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2020-2024年五年高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1【好題匯編】五年(2020-2024)高考英語真題分類匯編(北京專用)解析版專題08完形填空年份體裁詞數(shù)話題考點(diǎn)分布動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞副詞2024記敘文279人與自我:走出自己的舒適區(qū)44112023記敘文273人與社會:幽默反思課堂紀(jì)律62112022記敘文253人與社會:信任與等待的感人故事51312021記敘文238人與社會:家庭傳統(tǒng)與愛的傳承43212020記敘文382人與社會:音樂夢想與友情力量11621【2024北京卷】I’djustarrivedatschool,readyforanotherschoolday.Iwasreadingabookintheclassroomwhentherewasan___1___.“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditions(面試)foramusical.”Myfriendsalljumpedupinexcitementandaskedme,“Willyoubegoing,Amy?”“Sure,”Isaid.Ihadno___2___indrama,butI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit.At1:10,therewasa___3___outsidethedramaroom.Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.ButnowthatIwasdoingit,I___4___feltnervous.WhatifIwasn’tanygood?Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.Theythen___5___mysingingskillsandaskedwhatroleIwantedtoplay.Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.IfeltlikeIhada___6___,soIsaid,“Abigrole.”Theysaidthey’dlookintoit.Istartedgettingreallynervous.WhatifIdidn’tgetamainrole?Soon,thecastlistwas___7___.Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!”Sureenough,mynamewasatthetop.Ijuststaredatitandstartedto___8___.Iwassohappy.Aftertwomonthswewereallpreparedandreadytogoonstage.Itwasfun.Andwhenpeoplestarted___9___,thatgavemeaboostofconfidence.Itstayedwithmeandmademefeel___10___.Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8A.wellup B.rollin C.standout D.gooff9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者抱著試一試的心態(tài),參加了音樂劇面試卻成功獲得了扮演音樂劇主角的機(jī)會,作者在這次經(jīng)歷中體驗(yàn)到了嘗試新事物帶來的樂趣。【1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我正在教室里看書,這時(shí)有一則公告。A.assignment任務(wù);B.initiative倡議;C.announcement公告;D.interview面試。根據(jù)下文“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditionsforamusical.”可推知,此處指作者正在教室里看書,這時(shí)作者聽到有一則公告。故選C。【2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我對戲劇沒有興趣,但是因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧?,我也決定嘗試一下。A.hesitancy猶豫;B.interest興趣;C.worry擔(dān)心;D.regret懊悔。根據(jù)下文“ButI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit”可推知,此處指作者雖然對戲劇沒有興趣,但因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧觯宰髡咭矝Q定嘗試一下。故選B?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在1:10的時(shí)候,戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。A.game游戲;B.show展覽;C.play游戲;D.line隊(duì)伍。根據(jù)下文“Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.”可知,此處指戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。故選D?!?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:但是現(xiàn)在我正在排隊(duì)的時(shí)候,我突然感到緊張。A.suddenly突然;B.continuously連續(xù)不斷地;C.originally起初;D.generally通常。根據(jù)上文“ButnowthatIwasdoingit,”以及下文“WhatifIwasn’tanygood?”可推知,此處指作者在排隊(duì)的過程中突然感到緊張。故選A。【5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后他們測試了我的唱歌技巧,問我想要演什么角色。A.advertised為……做廣告;B.tested測驗(yàn);C.challenged對……懷疑;D.polished潤色。根據(jù)上文“Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.”以及下文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可推知,此處指作者進(jìn)入戲劇室后,老師們讓作者說幾句音樂劇中的臺詞,測試作者的唱歌技巧,并對作者的表現(xiàn)很滿意。故選B。【6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我感覺我有機(jī)會,所以我說“一個(gè)重要的角色”。A.demand需求;B.credit信用;C.dream夢想;D.chance機(jī)會。根據(jù)上文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可知,作者得到老師的表揚(yáng),所以此處指作者覺得自己有機(jī)會扮演音樂劇主角。故選D。【7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:不久演員表就被張貼了出來。A.traded交易;B.posted張貼;C.questioned詢問;D.claimed宣稱。根據(jù)下文“Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!””以及下文“mynamewasatthetop.”可推知,此處指很快演員表就被張貼了出來,作者在名單最上邊。故選B。【8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我只是盯著它,然后開始情緒開始迸發(fā)。A.wellup(情緒)迸發(fā);B.rollin(金錢等)大量涌進(jìn);C.standout脫穎而出;D.gooff爆炸。