初中英語九年級《Unit 6 When was it invented？》被動語態(tài)的特殊情況及詞匯探究 課件

帶著目標努力，帶著夢想飛翔學習目標SectionA語言學習課1.通過合作探究掌握被動語態(tài)的特殊用法。2.通過合作探究掌握so/such，sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes,takeplace/happen,及Itissaid/believed

that…

等單詞、短語、句型的運用。3.培養(yǎng)與他人合作探究分析問題解決問題

的能力。要求：1.積極參與，熱烈討論，大聲表達自己的思想。

2.組長控制好討論節(jié)奏，先一對一分層討論，不會的或有疑問的在小組內(nèi)集中討論；小組仍然解決不了的做好記錄提交給老師，以備集中解決。3.組長宏觀調(diào)控，導學案上每一個問題組內(nèi)都要形成統(tǒng)一的意見。智慧碰撞內(nèi)容：探究點一、二

、三。注意：討論完成的組改正答案，鞏固落實。（5分鐘）一、下列情況要用被動句：1.執(zhí)行者不明時eg:Tom’smotherwassaved.2.沒必要說出執(zhí)行者eg:Thebridgewasbuiltin1985.3.強調(diào)動作的承受者

eg:Englishiswidelyusedasasecondlanguageallovertheworld.ThecupwasbrokenbyTom’sbrother.4.習慣用語，表示客觀的說明,常見于下列句型：

It’ssaidthat…據(jù)說It’sbelievedthat…大家相信

Itisknownthat…眾所周知Itisunknownthat…鮮為人知

It’ssuggestedthat…有人建議It’sreportedthat…據(jù)報道Itissupposedthat…據(jù)猜測被動語態(tài)(二)二、下列情況不用被動句：系動詞無被動(look,feel,smell,sound，taste,get,turn,

become)2.不及物動詞無被動。（happen,takeplace,appear）3.賓語是反身代詞時無被動。eg.Hetaughthimselfmathswhenhewasyoung.4.賓語是動詞不定式或動名詞時無被動。eg.ThechildenjoyswatchingTV.5.表某物的性能特點時,用主動表被動。這種情況的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般是：Sth+v.+ad.eg.Thebookssellwell.這些書很暢銷。Thecardrivesfast.這輛車開得快。Theglassbreakseasily.這種玻璃易碎。Thispenwriteswell.這支鋼筆好寫。6.特殊短語主動表被動：beworthdoing(值得做)，

need/wantdoing(需要被做)eg.Thebookisworth___________.這本書值得一讀。

Theflowersneed___________.這些花需要澆水。readingwatering三、被動語態(tài)的特殊情況1.含雙賓語的主動句變被動有兩種情況：(雙賓：即直接賓語“物”和間接賓語“人”)⑴把指人的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，指物的直接賓語保留不動（常用這種）

Shegaveme

adictionary.→_______________

adictionarybyher.(賓語me變?yōu)橹髡Z成_____格)⑵把指物的直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,那么動詞后要加上相應的介詞to/for,再跟指人的間接賓語。例如：

Shegavemeadictionary.→Adictionary___________________byher.Motherboughtusabigpresent.→Abigpresent____________________bymother.I主wasgivenwasgiventomewasboughtforus其方法簡而言之：含雙賓的主動句變被動，sb.提前，sth.不變；sth.提前，sb.前加to或for.常見的接雙賓語的動詞有:give,pass,show,bring,lend,send,teach,offer,tell等與介詞to搭配，意為：給；buy,get,pay,cook,make,draw等與介詞for搭配，意為：為。2.主動結(jié)構(gòu)中含有復合賓語(賓語+賓補)時,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)有兩種情況需特別注意。⑴主語+謂語+賓語+n./adj./todo/doing，變?yōu)楸毁e補動語態(tài)時，把賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,賓補保持不變。例如：①Wekeepfoodcoldinthefridge.→

Food_______________inthefridge.

iskeptcold②HismotherfoundTomaverygoodboy.→Tomwasfoundaverygoodboy

byhismother.③MissYanoftenasksthestudentstoanswerthequestionsinEnglish.→ThestudentsareoftenaskedtoanswerthequestionsinEnglishbyMissYan.④Tom’sfathersawTomsittingonsomeeggs.

→Tomwasseensittingonsomeeggsbyhisfather.（類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有beheard/seen/watched/noticeddoingsth）⑵感官動詞（hear,see,watch,find,notice,listento,lookat,）和使役動詞（let,have,make,但let和have一般不用被動）后一般接動詞原形作賓補（如：hear/see/makesbdo），變成被動時要在動詞原形前加to.(如：beheard/seen/madetodo)例如①Johnmadetheworkerswork24hours.→Theworkers________________24hoursbyJohn.②Someonesaw

him

enteryourroom.→____________________yourroom.weremadetoworkHe

wasseentoenter賓格變主格3.除了單一的及物動詞可用于被動語態(tài)外,一些相當于及物動詞的動詞短語也可用于被動語態(tài),但整個動詞短語要看成一個整體,不能分開.

例如：①Someoneturnedoffthelight.→Thelight_______________(bysomeone).②Wecantakegoodcareofyourbabyhere.→Yourbaby_________________________here.③Wecan’tlaughathim.→_____________________________.wasturnedoffcanbetakengoodcareofHecan’tbelaughedat4.如果主動句的賓語過長，如賓語從句，變成被動句的主語時，一般用形式主語it,其中that不能省略。

eg.Hesaid(that)hewouldcomebackthenextmorning.

→________________hewouldcomebackthenext據(jù)說morning.

類似的短語還有：眾所周知_______________________；鮮為人知_____________________;據(jù)報道____________________;據(jù)猜測_______________________ItissaidthatItisknownthat…Itisunknownthat…Itisreportedthat…；Itissupposedthat…5.對被動句中的動作執(zhí)行者提問，有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：Who/Whom…by?

和Bywhom…?eg.Whowrotethisbook?→________________thisbook___________?______________thisbook_________?6.被動結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：be+done不一定是被動，某些詞的過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，放在be動詞后叫系表結(jié)構(gòu)，而不是被動。（be+pleased/excited/interested/surprised/worried/amazed）

eg.Thecupisbroken.(系表)Thecupisbrokenbyme.（被動）

Thewindowisclosed.(系表)Thewindowisclosedbythatboy.（被動）Who/WhomwaswrittenbyBywhomwaswritten7.過去分詞（done）做賓補，含被動的意思。make/have/getsb/sthdone(使某人/某事被做)

動詞原形(do)和現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做賓補含主動的意思。eg.用括號內(nèi)詞的適當形式填空：①Itrytospeakloudtomakemyself________.(hear)②Itrytospeakloudtomakeothers______me.(hear)③Ihavemyhomework______byotherseveryday.(do)④Myfatherhasme____alotofhomeworkeveryday.(do)heardheardonedo8.過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別：①過去分詞(done)做定語，含被動的意思,現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做定語含主動的意思。

eg.thebookwrittenbyLuXun魯迅寫的書（被動）

runningwater在流動的水（主動）②過去分詞(done)做定語，含已完成之意,現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）做定語含正在做之意。eg.developedcountries發(fā)達國家

developingcountries發(fā)展中國家即時練習:II.按要求完成下列句子：Beeperswereusedforgettingmessages.(變否定句、一般疑問句、肯否回答及劃線部分提問)Beepers____________forgettingmessages.(變否)______beepers_______forgettingmessages.?(變疑)Yes,_______________.____________beepersusedfor?(劃線部分提問)2.Heplanted10treeslastSunday.(變成被動)10trees_________________lastSunday(byhim).3.Wesawtheboyplayingsocceryesterday.(變成被動)Theboy________________socceryesterday.4.Mymotherboughtmeapen.(變成被動)I_____________apen_____mymother.Apen_______________________me.weren'tusedWereusedtheywereWhatwerewereplantedwasseenplayingwasboughtbywasboughtfor5.Theteachertakesgoodcareofthechildreneveryday.(變成被動)Thechildren______________good____________________theteachereveryday.6.Mybrotheroftenmakesmecry.(變成被動)I_______often____________cry.7.Whowrotethisbook?(變成被動)_____________________thisbook______?_____/_____________thisbook___________?8.WeallknowthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.(變成被動)_________________Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.aretakencareofbyammadetoBywhomwaswrittenWhoWhomwaswrittenbyIt'sknownthatⅢ.單項選擇()1.English_____inmostmiddleschoolsinChina.A.speakB.speaksC.isspeakingD.isspoken()2.Thebridgeovertheriver______morethanfiftyyearsago.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuiltDB()3.Mustolderpeople______topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken()4.Badthings_______intogoodthings.A.canturnedB.canbeturnedC.canturnD.canbeturn()5.Anewschool___inmyhometownlastyear.A.setupB.wassetupC.issetupD.hassetup()6.Ithinkmuchattentionmust____yourhealth.A.bepaidB.paidtoC.bepaidtoD.pay()7.Didyouhearthattheman____tothepolicestationyesterday?A.tookB.wastakenC.takenD.istaking()8.Thisstory__inParisbeforetheFirstWorldWar.A.happensB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happenedDBBCBD()9.Thebaby________bythenurse.A.waslookedafterB.waslookedC.lookedafterD.waslookedat()10.Themissingboywaslastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay()11.Thespeakerraised(提高)hisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself______.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard()12.Johnwasmade____theclothesforaweek.A.washingB.towashC.washD.tobewashing()13.Thechildrenareoftenasked______loudlyinthelibrary.Theymustkeepquiet.A.tospeakB.nottospeakC.can’tspeakD.notspeakAADBB()14.I______tohaveapart-timejob.

A.amnotallow

B.notallow

C.don’tallow

D.amnotallowed()15.Sixteen-years-oldsshouldn’t_____togotoanInternetbar.

A.beallowed

B.beallow

C.allow

D.areallowed()16._____middleschoolstudentsallowedtousemobilephoneatschool?

A.Do

B.Did

C.Are

D.CanDAC二、詞匯探究1.such,so①單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：such+a/an+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a/an+n.②復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞只能用such③.復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前有many,much,few,little(少的)修飾，只能用so④修飾形容詞、副詞只能用so⑤so/such…that…如此……以至于……即時練習：1).翻譯下列短語：①如此有趣的一本書（2）__________________=____________________②如此干凈的水________________③如此多的牛奶_________________sointerestingabooksuchaninterestingbooksuchcleanwatersomuchmilk④如此少的照片_________________ 如此少的橘汁_________________2).用so/such填空：①Heis_______agoodboy.Heworks____hardthatwealllikehim.②Sheis___niceastudentthateveryonelovesher.③Ihave____littlemoneythatIcan’tbuyanything.④Heis_____alittleboythathecan’tgotoschoolnow.⑤--It’s_____animportantmeetingthatImustgotoit.--Yes,themeetingis____importanttousthatwecan’tmissit.--Yes,it’s____importantameeting.Let’sgonow,althoughwehavetodriveon_____acoldday.sofewphotossolittleorangejuicesuchsosososuchsuchsososuch2.sometime___________,sometime_________,sometimes__________,sometimes__________①Ineed__________________todomyhomework.②Mymom_________________walkstowork.③IhavebeentoBeijing_________________.Iwillgothereagain__________________nextmonth.3.takeplace,有計劃、有安排地發(fā)生，由物做主語happen偶然發(fā)生,由物做主語sthhappentosb①Greatchanges__________________inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.②Hecan’tcome.He’sinhospitalnow.Acaraccident_____________tohimyesterday.某時一段時間有時幾次sometimesometimessometimessometimehavetakenplacehappened4.Itissaidthat

aChineserulercalledShenLongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.

Itisbelieved

thatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcentury.

Itissaid/believedthat+句子，相當于Peoplesay/believethat+句子，其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句。類似的句型還有：It’sreportedthat…(據(jù)報道)，It’sknownthat…(眾所周知)。翻譯：大家都知道電話是Bell在1876年發(fā)明的。____________________________________________________________________________________It'sknownthatthetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.4aRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.

Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.

Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?

Wherewerethesephotostaken?4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.

Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.

Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.You_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafepla