河北省張家口市2020-2021學(xué)年高二年級上冊期中英語試題

2020-2021學(xué)年第一學(xué)期階段測試卷

高二英語

注意事項：

1.本試卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。

2.請將各題答案填在答題卡上。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時

間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Wherearethetwospeakersgoing?

A.Toarestaurant.

B.Toazoo.

C.Toashop.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:TheGoldenLionsoundslikeagoodplacetoeatin.

W:OK.Lefsgothere.Iheartheyhavegoodservice.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Howdoesthemanprobablygoshopping?

A.Onfoot.

B.Bycar.

C.Bybike.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Idon'thavetogoshoppingbycarnow.Theshoppingcenteriswithinwalkingdistance.

M:Well,you'relucky.Istillgobycar.TheneareststoreIcangotoisabouttwomilesaway.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whydoesthewomanwanttogetthecoat?

A.Shelikesitscolorverymuch.

B.Thepriceisreasonable.

C.Itisonsalenow.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Doyoulikethiscoat,orshallItaketheblueone?

M:Ilikebothofthem,butIthinktheblueonefitsyoubetter.

W:OK.Tilgettheblueone.Ifslessexpensiveanyway.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?

A.Sheislisteningtothemusic.

B.Sheisfixingtheradio.

C.Sheisworking.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatisthatyouarelisteningto?Itistoonoisy.Ican'tconcentrateonmywork.

M:Noproblem.Icanswitchovertosomethinglighter.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

A.Themotherfinallyallowshersontohitch-hike.

B.Thesonwillgowithouthismother*spermission.

C.Themotherfinallydoesn'tallowhersontohitch-hike.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Hey,Mom.I'mthinkingofhitch-hikingaroundEuropethissummer.Whatdoyou

think?

W:Hitch-hiking?Thatsoundsdangerous!Youshouldn'tgobyyourself.Yououghttogowitha

friend.

M:Yes,Ihavethoughtofthat.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你

將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時

間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Whoarethespeakers?

A.Apasser-byandadriver.

B.Apassengerandataxi-driver.

C.Apasser-byandapoliceman.

7.Whatisthewoman'shousenumber?

A.1323.

B.3023.

C.4023.

8.Whycan'tthemanturnleft?

A.Itisrushhour.

B.Itisaone-waystreet.

C.Thestreetisnarrow.

【答案】6.B7.B8.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Excuseme,butIthinkyou'vemadeawrongturn.Youweresupposedtoturnlefton

WilsonBoulevard.

M:Oh,Iamsorry.Didn'tyousay1323Wilson?

W:No,3023.ItisOKthough.Youdon'thavetotakemethere.Icanwalkfromhere.

M:Whydon'tIjustmakeaU-tumthere?Ifsaone-waystreet;seethesignupahead.MaybeifIturn

lefthere,Icancomedownthenextstreet.

W:Wecan'tdothatduringrushhourreally,thoughitwon,tbemuchtrouble.Sometimesonecan

wait30minutesforataxi,soI'mhappytogetthisclose.

M:30minutes!I'vebeenridingaroundalldaylookingforpassengers.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

9.Whattimedoesthemanstophisworkthisweek?

AAt10:00a.m.everyday.

B.At11:00p.m.everyday.

C.About10:00everynight.

10.Wheredidtheman'sbrothergoonhisbusinesstrip?

A.TheStateofLouisiana.

B.AsouthernstateofAmerica.

C.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

11.Howsoonwillhisbrothercomeback?

A.Inanotherweek.

B.Inafewmoreweeks.

C.Insevenweeks.

【答案】9.C10.C11.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Whafsthematter,Bill?Youlookkindofpale.

M:Oh,Pmjusttired.

W:Why?

M:Well,I'vebeenworkinguntilaroundteneverynightthisweek.

W:Youshouldgohomeatquittingtimetodayandtakeiteasy.

M:Yes.IthinkIwill.

W:Thafsgood.Say,how'syourbrother?

M:He'sfine,butheisawfullybusy.HewenttotheStatesonabusinesstriptwoweeksago.

W:Oh,really?Ishebackyet?

M:No,hewon'tcomebackforseveralmoreweeks.

W:Wow!Hemusthavealottodothere.

M:Yes,hedoes.

W:IwanttobesureofthetimebecauseI'mgoingtomeetafriendatfiveo'clocksharp.

M:Well,mywatchsays4:30,andthattimeshouldberight.Isetitwiththeradioyesterday.

W:Good.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

12.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?

A.TheTownHall.

B.TheEastTownMali.

C.Theairport.

13.Whichtwoplacesareclosetoeachother?

A.TheTownHallandtheairport.

B.TheEastTownMallandtheairport.

C.TheEastTownMallandtheTownHall.

14.Whatwillthewomanseeonthewaytoherdestination?

A.Abighospital.

B.EastStreet.

C.TheTownHall.

【答案】12.B13.B14.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Excuseme!

M:Yes?

W:I'mafraidIamlost.I'mlookingfortheEastTownShoppingMall.

M:DidyousaytheTownHall?

W:No.TheEastTownMall.

M:TheEastMall?Youarelost!Thatisn'tanywherenearhere!TheEastTownMallisovernearthe

airport.

W:Tmnotneartheairportnow?

M:Oh,no!Youareontheothersideoftown.Hereiswhatyoushoulddo.Turnaroundanddrive

twoorthreemilesdownthisstreet.Whenyouseeabighospitalonyourright,turnleft.Thafs

BloomfieldAvenue.Areyoufollowingme?

W:Yes,Ithinkso.

M:OK.ThendrivealongBloomfieldAvenueandyou511seetheairportontherightandthemallis

ontheleft.Okay?

W:Yes,thanksverymuch.

M:Goodluck!

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

15.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthefootballtraining?

A.Hardandboring.

B.Excitingandfunny.

C.Strictandlong.

16.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothedialogue?

A.Themanissurethattheirteamwillwinthecup.

B.TheNorthernCityteamwillsurelywinthecup.

C.Theman'steamwillsurelyscoreatleastfourgoalsinthematch.

17.Whendoesthedialoguemostprobablytakeplace?

A.Duringthefootballtraining.

B.Afterthemanscoredagoal.

C.Beforeanimportantfootballmatch.

【答案】15.A16.A17.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Now,David,whatdoyoulikebestaboutbeingafootballstar?

M:Well,IlovetohearthecheeringwhenI'mplaying,especiallywhenIscoreagoal.And,of

course,thepayisgood.Butyouknow,themostimportantthinginfootballisteamwork.SoImust

thankallmyteammates.

W:Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourtraining?

M:Well,wetrainveryhard,especiallybeforeabiggame.Theteamhastostaytogetheronthe

road-sometimesforweeks-andIfinditveryboring.

W:Doyougetnervous?

M:Beforethegame,yes,butnotduringit.

W:Areyouworriedabouttomorrow'sgame?

M:No.Evenifwelosewe'llprobablystillgetthecup.Yousee,wescoredmoregoalsthan

NorthernCity,sothey911havetowinbyatleastfourgoalsiftheywantthecup.Idon'tthinktheycan

doit.

W:Thankyouandgoodlucktomorrow.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

18.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Foreignstudents.

B.BeautifulsceneryintheUSA.

C.AnoverseasEnglishLanguageSchool.

19.Whyisitbettertostaywiththelocalfamilies?

A.Itischeaperandsafer.

B.Youcanhavemorechancetoenjoydaytrips.

C.Youcanhavemoretimetotalkwithnativespeakers.

20.Whatcanthestudentsdoatschool?

A.Learnhowtodohousework.

B.ImprovetheirEnglishandhavefun.

C.Learnhowtolivecomfortablyabroad.

【答案】18.C19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】Ifyoudon'thaveanyplansforyournextvacation,howaboutgoingtoanoverseasEnglish

LanguageSchool,forexample,intheUSAortheUK?Manyschoolsoffershortcoursesforstudents

ofallages,fromseventoseventyyearsold!Thereareschoolsinsmallcountrytowns,oncollege

campuses,orinthemiddleofthecity.

Foreignstudentscanstayinschoolbuildingsorwithlocalfamilies.Livingwithafamilycanbe

funandcanreallyhelpyoulearn.Justthink-you511getatleasttwohoursadayhavingdinnersand

conversationswithnativeEnglishspeakers!

Classesareusuallysmall,with8to10students.Onmostafternoonsyou'llhaveachoiceof

swimming,soccerorotheroutdoorgames.Theschoolsalsoarrangeactivitieslikedaytripsto

museumsandamusementparks.You511haveachancetoimproveyourEnglishandhavefirnatthe

sametime!

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Itwasaharvestyearforwomenactivists.Herearefourinspiringwomenin2018.

JosephineMajani

InAugust2013.JosephineMajanicametoahardhallwayfloorintheBungomaDistrict

Hospital.Sheheardnursesyelling.Shewashelpless.Majanihasnomemoryofbeingslapped（掌

摑），butwhensheregainedconsciousnesshercheeksstung.Herexperiencewascapturedonvideo.

InFebruaryofthisyear,thecourtissuedalandmarkrulingawardingMajani$25,000,

requiringthathospitalstaffformallyapologizetoheranddemandedwomenbegivenqualitycare

andtreatedwithdignityduringchildbirth.

ManKaur

ManKauris101,butherroutinecouldtiremost20s.Everydayshewakesupat4:00a.m.,

bathes,washesclothes,makestea,recitesprayersuntilabout7:00a.m.Andthenshegoestothe

trackforanhourofsprinting（短跑）practice.Andshe*snotjustdoingitforfun.Kaurisaworld

recordholderinheragegroup.Nowyoumaybethinking...isshereally101?

NadiaMurad

InAugust2014,NadiaMuradwasoneofthewomenwhowerecapturedbyISISandforced

intosexualslavery.Threemonthslater,sheescaped.Shehassharedherpainfulstorywith

internationalmediaoutletstoshowtheworldwhathappenedtoYazidis.Shehasbecomeavoicefor

captivewomenandgirlsintheprocess.In2018,shebecametheco-recipientoftheNobelPeace

Prize.

MariaGarciaRamos

MariaGarciaRamos,32,adisabilityactivistfromMexico,hasbeenusingawheelchairsince

shewas14duetoanillness.Sheadvocatespolicythatadvancerightsforwomenwithdisabilities.

Shesharesthebiggestmisunderstandingofpeoplewithdisabilities:"Peopleinstantlythinkthata

personwithdisabilitiesisbrokenormissingsomething.^^

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutManKaur?

A.Sheisnotreally101.

B.Shelivesanactivelife.

C.Shedoessprintingpracticeforfun.

D.Shereceivesanawardfromahospital.

22.WhooncewonaNobelprize?

A.JosephineMajani.

B.ManKaur.

C.NadiaMurad.

D.MariaGarciaRamos.

23.WhatisMariaGarciaRamos'biggestcontribution?

A.Sheinspiredotherwomentodotheimpossible.

B.Shemadeothersunderstandthedisabledbetter.

C.Shemadewomen5svoiceheardbytheoutsideworld.

D.Shedemandedqualityanddignityforwomenduringchildbirth.

【答案】21.B22.C23.B

【解析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2018年四位鼓舞人心的女性。

[21題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)ManKaur部分"Everydayshewakesupat4:00a.m?bathes,washesclothes,

makestea,recitesprayersuntilabout7:00a.m.Andthenshegoestothetrackforanhourof

sprinting（短跑）practice.Andshe'snotjustdoingitforfun.Kaurisaworldrecordholderinherage

group.（她每天早上4點起床，洗澡，洗衣服。她會泡茶，背誦禱文直到早上7點。然后她

會去跑道上進行一個小時的短跑練習(xí)。她這么做不只是為了好玩。Kaur是她那個年齡組的

世界紀(jì)錄保持者。）”可知，ManKaur過著一個積極的生活。故選B項。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NadiaMurad部分“In2018,shebecametheco-recipientoftheNobelPeace

Prize.（2018年，她成為諾貝爾和平獎的共同獲得者。）”可知，NadiaMurad獲得過諾貝爾

獎。故選C項。

[23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MariaGarciaRamos部分“Sheadvocatespolicythatadvancerightsfor

womenwithdisabilities.Shesharesthebiggestmisunderstandingofpeoplewithdisabilities:

“Peopleinstantlythinkthatapersonwithdisabilitiesisbrokenormissingsomething.^^（她提倡

促進殘疾婦女權(quán)利的政策。她分享了對殘疾人最大的誤解：“人們會立即認(rèn)為一個殘疾人是

破碎的或缺了什么東西。"）”可知，MariaGarciaRamos最大的貢獻(xiàn)是使其他人更好地了

解殘疾人。故選B項。

B

BorninPhiladelphiatheyoungestoffivechildren,Ruizgrewupinalovinghouseholdin

suburbanSouthJersey.Butthatisnotherfullstory.Ruiz'sfatherpassedawaywhenshewasthree,

leavinghermothertoraisethefivechildren.Thefamilymovedmorethanshe'dliketoremember

-threetimeswhenshewasin5thgradealone.

Thoughhermotherwasaworkingsingleparenttryingtosupportherownfamily,shedidn't

hesitatetohelpothers.Friendsarrivedneedingatemporaryplacetocrashandstayedindefinitely.

Ruiz'saunt,diagnosedwithcancer,movedinwiththefamilyafterhergraduationfromhighschool

andtheycaredforherthroughtheend.

RuizbecameanEMTandworkednightsinPhiladelphia,eventuallyenrollinginRowan

CollegeatGloucesterCounty,whereshesoughttodevelopherskillsasastoryteller.Ruizgotsuch

goodgradesatRCGCthatshewasofferedapartialscholarshiptostudyjournalismattheUniversity

ofMiamibutrealizingshecouldnotgetenoughtocovereverythingthescholarshipwouldn't,she

didn'tgotoMiami.SheappliedtoRowan.Shegraduatedwithtwodegrees-JournalismandRadio,

Television&,Film-fromtheCollegeofCommunication&.CreativeArts.

Lastfall,RuizjoinedthestaffofRowanRadio89.7WGLS-FMwhereshequicklybecame

newsdirectorandthisspringbegananinternshipwiththeElvisDuranandtheMorningShow,a

nationallysyndicatedradioprograminNewYorkCity.TheDuranprogramexposedhertoaworld

ofcareerpossibilities,frombehindthescenesproductiontoon-airtalent.

“Iknowwhatifsliketofeelisolated,tofeellikeyourstoryisnotgettingheard,"she

said."Rowanprovidedmethetoolstogiveavoicetothevoiceless.Mygoalistosharepowerful

storiessothatIcaninspireasmanypeopleaspossibletolovethemselvesandtofollowtheirdreams.

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Ruizhadahappychildhood.

B.Thefamilyenjoyedmovingaround.

C.Itwashardforhermothertoraisethem.

D.Ruiz'schildhoodwasnoteasybutfulloflove.

25.Whydidn'tRuizgototheUniversityofMiami?

A.Itwastoofaraway.

B.Herauntneededhercare.

C.Shecouldn'taffordthefee.

D.Hermotherdidn'twanthertogo.

26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeRuiz?

A.Braveandkind.

B.Generousandhelpful.

C.Determinedandmodest.

D.Strong-willedandcaring.

27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Ruiz-aFamousWoman

B.Ruiz-anInspiringWoman

C.Ruiz-aWomanofAchievements

D.Ruiz-aWomanwithTwoDegrees

［答案】24.D25.C26.D27.B

【解析】

本文為一篇記敘文。講述了Ruiz的成長，求學(xué)經(jīng)歷以及她鼓勵他人去追尋夢想的事跡。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第一段"Ruiz'sfatherpassedawaywhenshewasthree,leavinghermother

toraisethefivechildren.（Ruiz父親在她三歲的時候就去世了,留下她的母親撫養(yǎng)五個孩

子。）”可知Ruiz童年時生活不易；由文章第二段內(nèi)容uThoughhermotherwasaworking

singleparenttryingtosupportherownfamily,shedidn'thesitatetohelpothers.（盡管她的母親是

一個要養(yǎng)家糊口的單親媽媽，她還是毫不猶豫地幫助別人。）”可知，她們家是充滿愛心的；

由此可知，Ruiz的童年雖然不容易，但充滿了愛。故選D。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段"RuizgotsuchgoodgradesatRCGCthatshewasofferedapartial

scholarshiptostudyjournalismattheUniversityofMiamibutrealizingshecouldnotgetenoughto

covereverythingthescholarshipwouldn't,shedidn'tgotoMiami.（魯伊斯在RCGC取得了如止匕

好的成績，以至于邁阿密大學(xué)提供了她的部分獎學(xué)金，讓她去讀新聞。但當(dāng)她意識到她獎學(xué)

金不夠支付所有開支時，她沒有去邁阿密。）”可知，Ruiz沒有去邁阿密上大學(xué)是因為她

負(fù)擔(dān)不起花費。故選Co

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"RuizbecameanEMTandworkednightsinPhiladelphia,eventually

enrollinginRowanCollegeatGloucesterCounty,whereshesoughttodevelopherskillsasa

storyteller.（魯伊斯成為了一名急救醫(yī)生，在費城上夜班，最終考入了格洛斯特縣的羅文學(xué)

院（RowanCollege）,在那里她努力培養(yǎng)自己講故事的技能。）”和"Shegraduatedwithtwo

degrees-JournalismandRadio,Television&,Film-fromtheCollegeofCommunication&.Creative

Arts.（她畢業(yè)時獲得了新聞和廣播電視兩個學(xué)位”可知，Ruiz的求學(xué)經(jīng)歷體現(xiàn)了她有堅

定的信念和強大的毅力；由最后一段她說的話“MygoalistosharepowerfulstoriessothatIcan

inspireasmanypeopleaspossibletolovethemselvesandtofollowtheirdreams.（我的目標(biāo)是分

享有影響力的故事，這樣我就能激勵盡可能多的人去愛自己，追隨自己的夢想。）”可以看

出她關(guān)愛他人。由此可知，Ruiz意志堅強，有愛心。故選D。

[27題詳解】

主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)最后一段Rowanprovidedmethetoolstogiveavoiceto

thevoiceless.MygoalistosharepowerfulstoriessothatIcaninspireasmanypeopleaspossibleto

lovethemselvesandtofollowtheirdreams."（Rowan給了我一些工具，讓我為無聲的人發(fā)聲。

我的目標(biāo)是分享有影響力的故事，這樣我就能激勵盡可能多的人去愛自己，追隨自己的夢

想?！保┛芍恼轮v述Ruiz希望通過她自己的成長、求學(xué)經(jīng)歷來鼓勵他人去追尋夢想，

所以她對別人是有激勵和鼓舞作用的。B項“Ruiz———個鼓舞人心的女性”可以作為本文

的最佳標(biāo)題。故選Bo

C

Withoilpricesrisingsharplythisyear,itseemsremarkabletoarguethatwatermightoneday

bemoreexpensivethanoil.Jean-LouisChaussade,thechiefexecutiveoftheFrenchutilitycompany

Suez,arguesthatwaterscarcity（不足）isnowoneofthemostpressingchallengesfacingmany

industries.HetoldtheFinancialTimeslastyearthatheforesawonedaywaterwouldbemore

preciousthanoil.

Itisn'tonlyagrowingworldpopulationthatplacesdemandsonwater-industriessuchas

energyandagriculturearealsoconsumingmoreandmore.The2030WaterResourcesGroup,

believesthatby2030globaldemandwillbe40percenthigherthanitistoday.

ThethreatisnowsoacutethattheOfficeoftheDirectorofNationalIntelligenceintheUS

warnedthatdisputesoverwatermayleadtoarmedconflicts,particularlyinareassuchasAfrica

andtheMiddleFast.Athree-yeardroughtinSouthAfricacausedawatercrisisearlierthisyear,

withofficialswarningtheymayhavetoshutoffmostofCapeTown'staps.

Themostvaluablewaterintheworldiswhatweactuallyconsume.Withpetrolatroughly

￡1.29aliterintheUKtoday,abottleofwaterfromsomeofbig-namebrandedcompaniescan

alreadybeaboutthreetimesmore.Anditisnotgoingtogetanycheaper.Thedaysofrelyingon

waterflowingthroughourtapsarecomingtoanend.Aroundtheworld.2.1billionpeopledonot

haveimmediateaccesstocleandrinkingwater.Andthisisn'tonlyadeveloping-worldproblem.In

almosteverycountrypeoplehavewaterstress.

Overthenexttenyears,ifwedonotcometogethertofindanswerstoourwatershortage,we

willfacemajorsupply-relatedissuesaroundtheglobe,notjustwithdrinkingwater-ourindustries

willbeaffectedaswell.

28.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theresultofwatershortage.

B.Thecausesofwatershortage.

C.Thesolutionstowatershortage.