根據(jù)下文“Iwassohappy”可推知,此處指作者盯著演員表看,然后情緒開始迸發(fā),感覺很開心。故選A?!?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后人們開始鼓掌,這給了我信心。A.whispering耳語;B.arguing爭吵;C.clapping鼓掌;D.stretching伸展。根據(jù)下文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及常識可推知,此處指人們的掌聲增強(qiáng)了作者的信心。故選C?!?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:它一直伴隨著我,讓我感到更勇敢。A.funnier更有趣的;B.fairer更公平的;C.cleverer更聰明的;D.braver更勇敢的。根據(jù)上文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及下文“Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.”可推知,人們的掌聲給了作者信心,這使得作者感覺更勇敢,可以走出舒適區(qū),通過嘗試新事物獲得樂趣。故選D?!?024北京卷】Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的).Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven1,soitwassurprisingI’d2toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice—towriteafiveessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!AfterIgothome,though.Itookmytimepettingthecat-postponingthepain.WhenIfinallysatdownto3,IbeganwiththereasonsMs.Blackwouldwanttohear.Talkingkeptmeandmyneighboursfrom4.Oneparagraphdown;nowwhat?Ichewedonmypencil.Aha!Whatiftalkingwerethefirststeptowardslifeasacriminal?WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.”Thepagesbegan5.Butwhenmumgothomefromwork,Iwasstill6,“Fivepages!That’simpossible!”“Well,you’dbettergetbacktowork,”shesaid.“andIwanttoreaditwhenyou’rethrough.”Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda7—atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.8,mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.Thenextday,whenMs.Blackreadtheessaytotheclass,everyonelaughed.Icould9theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.My10stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.1.A.freer B.shyer C.calmer D.happier2.A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat3.A.weep B.rest C.write D.read4.A.learning B.playing C.planning D.laughing5.A.standingout B.flyingby C.breakingup D.checkingin6.A.celebrating B.longing C.complaining D.warning7.A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution8.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead9.A.hope B.imagine C.tell D.predict10.A.patience B.confidence C.tolerance D.independence【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A5.B6.C7.A8.D9.C10.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了作者很害羞,剛來到新學(xué)校后更加害羞,不愛說話。于是老師讓作者寫一篇五頁的“我為什么不應(yīng)該在課上講話”的文章。作者寫的文章很搞笑,第二天當(dāng)老師在課堂上讀作者的文章時(shí),同學(xué)們都笑了起來。1.考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意:初來乍到使我更加害羞,所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.freer更自由的;B.shyer更害羞的;C.calmer更冷靜的;D.happier更高興的。由上文“Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的)”和“even”可知,前后是程度的加深,我很害羞,所以剛到新學(xué)校更加害羞了,故選B。2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:初來乍到使我更加害羞,所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.nod點(diǎn)頭;B.point指;C.listen聽;D.chat閑聊。由下文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.(現(xiàn)在我在付出代價(jià)——就“我為什么不應(yīng)該在班里說話”寫一篇五頁的文章)”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知,布萊克老師想知道我為什么不在班里說話的原因,由此可知,當(dāng)老師想讓我和同學(xué)們說話時(shí),我認(rèn)為要我和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的,故選D。3.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我終于坐下來開始寫作時(shí),我首先說出了布萊克老師想聽的理由。A.weep哭泣;B.rest休息;C.write寫;D.read讀。由上文“towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass””可知,此處write是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn),我開始寫這篇五頁的文章,故選C。4.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:談話使我和我的鄰桌不能學(xué)習(xí)。A.learning學(xué)習(xí);B.playing玩;C.planning計(jì)劃;D.laughing笑。由上文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知,現(xiàn)在我要寫一篇五頁的文章,那要花費(fèi)我一晚上,所以說和鄰桌談話會阻止我和鄰居學(xué)習(xí),且以談話會妨礙學(xué)習(xí)來解釋,說明自己愛學(xué)習(xí),這也是老師愿意聽到的,故選A。5.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意:書頁開始飛逝。