2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit1ThewrittenworldSectionⅦGuidedWriting學(xué)案含解析牛津譯林版選修8VIP

Unit1Thewrittenworld如何寫文學(xué)評(píng)論eq\a\vs4\al([文體指導(dǎo)])文學(xué)評(píng)論是一種以作家、作品、文學(xué)創(chuàng)作和文學(xué)思潮作為評(píng)論對(duì)象的文體。文學(xué)評(píng)論的作者旨在表達(dá)自己對(duì)文學(xué)作品的理解和相識(shí)，啟發(fā)和幫助讀者提高閱讀水平，對(duì)作品的作者提出正確而有益的建議。寫文學(xué)評(píng)論可分為以下幾步：1．介紹所要評(píng)論的文學(xué)作品(標(biāo)題、作者和類型)；2．簡(jiǎn)述作品情節(jié)；3．探討作品的主題和意義；4．介紹讀者對(duì)作品的評(píng)析。要想寫好文學(xué)評(píng)論，首先，我們要細(xì)致地品讀文學(xué)作品，精確把握評(píng)論對(duì)象；其次，寫文學(xué)評(píng)論的過(guò)程中，我們要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1．評(píng)價(jià)要明確。2．結(jié)構(gòu)要清楚。對(duì)作品的評(píng)價(jià)常常是一起先就明確提出，下文加以證明，形成總分結(jié)構(gòu)。3．評(píng)論語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)潔、形象、生動(dòng)。4．文學(xué)評(píng)論常常運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但是有時(shí)也可依據(jù)須要運(yùn)用其他時(shí)態(tài)。5．文學(xué)評(píng)論通常采納夾敘夾議、評(píng)析結(jié)合的寫法。eq\a\vs4\al([亮點(diǎn)句式])1．...isanovelby...writer...2．Thenovelistoldintheformof...3．Thebookwrittenby...isabout...4．...writtenby...isoneofthemostpopularandhighlyregarded...in...5．Thebooktellsusastoryof...6．Fromthestory，wecanlearn...7．Iamgreatlyimpressedby...8．Ithink/Inmyopinion...eq\a\vs4\al([寫作任務(wù)])依據(jù)表格中供應(yīng)的信息，寫一篇關(guān)于“Thehome-madeball”的文學(xué)評(píng)論。作者JerryJohnson背景現(xiàn)代美國(guó)人物描述·主要人物Kevin和好友Mike每天踢自制足球·Kevin得到新的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋和足球后，友情突變主題探討·重要主題：友情·新舊象征：舊的東西象征友情，如：舊自制足球，舊長(zhǎng)椅；新的東西象征挑戰(zhàn)，如：新運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，新足球個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)(兩點(diǎn)或以上)……eq\a\vs4\al([審題謀篇])體裁文學(xué)評(píng)論時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主主題Thehome-madeball人稱以第三人稱為主結(jié)構(gòu)第一段：介紹作者、文章的標(biāo)題和寫作背景其次段：介紹故事梗概及主要人物第三段：寫故事的重要主題，探討故事中的象征意義第四段：發(fā)表自身的感受及等級(jí)評(píng)論eq\a\vs4\al([遣詞造句])Ⅰ.對(duì)接單元詞匯1．modern-dayadj. 現(xiàn)代的；當(dāng)代的2．themen. 主題3．a(chǎn)uthorn. 作者4．brand_new_sneakers 全新運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋5．main_character 主要人物6．be_set_in 以……為背景7．be_worth_doing_sth. 值得做某事Ⅱ.巧用單元句式、語(yǔ)法(一)完成句子1．故事發(fā)生在現(xiàn)代美國(guó)。Thestoryis_set_in_modern-day_America.2．主要人物是一個(gè)叫凱文的男孩。The_main_characterisaboycalledKevin.3．當(dāng)凱文得到嶄新的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋和一個(gè)新的足球時(shí)，一切都變更了。When_Kevin_gets_brand_new_sneakersandanewsoccerball，thingsarechanged.4．友情是這部短篇小說(shuō)的一個(gè)重要主題。Friendshipisan_important_themeinthisshortstory.5．作者JerryJohnson用新舊事物作為象征，比如舊的自制足球和新足球，舊的凳子和新運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。