大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試試題真題

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試試題真題

SectionC

We'renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomy

basedoninformationandknowledge.Physical(36)___,rawmaterials,

andcapitalarenolongerthekey(37)inthecreationofwealth.Now,

the(38)rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow's

wealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.

And(39)___enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheir

muscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirability

tolearn.Knowledgeworkers(40)inmindwork.Theydealwith

symbols:words,(41)anddata.

Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?Asafutureknowledgeworker;you

canexpecttobe(42),processing,aswellasexchanginginformation.

(43),threeoutoffourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,and

thatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementand

employeesalike(44).

Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstant

training(45).Youcanalsoexpecttobetakinggreatercontrolof

yourcareer.Gonearethenine-fivejobs,lifetimesecurity,predictable

promotions,andeventheconventionalworkplace,asyouarefamiliar

with.(46),anddon,twaitforsomeoneto“empower"you.You

havetoempoweryourself.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwould

requirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroada

coupleoftimes,butIcouldhardly-47-toknowmywayaroundthe

continent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswas-48-toa

littlecollegeFrench.

Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,-49-

unfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystems,setup-50-

anddoresearch?Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderable-51-1sat

downtowritealetterbeggingoff.Halfwaythrough,athoughtran

throughmymind:youcan'tlearnifyoudon,ttry.SoIacceptedthe

assignment.

Thereweresomebad-52-.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripI

wasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince.Ihaveneverhesitatedto

headforeventhemostremoteofplaces.Withoutguidesoreven-53-

bookings.ConfidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.

Thepointisthatthenew,thedifferent,isalmostbydefinition

54-.buteachtimeyoutrysomething.Youlearn.Andasthelearning

pliesup.Theworldopenstoyou.

rvelearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineriverina-55-.

AndIknowTIIgotodoingsuchthings.It,snotbecausePmbraveror

moredaringthanothers.\fmnot.ButI,IIacceptanxietyasanother

nameforchallengeandIbelieveIcan-56-wonders.

A.complishI.manufacture

B.advancedJ.moments

C.balloonK.news

D.claimL.reduced

E.constantlyM.regret

F.declareN.scary

G.interviews0.totally

H.limited

PassageOne

Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisof

the21stcentury,but-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdo

muchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,make

somefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.Butthemore

dramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelythey

aretobeobserved.

AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"asifmerely

recognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthis

thatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and-without

majortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.

From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrow

from6.4b川onto9.1billion,a42%increase,ifenergyuseperperson

andtechnologyremaintesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegas

emissions(mainlyzCO2)willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolow,

becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconmic

growthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresent

Povertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodest

growth,energyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethendoubleby

2050.

Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowth

andpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)that

mightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey're

"doingsomething"ConsidertheKyotoProtoco(京都議定書(shū)).ltallowed

countriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treduced

CO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(簽字國(guó))

didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.

Thepracticalcodusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotential

disaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearch

anddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependence

onfossilfuelsordealingwithit.

Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomea

moralproblewhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruth

isthatifwedon'tsolvetheengineeringproblem,we'rehelpless.

57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?

A)Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.

B)Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.

C)Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.

D)Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.

58.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisAlGore'sview

onglobalwarming?

A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.

B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.

C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.

D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.

59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof

A)economicgrowth

B)wastefuluseofenergy

C)thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoor

D)therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology

6O.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyoto

Protocol,.

A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation

B)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergy

use

C)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobal

warming

D)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolving

envoronmentalproblems

61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?

A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.

B)Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.

C)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnological

breakthroughs.

D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobal

warming.

PassageTwo

Question62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Somedayasirangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermission

orscantheWebsiteyou'vevisited,Orperhapssomeonewillcasually

glancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindout

yourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.

Infact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.

Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission?Itmightbeaspouse,a

girlfriend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeverit

is,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen-the21st

centuryequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.

Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportantto

revealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriate

times.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs（碎屑）you

leaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,

whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearch

canrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworld

whereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.

Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?

FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no."

WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyare

concernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimism

aboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheir

privacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme."

Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.Onlyatinyfractionof

Americanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.

Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths(收費(fèi)站)toavoidusing

theEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturn

downsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcauisti

hasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonal

informationlikeSocailSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsona

pitiful50-cents-offcoupon(優(yōu)惠卷)。

Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.It'slikehealth:When

youhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'd

donemoretoprotectit.

62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcentury

equivalentofbeingcaughtnaked"(Lines3-4,Para.2)?

A)People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheir

knowledge.

B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'

secrets.

C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformation

age.

D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvanced

technology.

63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetween

friends?

A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

D)Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.

64.Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimply

cannotkeepasecret"(Line5,para.3)

A)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.

B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.

D)Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople'sidentities.

65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?

A)Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

B)Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.

C)Theyrelymostandmoreonelectronicdevices.

D)Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.

66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat.

A)peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit.

B)itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

C)isissomethingthatcaneasilybelost

D)peopledon'tcherishituntiltheyloseit

PartVCloze(15minutes)

Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsat

advancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed-67-extending

man'sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthese

functions-68-fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthe

peoplein-69-andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.Thesmallerand

neweruniversitiesdono-70-thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe-71-

researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.-72-mostexpertsagree

thatsomeresearchactivityis-73-tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin

-74-withthelastestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.

Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto-75-theknowledge

neededfortheirchosen-76-.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshould

notbethe-77-one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenand

women-78-judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge.Forthisreason,

they-79-studentstomeetotherswithdiffering-80-andtoreadwidely

to-81-theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.-82-asecondary

schoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughinasubjectto

enjoygainingknowledgeforitsown-83-.Heshouldbepreparedto-84-

sacrificestostudyhischosen-85-indepth.Heshouldhaveanambition

tomakesome-86-contributiontoman'sknowledge.

67.A)atB)byC)toD)in

68.A)turnsB)rangesC)movesD)varies

69.A)prospectB)placeC)controlD)favor

70.A)occupyB)possessC)involveD)spare

71.A)maximumB)mediumC)virtualD)vast

72.A)ButB)AsC)WhileD)For

73.A)naturalB)essentialC)functionalD)optional

74.A)coordinationB)accordanceC)touchD)grasp

75.A)acquireB)acceptC)endureD)ensure

76.A)processionB)professionC)possessionD)preference

77.A)typicalB)trueC)mereD)only

78.A)withB)underC)onD)through

79.A)promptB)provokeC)encourageD)anticipate

80.A)historiesB)expression_r_rsC)interestsD)curiosities

81.A)broadenB)lengthenC)enforceD)specify

82.A)AmidB)OverC)AfterD)Upon

83.A)objectB)effectC)courseD)sake

84.A)takeB)sufferC)makeD)pay

85.A)fieldB)targetC)scopeD)goal

86.A)radicalB)meaningfulC)truthfulD)initial

PartVITranslation(5minutes)

87.Oureffortswillpayoffiftheresultsoftheresearch.(能

應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā))

88.1can'tbootmycomputernow.Something(一定出

了毛病)withitsoperatingsystem.

89.Leavingone'sjob,（無(wú)論是什么工作），isa

difficultchange,evenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.

90.（與我成長(zhǎng)的地方相比），thistownismore

prospe