A.standingout突出;B.flyingby飛越;飛逝;C.breakingup分手;D.checkingin登記。由上文“WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.””可知,我開始寫出很多內(nèi)容,所以此處用flyby來說明我很快寫出了很多頁,故選B。6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但是當(dāng)媽媽下班回家的時(shí)候,我仍然在抱怨,“五頁!這不可能!”A.celebrating慶祝;B.longing渴望;C.complaining抱怨;D.warning警告。由下文““Fivepages!That’simpossible!””可知,我認(rèn)為我不可能寫完這五頁的內(nèi)容,所以在抱怨,故選C。7.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我有點(diǎn)期待得到一種說教——至少一句“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”。A.lecture說教;B.reason原因;C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);D.solution解決辦法。由下文“atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”可知,“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”這是一種說教,故選A。8.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:相反,媽媽一邊讀一邊笑。A.Therefore因此;B.Moreover此外;C.Meanwhile同時(shí);D.Instead代替;反而。前后句子“Ihalfexpecteda______7____﹣atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”和“mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.”內(nèi)容相反,應(yīng)用instead,我本期待得到媽媽的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),然而媽媽非但沒有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),反而在讀我的文章時(shí)一邊讀一邊笑,故選D。9.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我能判斷出他們不是在取笑我:他們笑是因?yàn)槲矣心芰χv一個(gè)有趣的故事。A.hope希望;B.imagine想象;C.tell告訴;看出,判斷出;區(qū)分;D.predict預(yù)計(jì)。由下文“theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.”可知,我能判斷出來,他們笑是因?yàn)槲抑v的故事搞笑,而不是在取笑我,故選C。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我的自信心仍然需要一些推動(dòng),但我確實(shí)學(xué)到了我在寫作的時(shí)候并不害羞。A.patience耐心;B.confidence自信;C.tolerance忍受;D.independence獨(dú)立。由下文“stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.”和第一段提到的我很害羞可知,我的自信心不足,需要一些推動(dòng),故選B。【2022北京卷】OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying“freeplay”,Isteppedtothedoorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I____1____amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.ThiswastheverydoorI____2____guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill(寒意)gothroughmybody.Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwas____3____thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas____4____toopenthedoor.Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He’dneedtimeto____5____,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto____6____wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,buthis____7____couldbeheardasloudasever!Igavehimawarmhugandtoldhimhow____8____Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayedwithmealltheseyears,“Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto____9____.Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin_____10_____.1.A.caused B.spotted C.checked D.imagined2.A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully3.A.angry B.absent C.special D.noisy4.A.courageous B.content C.unable D.unwilling5.A.recover B.play C.change D.wait6.A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react7.A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter8.A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous9.A.showup B.pullup C.holdup D.lineup10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.C【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)小男孩上學(xué)去晚了,被關(guān)在了門外,小男孩推不開們,于是大冬天的在門外等了很久,直到老師不經(jīng)意間發(fā)現(xiàn)門有動(dòng)靜,才注意到他被關(guān)在門外。小男孩堅(jiān)定地相信老師會給他開門,這種信念讓老師一直銘記于心。1.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:突然,我注意到那扇沉重的木門動(dòng)了一下。A.caused引起、使發(fā)生;B.spotted看見、注意到;C.checked檢查、核對;D.imagined想象。根據(jù)后面的“amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.”可知,此處表示看到門動(dòng)了下,spot符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。2.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:這正是那扇我小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們穿過,以確保他們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲的門。