2019上海虹口區(qū)高三英語(yǔ)二模試卷

１９上海虹口區(qū)高三英語(yǔ)二模試卷（ｗorｄ版）考生注意:1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘,試卷滿分１４0分。2.本次考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在谷題紙上,做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前,務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和姓名,并將核對(duì)后的條形碼貼在指定位置上在答題紙反面清楚地填寫(xiě)姓名。Ｉ.ListeninｇＣompｒeｈensionSectioｎＡＤireｃtions:

InSecｔiｏｎA(yù),yoｕwｉllhｅartenshｏrtconversationsbetweentwospeakers．Attｈｅe(cuò)ｎdofeaｃhconvｅrsatｉoｎ，aquestionwillbeaｓkeｄａｂouｔｗhatwassaｉd.Tｈeｃoｎｖersationｓａｎｄthｅqｕestionswｉllbespokenonlｙonｃe.Ａfteryｏｕhｅａrａｃonverｓａｔionaｎdtheｑuestｉoｎaboutｉt,readthｅfourposｓｉbleａnsｗersｏｎｙｏurpapｅr，aｎdｄecidewhｉcｈoneｉｓtheｂesｔanｓwertotheｑuｅstionｙouhaveheard.１.Ａ.Atａｎairｐｏrt.B.Oｎaplane.C.Onabuｓ．D.Inadepartmeｎtstｏre.２.A．Ｈeissｕｆｆｅringapaininthｅｎeck.B.Ｈisroommateｗａlksiｎｈissleep．C．Hｉｓrooｍmatｅ’sbedisaｌwayｓinameｓs.Ｄ.Hedoeｓn’ｔlikeｓhariｎgaroomwiｔhａnyoｎｅ.3.A．Thewoｍanwａsfullyabsorbeｄiｎthｅmoｖｉe.B.Ｔhewomanloｓtｈｅrｗaytothecinemathaｔevening．C.Thｅwomａncｏｕldn’tundeｒstａndthｅmovｉeveｒyweｌl.Ｄ.Ｔhｅｍoviewasnobｅｔteｒｔhａnwｈatthｅwｏmanｈadｉmａgｉned.4.A.$1６0．Ｂ．＄50．

Ｃ．＄１20.Ｄ.$15０.5.A.Hereａlｌｙｌiｋｅshiswｉfe’snewhaiｒsｔｙle．B.Hisｗifｅdidｎ’tｔakｅhisseｎsibleaｄviｃｅ.C．Ｈedidn’twａnttocuｔhｉsｗife’sloｎghａiｒ.D.Hiswifeoftencomplaｉnsabouｔevｅrｙthｉng．6.A.Ｐｕｚzled.B.Regretful.C．Aｎgｒｙ．D.Reliｅvｅd.7.A.Ａjobｏｆfer.

Ｂ.Anentryforｍ.Ｃ．Ａnｅxcelｌentｒésumé.D．Tｈepoｓｉtionｏfsyｓtemengｉneer.８.A．Ｍｒ.Jameｓｔalｋｓalotabouｔgarｄening．B.Mｒ．Jamｅsｌiｋesboａsｔingｏｆｈiscleｖｅrｎeｓs.C.ThewｏmanisnoｔinteｒesteｄinwhａｔMr.Jａmｅssays.D.Ｍr.Jamｅsisn’ｔverystrａｉghtfoｒｗardiｎｗhathｅsays.9.

Ａ.Ｔｈeelderｌyaｒeｅxperｔaｔusingapｐs．B.Ｔheelderlydｏn’tknowhoｗtouseaｐpｓ.C．Theelｄｅrlycanheｌｐtodeｖｅlｏpsmａrtaｐｐｓ.D.Ｔheａppｄevｅlｏpeｒscan’tafｆorｄtoignoretheelｄerly.10.A.Ｍr．Ｊｏhnsｏn’sideaｓarenonsｅnｓe．Ｂ.ＨeqｕiteagreesｗithMr.Jｏhnsoｎ’sviewｓ.Ｃ.Hehashisownopiｎionsoｎsociaｌｗelｆarｅ．D.Mｒ.Jｏhnsｏnisskillfuｌinexpressｉｎｇhｉｓｉdｅaｓ.SｅｃtionBDｉｒeｃtions:

ＩnSecｔioｎB，youwiｌｌheartwoshｏrtｐassagesaｎdonｅlongｅｒｃｏnveｒｓation,andyｏｕwiｌlbｅａskeｄｓeｖeralquestｉoｎｓoneａcｈofｔheｐａssagesandtｈｅcｏｎｖerｓaｔion.Ｔhepassagesａｎdtｈｅcｏnversationwｉlｌbereadｔwicｅ,butthequestionｓwillbespｏkenonlyonce．Wｈenyｏｕheａrａquesｔion，readtｈefourｐoｓsibleanswersｏnyouｒpaperandｄecidewhichonｅwouldｂeｔｈebestansweｒtｏtｈequｅsｔionyoｕhavehearｄ.Questioｎs11thｒouｇh13ａreｂaｓedｏntｈｅfｏlloｗｉngpａsｓage.1１.

A．Inmｕlｔi-ｃulturalcountｒｉes．B.Ｉndevelopiｎgｃountries.Ｃ.Indeveｌopeｄcoｕｎtriｅs.D．Ｉndensely－populaｔedｃｏuntries.12.

A.Ｌackofcｏmmuniｃationｆacｉliｔies.B．Tｅmｐoｒaryｓｈｅlteｒ．Ｃ.Ｐoｗerfailure.Ｄ.Noaccｅssｔoreｃrｅatioｎ.13.

Ａ.Ｆeａt(yī)uresofdｉffｅrｅnttｙpｅsofpovｅrty.B.Approachｅstoｐoｖeｒtyeliminatioｎ.C.Chａngｅｓinthｒeepovｅrtycategoｒies．D.Ｗayｓtｏcalculatetheｐｏvertylｉｎｅ.Quesｔions１4thrｏｕgh16arebaｓｅdontheｆoｌｌowingpaｓsａgｅ.14.A.Becauseofｔhecｏurｓeｍaterials．Ｂ.Beｃauseｏfthedｉsｃussｉontopｉｃｓ.Ｃ.Becaｕseｏfoｔhers’misuseoftechnｏｌogｙ．Ｄ．Becａuｓｅｏfaruletheｓpeａｋerｍadｅforhiscｌass.1５.A.Ｔhｅspeakeｒ’ｓｈistorｙclａssreceivedlｏwassesｓment.B.Ｔheｓtudentstｈｉnkhighlyofthｅsｐeａker’shiｓtoryclaｓｓ.C.Thespｅakｅｒmadｅtheruleｂｅｃａｕsehewａsaｇａｉｎstｔeｃhnｏloｇy.Ｄ.Thespeakｅｒmａdｅtherulejｕstｂecaｕｓｅofhisunplｅasaｎtexperｉences.１6.A.Itmａyimprovetｅａcｈiｎgandｏffｅrｍoｒeｈelp.B.Itmaｙallowstuｄenｔstogｅｔoｎwellwitheachoｔheｒ.Ｃ．Itmaydisｔracｔｓtudentｓfrombeinginvolｖｅdincｌａsｓ．D．Ｉｔmaｙhelｐsｔudｅntstobeｔｔerunｄerｓtandcoｍplexｔhemes.Qｕｅstions17through20aｒｅｂaｓedontheｆolｌowinｇｃoｎversaｔioｎ.17．A.Sｈebumpeｄinｔoaｃｏｆfeeｔable．Ｂ．Ｓhecｈaｔtedwｉｔhthecafｅoｗｎer.C．Shetalkedｗiｔhsomeonｅsheｋnｅw.D.Shewａｓｌiｓtｅninｇtoａｌivelｙdebate.18.A．Newｓpaperｓｗeregivenouｔtocｕstｏmｅrs．B．Anenｔrａnｃｅfｅe(cuò)wascｈａrgｅdforgettinｇｉn.Ｃ.Iｔwaｓtｈemeeｔingplacｅfｏrdeｂaｔinｇclubs.D.ItwaｓfiｒｓｔsｔａrteｄｉｎOｘfｏrｄｉnthｅ16thcentuｒy.19.Ａ.Paｒtlｙrｉgｈt．B.Extremeｌyｉntereｓtｉng.C.Vｅrｙunfair.D.Abitunｒeaｓoｎaｂle.２0.A.Ｂyprｏvidingfｒeelapｔopsfｏruse．B.Byｍakｉｎgｓoｆaｓcomfｏｒtaｂleｔositoｎ.C．Byengaｇingtｈeminstｉmulａt(yī)ｉnｇｃoｎｖersａt(yī)ｉon.D.Ｂytｒansｐortingｃustomersｔovariｏｕsdesｔinａt(yī)ioｎs．II．ＧｒａmmａｒanｄVocａbularySeｃtiｏnADｉrecｔｉons：

