2022年12月北京東城高二(上)期末英語試卷

1/12022北京東城高二（上）期末英語本試卷共8頁，共75分，考試時(shí)長90分鐘，考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效，考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在等題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inarace,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselves.ForFrankSchutt,hispersonalbestturnedoutnottobeaboutmarkingthefastest___1___butdisplayingthebiggestheart.Atthebeginningofanurbanrunningrace,Frankwasconfidentthathewouldprobablyhavethe___2___toqualifyfortheupcomingstatefinalrace.Meanwhile,anotherrunner,JefferyWhite,aimingtobeathispersonalrecord,continuedto___3___himselfhardafterafaststart.Unexpectedly,withlessthan200meterstogo.Jeffery'slegscrampedup(抽筋)andfailedhim.Buthiswilldidnot.___4___tofinish,Jefferyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon.Buthe'dmadeitonly25metersmorebeforegoingdown.Jefferydidn'twanttogiveup.Withhiseffort,theyoungrunnerpulledhimselfupandwitha(n)___5___gait(步法),movedforwardforonefinalpush.___6___,beforereachingthefinishline,helayonthegroundagain.Hislegshadgivenout.AtthatmomentFrankrantohimandofferedahelpinghand.Frank'sfirstattempttogetJefferyupfailed,buthetoorefusedto___7___.Withasecondpull,Jefferywasonhisfeet.ThenwithJefferyholdingFrankfor___8___,thetwocompletedthefinal175meters.Frankeven___9___theinjuredrunnercrossingthefinishlinefirst.Today,theemphasisinathleticsisoftenputonbreakingrecords,soitwasinspiringtoseeforanathletelikeFrank,thevalueoftrue___10___wasstillthere.1.A.team B.way C.growth D.time2.A.passion B.potential C.motivation D.efficiency3.A.train B.prove C.push D.behave4.A.Convinced B.Determined C.Inspired D.Moved5.A.unconfident B.final C.flexible D.unsteady6.A.Unfortunately B.Actually C.Apparently D.Gradually7.A.fight B.act C.quit D.rest8.A.suggestion B.support C.ability D.comfort9.A.secured B.caught C.observed D.left10.A.friendship B.championship C.sportsmanship D.membership二、語法填空（共9小廈；每小量1分，共9分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。GiantPandaNationalPark,___11___islocatedinCentralChina,stretchesacrossSichuan,Ningxia,andShaanxiprovinces.Thenationalparkisindevelopmentandwillinclude67existingpandareserves.ThegiantpandaisthesymbolofChinaandoneofthemost___12___(adore)creaturesacrosstheglobe.Thisnationalparkfeaturesapopulationof1,864giantpandasandaccountsfor80%oftheChinesegiantpandapopulation.Apart___13___thesmallnumberofpandaslocatedinzoosaroundtheworld,allothergiantpandasarefoundwithinChina.（apartfrom除—之外otherthan除—之外）B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Bodylanguageisatypeofnonverbalcommunicationinwhichphysicalbehaviorsareusedtoexpresstheinformation.Theinterpretationsmayvaryfromcountrytocountry,orculturetoculture.___14___（learn）howtoreadbodylanguageisnecessaryforyoubecauseit___15___（reveal）whatapersonisreallyfeelingorthinking.Forinstance,peopleoftenblink(眨眼)morerapidlywhentheyarefeeling___16___（depress）oruncomfortable.Whenthemouthisslightlyturnedup,itmightmeanthatthepersonisfeelinghappyoroptimistic.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Toprovideconvenienceandspeed,robotsareusedtomakecoffeeinairportstogivecustomersanopportunitytoplaceorders___17___(remote)—viaanapp.Passengersonlyneedtoselectadrinkfromthescreenmenuonanautomaticdeviceandcustomize(定制)ittoindividual___18___(prefer).Thiskindofoperationiseasytoaccomplishfromanyspot—e.g.,whileyouarestillatthearrivalgateorattheentrance.Anditisbelieved___19___employingasmartmachineinsteadofahumanhasmanybenefits.三、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，37分）第一節(jié)（共9小題；每小題2分，共18分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIn2020,OliverWallace’sparentsenteredhiminanationalspeechcontest.ThecontestwasheldbyThinkKindness.It’sanorganizationthataimstoinspireactsofkindnessinschoolsandcommunities.Oliverwroteaspeechandrecordedavideoforthecontest.Inhisspeech.Oliverfocusedontheideathatkindnessiseasy.“Itcanbefreeanditcanmakesomeone'sdayawholelotbetter,”hesaid.Afterwinningthecontest.Oliverputhisspeechintoaction.HecreatedtheRacetoKindness,aseriesofeventsspreadingkindnessaroundtheworld.Forhisefforts,thefifth-graderwasawardedoneofAmerica’stop2021youthvolunteers.OneofhiseventsiscalledtheRaceto500Toys.Beinginthehospitalisdifficultforkids.SoOliverstartedthetoydriveforchildreninahospitalnearhishome.“IknewthatIcouldhelp,”saidOliver,“andthatmademewantto.”Withhisprizemoneyfromthecontestandthesupportfromcommunity,Oliverwasabletodonate619toystothelocalchildren'shospital.NowOliverisbusywithhisnewproject,theRaceto100,000Meals.“Iwasseeingsomanypeoplethatdidn'thaveaccesstofood,”hesaid.“Ortheywerewaitinginlonglinestogetsmallmeals.”Sofar,theeventhascollectedmorethan100,000mealsforfamiliesinTexas.Organizingadonationdriveisonewaytopracticekindness.Butsmall,well-thought-outactsarejustasimportant.“Itcanstartoffwithapositivethoughtorbeingkindtosomeone,”saidOliver.Hisspeechofferedsuggestions.Theyincludedleavinganicenoteforaneighbororaskingyourparentshowyoucanhelpthemathome.“Ifyoutreatsomeonewithalittlekindness,”O(jiān)liversaid,“itcanmakeyoufeelbetterknowingthatsomeoneelsefeelsbetter.”20.WhydidOliverstarttheRacetoKindness?A.Toadvocatekindactions B.Toparticipateinacontest.C.Toservevoluntaryorganizations. D.ToraisemoneyforThinkKindness.21.Withtheprizemoneyhegotfromthespeechcontest,Oliver___________.A.madevideosforthecontest B.donatedmealsforpoorfamiliesC.awardedprizestoyoungvolunteers D.boughttoysforthechildreninhospital22.WhatcanwelearnfromOliver’sstory?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Thinktwicebeforeacting.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Onesmallactcanmakeadifference.BEstablishedin1995,YouthFarmhasdevelopedfromagardenprogramintoayouthdevelopmentorganization.Weengagehundredsofyouthinleadershipdevelopmentform.OurMissionandGoals

Wefarmtogrowfood.Fromstrawberriestocarrots,ouryouthseed,plant,grow,andharvestourfoodandbringittoourcommunities'forks

Wefarmtogrowcommunity.Weliveandworkindiverseneighborhoods.Theseneighborhoodsareamazing,butalsofacenumerouschallengesrelatedtofoodaccessandqualityyouthdevelopmentprogramming.Youthfarmdoesthebesttomeetthechallenges.

Wefarmtogrowleaders.AtYouthFarm,assistingyouthintheirdevelopmentasleadersisthemostimportantpartofourwork.Weworktoengageyoungpeopleasproblemsolverstoavarietyofissues,fromfoodaccesstoqualityeducation.Wearenotgrowingthenextgenerationoffarmers,butyouthleaderswhowillbecomeamazingteachers,scientists,communityorganizers,politiciansandsomuchmore.OurProgramsGrowingSeasonProgrammingThegrowingseasonisabusytimeforus.Ouryouthtakeonanactiveroleinplantingandmonitoringgardenspacesthroughouttheentireseason.Youtharealsoinvolvedinvolunteerfarmworkdays.SchoolYearProgrammingDuringtheschoolyear,youthattendfarmclasses,cookingclasses,andgardeningclasses.Schoolyearprogramsandcommunityinvolvementopportunitiesthroughfood-basedactivitiesarekeyelementstoYouthFarm’ssuccess.CommunityEventsWealsoinvolveouryouthincommunityeventssuchasfairs,markets,andcommunitymeals.Whenparticipatinginevents,youthareofferedrealworldplanningandengagementopportunities.Theywillbeintroducedtothecommunityasleadersinthelocalfoodmovement.Formoreinformation,pleasevisithusp://youthfarm./23.OneofYouthFarm’saimsisto____________.A.trainprofessionalfarmers B.createnewfoodprogramsC.developyouth’sleadership D.protectcommunity’senvironment24.AtYouthFarm,participantscan____________.A.assistfarmmanagers B.teachincookingclassesC.joinincommunityactivities D.designgardensfortheschool25.WhatisthemainpurposeofthepassageA.Toadvertisenewfarmproducts. B.TointroduceanorganizationC.Tospreadagriculturalknowledge. D.Toinspireyouthtoservethecommunity.CThecapabilitiesandarrivalofvirtualrealityheadsetshavebecomemainstreamandavailabletomostpeople.Virtualrealityhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefultoolforeducation,careers,andjustforfun.VRhashelpedmakeimprovementintheprofessionsthatputpeopleindanger.Forexample,itenablesfirefighterstolearnandexperiencethingsthattheywouldonlyhavelearnediftheywereactuallyinarealfiresituation.VRallowspeoplelikefirefightersandevendoctorstoparticipateinasimilarenvironmentthattheywouldbeworkinginandmakemistakes.Byallowingthemtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequencesandlearnfromthosemistakes,atraineecanmorequicklycatchupintheirfield.ManyschoolshavealsostartedtouseVRtohelpyoungkidswiththeirlearning.Forexample,forlanguagelearners,thepracticeisveryhelpfulintheprocessoflearning.WithVR.studentswhoarelearningChinesecanvisithistoricallocationslikePingyaoorQufuinavirtualworldandheimmersedinChineseculture.Theywouldquicklypickupthelanguage.Andtheywillbemorelikelytorememberandmakeaconnectionwithwhattheylearnedbyvisitingtheplacesasopposedtojustsimplyreadingaboutthoseplacesintextbook.NotonlydoesVRhelppeopletrainandpracticeforprofessionalcareersbutitcanalsohelppeoplepsychologically.Forinstance,ifsomeonefeelsveryuncomfortableoranxiouswhentheyareinsmallorenclosedplaces,VRcanputtheminasimilarsituationandslowlygetthepersonusedtobeinginsuchanenvironment.Orinsteadofpracticinginfrontofyourmominthekitchen,youcaninsteadpracticeinanenvironmentmadetolooklikeanofficeandtalktoeitherarealpersonthatisn’tyourmomoranAlthat’sprogrammedtoaskyouinterviewquestions.AlthoughmanypeopleuseVRmostlyforfunlikevideogames.Ithinkbusinesses,schools,andmedicalpracticesshouldmakeuseofVRintheirestablishments.Thisisbecausethebenefitsofbeingimmersedinanenvironmentandbeingabletomakemistakes,makememorablelearningconnections,andhelpingpeopleconquertheiranxietiescangoalongwayinhelpingsocietybecomebetterasawhole.26.WithVR,firefighterscan____________.A.practiceinrealsituations B.drawlessonsfromfailureC.receiveprofessionaladvice D.improveworkingenvironment27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“immersed”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Completelyinvolved B.Deeplyattracted C.Greatlyinspired. D.Totallyadjusted.28.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureofvirtualreality B.Thebenefitsofvirtualreality.C.Thepopularityofvirtualreality. D.Thedevelopmentofvirtualreality.