A.hesitantly遲疑地、躊躇地;B.randomly隨機(jī)地;C.dizzily頭暈眼花地;D.carefully小心地、謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)后面的“toensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.”可知,要確保孩子們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲,說明是小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們通過,carefully符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。3.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:是我幼兒園的一個(gè)孩子,我以為他那天沒來。A.angry生氣的、憤怒的;B.absent缺席的、不在的;C.special特殊的、特別的;D.noisy嘈雜的、聒噪的。根據(jù)下文的“Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas____4____toopenthedoor.”可知,是小男孩來晚了,又開不了門,所以老師以為他沒來,此處absent符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)4.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他很晚才被送到學(xué)校,打不開門。A.courageous勇敢的;B.content滿足的、滿意的;C.unable無法勝任的、不會的;D.unwilling不愿意的。根據(jù)上文的“theheavywoodendoor.”和下文的“Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!”可知,門很重,小男孩打不開,所以才在門外等了很久,此處指“打不開門”,unable符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)5.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他需要時(shí)間恢復(fù),我想他第二天不會來上課了。A.recover恢復(fù)、康復(fù);B.play玩鬧、戲弄;C.change改變;D.wait等待。根據(jù)前面的“Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.”可知,小男孩手凍傷了,所以需要時(shí)間恢復(fù),此處recover符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。6.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:第二天早上,我那凍傷的小男孩是第一批趕到的人之一。A.settle解決、定居;B.gather聚集、召集;C.arrive到達(dá);D.react反應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,”可知,小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來,說明是來了學(xué)校,故此處指第一批到達(dá)學(xué)校的人,應(yīng)用arrive。故選C項(xiàng)7.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他不僅精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來,而且他的笑聲還像以前一樣響亮!A.sneeze打噴嚏;B.weep哭泣;C.complaint抱怨;D.laughter笑聲。根據(jù)前面的“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy”可知,小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來,說明身體恢復(fù)好了,結(jié)合后面的“couldbeheardasloudasever”可知,此處應(yīng)指“笑聲和以前一樣響亮”,laughter符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)8.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我給了他一個(gè)溫暖的擁抱,告訴他我很高興見到他。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的;B.happy開心的、幸福的;C.curious好奇的;D.nervous緊張的、擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)上文“He’dneedtimeto____5____,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.”可知,作者以為小男孩不會來學(xué)校,所以看到小男孩的時(shí)候,應(yīng)該是開心的,happy符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)9.【解析】考查短語辨析。句意:在那個(gè)寒冷的周一早晨,他等了很久很久,才等到大人的出現(xiàn)。A.showup露面,出現(xiàn);B.pullup拔起、停下來;C.holdup舉起、阻擋;D.lineup排隊(duì)。根據(jù)上下文語義可知,小男孩在門口等了很久,才等到大人出現(xiàn)給他開門,此處用showup符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)10.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)五歲的孩子給我上了一堂關(guān)于信念的有力的課。A.gratitude感激;B.forgiveness寬?。籆.faith信任、信念;D.kindness善良、仁慈。根據(jù)前面“Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.”可知,小男孩在門口等了很久,卻沒有試圖回家,說明小男孩有很強(qiáng)的的信念,故此處指老師從小男孩身上學(xué)到了一些關(guān)于信念的東西,此處指“關(guān)于信念的課”,faith符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)【2021北京卷】Recently,Itookatriphomebytrain.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes,whokept____1____ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.Thewoman'seyefellontheman'sface,andsheimmediatelylookeddownand____2____herscarf.Asthenightworeon,peoplebegantoclosetheireyes,buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavysleepercouldmanagetogetany____3____.Thewomanlookedoverattheman.Hewasstillstaringather.Shelookedbackathimwithfireinhereyes.Iwasbeginningtoget____4____,too.Thetrainmovedon.Thelittleboywas____5____awakeonhismother'slap,butthewomandroppedofftosleep.Amomentlater,hebeganto____6____thehalf-openwindow—onelegwentoverit.Themanjumpedupand____7____thechildjustbeforehefellout.The____8____wokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobein____9____,andthenrealitydawned(顯現(xiàn)).