Aｆtｅrreaｄｉngtｈepassａgebｅlｏw,fｉllintheblａnkｓtomakeｔhepasｓagｅcoｈｅrentandgraｍmaｔiｃallyｃorｒect.Fortheblanｋsｗithaｇｉvenword,filliｎeachblａｎｋwｉtｈｔheprｏperfoｒmｏftheｇｉvｅｎword；ｆortheoｔheｒblaｎkｓ,useoｎewordthatbeｓtfiｔseａcｈblank．TheBesｔWayofLosingWeigｈtForgetwhaｔthｅｓkinnymoviestarsａndtheTVａｄveｒtssay－lｏｓiｎｇweiｇhtiｓharｄwoｒｋ.(２1）______youｄoiｔｔhｒougｈexｅrcise,dieｔ，orabｉtoｆbｏtｈ，it’sｅxtrｅmｅlyｃhallｅngｉngtｏlosethｏsepouｎdｓandthｅntokeepthｅｍｏff.Soｍetimesitｃaｎｉnｖolvｅ(２２)______（chaｎgｅ)hugepａｒtｓofyourday-to－daｙlifｅanｄｉtcanmeａnbreakingdｅｃadeｓ-ｏldhａbits．Ｂuｔittuｒnsouttheｒe’soneliｔtleｔｈｉngｙoｕ（2３）___＿＿_(dá)doｔoheｌpyouacｈieveyoｕrgoａｌandiｔ’sgｏｔnoｔhingtｏｄowithfooｄorexercise.TheexpertsatWeightWatcｈerｓdidresｅarchwhichshowｓｍanyｏｆtｈｅirmembｅrswereｍorｅsucｃｅｓｓfulａｎd(2４)_____＿(discourａged)wｈｅntheｙsｈaredrｅguｌaｒupdatesontheirnewhealthｙlifestyleonｌiｎe.Ｔheyfoundｐeopｌeｗｈoshareｄａdiaryoftheirdailyｌｉveswithfriendsaｎdfolloｗerswｅrestｉmulatｅｄandｉnspｉreｄｂypositiｖefｅe(cuò)dbaｃk(２5)______theyloｓtsomepｏundsandｋeptｔhｅmoff.Ｍｏrethan5０percentofpeoplｅsａｉｄthesuppｏrtofaweｉghｔloｓscoｍmuniｔyｗａscrucialwhｅｎiｔcame(26)____＿_(dá)ｃhａngiｎgtheiｒeatingｈabiｔsand53ｐeｒcｅntshaｒedpｈoｔｏsoｆtｈｅｉｒmｅaｌsｏnsocｉａｌmedia.Withtｈiskｎowledgeｕndertheirｂelｔs,ＷｅightWａt(yī)cheｒs(2７）___＿＿_(dá)（laｕnｃh)asｅｒiesofｓhｏrｔfｉlmｓlatelywhiｃhsｈowｐeoplerecordinｇtheirdaｉlｙweiｇhｔlossjｏurnｅy.OnｅofthemｅmberswhoshａrｅdｈerjourneｙwasDaniellｅＤuｇｇins,ａnｄｈervｉdeｏshｏwsherenjoyｉnｇarangｅofhealthymeａlｓａｎｄafewtrｅaｔｓ,whｉｌe(２8)______(play)wiｔhｈerchiｌdrｅｎ.The

ｃomｐａny’s

ｍaｒketiｎg

direcｔoｒ

Claudia

Niｃhoｌls

ｓaｉd:

“Ｔhe

suｐport

ｏf

ａ

commuｎity

haｓ

always

pｒoved

tｏ

ｂｅ

ａn

effective

wａy

of

forming

and

suｓtaining

heaｌthｙ

habｉts,

but

ｔhｅre

hａs

never

beeｎ

ａn

eａsier

or

mｏre

aｆfordabｌe

wａy

(29)

＿_(dá)___＿

(tap)

iｎｔo

the

power

ｏf

thｅ

ｃrowｄ

fｏｒ

suｐpｏrt

anｄ

iｎspiｒatioｎ

witｈ

tｈe

expｌｏｓion

oｆ

onlｉne

cｏｍｍunｉtiｅs.

Weight

Ｗatcherｓ

owns

a

sｏciaｌ

coｍmuｎity

for

meｍｂerｓ，

Coｎｎeｃt，

(３0)

__＿＿_(dá)＿

seeｓ

over

1４,00０

daily

pｏstｓ

in

the

UK

aｌｏne,

anｄ

proｖｉdes

ouｒ

membeｒs

wiｔh

instanｔ

acｃｅss

to

a

commuｎitｙ

oｆ

pｅopｌe

who

are

on

similar

journeys

tｏ

theｍ.SｅctionBDiｒｅctiｏns:

Fillineachblankwithaproｐeｒwｏrdcｈosenfrｏmthebox.Ｅaｃｈｗｏrdcanbeuｓeｄoｎlyｏnce.

Ｎotetｈaｔthereisｏnewoｒdmｏrethａnｙouneｅd.

Ａ．scaleＢ．engagedC．ｄisastrousD．ｈｏtsｐｏtsE．tarｇetＦ．vｉｃtimG.intｅｒwoｖenH.inｅvitaｂlｅI.continuousJ.rｅsolｖeＫ．riｓｋｙWhy

Bｉkｅ

Ｔｈeｆt

Iｓ

Ｎot

Takeｎ

Sｅriｏusｌｙ?Ｆor

mａny

peopｌe

ａ

bicycｌe

is

the

onｌy

ｔrａnｓport

ｔｈey

cａｎ

afford

aｎd

it

is

vｅｒy

convenienｔ

fｏr

thｅm

to

usｅ.

Ｔherefoｒe，

thｅ

impacｔ

of

the

loss

ｏf

their

bikｅ

can

ｂｅ

__31_＿.

But

why

ｉs

cycle

theft

so

oftｅｎ

seｅn

ａs

ａ

minoｒ

ｃｒimｅ?Acｃordinｇtoｔhｅpoｌiｃe,9６,210ｂｉkeswerestolｅnin20１8,andaｂoutonｅin50biｃycle-owｎinghouseholdsｆall__32__tｏcyｃletｈeｆtｅachyear.Ｔhｏｓeｗhｏcａnａfｆorｄａsecondbiｋemighthavea“ｂeater”,acheapbｉkｅtheyleａveｉn

__３3__

arｅａs,aｎdｃanａffordｔｏlose—butｔｈｏseｗhocannotmakｅbothｅnｄｓmeet，ａndlｉveｂelｏwtheｐoｖｅrtyliｎｅwillfｉndthemseｌvｅs

ｃornerｅdbｙｂiketheft.

Accｏrdｉｎg

to

a

sｕrｖey

fｏr

Bike

Ｒｅgisｔeｒ,

50%

ｏf

victims

feｌt

poｌice

diｄn’t

inveｓtigate

the

ｃrime,

ｗｈile

ｔhosｅ

__34__

iｎ

cｙｃlｅ

ｔhｅft

see

iｔ

as

low

ｒｉsk

in

tｅrms

oｆ

bｅｉng

ｃａｕght.

Poliｃe

recover

jｕst

3%

of

ｓtoｌeｎ

bｉkes．

In

fact,

tｈｅ

ｐrｏbｌem

is

almｏｓt

ｃertainly

much

greａｔｅｒ：

Pｅople

ｏｆten

ｄon’t

rｅpｏrt

it

tｈinking

tｈｅrｅ’s

nothiｎg

tｈｅ

ｐolice

can

do，

so

the

fｕll

__35__

oftｈｅpｒoｂlemremaｉｎsｈidden.CｙcｌecrimehoｔｓpotswｅrｅidenｔifiedaｓCambridge,Ｏx(chóng)ｆord,Ｓouthaｍpton,Ｂristol,eｔｃ.Mostｃｙｃletheｆtｓoccurnearｏｒinpeoｐｌｅ’shomes,bｕｔtｈｉevesaｌｓｏ＿_(dá)３6_＿ｔransｐort

ｈubs

(中心，樞紐)anｄｕnｉversityｃaｍpusｅs.Inthemeantime，tｈepoｌiｃehaｖecomeｕpｗiｔhaｗaｙｔo＿_(dá)3７__ｔheissuｅ．Tｒaining23ofｆｉcerｓｉn

reｇiｏｎaｌ

cycｌecrｉmetaskｆorcesispartofanａt(yī)ｉoｎalcyclecｒｉmｅｓtrａt(yī)egy,__３８__withｍｅasurｅslｉkｅe(cuò)ｄuｃａt(yī)iｏnonｓafelｏckingｔechｎiques，worｋｉngwｉthｗｅｂsitesｗｈｅreｍorethａnhaｌfｏｆstｏleｎｂｉkesareｓolｄ,ａndidｅｎtifｙiｎgｃycｌetheft__3９_＿ａndpriｏritieｓ.Ifabikeｉｓsｔolen,theｒeｉsaｂｏuta20％chancethevicｔimwilｌｎotreplaceiｔ,lｏsingｔhｅirｔranspoｒt,exerciｓｅ，aｎdpｏｔeｎtｉalａｃcessｔolocaｌcｏmmunitｉｅsanｄｓｅｒvice．Itiswidｅlyacｃｅptedｔｈatpｏlｉce’s＿_(dá)40__effortisfundameｎｔalｔoadroｐincｙｃlethｅft.III．ReadｉngＣｏmpreｈｅnｓiｏnＳecｔionADirｅctiｏns:

FｏreａcｈblankiｎthefoｌlowinｇpassａgetherearefｏｕrｗordsorpｈrａseｓmarkedA,Ｂ,CａndＤ．Ｆillineacｈblanｋwithｔhｅｗｏrdoｒｐhrasethatｂｅstfｉtsｔｈecｏｎｔext.Techｎologyisplａyingaｖiｔaｌroleｉnｐreｓｅrvationaｎｄecolｏgｙresearch.

Ｄrones

(無(wú)人機(jī))hｏldhugｅ__41__inthefiｇｈｔtosavethｅworｌｄ’sremａiningwｉldｌｉfefrom

exｔinctｉon.Sorｅseaｒｃhｅrsｃaｎｎｏwtｒackwildaｎｉmalｓthrougｈdeｎｓｅｆｏｒｅstsａｎdｍoｎitorwhalesinvastoceans.It’seｓｔimaｔedｔhaｔ

upｔoｆiveliｖinｇsｐeｃiesbｅcomeeｘｔinｃtｅｖerｙｄaｙ,ｍaｋｉngiturgentｔｈatuniversiｔiesdｅvelｏpneｗtechnｏloｇiｅstocapturｅthedatathatcanpeｒsuade_＿42_＿tｏact．TheBritisｈIｎtｅrnatioｎalEducaｔionAssoｃiationｈoｓtedaｃoｎfeｒeｎceinJanuａrｙto＿_(dá)43__theimｐortanceoftechnolｏgicalｓｏlｕｔｉｏnｓinｐrotectiｎg

vulnｅrａble

（易受傷害的)species

and

ecoｓｙstｅms．

Speａkers

ｕnｄｅrlｉneｄ

how

tｅｃｈnｏｌogy

caｎ

help

__44__:

drｏｎes

can

cｉrcｌe

hiｇh

ａboｖｅ

the

oｃean

to

spot

ｗhales,

wｈile

certａin

camｅras

can

iｄentify

ｍeｍｂers

ｏf

an

ｉndiｖidｕal

speciｅs.ＡccordingｔｏClａuｄioＳillero,biｏlogｙpｒoｆｅsｓoratＯx(chóng)fordＵniｖersiｔｙ,technoｌogｙiｓchａngingｈｏwpreservationｒesearcｈｉsdｏｎｅ—butit’sina(n)

__45__ｗay.Ａstｅchｎｏloｇｙgetsbeｔｔeｒandcｈｅaper,ｒeseａrcheｒsbeｃｏmebeｔｔerａt(yī)doｉnｇｗhattheｙwerｅaｌreａｄｙdoing．__４6＿_(dá),rｅmotesｅnsingusedｔobｅaveryｔeｃｈniｃaｌtｏoｌbutｉｓnｏｗwiｄespread,anｄeveｒyｏneｕsesｇｌobaｌpoｓitioninｇsyｓtｅｍ（ＧＰS)ｆorsurveyiｎｇ.Ｂutｔｅａｃhｉngpresｅrvatiｏnａndecologycoursesinｕniversity_＿４7__.Soｍｅteacｈdronｅsurveyiｎgmeｔｈodsindｅpｔhwhｉleｏｔhersdon’tevenmｅnｔiｏntｈｅm.“Thｅfａｃtis,usｉngｄronesisquｉtea(n)__4８__tｏtｈe

interdｉsciｐlinary

（跨學(xué)科的)‘uｎknown’oｆｅｎgineｅｒｉng,ａｎdpｏtentiallyanａreawheｒelecturｅrｓｍａynotｆｅe(cuò)lｃoｎfｉdentｔoｔeａchyｅt，”SergeWich,anexpertinprｉｍａｔｅbiｏlogysays.“Ｓtｕdｅntsaretaughtaｂouｔ__4９__tecｈnｏｌogiessuchａsauｔomatｉcsouｎdrecｏrｄｅrｓ,bｕｔdronｅsareofｔenmisｓingfromuｎiｖersｉtyｔeachｉng．Coｎsequentｌy,droneuseａmｏngrｅseaｒchｅrsｉsstｉｌlfaiｒｌy_＿5０__ａｎdｆoｃｕsedongettinｇphｏtos.”Ｗich’ｓｔeａmofｒeｓearcherｓｕsedtechnｉｑuestｏdevelｏpafuｌlyaｕtomateddronetｅｃｈｎoｌogyｓystemthaｔ__５1_＿

ａndmonｉｔorstｈehealｔｈofendangｅredａｎｉmalｓglｏbally．Ｉt’ｓdesigneｄtoｂｅchｅａp，stablｅandsimplｅtoｕse，sotｈatｌｏcalｃommunitieｓｉｎdeｖelopingcoｕｎｔｒiescaｎopeｒateit＿＿52＿_(dá)ｗithouttecｈniｃａlbackｇrouｎd.Yetit’snotmorewｉdｅｌyｕsｅdｏnｔheｇroundｓofｒesｅarchers’laｃｋｏfｓｋiｌlstｏuｓethiｓtechｎoloｇy.Inbioｌogy,wheredrｏnesareｕsed,feｗcanｐrｏgraｍan

ａlgｏriｔｈｍ

(算法)speｃｉfiｃalｌyforｔhｅｉrpresｅrｖａt(yī)ｉoｎoｒreｓblem.“There’smuｃhｔｈａt(yī)neｅｄstｏbedｏneｔｏ_＿53__tｈosetｗｏwoｒｌdsandｔomａkeAIｍoreuser-fｒｉendlysｏtｈatpｅｏplｅwｈｏcan’ｔproｇrａmｃanstiｌｌusｅthetｅchnology,”Wicｈｓaｙs．__5４＿＿，thｅｓadｔｒutｈｉsthatbetterteｃhnoｌogｙalｏｎewｉllｎoｔsaｖeaｎyｍｏｒespecieｓｆromdyｉnｇouｔ,Ｇｒｅe(cuò)nｇｒasswaｒｎs.“Ａshuｍanpopulａｔionｓincrｅaｓe,sodｏthｒｅatsandｐrｅssｕreｏnwｉldｐlａces．Preservaｔiｏnｉstsarｅ＿_(dá)55__foｒnotdoingenoughｂutit’softｅnａｎiｓsｕeｏfpeopｌe,cｏnｆlｉctａnｄgovｅrｎance.”Technologymayｈelｐpｒovｉdefargｒeateｒkｎｏｗｌeｄｇe，butgｏvernｍentsｓtｉlｌneedtoaｃｔ.

41．A.shｏrtａgｅ

Ｂ.threaｔｓ

Ｃ.

poｔential

Ｄ.responsibiｌｉtｉeｓ42.A．ｒeｓearｃhers

Ｂ.

aｕtｈorities

C.ｏpｐoｎents

Ｄ.profｅssionaｌs43.A．

hｉghliｇht

Ｂ.oｖｅrlooｋ

C.ａssess

D.cａlcｕlate44.Ａ．eｄｕcａt(yī)ion

B.preparation

C．

pｒeservatioｎ

D．ｄistinｃtｉｏｎ45.A.ｅｖoluｔionaｒy

Ｂ.flexｉbｌe

C.vｉｒtual

Ｄ．dｒamaｔiｃ４6．A.Aｓａresulｔ

B．Incｏnclusion

C．Oｎｔｈｅｃontraｒy

Ｄ．Foｒexａmｐle47.Ａ.diｆｆeｒs

B.ｅqｕaｌs

C.ｍultiplies

D．ｓtrｕgｇles4８.

A．obstaｃｌe

B.leａp

C.ｅquivａlｅｎｔ

Ｄ.exｃｅｐtion49．A.ilｌ-intentioｎｅd

B．fulｌy-prｅpared

Ｃ.weｌl-establiｓhed

D.naｒrowly-appｌied50.A.definite

B.ｖaｇue

C.simplｅD.ｌｉmited51.A.conｔrols

B.traｃks

Ｃ．ｓupｅrviseｓ

D．impｒoveｓ５2.A.eａrnestly

B.inｄｅpendｅnｔlｙ

C.secretly

D.impｅrｓｏnａlly53.

A．brｉｄgｅ

B.ｆix

C.ｄｉｓｍiss

D．grasp5４．A.TｈerefoｒｅB.Moreoveｒ

C．Ｈｏweｖeｒ

D.Otherwise55.A.fired

Ｂ．inｓulｔed

C.qualｉfiｅd

D．cｒiticiｚeｄＳecｔiｏnＢDireｃtiｏｎs：

Reａｄthｅｆolｌｏwingtｈｒeepassaｇｅs．Eａchpassaｇｅｉｓｆｏlloｗeｄｂyｓeｖｅralqueｓtionｓｏｒｕnfiｎｉshｅdｓtａt(yī)emeｎts．ForｅaｃhoｆtｈeｍtherearefourchoiｃｅｓｍaｒkedＡ,B，CanｄＤ．Choｏsｅｔheonｅｔhaｔfitsbeｓtacｃoｒｄinｇtｏtheiｎｆormａｔioｎgｉveｎｉnthepassａgeｙouhavejustｒｅad.(Ａ)ADifferentKiｎdｏfSpｒingＢreakＦorｍaｎyAmeｒicanuniverｓiｔyｓtudｅnts,ｔhｅweeｋ－longspringbrｅakｈolidaｙｍeanｓａneｎdlesspａｒtonasuｎnybeachinＦlorｉｄａorＭexiｃo.ＩnPａnａmaＣityBeach，F(xiàn)ｌorｉda,aｃitywitｈapermａnentｐopｕlatｉｏnofａppｒoｘｉmateｌy36,00０,morethanｈａｌfamillｉonｕniversitystudentｓaｒｒiveduｒｉnｇtｈｅmoｎtｈofMaｒchtｏplayａndpartｙ,ｍakinｇitｔhenｕｍbeｒonesprｉngbreakdｅsｔinationintheUniteｄStaｔeｓ.Aｗeek-ｌoｎgdrｉnking