The_author，JerryJohnson，uses_the_old_and_new_things，liketheoldhome-madeballandthenewsoccerball，theoldbenchandthenewsneakersas_symbols.6．也就是說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么比友情更重要。Thatis，nothing_is_more_important_thanfriendship.(二)句式升級(jí)7．凱文和邁克是好摯友，他們每天都踢他們自制的足球。當(dāng)凱文得到嶄新的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋和一個(gè)新的足球時(shí)，一切都變更了。(用who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句和連詞and升級(jí))KevinandMikearegoodfriends.Theyplaysoccerwiththeirhome-madeballeveryday.WhenKevingetsbrandnewsneakersandanewsoccerball，thingsarechanged.→KevinandMikearegoodfriendswhoplaysoccerwiththeirhome-madeballeveryday，butwhenKevingetsbrandnewsneakersandanewsoccerball，thingsarechanged.8．舊的東西象征著最珍貴的東西——友情，它須要被重視。(用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí))Theoldthingssymbolizethemostvaluablething—friendshipanditneedstobevalued.→The_old_things_symbolize_the_most_valuable_thing—friendship，which_needs_to_be_valued.9．在我看來(lái)，這個(gè)故事真的很好，值得一讀，對(duì)我們很有教化意義。(用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí))Frommypointofview，thisstoryisreallygoodandworthreading.Itiseducationaltous.Frommypointofview，thisstoryisreallygoodandworthreading，whichiseducationaltous.eq\a\vs4\al([妙筆成篇])__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】“Thehome-madeball”isashortstorywrittenbyJerryJohnson.Thestoryissetinmodern-dayAmerica.ThemaincharacterisaboycalledKevin.KevinandMikearegoodfriendswhoplaysoccerwiththeirhome-madeballeveryday，butwhenKevingetsbrandnewsneakersandanewsoccerball，thingsarechanged.Friendshipisanimportantthemeinthisshortstory.Theauthor，JerryJohnson，usestheoldandnewthings，liketheoldhome-madeballandthenewsoccerball，theoldbenchandthenewsneakersassymbols.Theoldthingssymbolizethemostvaluablething—friendship，whichneedstobevalued.Thenewthingssymbolizethechallengesthatthemostvaluablethingmeets.Frommypointofview，thisstoryisreallygoodandworthreading，whichiseducationaltous.Thatis，nothingismoreimportantthanfriendship.SoIgiveitafive-starrating.【導(dǎo)讀】愛(ài)情未必總是華蜜的歷程，相愛(ài)的人也未必總是彼此善待。我們都熟知許多戀人因外來(lái)壓力不能相聚的故事。在《咆哮山莊》中，使戀人隔開(kāi)的主要緣由來(lái)自他們自身。讓我們讀下面的節(jié)選來(lái)了解他們的感情糾葛吧?！竟?jié)選】Mr.LockwoodvisitsWutheringHeights1801Ihavejustreturnedfromavisittomylandlord，Mr.Heathcliff.IamdelightedwiththehouseIamrentingfromhim.ThrushcrossGrangeismilesawayfromanytownorvillage.Thatsuitsmeperfectly.AndthesceneryhereinYorkshireissobeautiful!Mr.Heathcliff，infact，ismyonlyneighbour，andIthinkhischaracterissimilartomine.Hedoesnotlikepeopleeither.‘MynameisLockwood，’Isaid，whenImethimatthegatetohishouse.‘I'mrentingThrushcrossGrangefromyou.Ijustwantedtocomeandintroducemyself.’Hesaidnothing，butfrowned，anddidnotencouragemetoenter.Afterawhile，however，hedecidedtoinvitemein.‘Joseph，takeMr.Lockwood'shorse！’hecalled.‘Andbringupsomewinefromthecellar！’Josephwasaveryoldservant，withasourexpressiononhisface.Helookedcrosslyupatmeashetookmyhorse.‘Godhelpus！Avisitor！’hemutteredtohimself.Perhapstherewerenootherservants，Ithought.AnditseemedthatMr.Heathcliffhardlyeverreceivedguests.HishouseiscalledWutheringHeights.Thenamemeans‘a(chǎn)windswepthouseonahill’，anditisaverygooddescription.Thetreesaroundthehousedonotgrowstraight，butarebentbythenorthwind，whichblowsovertheMr.HeathcliffandIenteredthehugemainroom.ItcouldhavebeenanyYorkshirefarmhousekitchen，exceptthattherewasnosignofcooking，andnofarmersittingatthetable.Mr.Heathcliffcertainlydoesnotlooklikeafarmer.Hishairandskinaredark，likeaGipsy's，buthehasthemannersofagentleman.Hecouldperhapstakemorecarewithhisappearance，butheishandsome.Ithinkheisproud，andalsounhappy.Wesatdownbythefire，insilence.‘Joseph！’shoutedMr.Heathcliff.Noanswercamefromthecellar，sohediveddownthere，leavingmealonewithseveralratherfierce-lookingdogs.Suddenlyoneofthemjumpedangrilyupatme，andinamomentalltheotherswereattackingme.Fromeveryshadowycornerinthegreatroomappearedagrowlinganimal，readytokillme，itseemed.‘Help！Mr.Heathcliff！Help！’Ishouted，tryingtokeepthedogsback.Mylandlordandhisservantwereinnohurrytohelp，andcouldnothaveclimbedthecellarstepsmoreslowly，butluckilyawoman，whoIsupposedwasthehousekeeper，rushedintotheroomtocalmthedogs.‘Whatthedevilisthematter？’Mr.Heathcliffaskedmerudely，whenhefinallyenteredtheroom.‘Yourdogs，sir！’Ireplied.‘Youshouldn'tleaveastrangerwiththem.They'redangerous.’‘Come，come，Mr.Lockwood.Havesomewine.Wedon'toftenhavestrangershere，andI'mafraidneitherInormydogsareusedtoreceivingthem.’Icouldnotfeeloffendedafterthis，andacceptedthewine.Wesatdrinkingandtalkingtogetherforawhile.Isuggestedvisitinghimtomorrow.Hedidnotseemeagertoseemeagain，butIshallgoanyway.Iaminterestedinhim，evenifheisn'tinterestedinme.,洛克伍德先生造訪咆哮山莊1801年，我剛剛探望我的房東希斯克利夫先生回來(lái)。我喜愛(ài)從他那兒租來(lái)的那座房子。畫眉山莊無(wú)論離哪個(gè)村鎮(zhèn)都有數(shù)英里之遙，正合我的心愿。約克郡這兒的風(fēng)景太美了！希斯克利夫先生事實(shí)上是我唯一的鄰居，我覺(jué)得他的性情與我相仿。他也不喜愛(ài)人群。在通向他房子的院門前我見(jiàn)到了他?！拔倚章蹇宋榈?，”我說(shuō)道，“我租用著您的畫眉山莊。我是來(lái)同您打個(gè)招呼的?！彼麤](méi)說(shuō)話，卻皺了一下眉頭，不太情愿讓我進(jìn)去。但待了一會(huì)兒又確定請(qǐng)我進(jìn)屋?！凹s瑟夫，牽走洛克伍德先生的馬！”他喊道，“到地窖里拿些酒上來(lái)！”約瑟夫是個(gè)很老的仆人，臉上表情乖戾。牽馬時(shí)氣鼓鼓地看了我一眼?！吧系郾Ｓ?！來(lái)了客人！”他自言自語(yǔ)地嘟囔著。我想可能再?zèng)]有別的仆人了?？磥?lái)希斯克利夫先生幾乎從不接待客人。他的房子叫咆哮山莊。意思是“狂風(fēng)肆虐的山丘上的房子”，名字起得恰如其分。房子四周的樹(shù)不是直著長(zhǎng)，而是被長(zhǎng)年累月里從荒原過(guò)來(lái)的北風(fēng)吹彎了。好在房子造得牢固，即使是冬天最烈的風(fēng)暴也毀不了。房子正門的一塊石頭上刻著“歐