“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”Thewomanwas_____10_____,andsowasI.1.A.guiding B.bothering C.watching D.monitoring2.A.adjusted B.changed C.packed D.waved3.A.air B.joy C.space D.rest4.A.nervous B.embarrassed C.angry D.disappointed5.A.almost B.still C.hardly D.even6.A.drag B.climb C.knock D.push7.A.grabbed B.rocked C.touched D.picked8.A.alarm B.quarrel C.risk D.noise9.A.sorrow B.relief C.panic D.pain10.A.astonished B.confused C.concerned D.inspired【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.A【解析】〖祥解〗這是一篇記敘文。講述了火車上一位男子救下了爬上窗戶的頑皮孩子的善舉,最初孩子的母親因?yàn)槟凶涌偸嵌⒅麄?,對男子的第一印象不好,而最后得知原因十分驚訝。故事告訴我們很多事情不能只看表面。【1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我坐在一位中年男子對面的座位上,他目光敏銳,一直在注視著一位坐在靠窗座位上的年輕女子,她的腿上坐著一個(gè)小男孩。A.guiding帶領(lǐng);B.bothering打擾;C.watching看著;D.monitoring監(jiān)控。根據(jù)上文“withsharpeyes”(有著敏銳的目光)以及下文第二段“Hewasstillstaringather.”(他仍然盯著她看。)可知,中年男子一直在看著女子,故選C。【2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:女人的目光落在了男人的臉上,她立刻低下頭,整理了一下圍巾。A.adjusted調(diào)整;B.changed改變;C.packed包裝;D.waved揮動(dòng),根據(jù)空格處and前的動(dòng)詞低下頭和空格后的圍巾,可知女人因?yàn)楦械綄擂味皖^故意整理圍巾,故選A?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:夜?jié)u漸深了,人們開始閉上眼睛,但座位太不舒服了,只有睡得很沉的人才能設(shè)法休息。A.air空氣;B.joy娛樂;C.space空間;D.rest休息。根據(jù)空格前點(diǎn)明時(shí)間是夜晚了和后面睡得很沉的人,可知是為了獲得一些休息。故選D。【4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我也開始生氣了。A.nervous緊張的;B.embarrassed尷尬的;C.angry生氣的;D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)withfireinhereyes以及空格后too,可知“我”和女人的情緒是一樣憤怒生氣的,故選C?!?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:小男孩躺在媽媽的腿上還醒著,但是媽媽已經(jīng)睡著了。A.almost幾乎;B.still仍然;C.hardly幾乎不;D.even甚至。根據(jù)butthewomandroppedofftosleep,可知母親已經(jīng)睡著,男孩是醒著的,推斷出來是仍然醒著的。故選B?!?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:過了一會兒,他開始爬上半開著的窗戶——一條腿跨過了窗戶。A.drag拖拉;B.climb爬上;C.knock敲打;D.push推動(dòng)。根據(jù)空格后onelegwentoverit,可知小孩是在爬窗戶,腳才邁了出去,故選B。【7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:就在孩子掉下去之前,那人跳起來抓住了他。A.grabbed抓著;B.rocked搖晃;C.touched接觸;D.picked挑選。根據(jù)beforehefellout可知,男人跳起來是為了阻止孩子掉下去,所以要抓住他,故選A?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:噪音把那個(gè)女人吵醒了。A.alarm鬧鐘;B.quarrel吵架;C.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn);D.noise噪音。根據(jù)上文Themanjumpedupandgrabbedthechildjustbeforehefellout可知,男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的動(dòng)靜和聲音,故選D?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她似乎在恐慌,然后明白過來。A.sorrow悲傷;B.relief減輕;C.panic恐慌;D.pain痛苦。根據(jù)上文可知,女人一醒來看到男人抓著自己的孩子,女人對男人的印象不好,因此作為母親一定是很恐慌的,故選C?!?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:女人很驚訝,我也很驚訝。A.astonished驚訝;B.confused困惑的;C.concerned關(guān)心的;D.inspired受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)空格前的對話“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”(“你的孩子一直在找機(jī)會爬出窗戶,”男人說著把孩子還給了她?!八晕乙恢痹诳?。”),可知女人對男人的印象不好,但是男人卻救了他們的孩子,所以最后女人是感到意外和驚訝的,故選A?!?020北京卷】Myfaithinhumannaturehasneverbeensogreatasitwaslastweekendafterourfamilyget-togetherinthetownofVail.OnSaturday,weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthetown.Neartheend,weall____11____atthefountainnearthebridge,andthekidswaded(蹚水)aroundinthefountainuntilwe____12____.Thisisoneofthebusiestwalkingstreets.Afterwereturnedtothehotellateintheafternoon,my7-year-oldsonPonder____13____thatnowherecouldhefindhisbackpack,which____14____hisGameboyandhiswatch.Afterathorough____15____wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftitatthefountain.Ponderhasnever____16____anything.Sowejusttakeforgrantedthatheneedsnosupervision(指導(dǎo))formanaginghis____17____.Hewasupset,notabouttheGameboy,butaboutthewatch."ButDad,"hesaid,throughmassive____18____,"theydon'tmakethatkindofwatchanymore."Wewereallvery____19____.Ourdinnerreservationwasatarestaurantjustontheothersideofthebridge,soI_____20_____himthatwewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner,butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen_____21_____.Asweexitedfromtheparkinggarage,wecouldseethefountainaswewalkeddownthelongstaircase.Isawsomethingblack_____22_____there,butitwasrightnexttoawomanstandingbythefountain,soIcouldnot_____23_____whatitwasorifitwashers."Seeit,Dad?"Pondershouted."Don'tgettoo_____24_____becausethatmaynotbeit,"Isaid.Butthatwasit.Ithadbeenfiveorsixhourssinceweleftthefountain,anditwas_____25_____there.TherewasnoIDinit,anditlookedlikesomeonehadlookedthroughitandthensetitrightoutwhereallcould_____26_____it.Iliterally_____27_____whenwereacheditanditwashis!Everyoneinourpartywasblownawaybythis"miracle(奇跡)".Inmywildest_____28_____,Iwouldneverhaveimaginedthatthiscouldhappennowadays.Whatacharmedlife,eh?Ibelievethiswasaperfect_____29_____forachildinlosingsomethingimportant…toloseitandfeelthefull_____30_____ofthatloss,andthentomiraculouslygetitback.11.A.drove B.hiked C.met D.united12.A.landed B.left C.settled D.slept13.A.responded B.recognized C.realised D.recalled14.A.contained B.combined C.comprised D.covered15.A.preparation B.checkup C.revision D.search16.A.wasted B.lost C.sough D.deserted17.A.emotion B.time C.money D.stuff18.A.tears B.fists C.reliefs D.outbreaks19.A.hesitant B.curious C.sad D.eager20.A.promised B.informed C.warned D.taught21.A.wornout B.caughtup C.putaway D.turnedin22.A.hiding B.sitting C.swinging D.flowing23.A.assess B.declare C.tell D.predict24.A.excited B.puzzled C.relaxed D.amused25.A.already B.even C.almost D.still26.A.take B.see C.touch D.protect27.A.panicked B.exploded C.collapsed D.cried28.A.dreams B.claims C.efforts D.passions29.A.mode B.lesson C.option D.plot30.A.range B.pressure C.weight D.harvest【答案】11.C12.B13.C14.A15.D16.B17.D18.A19.C20.A21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C【解析】〖祥解〗這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兒子丟失背包,五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后,背包在丟失的地方被找到了,這讓作者真正意識到了人性信仰的偉大?!?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:快結(jié)束時(shí),我們都在橋邊的噴泉邊集合,孩子們在噴泉里涉水,直到我們離開。A.drove開車;B.hiked徒步旅行;C.met遇見、集合;D.united團(tuán)結(jié)。由上文的weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthetown可知,作者一家去了市中心的集市,集市會很擁擠繁忙,作者一家人容易走散,所以約定好在橋邊的噴泉邊集合。故選C項(xiàng)?!?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:快結(jié)束時(shí),我們都在橋邊的噴泉邊集合,孩子們在噴泉里涉水,直到我們離開。A.landed著陸;B.left離開;C.settled定居;D.slept睡覺。由上文的Neartheend可知,作者一家要結(jié)束今天行程了,此處指孩子在噴泉里涉水,直到他們離開。故選B項(xiàng)?!?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:下午晚些時(shí)候我們回到酒店后,我7歲的兒子龐德意識到,他找不到他的背包,里面包含(裝)著他的游戲機(jī)和手表。A.responded回答;B.recognized認(rèn)出;C.realised意識到;D.recalled回憶。由下文的nowherecouldhefindhisbackpack和下文到處找背包可知,龐德意識到他找不到他的背包了。故選C項(xiàng)?!?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:下午晚些時(shí)候我們回到酒店后,我7歲的兒子龐德意識到,他找不到他的背包,里面包含(裝)著他的游戲機(jī)和手表。A.contained包含;B.combined結(jié)合;C.comprised包括;D.covered覆蓋。contain指所涉及的物體常常是其組成部分或內(nèi)容,強(qiáng)調(diào)包容關(guān)系,既可指具體有形的東西,也可指抽象無形的東西;comprise暗指一個(gè)整體包括不同部分所組成,強(qiáng)調(diào)“由許多部分構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體”。由本處語境可知,龐德找不到他的背包,背包里包含他的游戲機(jī)和手表,背包和游戲機(jī)及手表不是一個(gè)整體,是包容關(guān)系,應(yīng)用contain。故選A項(xiàng)?!?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:經(jīng)過徹底搜查,我們斷定他一定是把它落在噴泉邊了。A.preparation準(zhǔn)備;B.checkup檢查;C.revision修訂;D.search搜尋。由下文的wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftitatthefountain可知,作者他們斷定龐德一定是把它落在噴泉邊了,說明他們肯定經(jīng)過了徹底搜查。故選D項(xiàng)?!?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:龐德從未丟失過任何東西。A.wasted浪費(fèi);B.lost丟失;C.sough作沙沙聲;D.deserted拋棄。