biｎge

iｓnotforeverｙone，hoｗeｖer，aｎｄａgｒowinｇnｕmbeｒofAｍｅrｉcanunivｅrｓityｓtudｅnｔｓhavefｏuｎdａｗａｙtomakeｓprｉｎgｂreａkmatter.Fortheｍ,joinｉngorleadiｎgagｒｏupofｖｏlｕｎｔｅe(cuò)ｒstｏtraｖｅllocallyoｒinterｎaｔiｏnａllｙandｗorktｏadｄrｅssproblemsｓuchaspoveｒｔy,hｏｍｅleｓsness,oreｎvironｍentaldａmａgｅｍａkesspｒiｎgbreakauniquelｅarｎiｎｇexperiencｅthatuｎｉvｅrsitystｕdentｓcanｆｅe(cuò)lgoodat.Duｒingonｅsｐringbrｅakｗeek，sｔudｅntsａｔJａmｅsMaｄiｓonUｎｉverｓityinVirginiapartｉcipateｄｉn15“alternativｅsprｉngbｒeak”tｒiｐstonearｂysｔates,thｒeeotherｓｔomoｒｅdｉｓtantｐａrｔsofthｅUnｉtｅｄSｔates，anｄfiveiｎteｒnationalｔrｉｐs.OｎeｇｒoupofJMUstuｄｅntstraveｌeｄｔｏＢogaｌusa,Ｌouｉsiaｎａ,ｔｏhelprebuｉldhｏmeｓdaｍａgｅdbyHuｒriｃanｅKａt(yī)riｎa.AnoｔhergrouｐｔｒaｖeledtoMｉsｓissｉppitoorganizeｃreativeaｃtiｖitiesｆｏｒｃｈiｌdrenｌiviｎgiｎaｈomelｅssshelｔeｒ．OｎegroupｏfｓtudｅntsｄｉdgｏtoFｌorｉda，butnottｏｌｉeoｎthｅｓａｎd．Thｅyｐerformedeｘhaｕｓtingｐhyｓiｃallaborsuｃhaｓmaｉntａiningｒovinginｖasiｖｅplantsｐeciesthattｈreａt(yī)eｎｔhｅnａt(yī)iｖeFloridａｅcosysｔeｍ.Stuｄentswhｏparｔiciｐateiｎａlｔｅrnａｔiveｓpringｂreaｋｐrｏjecｔsｆindthemvｅｒyrｅwardiｎg.Wｈileｍostuniverｓｉtystudenｔshaｖeｔｏｇｅｔtheirｄｅgreesbｅforetｈeycansｔaｒthelｐingｐeoplｅ,studｅnｔvolunteersareablｅｔohｅlpｐeｏplenow．Ontheｏｔhｅrhand,ｔheaccommｏdaｔionｓaｒeｆarfｒomglamorouｓ.Studentsｏｆｔeｎsleｅpoｎｔｈｅｆloorofascｈoolｏｒchｕrcｈ，orsｐendtheｗｅe(cuò)kcamｐiｎgｉnｔents.Butｓｔｕdentsoｎｌｙpayaround$２50ｆormealsandｔrａnsｐortaｔｉon,wｈｉchｉｓmuｃhlesｓtｈａnsoｍeｏftｈｅiｒｐeerｓｓpeｎdtotｒａveltｏmoretraditionalｓprinｇbreakhoｔsｐot.

５6.

How

many

univerｓｉｔｙ

sｔudｅntｓ

trａvｅl

ｔo

Pａnamａ

Beａcｈ

Ｃiｔy

eveｒｙ

Ｍａｒch

ｆｏr

sｐring

ｂreak？Ａ.Arｏuｎd３6,00０．

B.Aｒound5０，０00．Ｃ.Arｏunｄ50０,０00.

D．Arｏunｄ10,０00.57.

Theundｅｒlinedｗord“biｎge”iｎpaｒａgrapｈ２pｒoｂablymeaｎｓ__＿＿_(dá)_.A.ｄｏｉngtooｍuｃhofsｏmethiｎg

Ｂ.studyiｎｇｆoｒtoolongC.refuｓingtoｄosomethｉng

D.hａｖｉngverylｉttleaｌｃoｈol58.

Ｗhich

ｏf

tｈe

ｆollowiｎg

gives

ｔhe

ｍain

iｄea

of

tｈe

thｉrｄ

paragｒaｐh?Ａ.OnegｒoupｏfJMUstudentswoｒｋｅdｏnｈomesｄａmageｄbｙahｕｒricaｎe.B.Ｃhilｄrenｌiｖinginhomelesｓｓｈeltersenjoycｒｅatｉveacｔｉvities．C.Somｅsｔｕdentswｏrktoheｌptheｅnvｉrｏｎｍentｏｎalterｎatｉvesｐringbreaktrｉps．D.Unｉverｓｉtyｓtｕdｅntsｄｏdifｆeｒenｔｔypｅｓofworkｏnaltｅrnａt(yī)iｖespｒingbrｅａｋtriｐs.59．Ｗhatｉsimplieｄiｎtｈiｓartｉcleisｔｈat＿＿_(dá)__＿．A．univeｒｓitystudenｔsｓｐｅndmｏｒｅthan$250forｔraｄitionalspｒingbreａｋtrｉｐsB.ｕniｖersｉtystｕdｅｐｌaｉnabouttheacｃommodａt(yī)ioｎｓonalternaｔiｖespringbreａkｔripsＣ.ｕniverｓｉtystudｅｎtsmaytａkefeｗeralterｎａｔiｖｅｓpringbｒeaktripsinthefuｔureD.unｉvｅrsitｙｓtuｄentｓwｏuldprefｅrｔowaitｕntiｌｔhｅｙhavetheirｄｅgｒｅｅstoｓtａrthｅlpingpeoplｅ

(B）Crｏpｐｉｎg

(修剪)ａｎI(lǐng)ｍagｅWiththeＳnaｐShotProgramWｅlcoｍｅ

to

thｅ

wｏｒld

of

phoｔｏ－edｉting!Crｏppinganimａgｅalloｗsyoｕto

zeroinon

(對(duì)準(zhǔn),聚焦)

juｓttheｐｏｒtiontｈatｉsimportanttｏyourｐrｏｊecｔ.Ｆｏｒeｘample,youｍaywaｎttｏinsｅｒｔaｎimageｏfａcｏvered

ｔrａｉn

iｎareportbutｍaynｏｔwanttoiｎcluｄethewholｅtrａin.Ｃroppinｇtｈeiｍageallｏwｓyoｕｔoselｅctoｎlythesmalｌａreａyoｕwiｓhto

reｔａｉn

(保留)

ａｎdeｌｉminａt(yī)ｅａllotherporｔｉonsoftheｏriginａlpicｔure.Opｔiｏn

1:

Cｒopping

by

Pｌacｉnｇ

the

Ｉmage

in

ａ

ShａpｅUsｉｎg

one

of

Ｓnａｐ

Shoｔ’ｓ

standａrd

sｈapｅs

as

ａ

phoｔo－ｅditｉnｇ

tｏol

requires

nｏ

spｅcial

abilｉties.

Ｔo

cｒop

ａn

iｍage

with

a

staｎｄaｒｄ

ｓhape:a.

Ｃlick

Ｃroppｉng&Oｒientａｔｉon

froｍｔhe

Effects

ｍenu.b.

Ｃlickｔoselｅｃtoneofｔheｓｉxshapesｔｏframeｙourimage.ｃ.

Usｅthｅmｏusｅpｏintertodｒawａｆramearoundthepoｒtiｏnofｔｈeimageyｏuwishｔｏretaｉn．Rｅ-sizetｈeｆｒamebyｄraggiｎｇｔｈｅｓhａpｅ’ssizinｇhandlｅs.Ｗｈｅｎyouarｅsａt(yī)ｉsｆｉedwｉththereｓuｌtｓ,ｃlick

ＣutＩt．d.

SｎapShoｔｗilｌａutｏmａｔｉｃallyreｔurnｔothepｒojecttｈａt(yī)isopｅn.(Youmａyaｌsoｃopｙｏrｃutthecropｐedｉmageaｎdpａsteｉｔintoaｎｏtheraｐplication.)Ｏption

2:

Freeｈand

Croppｉｎg

oｆ

an

ImａgｅIｆ

you

waｎt

to

traｃe

ｔhe

shａpｅ

ｏｆ

an

oｂｊect

in

order

ｔｏ

ｃrop

oｕt

ｅvｅｒythinｇ

elｓe，

frｅｅhand

cropping

is

ｔhe

waｙ

tｏ

go.

Ｔo

crop

aｎ

ｉmａge

ｆrｅｅhａnｄ:a.

Ｃlｉck

ＦｒｅｅhandCrop

fromthe

Cｒｏｐping＆Orientationoption

ｏｎｔhe

Effects

mｅnu.b.

Usingthｅｍousｅpｏinｔer,ｔraceaｒｏundｔhｅshａｐeyouwaｎtｔocrop．Besuretocoｍpleteｌyｅnｃloｓethｅｉmaｇebyendiｎgatthｅsameplaｃeyouｂegaｎouｔliｎinｇ．c.

Cｌｉck

CuｔIt.SnapShotwillautomａt(yī)icalｌyｒetｕrntｏthepｒojeｃｔｔｈaｔisopen．

60.Themaiｎpuｒposeofthepasｓageisｔｏ______.Ａ.ｄescｒibethefeａt(yī)uresoｆSｎapSｈotＢ.explainｈoｗtouｓeSｎａpShｏｔtoｓｅlecｔsectioｎsofapictｕrｅＣ．showthaｔＳnapSｈotisaneasytooltoｕseD.ｄｉsｃusｓhowtｏusethｅfeatｕresofSnapShot61.ToperｆｏrｍOptioｎ2,ｏnesｈｏuｌdfirst______.A．selｅｃｔtheimagｅB.usethemouｓepｏinｔertoｄrａwaframｅC.seｌectCｒoppｉng&OrieｎtaｔionfｒomｔheEｆｆectsmｅnuＤ．re-siｚetheｆramebydｒaggｉngthesｉziｎghanｄｌｅsonｔheshape62.

Why

iｓ

fｒeｅhand

ｃrｏpｐing

ｄiscusｓeｄ

after

cｒopping

witｈ

shaｐeｓ?A．Tointroduceaｓｉｍplｅrtｅchｎiｑuebｅforemoｖingｏntｏamｏrecoｍｐlexｏｎe.Ｂ．Toproｃeedfromａmoｒeｕｓｅfulｔｅchｎiqｕeｔoｏnｅｗiｔｈfewｅrpraｃtiｃaｌapｐlicationｓ.C．Tooｒdertｈｅoｐtionsalphabetiｃaｌｌy.Ｄ.Toａｒrａｎｇethetext,makingspaceforｔhescreeｎｓhoｔs．

(Ｃ)Why

do

sｏ

many

Ａmerｉcaｎｓ

distrust

wｈaｔ

thｅy

rｅad

iｎ

theiｒ

newspapers？

The

Ameｒｉcan

Ｓociｅty

of

Newｓｐapeｒ

Ｅditors

iｓ

tryiｎg

to

ansｗer

thiｓ

painful

ｑuｅｓtion.

Ｔhe

oｒgａnizaｔion

is

deep

inｔo

a

long

self-anaｌyｓiｓ

knoｗｎ

ａｓ

the

journalｉsｍ

cｒedibｉlｉty

projｅct．Saｄtoｓay,ｔhisｐrojecthａｓｔuｒnｅdouｔtobemｏsｔlyｌow-ｌｅvelfindiｎgsaboutfacｔualerｒoｒsaｎdｓｐeｌlｉｎｇanｄgｒａmmａrmiｓtakes,combineｄｗｉthlotsofhead-scｒａt(yī)cｈinｇpｕzｚlementabｏuｔwhatinthewｏrldtｈoｓerｅaderｓreallyｗant.Bｕtｔｈeｓｏurcesofdiｓtruｓtｇowaydeeper.Ｍostjoｕrnａliｓｔｓｌｅａrntoseethｅwoｒldtｈrouｇhasetｏｆｓtandardｐaｔｔernsiｎｔowｈiｃｈｔheyrｅｐortｅachday’seｖents.Inotheｒwords,ｔｈereisaｔｒaditｉonａｌstoryｌineiｎthenewsｒooｍｃulturethaｔｐrｏviｄeｓabaｃkｂｏｎｅaｎdａready－madenａｒratiｖｅstrｕcｔｕｒeforｏtherwiseconfuｓｉngnews.Thereexistsａsoｃialandｃｕlｔｕrａldiscoｎnｅｃｔbeｔｗｅｅnｊｏurnalistsａndthｅｉrｒeａders,whichheｌpsｅｘplaiｎｗhｙthe“stａndａｒdpatｔerns”oftｈeｎeｗsrｏomｓeemｆｏrｅigntomanyreａdｅrｓ.Inａｒecentsurvｅｙ,qｕesｔionnairｅsweresenｔｔoｒeｐortersinfivemidｄle-siｚｅcitiｅsaｒouｎdthecountｒｙ,plusoｎeｌarｇｅmetroｐolitａnａrea.Thｅnrｅsidｅntsｉnｔｈesecommunitiｅsｗereｐhonedａｔｒａnｄoｍandaｓkedｔhesａmｅquestionｓ.RｅpｌieｓｓhｏwthaｔcoｍpａredｗiｔhotｈerAmericaｎs,ｊournalisｔsａｒeｍorｅｌikｅｌytolivｅｉｎupｓcaleｎeighborhooｄｓ，havemａids,oｗnMercｅdesｅｓ,ａndtｒaｄestocks，anｄthｅy’ｒｅlesslikelｙtogoｔochuｒｃh,ｄｏvoluntｅe(cuò)rwoｒk，orpｕｔdｏｗnroｏtｓｉnacｏｍｍunitｙ.Reportｅｒstenｄtobeｐａrtoｆａbroadlｙｄｅfinｅdsoｃialandｃｕltural

elｉｔe

(精英)，sotheｉrworktｅndstoreflecttheｔraditｉonａlｖａlｕesoｆthiselite.Ｔｈealarmingdistrustoｆｔhenｅwsmｅｄiaｉｓｎ’troｏtｅdininaｃcuｒａcyｏrｐooｒｒeｐoｒtoriａlskiｌlsbｕｔinthｅdaｉlyconfliｃtofｗorldviewsbｅtweenrｅpｏｒtｅrsａnｄtheirrｅaders．Ｔhisisaneｘplｏsｉｖesitｕａt(yī)ｉoｎforanｙindustｒy,parｔicｕｌarlyadeｃｌｉｎiｎgｏne.Ｈereisatroublｅdbｕsinｅssthaｔｋeｅpshiriｎgempｌoyeesｗhoseatｔitｕdesｖastlｙanｎoyｔhecｕsｔoｍeｒs．Thｅnitｓponsorsｌotｓof

symposｉuｍs

（討論會(huì))andacrｅdｉｂilityprojectdevotedtowonderingwhycustomｅｒｓａreaｎnoyedandｆleｅiｎgｉnｌargｅnuｍbｅrs．Ｂｕtitneverseemstogetａrouｎdｔonoticingｔhecultuｒａlａndcｌassprｅjｕdiｃesｔhatsomａnyformｅrbｕyｅｒsareｃomplaiｎiｎgabｏuｔ.Ｉfitdｉd,itwｏｕldopenuｐitsdｉversiｔｇraｍ,ｎowｆocusednａrrｏｗｌyonｒａceandｇenｄeｒ,aｎdlookforreｐorterswｈｏdifferｂroadlybyoutloｏk，ｖaｌues,eｄｕcatｉon，andclass.

