Unit1 Reading and Thinking 詞匯精講課堂

版本：新人教單元：選擇性必修一

Unit1

(ReadingandThinking)詞匯課堂1.crucial詞塊：becrucialtosb/sth,itiscrucialforsbtodosth2.vitalvit(life生命)+-al(……的)→生命攸關(guān)的→至關(guān)重要的詞塊：itisvital(forsb)todosth,bevitalto(doing)sth3.commit&committedcommit:com-(together一起)+mit(tosend送)→將人送去承擔義務等→(使)承擔義務；(使)作出保證同根詞：admit,permit,transmit詞塊：commitacrime/mistake,commitoneselftodosth派生詞：committed,commitment4.academy&academicacademy—academic詞塊：academicresearch,academicyear5.objectiveobject(物體)+-ive(……的)objective(adj

客觀的)

反義詞：subjectiveobject(n

目標)近義詞：goal詞塊：set/achieveanobjective本單元詞匯梳理6.evaluatee-(out出來)+valu(value價值)+-ate(動詞后綴)→使(某物的)

價值體現(xiàn)出來→評價；評估派生詞：evaluation7.property詞塊：intellectualproperty(IP)；熟詞生義：特性8.distinctdis-(apart分開)+stinct(prick,stick

刺)→以刺為記號區(qū)分的→截然不同的9.extractex-(out出)+tract(todraw拉)→拉出來→提取對應的名詞釋義為“提取物”10.boil詞塊：boiled/boilingwater11.obtainob-(表示加強)+tain(tohold拿住)→穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地拿住→獲得，正式用語(對應get)12.acknowledgea-(處于)+c(無意義)+knowledge(知道)→處于知道的狀態(tài)→承認(基本義)派生詞：acknowledgement13.defeatdefeat(v)近義詞：beatdefeat(n)詞塊：sufferadefeat,

acknowledge/admit/acceptdefeat14.analyseanalysis—analyseana(完全)+lyse

(解開)→(將事物)完全解開→分析15.apparentlyapparent(adj

明顯的)+-ly；近義詞：obviously,clearly句子副詞16.substancesub-(upto,under下面)+stance(tostand站)→站在下面的事物→事實基礎；根據(jù)17.insistin-(upon在……之上)+sist(tostand站)→站在自己的立場上→堅決要求；堅持認為；同根詞：assist,resist詞塊：insiston,insist(that)…(should)dosth18.scientificscience—scientific19.mostlymost+-ly重難點詞精講acknowledge一詞多義英語釋義defeat搭配義commit&committed英語釋義academy&academic搭配義insist英語釋義“過而不改，是謂過矣”，這句孔子的名言出自《論語·衛(wèi)靈公》，意思是：有過錯卻不加以改正，這才是真正的過錯！commit&committed同根詞：

admit:

ad-(to去)+mit(toletgo,send放行、送)→容許……進入

permit:per-

(through通過)+mit(tosend送)→送其過去使通過→許可；準許

transmit:

trans-(across越過)

+mit(tosend送)→輸送；傳送commit詞源解讀commit:

com-(together一起)+

mit(tosend送)→將人送去承擔義務等

→（使）承擔義務；（使）作出保證commitv

vt

犯（錯誤、罪行等）to

dosthwrongorillegal：commitmurder/acrime/amistakeSmokingiscommittingsuicideslowly.

vi&vt（使）承擔義務；（使）作出保證tomakeadefiniteagreementorpromisetodosth：TheworldhasalreadycommittedtoestablishingaClimateAdaptationFund.

2008上海改①commitoneselfto(doing)sth:Atalentedscientistwellknownforhiscommitmenttohiscountry,HuangDaniancommittedhimselftohisresearchingeophysics.②commitoneselftodosth:Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictspeacefully.SMOKINGKILLS

vt投入tospendmoneyortimeonsth/sb：commitsthto(doing)sth:commitanhourtoreadingthenewspaperseverymorningcommittedadj

盡心盡力的；堅定的：acommittedmemberoftheteamHelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticingit.2017江蘇academy&academic詞源：在希臘神話中有一位絕世美女海倫，少女的時候，她被來自雅典的英雄忒修斯劫走。海倫的兩個哥哥來到雅典，要求歸還自己的妹妹，并威脅要動用武力。正在這危急時刻，一個名叫阿卡德摩斯（Akademos）的農(nóng)夫告訴了他們海倫的位置。兩兄弟很快就奪回了自己的妹妹。而Akademos也因為使雅典避免了一場戰(zhàn)爭而成為英雄，得到神靈的庇佑，他的橄欖樹林年年豐收。這片橄欖樹林也因此得名Akademeia。

后來，哲學家柏拉圖在這片橄欖樹林里創(chuàng)建了學園。人們將他的學園也稱為Akademeia。英語單詞academy就來源于柏拉圖創(chuàng)建的Akademeia學園。原本專指柏拉圖所創(chuàng)建的學園，但后來詞義進一步擴充，泛指各種學術(shù)研究性機構(gòu)。

（某一領(lǐng)域的）研究院；學會：ChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)

專科學校；（尤指音樂、軍事）學院：apolice/militaryacademyanacademyofmusic

（美國的）私立學校academyn[C]academic

adj［常用于名詞前］

學校的；學院的connectedwiththeeducationalactivitiesofschools,collegesanduniversities：theofficeofacademicaffairs

anacademicdegree/qualificationthestartofthenewacademicyear

學術(shù)的connectedwithstudyingfrombooks,oppositetopracticalskills：academicsubjects

