2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題1第2部分第1講名詞專題訓(xùn)練含解析

PAGE名詞專題訓(xùn)練對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P013Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thistrend，whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(醫(yī)學(xué)界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease，hashadsomeunintendedside________(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.解析依據(jù)空格前的修飾語(yǔ)定答案。分析語(yǔ)境可知，作者表達(dá)的意思是“一些意料之外的副作用”，依據(jù)前文的some可知副作用有許多，故填effects。答案effects2．Butwithoutsunlightandgoodsoil，soontheleavesbegantofalldownandthe________(branch)begantodry.解析由空前的the可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，且依據(jù)常識(shí)可知，樹(shù)上不止一根樹(shù)枝，而branch是可數(shù)名詞，故填branches。答案branches3．“Alaya，youdon'thavetodothisifyoudon'twantto.Nobodyisforcingyou.”ThoughIsaidIwasn'tgoingtodoit，my________(foot)carriedmetowardthepool.解析foot是可數(shù)名詞，且其前沒(méi)有冠詞修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案feet4．Thelittleboyatesomany________(potato)andsomuchmeatthathethrewupatdawn.解析potato前有many修飾，故用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案potatoes5．Thebloodonhisshoesandthefingerprintonthescenewere________(proof)ofhisguilt.解析句意為：他鞋上的血跡和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的指紋是他犯罪的證據(jù)。依據(jù)句意，再結(jié)合空格前的系動(dòng)詞were，依據(jù)主謂一樣原則，確定用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案proofs6．DeLomesupervisedtheprojectfromthe________(begin)totheend.Hesaysthespecializedrequirementsofrobotweredemanding.解析句意為：德洛姆從頭至尾監(jiān)督了這項(xiàng)工程。設(shè)空前為定冠詞the，因此應(yīng)用名詞，依據(jù)句意應(yīng)填beginning。fromthebeginningtotheend意為“從起先到結(jié)束”。答案beginning7．“Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethe________(possible)ofcausingharmtotheheritage，”Wangsaid.解析前有定冠詞the修飾，所以用名詞形式。答案possibility8．Thebookgivesadetailed________(explain)oftheorigin,theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.解析依據(jù)空格前的不定冠詞a以及形容詞detailed可知，空格處被不定冠詞和形容詞修飾，故用explain的名詞形式。答案explanation9．BuckinghamPalaceisagreattourist________(attract)，drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.解析句意為：白金漢宮是一個(gè)聞名的旅游景點(diǎn)，每年都吸引上百萬(wàn)游客前去參觀。touristattraction“旅游景點(diǎn)”，是固定短語(yǔ)。答案attraction10．Therearemanystudentslivingatschool;the________(child)housesareallfarfromschool.解析由students可以推斷出橫線處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)，且作houses的定語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用其全部格形式，故答案為children's。答案children'sⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Momhasafull-timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.________________解析housework為不行數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將houseworks改為housework。答案houseworks→housework2．WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren，myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslater.________________解析依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示當(dāng)“我”還是一個(gè)特別小的孩子時(shí)。由主語(yǔ)I及冠詞a都能看出，表語(yǔ)的中心詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)名詞child。aregularpractice“常常性的練習(xí)”。答案children→child3．Althoughthebedwasbrokenintopiece，themanwassurprisinglyunhurt.________________解析固定搭配breaksth.intopieces意為“把某物打破成碎片”，故用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案piece→pieces4．Ilikedtheairstherebecauseitwasfreshandclean.________________解析air在此處表示“空氣”，是不行數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案airs→air5．Consideringmycase，myteacherofferedmeseveraldetailedapproachandadvisedmetosetashort-termgoaltoimprovemymath.________________解析approach作“方法”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞；由前面的several可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案approach→approaches6．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.________________解析dozensof后面應(yīng)用chicken的復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案chicken→chickens7．Recently，afamousbasketballplayerhascausedpublicangrybywritingontheGreatWall.________________解析形容詞public修飾名詞，故其后應(yīng)用名詞形式。答案angry→anger8．However，asforWilliamandKate，thedecidetodressGeorgeinshortsismorelikelydowntothetraditionthanaclassissue.________________解析前有定冠詞the修飾，應(yīng)用名詞形式。答案decide→decision9．Hehasfinishedadaywork.________________解析此處作定語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短，應(yīng)用名詞的全部格。答案day→day's10．Hesenthisdaughtertoagirl'shighschool.________________解析“女子中學(xué)”是agirls'highschool。答案girl's→girls'Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空AyoungmaninWuhan，HubeiProvincehasbecomethelatestInternetsensationafteravideoshowinghisheart-warmingactonasubwaytrainwentviralonsocial1.________(medium)recently.Inthevideo，themancanbeseenholdinghismobilephoneinhishandafterfallingasleeponaMetro，withamessageinlargefont(大字體)onthescreenwhichreads，“Pleasewakemeifyouneedmyseat.”ThevideowasrecordedbyafellowpassengerwhoposteditonWeibo.Thevideo,whose2.________(long)wasjustsevenseconds，hasbeenviewedmorethan19million3.________(time)injusttwodays.Chinesenetizensweregreatlytouchedbytheyoung4.________(man)actandgreetedhimwithastormof5.________(applaud)forhiskind6.________(behave).Aweb7.________(use)evencommented，“Ionlyneededseven8.________(second)tofallin9.________withthisyoungman.”Thehumblemanrefusedaninterview10.________(invite)afterbecominganInternetstarandsaidthathejustdidwhathefeltheshould.InaWeibopost,hethankednetizensfortheirloveandpraise.Hesaidhewouldalwaysfallasleepwhenhehadnothingtodoonthetrainbutworriedothersmayneedtheseat，sohegottheideaofmakingamessageonhisphonescreen.1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹了一段感人的視頻。武漢的一位年輕男子在坐地鐵的時(shí)候，在睡著后，手里拿個(gè)手機(jī)，手機(jī)屏幕上寫(xiě)著：假如你須要座位叫醒我。視頻在社交媒體上快速走紅。1．media考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。泛指各種媒體，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2．length考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。前有作定語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞whose修飾，表示video的長(zhǎng)度，用名詞形式。3．times考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。time在這里為可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)”。前有19million修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4．man's考查名詞的全部格。作定語(yǔ)修飾act，用全部格。句意：中國(guó)的網(wǎng)民被這位小伙子的行為深深地打動(dòng)，并對(duì)他的這個(gè)善舉報(bào)以熱情的掌聲。5．a(chǎn)pplause考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭袼钤~和前面的of一起構(gòu)成of全部格形式，修飾前面的名詞storm作定語(yǔ)。所以用名詞形式。6．behavio(u)r考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。前有“hiskind(他和善的)”作定語(yǔ)修飾，指他和善的行為，故填名詞形式。7．user考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空作主語(yǔ)，意為“用戶”。句意為：一位微博用戶甚至評(píng)論道：我只要七秒就愛(ài)上了這個(gè)年輕人。8．seconds考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。second在此用作名詞，意為“秒”，是可數(shù)名詞，前有數(shù)詞seven修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。9．love考查固定搭配。fallinlovewith為固定搭配，意為“喜愛(ài)上；愛(ài)上”。10．invitation考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里指的是采訪邀請(qǐng)，用名詞形式，前有an修飾，用單數(shù)形式。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)Nowadaysmanypeoplepayavisitbeautifulmountainsandrivers.Theyenjoythemselvesduringtheirholiday.Andsomeplacesofinteresthasbeenpolluted.IsawsomebadphenomenawhileIwastravellingthisyear.Manybeautifulspotswerecoveredwithrubbishleavebytourists,ofwhosomewerewelldressed.Sometouristswhodroveexpensivecarsthrowwasteoutofhiscars.Thesephenomenaburdencleaners.Evenchildknowweshouldprotecttheenvironment.Unfortunate,someadultsdon'tknowit.Eachofusshouldlovethenatureandprotecttheenvironmentinwhichwelive.答案與解析Nowadaysmanypeoplepayavisiteq\o(∧,\s\do14(①to))beautifulmountainsandrivers.Theyenjoythemselvesduringtheirholiday.eq\o(And,\s\do14(②But))someplacesofinteresteq\o(has,\s\do14(③have))beenpolluted.IsawsomebadphenomenawhileIwastravellingthisyear.Manybeautifulspotswerecoveredwithrubbisheq\o(leave,\s\do14(④left))bytourists,ofeq\o(who,\s\do14(⑤whom))somewerewelldressed.Sometouristswhodroveexpensivecarseq\o(throw,\s\do14(⑥threw))wasteoutofeq\o(his,\s\do14(⑦their))cars.Thesephenomenaburdencleaners.Eveneq\o(child,\s\do14(⑧children))