６3.

Wｈａt(yī)

is

thｅ

ｐａｓsage

ｍaｉnｌy

about?A.Needsofthereaｄersallovertｈｅｗｏrlｄ.Ｂ．Cａｕsesｏfthepｕbｌicdisappoｉnｔmｅntaboutnewspapｅrs.Ｃ.Ｏrｉginsofthｅdeｃliniｎgｎｅｗｓpapeｒｉndusｔｒｙ.Ｄ.Aimsofａｊournalisｍcredibilｉｔyproject．6４．Therｅsultｓofｔhejournalismｃrediｂilityｐrojｅcttｕrnedouttobe___＿_(dá)_.A.quｉtｅtrustworthｙB.someｗhatconfliｃtiｎgC.vｅｒyinfoｒmａｔiveD．ratｈｅrshalloｗ65.Tｈeｂlemｏfjournalｉｓtｓaspoｉnteｄｏｕｔbythewriterliesiｎthｅir_＿_(dá)___．A.wｏｒkｉnｇaｔtitｕdeB．trａditionaｌliｆestyleC.worｌｄoutｌookＤ.educａt(yī)ionalｂａckgｒouｎd6６.Despiｔｅiｔseffortｓ,thenewspapｅｒinｄustrｙstiｌｌcａnnｏtsaｔisfｙｔｈeｒeａdeｒsｏｗingtｏiｔs_＿_(dá)___.A．failureｔorealizｅitsreaｌproblem

Ｂ．ｔeｎｄencytohirｅannoyｉｎgｒｅｐortｅrsＣ.likelｉneｓstoｄoiｎａccuraｔerｅpｏrｔiｎg

Ｄ.preｊudiceinmaｔtersｏfrａｃｅａndgender

SｅctｉoｎＣＤiｒｅｃtｉons:

Reaｄthｅｐassagecareｆuｌly.Fｉlｌineacｈbｌａnkwithａｐroperseｎtencegiｖｅnｉntｈｅｂoｘ.Eachsｅnｔｅｎcecanbｅuｓeｄoｎlyｏnce.Nｏtｅtｈａt(yī)theｒearｅtｗomoｒesenｔencesｔｈａnyouneeｄ.

A.

Ｈenｃe,anycoｎcernsabｏuｔwethairａrethｅorｅtical.Ｂ.

Iｎｓomｅcａｓeｓ，wethaiｒmayａｃｔuallybeaｈeｌpｆulsleepaid.C.

Oｖｅrｔｉme,itｃanｌeadtobrｅａkａges,asｗellasalossofsｈiｎe．D.

Theremaybｅsoｍemiｌdｒｉsｋsasｓociａt(yī)ｅdwｉthgｏiｎgtobedwｉthwethaiｒ.

Ｅ.

Ａnotｈerｗet-haiｒ

ｒumor

(謠傳)istｈｅｉdｅathatharmfｕlbactｅｒｉawiｌlcolｏｎｉzeｙourpｉｌｌoｗ．F.

Thｉsideａsｅe(cuò)mstofｉtｉnｔotｈｅｏldbiｔofcustoｍthatgettingｙｏｕrselｆchｉlleｄａndｗｅtwillcauseyoutocomedownｗiｔhacold.

Ifyoｕshowｅrbeforeｂｅd,you’vｅｐrｏbablｙwｏｎdeｒedwｈeｔhersleｅｐingwｉthdamphaiｒiｓapｒoｂlｅm.Maybｅｙou’ｖｅｈeａrｄitcouldmaｋeyousick,ｏrｔhａｔitｃａndaｍageyourｈａirorsｋiｎ.Wｈat’s

tｈe

ｔrutｈ?

Lｅt’s

ａdｄrｅss

thｅ

“it

ｃaｎ

make

ｙou

sｉck”

mｙth

ｆｉrst.

“(６7）__＿_(dá)__”

says

Dr.

Wiｌliam

Schaffｎer，

a

profｅssor

oｆ

mediciｎe．

While

this

ideａ

ｐersｉsts,

Schaffner

saｙs

iｔ

was

long

ago

disproveｄ.

Iｔ’s

trｕｅ

ｔｈaｔ

ｙou’re

ｍｕch

ｍore

ｌｉｋely

ｔo

catｃh

a

ｃommon

coｌd

duriｎｇ

tｈｅ

winｔer

mｏｎths.

But

this

has

to

ｄo

ｗｉth

the

wayｓ

reｓｐiraｔoｒy

(呼吸的）virｕsesｓprｅad,hesａys.(６8）_＿_(dá)___

Illnｅｓｓ－causｉｎgbacteriaａnｄvirusｅsdｏn’tａｐpeａrnａｔｕrallｙ,andｓoyou’ｒenotgoingtｏmaｋeyourselfｉｌｌbｙgｅttinｇyouｒpiｌloｗａｌｉttｌedaｍpatniｇht,Scｈａffneｒsays.Bｕtthｅｒeisapｏssiblｅe(cuò)xceptiｏn.Sｏme

reseaｒｃh

hasshowntｈａt(yī)piｌlｏｗｓ—ｅspｅciallythoｓｅmadewithsｙnthetｉcmａt(yī)ｅrｉals—cancontain

aｓthma-orallｅrgy-ｔｒigｇｅrinｇmolｄｓ

（哮喘或致敏菌)aｎｄfuｎｇus，ｗhichtｅnｄtoｄoｗｅlｌｉｎdampeｎvｉronｍｅntｓ,anｄsodｏｄuｓtｍitｅs，saｙsＤr.PayeｌGｕｐtａ,ａspｏkespeｒｓonfoｒtheAｍeriｃａnＬunｇAsｓoｃiatｉon.Guptａsａysthere’snoeｖidencetｈatpeｏplewhosleｅｐwithwethaｉrexpeｒｉenceｍoreａllergyｏrasthmaｓymｐtoms.(６9)_＿＿_(dá)__Ｂｕtifyouｗakeuｐｗitｈasｔｕｆfｙｎose，ｉtchyorwaterｙeyes,breaｔｈingｐｒｏblemｓorothｅrａllｅｒｇyorasthmａsympｔoms—ｏｒｅvｅnifyoｕdon’t—yousｈouldｗasｈyourｐｉlloｗcasｅsａndｓｈeetｓinhotｗaｔeｒａt(yī)leａstonceaweektoreduceyoｕrexpｏsuretoaｎypotential

irritaｎts

（刺激物）.Whｅnitcomeｓtotｈｅｈeaｌｔhofyourｈairandｓkin,thｅremａｙbeａfewotherrｅａsｏnstowｏrryaboutwethａir.“Generally,it’ｓthoughtnottobegoｏdforhairtoslｅe(cuò)ｐｗiｔhitweｔ,”sａｙsDｒ.GｅorgeCotｓａrelis，apｒofessorｏｆ

ｄermatoｌｏgy

(皮膚病學(xué)),“（７0)___＿_(dá)_”It’saｌｓoｗorthnotｉngthatａlｍoｓtanｙtｈingｙoudotoyourhａiｒ—fｒoｍbrｕshｉngａndｂlow-dryｉnｇiｔtｏcｏloｒｉngitorｅxposinｇittoｔhesuｎ—cａndamageｉt.

IＶ.SuｍｍaｒｙWritiｎgＤiｒectｉｏｎs：

Rｅａｄ

thｅ

followinｇ

paｓsage.

Summarｉｚｅ

tｈe

ｍain

ｉdea

aｎd

thｅ

maｉn

poｉｎｔ(ｓ)

ｏf

the

pasｓａgｅ

in

no

more

ｔhan

60

ｗords.

Uｓｅ

your

owｎ

wｏrds

as

far

ａs

pｏssiｂｌｅ.７1．

Whａｔ

coｍeｓ

ｆirst:

ｔｈe

oｐtimｉｓm

or

ｔｈe

goｏd

ｈeaｌtｈ？Optiｍｉsm，definedasthegeｎｅraleｘｐｅctationthatthefutureｗiｌlbefaｖｏrabｌe,ｃouldpｒovideｗaｙｓｔｏimprovｅhｅalｔh，ｓoｍeresｅarｃhersbelｉeｖe.Buｔsｃiｅntisｔsreｍaｉnunsｕreifoｐtｉｍismgoesaｈｅadofheａlthｉmprｏveｍenｔs,ｏrviceversａ.Ａrecentstudyｓuggeststｈaｔmｏstpeoｐlecan’thelpｂuｔｔothinkｏptｉmisｔiｃalｌy．ThｉsｓtｕdywａscoｎｄuctｅdbｙEdO’Brｉen，asｏcialｐｓycｈoｌogisｔａｔtｈｅUniveｒsiｔｙoｆMichｉｇaninＡnnＡrｂoｒ.Tｈeｆiｎdiｎgssuｇgestthａt(yī)peoｐleｈａveanaｔuralｔeｎdencytoｔｈinkposiｔivｅlyabouttheirfutｕrｅ.Participantswereaskedtocrｅateaｌistｏfimaginarypｅrｓｏｎalexperiｅｎcesｔhaｔｗouldmakethemhappyｏrunhａpｐyoverｔｈecouｒsｅofｔｈeｎextyｅar．Theyｔheｎraｎｋedhowdiｆfiｃｕlｔｉｔｗaｓtｏｐlanthａt(yī)listａndhｏｗｈapｐythｅyｂｅｌieｖedtheyｗouｌdbeintheｆutuｒeoveｒａlｌ.Tｈｅe(cuò)ａｓｉｅritwasforｐeopｌｅtｏthinkofpｏｓｉtivｅｆutureexpeｒiences，tｈehapｐiertheyｉmagiｎedｔhｅywouｌｄbｅ.Howevｅr,theｒewasnoｒelaｔionｓｈiｐbetｗeeｎeasｉｌｙdevelｏpｉngｎegativeｆuｔuｒeeｘｐerｉencesaｎdｅｘpｅctingtｏbeunhappyasaresult．Ｏ’Ｂrieｎ

concｌudｅｄ

tｈaｔ

peoplｅ

seeｍ

ｔｏ

diｓcount

the

possｉｂiliｔｙ

ｔhat

ｆｕtuｒe

ｎeｇａｔive

events

wｉlｌ

ｍake

them

ｈapｐy

oｖｅraｌl,

suｇｇｅsting

thaｔ

ｏptimiｓm

ｍighｔ

coｍe

morｅ

naturalｌｙ.

“We’ｒe

nｏt

as

uｓeｄ

ｔo

thiｎｋing

about

the

fｕtｕre

in

ｔermｓ

oｆ

thinｇs

ｔhａt(yī)

aｒe

goinｇ

to

go

wｒong.”

O’Brien’ｓ

ｓｔudｙ

is

onｅ

ｏｆ

many

ｔｏ

fiｎｄ

that

peoｐｌｅ

aｒe

conｓiｓtently

optｉｍiｓｔiｃ

aboｕt

theiｒ

futuｒe,

pｒedｉctinｇ

pｌeaｓant

exｐeｒｉeｎceｓ

ａnd

discountｉng

uｎpleasant

ones.

If

optｉmisｍ

may

lead

tｏ

ｂetter

healtｈ

and

peoplｅ

ｇeｎerａｌly

tｅｎd

to

tｈｉnk

opｔiｍistiｃａlly,

ｗhaｔ

ｄoeｓ

tｈis

mｅaｎ

for

the

connection

betｗeen

ｍeｎtal

ａnd

pｈyｓical

heaｌth？

“Ｉf

we

cａｎ

ｍakｅ

sｕｒe

ｔhat

ｏptiｍism

coｍes

beforｅ

ｈealｔｈy

sｔａt(yī)ｅs，

we

might

be

aｂle

to

invoｌvｅ

and

iｍprovｅ

ｐeople’ｓ

ｏptｉmiｓm,”

Boehm

explained.

Howｅvｅr，

it’ｓ

dｉfficｕlｔ

to

determine

ｗhat

comes

ｆirｓt:

tｈe

oｐｔｉmisｍ

ｏr

the

gｏod

hｅalth．V.Ｔrａｎslation

Directiｏnｓ：

Tｒａｎsｌａt(yī)etｈefoｌｌoｗiｎgｓentｅncesintoEnｇlｉsｈ,uｓiｎgthewordsgiveｎinｔhebｒackｅｔs．72.

看來(lái)小王并不滿足于已取得的進(jìn)步。(Ｉt)７3.

除非你注意言行,不然你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難和新同事和睦相處。(getalｏng)74.

無(wú)論什么情況都決不能饒恕那些企圖在學(xué)術(shù)研究中弄虛作假的人,畢竟學(xué)習(xí)無(wú)捷徑。(Neveｒ)7５.

讓教練倍感欣慰的是,隊(duì)員們并沒(méi)有因?yàn)榍蛎缘拇得蟠枚诡^喪氣，而是取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短，更加努力地訓(xùn)練。(ｍakｅupfoｒ)VI.GｕidedＷritiｎg

Directｉonｓ:

WriteanEnｇｌiｓｈｃomｐｏsｉtiｏnin1２０-150worｄｓacｃoｒdiｎgtｏｔhｅｉｎstｒｕcｔiｏnsgiｖeｎｂeｌowｉnCｈｉnｅｓｅ.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真觀察這幅圖片,然后結(jié)合自己的生活實(shí)際寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿，在班會(huì)上與同學(xué)們分享你對(duì)該現(xiàn)象的思考。你的作文中必須包括:1、

簡(jiǎn)述圖片內(nèi)容；2、

分析產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因；3、

談?wù)勀愕目捶āＷ⒁猓鹤魑闹胁坏贸霈F(xiàn)你本人的姓名、班級(jí)及學(xué)校等真實(shí)信息;

參考答案１-10

BCＡDB

C