由下文語境可知,作者他們認(rèn)為龐德不需要人來監(jiān)督管理自己的東西,是因?yàn)辇嫷聫奈磥G失過任何東西,他們相信龐德,才不監(jiān)督管理龐德的東西,前后句是因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:所以我們就想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他不需要人來監(jiān)督管理他的東西。A.emotion情緒;B.time時(shí)間;C.money金錢;D.stuff東西。由上文語境可知,龐德從未丟失過任何東西,作者他們相信龐德,所以他們才不監(jiān)督管理龐德的東西。故選D項(xiàng)?!?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“但是爸爸,”他流眼淚說,他們不再做那種手表了。A.tears眼淚;B.fists拳頭;C.reliefs放松;D.outbreaks暴發(fā)。由上文的Hewasupset和下文的theydon'tmakethatkindofwatchanymore可知,龐德很難過,因?yàn)檫@種手表不再生產(chǎn),他難過的流眼淚了。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我們都很傷心。A.hesitant猶豫的;B.curious好奇的;C.sad悲傷的;D.eager渴望的。由上文語境可知,龐德難過的流眼淚了,作為父母的作者,肯定也感到傷心。故選C項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們預(yù)訂的晚餐就在橋?qū)γ娴囊患也宛^,所以我承諾他,我們回去吃晚飯時(shí),不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域,而且還要找到警察,問他們背包有沒有上交。A.promised承諾;B.informed通知;C.warned警告;D.taught教。由下文的wewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner,butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen____11__可知,作者承諾了龐德他們會盡力尋找背包,不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域,而且還要找到警察。故選A項(xiàng)?!?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我們預(yù)訂的晚餐就在橋?qū)γ娴囊患也宛^,所以我承諾他,我們回去吃晚飯時(shí),不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域,而且還要找到警察,問他們背包有沒有上交。A.wornout磨損;B.caughtup趕上;C.putaway收起;D.turnedin上交。由上文的butwewouldalsofindthepolice可知,作者找警察是想問有沒有人把背包上交到警察局。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我看見一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在那里,但它就在一個(gè)站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊,所以我不知道那是什么東西,也不能分辨是不是她的。A.hiding躲藏;B.sitting被放在;C.swinging搖擺;D.flowing流動(dòng)。由下文的itwasrightnexttoawomanstandingbythefountain可知,黑色的東西在站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊,此處指一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在噴泉那兒。故選B項(xiàng)?!?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我看見一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在那里,但它就在一個(gè)站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊,所以我不知道那是什么東西,也不能分辨是不是她的。A.assess評價(jià);B.declare宣布;C.tell分辨;D.predict預(yù)料。由上文的itwasrightnexttoawomanstandingbythefountain可知,被放在噴泉那兒的黑色的東西就在站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊,作者無法分辨黑色的東西是不是女人的。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:不要太激動(dòng),因?yàn)榭赡懿皇悄愕谋嘲?。A.excited興奮的;B.puzzled困惑的;C.relaxed放松的;D.amused好笑的。由上文的"Seeit,Dad?"Pondershouted可知,龐德看到一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在噴泉那兒,大叫起來,說明他很興奮。故選A項(xiàng)?!?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我們離開噴泉已經(jīng)有五六個(gè)小時(shí)了,背包還在那兒。A.already已經(jīng);B.even甚至;C.almost幾乎;D.still仍然、還。由下文的whenwereacheditanditwashis可知,作者他們找到了背包,說明五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后,背包還在噴泉那兒。故選D項(xiàng)?!?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:里面沒有身份證,看上去好像有人看過,然后把它放在所有人都能看到的地方。A.take拿;B.see看;C.touch摸;D.protect保護(hù)。由上文的TherewasnoIDinit和thensetitrightout可知,包里沒有身份證,有人把身份證放在外面,是為了讓人看到,辨認(rèn)身份。故選B項(xiàng)?!?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我真的哭了,當(dāng)我們到達(dá)它那里,黑色的東西是他的!A.panicked恐慌;B.exploded爆炸;C.collapsed坍塌;D.cried哭。由上文語境可知,作者從未相信人性信仰的偉大,發(fā)現(xiàn)五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后,背包還在噴泉那兒,沒人拿走,這簡直是個(gè)奇跡,作者感動(dòng)得哭了。故選D項(xiàng)?!?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在我最瘋狂的夢里,我從來沒有想到現(xiàn)在會發(fā)生這種事。A.dreams夢想;B.claims聲明;C.efforts努力;D.passions熱情。由上文語境和下文的Iwouldneverhaveimaginedthatthiscouldhappennowadays可知,五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后,背包還在噴泉那兒,沒人拿走,這簡直是個(gè)奇跡,作者做夢都未想到這種事會發(fā)生。故選A項(xiàng)?!?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我相信這是一個(gè)完美的教訓(xùn),讓孩子失去重要的東西……失去它,感受失去的全部重量,然后奇跡般地找回它。A.mode模式;B.lesson教訓(xùn);C.option選擇;D.plot情節(jié)。由下文語境可知,讓孩子失去重要的東西,感受失去的全部重量,然后奇跡般地找回它,這可以給孩子一個(gè)教訓(xùn)(讓孩子珍視自己擁有的東西)。