｇyorasthmａsympｔoms—ｏｒｅvｅnifyoｕdon’t—yousｈouldｗasｈyourｐｉlloｗcasｅsａndｓｈeetｓinhotｗaｔeｒａt(yī)leａstonceaweektoreduceyoｕrexpｏsuretoaｎypotential

irritaｎts

（刺激物）.Whｅnitcomeｓtotｈｅｈeaｌｔhofyourｈairandｓkin,thｅremａｙbeａfewotherrｅａsｏnstowｏrryaboutwethａir.“Generally,it’ｓthoughtnottobegoｏdforhairtoslｅeｐｗiｔhitweｔ,”sａｙsDｒ.GｅorgeCotｓａrelis，apｒofessorｏｆ

ｄermatoｌｏgy

(皮膚病學(xué)),“（７0)___＿__”It’saｌｓoｗorthnotｉngthatａlｍoｓtanｙtｈingｙoudotoyourhａiｒ—fｒoｍbrｕshｉngａndｂlow-dryｉnｇiｔtｏcｏloｒｉngitorｅxposinｇittoｔhesuｎ—cａndamageｉt.

IＶ.SuｍｍaｒｙWritiｎgＤiｒectｉｏｎs：

Rｅａｄ

thｅ

followinｇ

paｓsage.

Summarｉｚｅ

tｈe

ｍain

ｉdea

aｎd

thｅ

maｉn

poｉｎｔ(ｓ)

ｏf

the

pasｓａgｅ

in

no

more

ｔhan

60

ｗords.

Uｓｅ

your

owｎ

wｏrds

as

far

ａs

pｏssiｂｌｅ.７1．

Whａｔ

coｍeｓ

ｆirst:

ｔｈe

oｐtimｉｓm

or

ｔｈe

goｏd

ｈeaｌtｈ？Optiｍｉsm，definedasthegeｎｅraleｘｐｅctationthatthefutureｗiｌlbefaｖｏrabｌe,ｃouldpｒovideｗaｙｓｔｏimprovｅhｅalｔh，ｓoｍeresｅarｃhersbelｉeｖe.Buｔsｃiｅntisｔsreｍaｉnunsｕreifoｐtｉｍismgoesaｈｅadofheａlthｉmprｏveｍenｔs,ｏrviceversａ.Ａrecentstudyｓuggeststｈaｔmｏstpeoｐlecan’thelpｂuｔｔothinkｏptｉmisｔiｃalｌy．ThｉsｓtｕdywａscoｎｄuctｅdbｙEdO’Brｉen，asｏcialｐｓycｈoｌogisｔａｔtｈｅUniveｒsiｔｙoｆMichｉｇaninＡnnＡrｂoｒ.Tｈeｆiｎdiｎgssuｇgestthａt(yī)peoｐleｈａveanaｔuralｔeｎdencytoｔｈinkposiｔivｅlyabouttheirfutｕrｅ.Participantswereaskedtocrｅateaｌistｏfimaginarypｅrｓｏｎalexperiｅｎcesｔhaｔｗouldmakethemhappyｏrunhａpｐyoverｔｈecouｒsｅofｔｈeｎextyｅar．Theyｔheｎraｎｋedhowdiｆfiｃｕlｔｉｔｗaｓtｏｐlanthａt(yī)listａndhｏｗｈapｐythｅyｂｅｌieｖedtheyｗouｌdbeintheｆutuｒeoveｒａlｌ.Tｈｅeａｓｉｅritwasforｐeopｌｅtｏthinkofpｏｓｉtivｅｆutureexpeｒiences，tｈehapｐiertheyｉmagiｎedｔhｅywouｌｄbｅ.Howevｅr,theｒewasnoｒelaｔionｓｈiｐbetｗeeｎeasｉｌｙdevelｏpｉngｎegativeｆuｔuｒeeｘｐerｉencesaｎdｅｘpｅctingtｏbeunhappyasaresult．Ｏ’Ｂrieｎ

concｌudｅｄ

tｈaｔ

peoplｅ

seeｍ

ｔｏ

diｓcount

the

possｉｂiliｔｙ

ｔhat

ｆｕtuｒe

ｎeｇａｔive

events

wｉlｌ

ｍake

them

ｈapｐy

oｖｅraｌl,

suｇｇｅsting

thaｔ

ｏptimiｓm

ｍighｔ

coｍe

morｅ

naturalｌｙ.

“We’ｒe

nｏt

as

uｓeｄ

ｔo

thiｎｋing

about

the

fｕtｕre

in

ｔermｓ

oｆ

thinｇs

ｔhａt(yī)

aｒe

goinｇ

to

go

wｒong.”

O’Brien’ｓ

ｓｔudｙ

is

onｅ

ｏｆ

many

ｔｏ

fiｎｄ

that

peoｐｌｅ

aｒe

conｓiｓtently

optｉｍiｓｔiｃ

aboｕt

theiｒ

futuｒe,

pｒedｉctinｇ

pｌeaｓant

exｐeｒｉeｎceｓ

ａnd

discountｉng

uｎpleasant

ones.

If

optｉmisｍ

may

lead

tｏ

ｂetter

healtｈ

and

peoplｅ

ｇeｎerａｌly

tｅｎd

to

tｈｉnk

opｔiｍistiｃａlly,

ｗhaｔ

ｄoeｓ

tｈis

mｅaｎ

for

the

connection

betｗeen

ｍeｎtal

ａnd

pｈyｓical

heaｌth？

“Ｉf

we

cａｎ

ｍakｅ

sｕｒe

ｔhat

ｏptiｍism

coｍes

beforｅ

ｈealｔｈy

sｔａt(yī)ｅs，

we

might

be

aｂle

to

invoｌvｅ

and

iｍprovｅ

ｐeople’ｓ

ｏptｉmiｓm,”

Boehm

explained.

Howｅvｅr，

it’ｓ

dｉfficｕlｔ

to

determine

ｗhat

comes

ｆirｓt:

tｈe

oｐｔｉmisｍ

ｏr

the

gｏod

hｅalth．V.Ｔrａｎslation

Directiｏnｓ：

Tｒａｎsｌａt(yī)etｈefoｌｌoｗiｎgｓentｅncesintoEnｇlｉsｈ,uｓiｎgthewordsgiveｎinｔhebｒackｅｔs．72.

看來小王并不滿足于已取得的進步。(Ｉt)７3.

除非你注意言行,不然你會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難和新同事和睦相處。(getalｏng)74.

無論什么情況都決不能饒恕那些企圖在學(xué)術(shù)研究中弄虛作假的人,畢竟學(xué)習(xí)無捷徑。(Neveｒ)7５.

讓教練倍感欣慰的是,隊員們并沒有因為球迷的吹毛求疵而垂頭喪氣，而是取長補短，更加努力地訓(xùn)練。(ｍakｅupfoｒ)VI.GｕidedＷritiｎg

Directｉonｓ:

WriteanEnｇｌiｓｈｃomｐｏsｉtiｏnin1２０-150worｄｓacｃoｒdiｎgtｏｔhｅｉｎstｒｕcｔiｏnsgiｖeｎｂeｌowｉnCｈｉnｅｓｅ.請認真觀察這幅圖片,然后結(jié)合自己的生活實際寫一篇發(fā)言稿，在班會上與同學(xué)們分享你對該現(xiàn)象的思考。你的作文中必須包括:1、

簡述圖片內(nèi)容；2、

分析產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因；3、

談?wù)勀愕目捶āＷ⒁猓鹤魑闹胁坏贸霈F(xiàn)你本人的姓名、班級及學(xué)校等真實信息;

參考答案１-10

BCＡDB

C