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Watchingwildlifesafelyistheresponsibilityofallparkvisitors.Whenyouvisitsomenationalparks,youareenteringanimals'habitat.___29___Ifnot,wildlifemayfacethefollowingseriousriskswhenyougetcloseenoughtointeractwiththem:ConsequencesofPhysicalContactwithPeopleSomeanimals,frombisontobirds.mayberejectedbytheirparentsiftheyhavecontactwithhumans.___30___Inaddition,wildlifecangetinjuredwhentheytrytoescapepeoplewhohavegottentooclose,especiallyiftheyarenearhumanstructuresorroads.FatalDiseasesfromPeopleandPetsOurdomesticpetscanalsoposerealdangerstothewildlifewithinparks.Bothpetsandpeoplemayhavediseasesthattheycangivetowildlife.Sadly,therearemanyexamplesofwildlifeinparksdyingfromdiseasesgiventothembypetsandhumans.Forexample,heartwormfromcatscankillwildlifesuchasfoxes,coyotes,bobcats,andmountainlions.Black-footedferretsdiefromthefluifhumansaresickandgettooclose.___31___Sokeepingyourpetsvaccinatedcankeepthemandwildlifesafe.DangersofEatingHumanFoodand/orTrash（垃圾）Whenvisitorsintentionallyorunintentionallyfeedwildlife,ithasnegativeeffectsonthewildlife.Someofthedangerstowildlifeincludeshorterlives.Thebestwayforwildlifetohaveahealthydietandlivehealthylivesistosearchforfoodastheywouldnaturally.Relyingonhumanfoodortrashleftoutputswildlifeatrisk.___32___Animalsbecomingusedtoandattractedtohumanfoodwillactivelyseekouthumanfood.Thisintheworstcasescanmakethemdangerous.Groundsquirrelscanbite,deerhavesharpantlers（鹿角）,andbearscangetintocarsortentsinsearchoffood.___33___Itmeanstheymaybekilledbyparkmanagersforsafetyreasons.It'simportanttounderstandhowyouractionsmayaffectthewildlifeinparks.Whenyourespectwildlife,youhelpprotectparkanimalsandyourself.A.Theseanimalsmustberemoved.B.Youneedtobehavelikeapoliteguest.CWolvescanbeinfectedbyvirusfromdogs.D.Soit'sbesttoresisttheurgetopetandholdthem.E.Actually,someofthemmaybehaveinastrangeway.F.Observingwildlifeintheirnativehabitatcanbeaneducationalandfunexperience.G.Learningtoeathumanfoodcanalsochangethewaythatwildlifeinteractwithpeople.第三節(jié)（共4小題；第34、35、36題每小題2分，第37題3分，共9分）閱讀下面短文并回答問題。WhenAudreyKelly,afifth-yearPhDstudent,isn'tdoingexperiment,shelovesmakingbread.Shesometimesfeelsashamedaboutthat.“Ifyouarenotworkingyourselftotheboneandcryingyourselftosleepeverynight."sheasks,"areyouworkinghardenough?"ButevidencesuggeststhathobbiessuchasKelly'ssatisfymorethanjustthestomach.Researchhaslinkedparticipationinleisureactivitiestomanymeasuresofphysicalandmentalwell-being,fromreducedbloodpressuretoasenseofbelonging.Weneedtoseehobbiesandworkaswin-wingames.Carvingoutfreetimecanbechallenging,buttherearestrategiesforsuccess.JingmeiLi,acancerresearcherfromSingapore,usesmostofherholidaytimefordrivingtrips.JenniferHertzberg,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,triestokeeptheweekendsfreeforherhobby,buildingLegos.Manyscientistslikethemhavefoundthathobbiesofferthemabreakfromthestressofdoingscience.Everyone—includingscientists—cangetstuckinwaysofthinkingthatpreventthemfromfindingasolutiontoaproblem,nomatterhowhardtheywork.Evidencesuggeststhattakingabreakordoingsomethingdifferentcanhelpimproveproblem-solving,byrevealinganewapproachoranoverlookeddetail.Andwhenscientistsarestuckatwork,hobbiescanprovideasenseofaccomplishment.JenniferthinkswhatshelikesmostaboutLegoblocksisthatshecancompletetheminarelativelyshortamountoftimewhileshelaboursonlong-termscientificprojects.Pastimesalsoleadtoinspiration.WhenastronomersfirstcaughtaglimpseoftheMoonthroughatelescope,Galileoquicklyrealizedthattheshadowsonitsfaceindicatedthatitssurfacewasroughandmountainous-notsmooth.That'sbecauseGalileolikedpainting.andhadlearnthowtorepresent3Dobjectsonaflatcanvas（畫布）.Duetothebenefitsofhobbies,theyshouldbevaluedinthecultureofscience.Successinscienceandhavi