《植物病蟲害綠色防控技術(shù)》課件-1 梨銹?。p語）

梨銹病綠色防控

GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust

梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust俗稱“羊胡子、赤星病”Alsoknownas"GymnosporangiumharaeanumSyd."or"alternariaalternata".梨銹病Pearrust寄主

蘋果亞科為主，Hosts:Mainlymaloideae,如木瓜、山楂、棠梨、蘋果、貼梗海棠等suchaspapaya,hawthorn,birchleafpears,apples,andjaponicas侵染嫩葉；侵染幼果、新梢Infection:tenderleaves;infectionofyoungfruitsandyoungsprouts分布全國(guó)梨產(chǎn)區(qū)Distributionnationalpearproducingareas梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust轉(zhuǎn)主寄生Heteroecism梨-柏銹病Pear-cypressrust主要寄主Primaryhosts蘋果亞科:木瓜、山楂、棠梨、蘋果、貼梗海棠等Maloideae,papaya,hawthorn,birchleafpears,apples,japonicas,etc.中間/轉(zhuǎn)主寄主Intermediate/alternatehosts檜柏、龍柏、刺柏Juniper,cypress,Chinesejuniper

梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust梨-柏銹病的病原PathogensofPear-cypressrust梨膠銹菌—擔(dān)子菌亞門、膠柄銹菌屬Gymnosporangiumharaeanum-Basidiomycotina,Puccinia

生活史LifeHistory性孢子、銹孢子spermatium,aeciospore（梨等薔薇科，春-初夏）(Pearsandotherrosaceae,spring-earlysummer)冬孢子→擔(dān)孢子Teliospore→basidiospora

（柏樹，早春）(Cypress,earlyspring)冬孢子梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust癥狀Symptoms葉面：病斑中間橙紅→褐色，外緣黃色→橙紅色，又稱“赤星病”Leafsurface:Themiddleofthespotisorange-red→brown,andyellowontheouteredge→orange-red,alsoknownas"alternariaalternata".小黑點(diǎn)—（性孢子）器Smallblackspot-(spermatium)organ梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust葉背：病斑凹陷、向葉背增厚凸起，Leafback:sunkenspots,becomingthickenedandraisedtowardstheleafback.幼果：病斑凹陷、畸形早落Youngfruits:sunkenspots,becomingdeformedandearlydefoliation灰黃色須狀物—（銹孢子）器Grayishyellowwhiskers-(aeciospores)aecidium羊胡須Goatwhisker梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust癥狀Symptoms冬孢子角Teliosporehorn

梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust癥狀（柏樹）Symptoms(cypress)3-5月March-May梨-柏銹病的侵染循環(huán)Infectioncycleofpear-cypressrust一、越夏、越冬OversummeringandOverwintering場(chǎng)所：柏樹Location:cypress形態(tài)：菌絲體Morphology:Mycelium三、初侵染PrimaryInfection2、3月FebruaryandMarch

二、傳播Communication梨等薔薇科PearandotherRosaceae銹孢子Aeciospores擔(dān)孢子Basidiospora冬孢子Teliospore降雨Rainfall風(fēng)雨Weather性孢子Spermatiu侵染柏樹Infectedcypress梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust1、存在中間寄主

Thereareintermediatehosts.

孢子的有效傳播距離3-5km，如果有柏樹，發(fā)生幾率增大或嚴(yán)重；Theeffectivetransmissiondistanceofsporesis3-5km.Iftherearecypresses,thediseasewillbemorelikelytohappenorbecomeevensevere;2、氣候

Climate.

春季多雨、溫暖，或時(shí)晴時(shí)雨的天氣，可引起大量發(fā)病Itisrainyandwarminspring,orsunnyandrainy,whichmaycausealargenumberofdiseases.3、寄主易感期

SusceptibilityPeriodofHosts

展葉后25天內(nèi)，感病機(jī)會(huì)很大

Thereisagreatchanceofgettinginfectedwithin25daysafterleafexpansion.梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust發(fā)生條件Occurrenceconditions防控要點(diǎn):Keypointsofpreventionandcontrol:1、清除中間寄主

Removetheintermediatehost.

梨園周圍3-5km范圍不栽植柏樹；Nocypressshouldbeplantedwithin3-5kmaroundthepearorchard;2、兼治兩類寄主的銹病

Treatbothtypesofhostrust

殺死孢子、或抑制萌發(fā)；Killspores,orinhibitgermination;3、選擇最佳藥劑防治時(shí)間

Selectthebestpesticidecontroltime.

在梨萌芽至展葉期的25天內(nèi)噴藥，Spraychemicalswithin25daysfrompeargerminationtoleafexpansion.柏樹上以梨萌芽期的第一次春雨后對(duì)柏樹噴藥;Spraypesticidesontocypresstreesafterthefirstspringrainduringthegerminationperiodofpeartrees;4、果實(shí)套袋

Fruitbagging

花后40-50天內(nèi)within40-50daysafterblossoming梨銹病綠色防控GreenPreventionandControlforPearRust本次課小結(jié)：Summaryofthislesson:梨銹病癥狀與診斷，并注意區(qū)分李紅點(diǎn)??；Symptomsanddiagnosisofpearrust,andpayattentiontodistinguishingitfromtheplumredspot;2.熟悉梨銹病的侵染循環(huán)；G