D.Thesituationofwatershortage.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disputes'*inparagraph3mean?

A.Debate.

B.Argument.

C.Agreement.

D.Pollution.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Manypeoplecan'thavecleanwater.

B.Waterismoreexpensivethanoilnow.

C.Wateris￡1.29aliterintheUKtoday.

D.Richcountriesdon'thavewaterstress.

31.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Totellusthepollutionofwater.

B.Totellustheimportanceofwater.

C.Totellusthewaytoprotectwater.

D.Totellusthesituationofwaterstress.

【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.D

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。主要講了目前全世界范圍內(nèi)水資源短缺，以及由此會產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)問題。

【28題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段首句"Itisn'tonlyagrowingworldpopulationthatplacesdemandson

water-industriessuchasenergyandagriculturearealsoconsumingmoreandmore.（不僅世界人

口的增長對水資源產(chǎn)生了需求，諸如能源和農(nóng)業(yè)等行業(yè)消耗的水資源也越來越多。）”可知本

段主要在講述水資源缺乏的原因。故選Bo

【29題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“mayleadtoarmedconflicts（可能導(dǎo)致武裝沖突）”可知對水資

源的爭奪會引起武裝沖突，故disputes應(yīng)有“爭奪、搶奪”之意，B選項Argument.意為：爭執(zhí)，

符合題意。故選B。

【30題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Aroundtheworld.2.1billionpeopledonothaveimmediateaccessto

cleandrinkingwater.（全世界有21億人不能立即獲得干凈的飲用水。）”可知全世界很多人

喝不上干凈的飲用水。故選A。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段“Overthenexttenyears,ifwedonotcometogethertofind

answerstoourwatershortage,wewillfacemajorsupply-relatedissuesaroundtheglobe,notjust

withdrinkingwater-ourindustrieswillbeaffectedaswell.（在接下來的十年里，如果我們不能

齊心協(xié)力解決水資源短缺的問題。我們將在全球面臨與水供應(yīng)相關(guān)的重大問題，不僅僅是飲

用水問題，我們的工業(yè)也將受到影響。）”可知作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是告訴我們水資源

短缺以及由此會產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)問題的一個嚴(yán)峻現(xiàn)狀。故選D。

D

Creatinganewgeneinasingledaycouldsoonbepossible.Thetechnologycouldonedaylet

researchersspeedilyrewritegenes,enablingthemtomakenewmedicinesandfuelsonthefly.

ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNAsincethe1970s.ThetraditionalapproachtakesDNA

nucleotides（核甘酸）andaddsthem,onebyone,toagrowingchaincalledanoligo（寡核昔酸）。

Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror-prone,limitingoligostoabout200letters-atinypartof

thethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.

Overthedecades,mostresearchershavesettledononeparticularpolymerase（聚合酶）,called

TdT,becauseunlikeothers,itcanattachnewnucleotidestoanoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNA

templatestrand.ScientistshavetriedforyearstomakeTdTaddonenucleotideatatimeandstop,

beforerepeatingtheprocesswithadifferentnucleotide.ButTdTdoesn*tworkwellwiththese

modifiednucleotides.cuTdTisverypicky/saysSebastianPalluk,aPh.D.student.Onesuchsystem,

forexample,requiredaboutanhourtoaddeachmodifiedbase,fartooslowtobepractical.

Ultimately,theapproachshouldbecheap,becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.It*s

alsofast.Mostnewnucleotidesattachtothegrowingoligoin10to20seconds.Fornow,thestep

stilltakesaminute.Sosynthesizingawholegenewillstilllikelytakethebetterpartofaday.

Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.Sofar,thegrouphasmadeoligosonly10baseslong.And

therearestillafewwritingproblems,astheapproachwasonly98%accurateatwritingDNA,below

the99%accuracyofthetraditionalapproach.Inordertowriteoligosupto1000baseslong,the

approachwilllikelyneedtobe99.9%accurate.

32.WhatisthedrawbackofthetraditionalwayofmakingDNA?

A.Itistooexpensive.

B.Itistoohardtobecarriedout.

C.Itincreasesoligostoabout200letters.

D.Itistooslowandtheremaybemistakes.

33.WhyhavemostresearcherssettledonTdT?

A.Becauseitischeap.

B.Becauseitiseasytoget.

C.Becauseitisharmlesstopeople.

D.Becauseitiseasytocontrol.

34.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNArecently.

B.Thenewapproachisquitereadywithoutanyproblem.

C.Thereisstillsomeworktodobeforethenewapproachispractical.

D.Towriteoligos1000baseslong,theapproachneedstobe99%accurate.

35.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Adiary.

C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.

【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A

【解析】

本文為一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們正在嘗試用一個最新的方法來改寫基因，如果

成功，將可以在一天的時間里創(chuàng)造出一個新的基因，但目前該技術(shù)尚未成熟。

【32題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一■句話“Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror-prone,limiting

oligostoabout200letters-atinypartofthethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.（但這個

過程通常是緩慢而且容易出錯的，限制寡核甘酸只有大約200個字母一一這只是組成大多數(shù)

基因的數(shù)千個字母中的一小部分。）”可知傳統(tǒng)重組基因方法的缺點是緩慢且容易出錯，故

選Do

[33題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句話“Overthedecades,mostresearchershavesettledonone

particularpolymerase（聚合酶）,calledTdT,becauseunlikeothers,itcanattachnewnucleotidesto

anoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNAtemplatestrand.（在過去的幾十年里，大多數(shù)研究人

員都專注于一種特殊的聚合酶，稱為TdT,因為與其他酶不同的是，它可以將新的核甘酸附

著到寡聚鏈上，而不需要附著在DNA模板鏈上。）”第三段第一句話“Ultimately,theapproach

shouldbecheap,becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.（最終，這種方法應(yīng)該是廉價的，

因為TdT很容易在細(xì)菌中制造。）”可知研究人員專注于TdT的原因是因為TdT在細(xì)菌中很

容易得到。故選Bo

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段的首句"Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.（新方法還不完全

成熟。）”及最后一句"Inordertowriteoligosupto1000baseslong,theapproachwilllikelyneed

tobe99.9%accurate.（為了寫出1000個堿基長的寡核甘酸，這種方法可能需要99.9%的準(zhǔn)確

度。）”可以推斷出這種基因重組的方法目前還不成熟，主要是精準(zhǔn)度不夠，由此可以推斷

出這種方法離正真應(yīng)用到實際還需要進行很多的試驗與研究工作。故選Co

【35題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容可知本文為一篇科技說明文，講述了科學(xué)家們正在嘗試用

一個最新的方法來改寫基因，如果成功，將可以在一天的時間里創(chuàng)造出一個新的基因，由此

可知本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在與科技相關(guān)的雜志上。故選Ao

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩

項為多余選項。

DailyHabitsofNaturallyProductivePeople

Whenitcomestobeingmoreefficientatyourjob.youknowthebasics.Butresearchshowsa

wholenewsideofproductivityyoumaynothaverealized.36

Focusonbeinghappier.

37Evenifalowmooddoesnotcompletelydisableyoufromfunctioning,itcan

decreaseyourproductivitytomakeyoufarlessefficient.Also,don'thesitatetoseekhelp.Thiswill

notonlyhelpyouachieveamorestablework-lifebalance,butanewoutlookcanalsoopenyouup

tonewopportunitiesandnecessarychanges.

Prioritizefitness.

Youknowthecountlessbenefitsofexercise.38Even30-minuteburstsof

moderate-to-highphysicalactivityjustthreetofourtimesadaycangoalongwayinhelpingyou

accomplishyourpersonalandprofessionalgoals.Ifyou'rereallynotafanofthegym,joinagroup

classtokeepyourselfmotivated.

39

Pressingpauseisimportant.Studiesshowthatprolongedtasksthatrequirehighlevelsoffocus,

energy,andattentioncancauseyoutobecomelessproductiveandfocusedovertime.Takebrief

mentalbreaks.Whenwetake'healthbreaks*wearemuchmorefocusedandengagedforournext

work,incontrast,whenwetrytoworkcontinuallyonaprojectwithoutbreaksourqualityofwork

tendstodeteriorate.

Don*ttrytodoeverythingatonce.

Peoplebelievethemorewecandoatonce,thebetter.40Infact,themorewemultitask,

thelessefficientandproductivewebecome.Instead,toincreaseproductivity,focusononetaskata

timeuntilit'scompletedandthengiveallofyourattentiontothenexttask.