故選B項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我相信這是一個(gè)完美的教訓(xùn),讓孩子失去重要的東西……失去它,感受失去的全部重量,然后奇跡般地找回它。A.range范圍;B.pressure壓力;C.weight重量;D.harvest收獲。由上文語境可知,龐德丟失背包后,難過得哭了,說明這種失去的“重量”讓他無法承受,所以他傷心。故選C項(xiàng)。Close01(2024·北京朝陽·二模)AnursenamedAlyHogarthhasreunitedwithamotheranddaughteratthesamehospitalship30yearsaftersavingtheirlives.In1993,MsHogarthwastouringahospitalshipinSierraLeonewhensheknewthatapatientCatherineContehneededaCaesareansection(剖腹產(chǎn)手術(shù)),butshecouldn’t1it.MsHogarthcontactedhercolleaguesandtheypaidforthe170surgery,sothatCatherine’sdaughter,Regina,couldbe2.Later,MsHogarthvolunteeredtotakecareofherinthehospital,3herwoundandteachingherhowtofeedthebaby.InthiswayMsHogarthformeda4withthemotherandthebaby,buttheylost5whenshereturnedhometoNewZealand.MsHogarth,now52,volunteeredforcharityMercyShips.Surprisingly,she6CatherineandReginaatthesamehospitalship.Theybothbecamenurses,inspiredbyMsHogarth,andReginanowhasachildofherown.MsHogarthsaid,“ToseeCatherineinpersonagain,it’sveryunrealreally.It’snotsomethingI7expecteduntilwemadecontactagain.Forme,Ifelt8atthemomentwhenwemetanddidn’tknowhowtoreact.”“Wejustcriedandcried,”Catherinesaid.“ReginaandIwouldhavediedwithoutMsHogarth’spurelove.”“It’sreally9toseeCatherineagain,”MsHogarthshared.“IthoughtabouthereverytimeItoldthatstoryforthelast30years.Iknowitwasasignificanttime—realizingthatyoucanmakeareal10bydoingsomething.”1.A.cancel B.bear C.a(chǎn)fford D.a(chǎn)ccept2.A.examined B.delivered C.a(chǎn)dopted D.a(chǎn)ttended3.A.receiving B.removing C.dressing D.discovering4.A.habit B.tradition C.plan D.bond5.A.touch B.control C.hope D.direction6.A.calledon B.cameacross C.lookedafter D.keptoff7.A.ever B.still C.even D.just8.A.inspired B.disappointed C.concerned D.excited9.A.impossible B.a(chǎn)mazing C.challenging D.simple10.A.effort B.commitment C.decision D.difference【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D5.A6.B7.A8.D9.B10.D【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于記敘文,講述了護(hù)士AlyHogarth在30年前于醫(yī)院船上救助了一位名叫CatherineConteh的母親,并幫助她順利生下女兒Regina的故事。多年后,她們在同一艘醫(yī)院船上重逢。1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:1993年,Hogarth女士在SierraLeone參觀一艘醫(yī)療船時(shí),得知病人凱CatherineConteh需要剖腹產(chǎn),但她負(fù)擔(dān)不起。A.cancel取消;B.bear忍受;C.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起;D.accept接受。根據(jù)下文的“MsHogarthcontactedhercolleaguesandtheypaidforthe170surgery”可知,CatherineConteh無法負(fù)擔(dān)手術(shù)費(fèi)。故選C。2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:Hogarth女士聯(lián)系了她的同事,同事們支付了170美元的手術(shù)費(fèi),這樣凱瑟琳的女兒Regina就可以順利降生了。A.examined檢查;B.delivered接生;C.adopted采納,收養(yǎng);D.attended出席。根據(jù)上文的“apatientCatherineContehneededaCaesareansection(剖腹產(chǎn)手術(shù))”可知,Catherine需要剖腹產(chǎn),孩子需要接生。故選B。3.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:后來,Hogarth女士自愿在醫(yī)院照顧她,幫她包扎傷口,教她如何喂養(yǎng)嬰兒。A.receiving接收;B.removing移除;C.dressing給……包扎;D.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文的“herwound”可知,此處指為Catherine的傷口進(jìn)行包扎處理。故選C。4.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:通過這種方式,Hogarth女士與母親和孩子建立了聯(lián)系,但當(dāng)她回到新西蘭的家中時(shí),她們失去了聯(lián)系。A.habit習(xí)慣;B.tradition傳統(tǒng);C.plan計(jì)劃;D.bond聯(lián)系,紐帶。根據(jù)上文的“MsHogarthvolunteeredtotakecareofherinthehospital,3herwoundandteachingherhowtofeedthebaby.”可知,上文描述了Hogarth女士照顧母女的過程,她們之間形成了情感上的聯(lián)系。故選D。5.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:通過這種方式,Hogarth女士與母親和孩子建立了聯(lián)系,但當(dāng)她回到新西蘭的家中時(shí),她們失去了聯(lián)系。A.touch聯(lián)系;B.control控制;C.hope希望;D.direction方向。根據(jù)下文的“untilwemadecontactagain”可知,她們曾失去過聯(lián)系。故選A。6.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:令人驚訝的是,她在同一家醫(yī)院船上偶遇了Catherine和Regina。A.calledon拜訪;B.cameacross偶然遇見;C.lookedafter照顧;D.keptoff遠(yuǎn)離。根據(jù)上文的“AnursenamedAlyHogarthhasreunitedwithamotheranddaughterat

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