Beingunabletouseacomputermakesitmoredifficultforhimtodohisacademicresearch.2010湖北n[C]大學教師academicallyadv

學術(shù)上；學業(yè)上：Infact,readingearlyhasverylittletodowithwhetherachildissuccessfulacademically.2012上海【詞匯拓展】愛讀英文小說的同學們，一定對上圖中的話不陌生。這是英國著名小說家簡·奧斯汀

(Jane

Austen)所著的長篇小說《傲慢與偏見》(PrideandPrejudice)的開篇第一句，譯成中文是：凡是有錢的單身漢，總想娶位太太，這已經(jīng)成了一條舉世公認的道理。acknowledgeacknowledge詞源解讀：a-（處于）+c（無意義）+knowledge（知道）→處于知道的狀態(tài)→承認(基本義)acknowledgevt

承認toacceptoradmitthatsthistrueorexists：acknowledgeone’serrorHeisacknowledgedas/tobe

oneofthegreatestpianists.Theyacknowledged(tous)thattheyweredefeated.“承認”某事是對的或存在的，比admit正式

向……打招呼；對……做出反應toshowthatyouhaveseenornoticedsb/sthorreceivedsth：Iwasstandingrightnexttoher,butshedidn’tevenacknowledgeme.Heacknowledgedthegreetingwithanod.

（公開）感謝topubliclyexpressthanksforhelpyouhavebeengiven：IshouldliketoacknowledgeallthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyfamily.“承認”看到某人或某物“承認”獲得別人的幫助acknowledgementn[C]&[U]承認；確認；[常用復數(shù)]鳴謝有些英文書的正文前或正文后有一頁Acknowledgements，可翻譯成“致謝；感謝；鳴謝”。承認（基本義）向……打招呼；對……做出反應承認承認某事是對的或者存在的承認看到某人或某物acknowledge

語義網(wǎng)絡圖承認獲得別人的幫助（公開）感謝defeat挫敗并不是最糟糕的失敗，不去嘗試才是真正的失敗。defeatvt

擊??；戰(zhàn)勝(beat)：defeatanenemyOurteamwasnarrowlydefeatedinthefinal.

使（計劃、希望等）落空；使受挫tostopsthfrombeingsuccessful：Don’tletyourarmsrelaxasthatwoulddefeattheobject/purposeof

theexercise.n

[C]&[U]擊?。粦?zhàn)?。皇。簊ufferadefeatacknowledge/admit/acceptdefeatinsist詞源解讀：in-(upon在……之上)+sist(tostand站)→站在自己的立場上→堅決要求；堅持認為同根詞：assist:as-(to到)+sist(tostand站)→站到某人身邊→幫助；協(xié)助resist:

re-(against對抗)+sist(tostand站)

→站起來對抗→抗拒；抵抗insistvt&vi

堅持；堅決要求todemandthatsthshouldhappen：—Whydon’tyoucallthemuptoday?—OK,ifyouinsist.①insiston/upon(doing)sth:TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.人教新選必①–1

②insist+(that)…(should)dosth:Heinsisted(that)theproblem(should)bediscussedatthemeeting.

堅持說；堅持認為tosayfirmlythatsthistrue,especiallywhenothersdon’tbelieveyou：①insistonsth:Heinsistedonhisinnocence.②insist+(that)從句：Heinsistedthathewasright.注：insist表示“堅持”和“堅決要求”時，that從句中用虛擬語氣；而表示“堅持說”和“堅持認為”時則不用。1.Helovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticingit.2017江蘇2.IshouldliketoacknowledgeallthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyfamily.3.Ourteamwasnarrowlydefeatedinthefinal.本單元金句匯總隨堂檢測commit&committed一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Thisisamanwhohascommittedacrime.____________2.Thereareunconfirmedreportsthathetriedtocommitsuicide. ____________3.Thegovernmentmustcommititselftoimprovinghealthcare. ____________4.Alotofmoneyhasbeencommittedtothisproject.____________犯罪自殺承諾/保證投入二、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Volunteersneedto______________(commit),patientandsensitivetoothers.（2014廣東）2.TheycalledonWesternnationstocommitmoremoney_________thepoorestnations.3.Thegovernmentiscommittedto____________(achieve)equalrightsforwomen.be

committedtoachievingacademy&academic寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Weneedtodevelopbridgesbetweenacademicresearchandpractice.____________2.Theuniversityiscomposedoffiveacademicschools.____________3.ThemeetingwaschairedbyaleadingJapaneseacademic.____________4.Hegraduatedfromanacademyofmusic

inhisearlydays.____________5.Thelecturewasgivenundertheauspices（主辦）oftheAcademyofSciences.____________學院的學者學術(shù)的音樂學院科學院acknowledge一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Heacknowledgesthatwhenhe’stiredhegetsbad-tempered. ____________2.Wewishtoacknowledgethesupportoftheuniversity. ____________3.Hewaved,acknowledgingtheapplause._____________承認感謝對……做出回應30二、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Itiswidely________________(acknowledge)thatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.（2014福建）2.Thefilmfestivalisacknowledged__________aneventofinternationalimportance.3.Sheisusuallyacknowledged____________(be)oneofourbestartists.4.Theflowerswereasmall________________(acknowledge)ofyourkindness.astobeacknowledgedacknowledgement寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Sixmonthsaftersufferingourdefeatonthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,