2024北京昌平區(qū)高三（上）期末英語試題及答案

2024北京昌平高三（上）期末英語本試卷共頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必在答題卡區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenHalloweenarrives,youknowthereisboundtobesomemischief(惡作劇).SoIentirelysurprisedwhenIopenedmyfrontdoornighttoseemycandybowlcompletely—andverysuddenly—1.bethiswasaftersomelightrain2thestreetofmosttrick-or-treatersandtheyoungesthadalreadymadetherounds.Ineversawwhotookit,butIshout“HappyHalloween!”intothenightacandytheftideal?Nope.But,weallmake3—especiallykids.What4mewaswhatappearedinfrontofmydoorthenextevening:aplasticbagfilledwiththelostStucktoitwasthefollowinghandwrittennote:“Hello,IamthekidthattookallofyourAfterthinkingitoverIwantto5.Becauseitwaslateandnooneelsewasout,IthoughtitwasOK.Itwasnot.Itookthecandyyousaiditwas6.So,IamandI’dliketogivethecandyback.Maybeyoucangiveittoakidis7.”AtinyHalloweenmiracle!Ihaveneverbeenprouderofakidwhomine.Iassumeaparenthadsomethingtodowiththissuddenreflective8,butI’llneverknowforsure.WhatIdohopeisthatthiskidknowshowgooditcanfeelto9awrong.Ihopetheythinkthey’rebad—simplythattheymadeanot-so-greatchoice.Theydodeservetogettheirfillandhavefunandrunwild.10,nextyearthey’llcomebackformore.1.A.empty2.A.3.A.decisions4.A.delight5.A.B.B.clearedB.changesB.C.C.C.choicesC.surpriseC.C.dirtyB.B.finecomplain6.A.第1頁/共14頁7.A.deserving8.A.turnB.daringC.C.approachC.amusingtripB.B.9.A.10.A.NormallyB.HopefullyC.UndoubtedlyAmazingly第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。ALastmonth,studentselementaryschool,withthehelptheirart(create)atelephonehotlinethatpeoplecancalltogetcheerfuladvicefromkidsduringtimes.Thehotlinewasavailable12EnglishandSpanish.Itthehappyvoicesofchildrenofages13(share)positivemessages.Forexample,bypressing3,youcanhearagroupofkindergartnerssayingtogether:candoit!Keeptrying,giveup!”BEcosiaisasearchenginethatplantstreesbydonatingmajorityof14(it)profittoenvironmentalorganizations.Inreturn,thenon-profitorganizationsusedthefundtoplanttreesintheplaces15theyareneededthemost.everysearchyoumakethroughEcosia,you’rehelpingaglobalcommunitythat16(focus)onreforestationandforestconservation.over7millionEcosiausers,thecompanyhasalreadyplantedovermilliontrees.AsinternetuserscontinuetosearchonlineonEcosia,thisnumber17(expect)toincreaseoverthecoursetime.CCitywalk,auniquewaytoexperienceurbancultureandlifestyle,ismanyyoungstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcitywalkswereledbyprofessionalguides,followingplannedroutesthroughcityneighborhoods19(gain)insightsintolocalculture,andarchitecture.recentversionsofcitywalksinChinahavetakenonamorecasualapproach.Theyinvolvewandering20(aimless)aroundthevisitingscenicspots,andcapturing捕捉)moments.Infact,simply“walkinginthe第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheCommonProgram(TCYWP)welcomesschoolstudentspassionateaboutcreativewritingtojoinvirtualclassesfortwoinspiringweeksdedicatedtofictionwriting.Students第2頁/共14頁willlearnandexperimentwiththekeybuildingblocksoffictionandbeguidedthroughtheprocessofwritingandrevisingtheirownshortstories.Attheendtheprogram,studentswillmoreconfidentintheirskillsandmoreconnectedtoasupportivewritingbytheeditorsandeditorialassistantsofAmherstliterarymagazine,thesummercourserunMonday-Fridayandareopentoallhighschoolstudents.FictionClassOurfictionclassguidesstudentsthroughtheprocessofwritingashortNopreviouswritingexperienceisThroughdailywritingassignmentsandclassmeetings,studentswilllearnaboutthekeybuildingblocksoffictionandwilleachcompletetheirownshortstorybytheendofthecourse.Inadditiontosubmittingdailyassignments,studentswillmeetasagroupwithourinstructorsonline.Studentswillalsomeetindividuallywithaninstructortodiscusstheirownshortstories,andwillnotonlyreceivewrittenfeedbackontheirfirstdraftsandfinalstories,onalldailyassignments.Studentsshouldexpecttospendaround3-4hourseachontheirassignments,includingmeetingtimes.Classsizewillbesmall,andwe’llbreakintosmallgroupsfordiscussionsduringeachsession.Cost&ScholarshipsThecostoftheTCYWPtwo-weekprogramis$725.hopethatnostudentwillletfinancialdifficultypreventthemfromapplying.waivers(學(xué)費減免)willbeawardedtostudentswithstrongapplicationswhocannotattendtheprogramwithoutfinancialassistance.Intheapplication,studentswillhavetheopportunitytobrieflydescribetheirfinancialcircumstancesandstatetheamounttheycouldtoififacceptedintotheprogram.Nodocumentationisrequired.Contactusatinfo@,thereisanyquestion.21.ParticipantsoftheCommonProgramwill______.A.attendavirtuallearningcourseB.meetgreatwritersfromcollegesC.becomepassionateaboutwritingD.gainconfidenceinwritingreports22.IntheFictionClass,studentsneedto______.A.completeawritingassignmenteverydayB.discusstheirownstoryinagroupmeetingC.provetheyhavepreviouswritingexperienceD.spendmorethan4hoursontheirassignments23.Whichisarequirementforthetuitionwaiver?A.RecommendationfromtheTCYWPoffice.B.Certificateoftheacademicachievement.第3頁/共14頁C.Documentstoprovetheneedoffinancialhelp.D.Applicationtoexplainthefinancialdifficulties.BMybirthalittlemoredramaticthanthestandardwayababyenterstheworld.minutesofcomingout,Iwasbroughtintoanotherroomwhiledoctorsgavemyparentsthedifficultnews:Iwasbornmissingmylefthand.I’msurewasquitedifficultforthem.Myparentstookgoodcareofme.Iplayedsports,actedinstoodoutinschool,participatedinstudentgovernmentandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidsomestaresand“polite”questionsaboutmyIamluckybecauseImadefunformylimb肢體)difference.Askidsdo,Iquicklylearnedtoadapt,workingaroundthe“missing”hand.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimoutofthewaybecausehistwo-handedmethodworkforme,andIfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.thatfactthatIwasdifferenthithardmyfirstofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-consciousandthedemandtofitinincreases.Iremembergettingontheyellowschoolbusandoneoftheotherkidsstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Thestaringdiscouragedmeinawayitneverhadbefore,andIfeltasuddentohidemyhand,Iimpulsively(沖動地)slippeditintomypocket.ItoldmyselfthatI’djusthideitthatwhileIwastryingtomakefriends.Butoneofhidingturnedintoaweek,whichturnedintoamonth,whichbecameyears—25themtobeexact.ofhidingandsothetransformationprocesscametome.Istartedwithphysicalcare.AndwhenIwas38yearsold,Imetsomeonespecialandinvitedthemin.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyholdlimb,lookatit,takepicturesofit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Fromthatpointon,Isawmylimbassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Hidingthings,especiallyfromlovedones,isexhaustingandhurting,anditpreventsusfromgettinghelpandsupport.Unhidingcansetyoufree.24.Whentheauthorwasakid,shefeltherlimbwas.A.meaningfulB.inconvenientC.specialD.acceptable25.Whydidtheauthordecidetohideherhand?A.Shewaslaughedatonthebus.B.Shefeltafraidscaringothers.C.Shebecamesensitiveatthatage.D.Shegotdiscouragedher26.Theauthorstartedtransformationinherbecause______.A.herhandwastouchedandloved第4頁/共14頁B.shereceivedausefulphysicalcareC.someonespecialcameintoherlifeD.shehadadesiretomakeachange27.Whatwelearnfromthispassage?A.Familyloveisimportantforourgrowth.B.Stoppinghidingopensupanewworld.C.isthebestcureforabrokenheart.D.Innerbeautymattersmorethanappearance.CDroughtisincreasingprobleminourwarmingworld.Allcontinentshavebeenexperiencingmoreextendedperiodswithoutrain,leadingtoforestfiresandpoorcropgrowth.peoplearelookingatcloudseedingtosolvetheproblem—amethodofencouragingprecipitation(降水)bysendingsmallparticlescertainchemicalsintoclouds.Cloud-seedingexpertArlenHugginshasbeenstudyingitseffectiveness.“Myearliestexperiencewastousecloudseedingtoreducetheamountofhail()innortheastColorado.haveanyluckwiththat,butwehadsuccesslateroninincreasingsnowfallinUtah.thefocusisshiftingtowardsincreasingrainfallfromsummerclouds,whichisfarmoreunpredictable.”saidhe.Theproblemisthatprettyhardtoknowwhetherprecipitationresulteddirectlyfromcloudseeding.ItmighthaverainedorsnowedEvenifcloudinoneplaceandinimpossibletoknowforsurewhatcausedtheprecipitation.Also,notduringfoggyandsnowyconditionsthatpeoplethinkofincreasingthechanceofrainfall.Whenacountryishitbydrought,cloudseedinganoptionduetothelackofclouds.Duringdrought,skiestendbeclearwithfewclouds.ThebestoptiontopreventdroughtistoseedattimesoftheyearwhenrainfalllevelsarenormalorThatslightlymoreraincanstoredthedryseason.Ascloudseedingisexpensiveanditseffectivenesstenuous,itsusefulnessisstillamatteropinion.UniversityofColoradoresearcherKatjaFriedrichsayscloudseedingendadrought.itcanbebeneficial,provideditoccursalongsideotherwaterconservationstrategies.Still,forthattohappen,thewaterwouldneedtobecapturedandstoredTherearealsoenvironmentalissuesregardingtheimpactofcloudseeding.Athighlevels,thechemicalssentintothecloudscanharmhumansandotheranimals,andsomestudieshavefoundthemslightlypoisonous.Apartfromthat,someenvironmentalistsareconcernedaboutthelong-termimpacts,astheredataonmuchthosechemicalsaccumulate(累積)intheenvironmentover10years.Anotherfearisthatcloudseedingcouldpotentiallystealwaterfromneighbouringareasbyencouragingthewaterincloudsthatwouldotherwisefallsomewhereelsetofallinyourlocation.If第5頁/共14頁onecountryusescloudseedingtocreaterain,aneighbouringcountrywillalsobeverylikelytoloseoutbecausecloudsareconstantlyformingandreforming.28.InHuggins’firstcloudseedingwasusedtoA.increaseannualsnowfallinUtah.B.sendchemicalsintosummercloudsC.lowertheamounthailinColoradoD.putoutforestfireshelpcropsgrow29.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtenuousinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.Negative.B.C.Surprising.D.30.thebesttitleofthepassage?A.Shouldweseedcloudstomakerain?B.Shouldweseedcloudsatalowerprice?C.Cancloudseedinghelpendadrought?D.Cancloudseedingbemoreeco-friendly?DWhatdoesitmeantointelligent?Ifdefinedbyhavingthebiggestbrain,thenspermwhales—whosebrainis20pounds—wouldbethebrightestcreaturesonEarth.But,moreintelligenceiswhatgivesanthebestchancetosurviveinanenvironment.Languagemaybeoneofthebestwaystodemonstratethatkindofsmarts.Thoughallanimalscancommunicatewithothers,humansareoneofthefewspeciestohaveaspokenlanguage.Usingspeech,wecouldsharecomplexideas,passknowledgethroughgenerations,andcreatecommunities.Whetherspokenlanguageactuallyhelpedusevolve(進化)asspeciesintomoreadvancedbeings,hasneverreallybeentested.“Languageallowinghumanstobeamoreadvancedspeciesisanassumptionthatsomebodycameupwithonedaywithoutreallytryingtoproveit,”saysErichJarvis,aprofessorwhostudiestheneurobiologyofvocallearning.ButJarvisandhiscolleagueswereabletoexaminethisassumptionwiththehelpofsongbirds.Jarvis’newstudyprovidessomeofthefirstevidencethatvocallearning—oneofthecrucialcomponentsforaspokenlanguage—isassociatedwithproblem-solving.learningistheabilitytoproducenewsoundsbyimitating模仿)others,relyingonexperienceratherthaninstinct.getabettergraspofvocallearningandcognition(認(rèn)知),thestudyauthorsturnedtosongbirds.Theteamperformedsevencognitiveexperimentson214songbirdsfrom23differentspecies.Ofthese,21specieswerecaughtfromthewild.songbirdsstudiedaredomesticated.behavioraltestsexaminedthebirds’problemsolving,forinstancebyfiguringouthowtoremoveanobjecttoaccess第6頁/共14頁thefoodreward.Theresearchersalsotestedtwootherskillsoftenassociatedwithintelligence:learningbyassociation,pluscalledreversal(倒轉(zhuǎn)的)learning,inwhichananimaladjustsitsbehaviortogetareward.Theythenlookedatwhetherbeingvocallearnershelpeddevelopthethreeskills,comparingbirdspeciestotwoothers,whichwerevocalnon-learners.Thebiologistsnoticedastrongrelationshipbetweenvocallearningandproblem-solvingskills.learningbirdspeciescouldcomeupwithinnovativeideas,suchgettingseeds,oratrappedunderacupbyremovingtheobstacleorpullingitapart.threeabilities—problemsolving,associativelearning,andreversallearning—aretypicallyconsidered“componentsofintelligence,”hesays.Brainsizewasanotherbenefittovocallearningthatmayhavesupportedtheseproblem-solvingabilities.21vocal-learningspecieshadslightlybrains,relativetotheirbodysize,thanthetwowhoJarvissayspossiblethesebig-headedbirdspackedmoreneurons.Onequestionleftunanswerediswhysuchastrongrelationshipbetweenproblem-solvingabilitiesandvocallearning.Thebrainareasinofvocallearningarenotthesameonesthatgetactivatedweneedtotroubleshootanissue,saysJarvis.31.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto______.A.promoteanewtheoryC.presentanassumptionB.anexampleD.makeacontrast32.WhydoesJarviscarryoutthestudy?A.examinetheproblem-solvingabilityofsongbirds.B.provethesignificanceofvocallearningtohumans.C.illustratetheinfluenceofbrainsizeonvocallearning.D.testtherelationbetweenvocallearningandintelligence.33.Whatdoweknowfromthestudyonsongbirds?A.Advancedspeciesbetterproblem-solvingB.learnershaveabetterdevelopmentintelligence.C.Betterproblem-solvingabilityleadstobiggerbrainsize.D.Humansandsongbirdsarebothgoodatvocallearning.34.caninferthatfuturestudywillfocuson________.A.humans’problem-solvingabilitiesdevelopbetterB.howotherabilitiesareconnectedtosongbirds’intelligenceC.howproblem-solvingandvocallearningbrainareasarerelatedD.whyvocallearningexistinvarioussongbirdsspecies第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小2分，共10分）第7頁/共14頁根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文題后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。GetComfortableGivingHonestFeedbackShouldyoucautiouslytellacoworkerbeenmispronouncinganame?Orwouldyoutellsomeoneaboutthepieceofvegetableleftinhisteeth?35Recentresearchfindsthatacommoncognitiveerrormayhelpexplainwhy—andthatasimpleapproachcouldhelpovercomeit.Infiveexperiments,studyparticipantstookpartinreal-timeinteractionsinwhichtheygaveorreceivedfeedback.Thosewhogavefeedbackestimatedhowmuchtheotherpersonwantedtohearawell-intentionedcriticism;receiversreportedtheiractualdesireforconstructivecritiques.36miscalculationwasparticularlyobviouswhenthefeedbackwasconsideredratheressentialfortheresult,wellasthosetheinformationpredictedthatdoingsowouldbesociallyuncomfortable,eitherforthemselvesorfortheTheunderestimationislikelyduetoahumantendencytoascribe(歸因)differentmotivesanddesirestoothersthanwedotoourselves,saysHarvarddoctoralstudentNicoleAbi-Esber,whoauthoredthePeopletendtofeedbackforthemselves,buttheyunderestimatehowmuchotherswantit,too.37Skippingconstructivecriticismcouldhaveconsequences.Inthesubjectswereaskedtoengageinapublic-speakingcontest.Thefeedback-givers,again,underestimatedthespeakers’desireforconstructivecriticism.thatshowedthemostimprovement.38itwasthespeakerswhoheardmorecriticalfeedbackIsitpossibletoovercomethisandgetbetteratgivingfeedbackwhenmostneeded?39asecondandimagineyouaretheotherperson,”Abi-Esbersuggests.Ifyou’dwantfeedback,likelytheotherpersonfeelsthesame—andmightevenbegratefulthatyoutookthetimetospeakup.A.Theychosetogivethempraisesinstead.B.Aquickrole-exchangingexercisecouldmovetheneedle.C.ItcanalsohelpidentifypotentialproblemsbeforetheyD.Thereasonisthatthey’reputtingthemselvesintheothershoes.E.HowyouaskforfeedbackmaystopyoufromhearingwhatyouneedtoManypeoplehesitatetosuchhonestcriticismevenwhenthebenefitsseemobvious.Feedback-giversalwaysunderestimatedhowmuchotherswantedtohearhelpfulcriticism.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，分)第8頁/共14頁第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Whenadvisingchildrenandadolescentswhoarelearningtoregulatetheiremotions,expertsexplainthathowtheythinktheyfeel.Afterchildrenlearntousesomebasictechniquestoregulatetheiremotions,agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.peoplestarttonoticethepowertheycanfeelintheirmindschangingtheirthoughtpatterns.“Ibelievethatchangingourthinkingpatternshelpsengagedifferentpartsofthebrain,”saidRanD.theauthorChangingLiveswithHypnosis:AJourneytothe“Forinstance,wemayfindourselveshabituallythinkinginaparticularwaythatpredictablymakesusfeelforexampleanxious,orsad.PeoplecanbecomeangrytheyfeelthattheyhavebeentreatedpoorlyorhavenotgottentheirTheangeroccursbecausethepersonfocusestheperceived(察覺到的)injustice.Whenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.”Forinstance,14-year-old“Sarah”becameangrywithherparentsforrestrictingheruseofsocialmedia.Whilediscussingwhyherparentsdidso,Sarahrecognizedthattheywereattemptingtoprotectherfromsomeoftheillofoverusingsocialmedia.Sarahletgoherswitchedfromthinkingaboutherfrustrationwithparents’restrictionsandinsteadfocusedherthoughtsonhowtosolvethedilemma困境)regardingheroverusesocialmedia.Shewasabletorecognizethatherparentswerehervaluablefriendsratherthanheropponents.peopleexplaintothemselvesandothersthattheirpoormoodisrelatedtounfortunatecircumstances.Whileholdingsuchabelief,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakeofimprovingtheirfeelings.asdemonstratedinthispost,ouremotionalresponsetounfortunatecircumstancescanbebroughtunderourcontrolandimprovedthroughachangeinourthinkingpatterns.Sometimes,thatchangecanevenhelpusfigurenewwaystoactthatalsowillimproveoursituation.40.Whathappensafterchildrenregulatetheiremotion?41.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofSarahinthe3rdparagraph?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitexplainPeoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstances,sotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood.43.Besideschangingthinkingpatterns,doyouhaveotherway(s)tocontrolyouremotions?(Inabout40words)第9頁/共14頁第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，近期你的英國筆友Jim得知你的學(xué)校上周舉辦了“長城之約”(AdatewiththeGreat主題文化宣傳活動，來信詢問你活動的詳情，請給他寫一封郵件介紹相關(guān)情況。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動目的；2.活動內(nèi)容。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第10頁/14頁參考答案第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）1．A6．B2．B7．A3．D8．A4．C9．D5．C10.B第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）．created12.in13.sharing14.its15.where19.togain20.aimlessly16.focuses17.isexpected18.what評分原則1.寫出正確答案的同時，如出現(xiàn)影響理解的冗余信息，不得分；如不影響理解，不扣分。2.大小寫扣0.5分。3.拼寫錯誤不得分。4.語態(tài)考點里如出現(xiàn)時態(tài)錯誤，不得分。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共28分）21．A26．D31．C22．A27．B32．D23．D28．C33．D24．D29．B34．C25．C30．A第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）35．F36．G37．D38．A第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）39．B第一節(jié)（共4小題；第1-2題每小題2分，第3小題3分，第4題5分，共12分）40.Agreatersenseinternalcontrolarises.內(nèi)容：意義忠實于原文，表達內(nèi)容完整2分。語言不完整扣1分，語言表達與試題答案無關(guān)或者關(guān)聯(lián)性較小0分。語言：準(zhǔn)確、連貫。語言表達有少量錯誤，但不影響理解，扣1分。語言質(zhì)量影響理解給0分。41.showwhenshiftthinking,canmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.TheauthormentionstheexampleSaratoshowwhenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.內(nèi)容：意義忠實于原文，表達內(nèi)容完整2分。語言不完整扣1分，語言表達與試題答案無關(guān)或者關(guān)聯(lián)性較小0分。語言：準(zhǔn)確、連貫2分。語言表達有少量錯誤，但不影響理解，扣1分。語言質(zhì)量影響理解給0分。42.一、劃線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃線Peoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstanc