仁愛版中考英語四輪總復習課時05.謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致(學生版+解析)

第五講謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致動詞時態(tài)歷來是中考考查的重點。動詞時態(tài)考查雖多，但考向非常集中，最?？嫉氖且话氵^去時和一般現(xiàn)在時，其次是現(xiàn)在完成時，其他時態(tài)考查相對較少。因此備考重點是：①動詞時態(tài)的基本用法②動詞語態(tài)的基本用法③主謂一致考點1動詞的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)的知識網(wǎng)絡(以動詞do為例)現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時一般時do/doesdidshall/willdo、begoingtodo進行時am/is/aredoingwas/weredoing完成時have/hasdonehaddone1.一般時態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時①表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性的動作，多用動作動詞，且常與表頻率的時間狀語連用。Wehavemealsthreetimesaday.我們一日吃三餐。②表示客觀真理、科學事實及自然現(xiàn)象。Thesunsetsinthewest.太陽從西方落下。③在時間、條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。I’llwritetoherwhenIhavetime.有時間我會寫信給她。(2)一般過去時①表示過去發(fā)生的一次性或習慣性動作或狀態(tài)。Weoftenplayedbasketballtogether.我們(過去)經(jīng)常在一起打籃球。②時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，若主句用了過去將來時，從句常用一般過去時。Hesaidhewouldtellherthenewsassoonashemether.他說他一見到她就把這個消息告訴她。(3)一般將來時①“will/shall＋動詞原形”表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，即單純的將來事實。IshallcallyouassoonasIarrive.我一到就給你打電話。TheywillprobablygotoShanghaifortheirholiday.他們可能去上海度假。②一般將來時的常用結構·用于“Iexpect,I’msure,Ithink,Iwonder＋賓語從句”中·用于“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”中·與表示時間或條件的狀語從句連用Don’tworryabouttheexam.I’msureyou’llpass.不要擔心這次考試，我確信你會通過的。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你請他幫忙，他會幫助你的。③表示一般將來時的特殊結構·begoingtodosth表示計劃、打算要做某事或者有預兆要發(fā)生某事。HeisgoingtospeakonTVthisevening.他今晚要在電視上講話。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.看這些烏云，要下雨了。Whenareyoutoleave/leavingforhome?你什么時候回家？1.Beforethesun,weneedtogettothetopofthemountain.

A.set B.sets C.issetting D.willset2.—Idon'tknowwhenhetheairporttomorrow.IfIgethisflightnumber,Iwillletyouknow.

—OK.Thankyou.A.reached B.willreachC.wasreaching D.reaches3.—Whatdidourgeographyteachersay?—Shetoldusthattheeartharoundthesun.

A.moves B.movedC.hasmoved D.wasmoving2．進行時態(tài)(1)現(xiàn)在進行時(am/is/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞)①表示說話時正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Heisworkingonapaper.他在寫一篇論文。②表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞可用進行時代替將來時。這樣的動詞有go，come，start，leave，arrive，begin，return等。I’mleavingforBeijingnextmonth.我下個月要去北京。(2)過去進行時(was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞)過去進行時表示在過去某個時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewasreadinganinterestingbookthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候他在讀一本有趣的書。3現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(have/has＋過去分詞)①表示一個動作開始于過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(甚至到將來)。常與之連用的時間狀語有：lately，recently，inthelast(past)fewdays/years，sincethen，uptonow，sofar等。Inthepastfewyears，greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.在過去的幾年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。②表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結果。常用的狀語有：already，ever，just(剛剛)，yet等。Hehasturnedoffthelight.(＝Thelightisoffnow.)他已經(jīng)關掉燈了。③在“最高級＋名詞”或“It/Thisis＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time”之后的從句中謂語動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時。Thisisthefirsttime(that)Ihavecomehere.這是我第一次來這里?！疽谆毂嫖觥縣avegoneto意為“去某地了”，表示此人現(xiàn)在還在那里沒有回來。havebeento意為“去過某地”，表示此人已經(jīng)回來了。1.—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacherit.Ittookhimaboutanhour.

A.hasfixed B.willfixC.isfixing D.wasfixing2.—Theairhereismuchfresherthanbefore.—Exactly!Wealotoftreesinthepastfewyears.

A.planted B.wereplantingC.haveplanted D.willplant3.—It'stenyearssincewecamehere.—Howtimeflies!WeinChinaforsolong.

A.work B.workedC.willwork D.haveworked考點1動詞的時態(tài)1.(2021福建,28)Hurryup!Mr.Brownforusinthemeetingroomatthemoment.

A.iswaitingB.willwaitC.waited2.(2020福建,25)HanMei,agoodfriendofmine,mealotwithmyEnglishinthepastthreeyears.

A.helpsB.helpedC.hashelped3.(2019福建,32)—Look!Mymotheranewdressforme.

—Wow,itlooksveryniceonyou.A.ismakingB.hasmadeC.willmake4.(2018福建,30)Chinagreatachievementsinscienceandtechnologysince1978.

A.makes B.made C.hasmade5.(2017福建,26)—DoyouknowtheColorRun,afive-kilometerrace?—Yes.Sofaritintoquiteafewcitiesinourcountry.

A.comes B.came C.hascome6.(2021南平二模,32)—Whendidyouruncleleavehishometown?—Hefornearlytwentyyears.

A.left B.hasleft C.hasbeenaway7.(2021莆田二模,33)Recently,Chinagreatvictoriesinitsfightagainstpoverty(貧困).

A.win B.haswon C.hadwon8.(2021福州二模,34)Eventhoughthesnowstormisonitsway,itadayortwotoreachourcity.

A.takes B.willtake C.hastaken9.(2020福建,88)Rice(be)alwaysthemainfoodfortheChinese.

10.(2021寧德二模,85)Theox/ple?z/animportantpartinChineseculture.

考點2動詞過去式和過去分詞變化1.(2020福建,83)However,itwastheKingofFrogs(青蛙)thatshe/k??t/.

2.(2019福建,87)WithCaiLun’spapermakingmethod,Chineseculture/ɡru?/morerapidlyoverthenextseveralcenturies.

3.(2021福州二模,83)They/θ??t/itwouldn’tbefoundforanother30—50years.

4.(2021寧德二模,82)Butwhywastheox/?t???zn/tobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?

53綜合練1.(2021江蘇蘇州,6改編)ThedocumentaryAPlasticOceanissoimpressivethatIitseveraltimessofar.

A.watched B.watch C.havewatched2.(2021湖北武漢,29改編)—Weverysimplyanddonotspendmuchmoneyonfood.

—That’swhyyou’recalledtheGreens.A.eat B.ate C.willeat3.(2021安徽,27改編)—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacherit.Ittookhimaboutanhour.

A.hasfixed B.willfix C.wasfixing4.(2021北京,7改編)—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,Iareportaboutnationalheroes.

A.willwrite B.amwriting C.havewritten5.(2021海南,34)—Jerry,canyougivemeahand?—Justaminute.Iane-mail.

A.havesent B.amsending C.wassending6.(2021河北,35改編)IsawBobinthegarden.Heflowersthere.

A.haswatered B.iswatering C.waswatering7.(2021黑龍江齊齊哈爾,5)I’msorryIdidn’tansweryourcallbecauseIonline.

A.wasstudying B.studied C.amstudying8.(2021云南,34改編)ThedocumentaryAerialChina(《航拍中國》)iswonderful.Sofar,Iitthreetimes.

A.watched B.willwatch C.havewatched9.(2021吉林,31)Mr.Greenanewbikeforhisdaughtertomorrow.

A.buys B.bought C.willbuy10.(2021江西,26改編)—Howdoweturnontheoven?—Iyou;weren’tyoulistening?

A.tell B.amtelling C.havetold11.(2021四川成都,34)Thespiritoftheox(牛)animportantroleforChina’sdevelopmentthisyear.

A.isplaying B.wasplaying C.played12.(2021遼寧本溪,13改編)—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudentsforthefinalexam.

A.prepared B.willprepare C.arepreparing13.(2021江蘇南京,6改編)IsawJuliainAprilandIhersincethen.

A.don’tsee B.didn’tsee C.haven’tseen14.(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭,31改編)—DidyouseeDorothy?Shejustcamebackfromabroad.—Yes.Butshesomeone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.

A.phones B.isphoning C.wasphoning15.(2021天津,31改編)—WhereisMum?—Inthelivingroom.Sheabookatthemoment.

A.wasreading B.isreading C.hasread考點2動詞的語態(tài)1.被動語態(tài)的構成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋過去分詞”構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)和句子時態(tài)的不同而變化?，F(xiàn)在過去將來一般is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedone進行is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendone2.主動形式表被動意義(1)“系動詞look，sound，feel，smell，taste等＋形容詞/名詞”構成系表結構。Thesteelfeelscold.鋼摸起來很涼。(2)動詞need,require,want,beworth后加動詞－ing形式的主動結構表被動意義。Mywatchcan’twork;itneedsrepairing.我的手表不能用了，需要修了。1.(2021福建,31)Manyresearchlabsinthenext5yearstodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.

A.arebuildingB.willbebuiltC.werebuilt2.(2020福建,32)—Yourhometownisfamousfortea,right?—Yes.Nowteaplantsonmostmountainshere.

A.willgrowB.aregrownC.weregrown3.(2019福建,34)Asoneofthemostexcitingsports,volleyballintheOlympicGamesin1964.

A.includedB.isincludedC.wasincluded4.(2018福建,32)Paper-makingbytheChineseintheWesternHanDynasty(朝代).

A.isinventedB.inventedC.wasinvented5.(2017福建,31)ElevenChinesefilmsduringthe7thChineseFilmFestivalinFrancelastmonth.

A.showedB.areshownC.wereshown6.(2021福州二模,31)TheLunarNewYearnotonlybytheChinesebutalsobytheJapanese.

A.iscelebrated B.wascelebrated C.willbecelebrated7.(2021寧德二模,27)The2022WinterOlympicsinChina.IhopetheChineseathleteswillwinmoremedalsforourcountry.

A.held B.areheld C.willbeheld8.(2021廈門二模,30)AngLeeforalifetimeachievement(成就)awardbyOscar.

A.praises B.ispraised C.haspraised9.(2021龍巖二模,33)—Perfectphotos!—Thankyou.TheybymyHUAWEImobilephone.

A.took B.weretaken C.willbetaken10.(2021福建,81)TaichiisasymbolofChineseculture.Itwasfirst(develop)inChinaaswushu,butit’sbecomingoneofthemostpopularsportsaroundtheworld.

11.(2017福建,91)Itiscelebratedontheninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth.It’salso(call)theDoubleNinthFestival.

綜合練1.(2021江蘇揚州,13改編)—Dowehavetoreadanythingnextweek,Mr.Wu?—Sure.YoutoreadBlackBeautyfrompage58to85.

A.wereexpected B.willexpect C.areexpected2.(2021湖北武漢,31改編)—DidyounoticethestudentsafewwhyquestionsinMr.Zhang’sclass?

—Yes,Ithinkhewantedtotraintheirabilitiesofdeepthinking.A.areasked B.havebeenasked C.wereasked3.(2021北京,11改編)Today,manywinterOlympicsportsevenbychildren.

A.enjoy B.wereenjoyed C.areenjoyed4.(2021海南,37)TheplayTeahousebythefamousChinesewriterLaoShe.

A.wrote B.waswriting C.waswritten5.(2021河北,39改編)Thesegiftsbychildrenintheirlastsummerholiday.

A.made B.weremade C.aremade6.(2021吉林,33)—Let’seatsomesnacks.—Betternot.Eatinginthelibrary.

A.arenotallowedB.doesn’tallow C.isnotallowed7.(2021江西,28改編)ThemandidagreatjobinfightingagainstCOVID-19.HeonTVandbecomeswidelyknown.

A.hasinterviewedB.wasinterviewed C.willbeinterviewed8.(2021遼寧本溪,9改編)Thevideosaboutcookingtellushowfood.

A.makes B.ismade C.wasmade9.(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭,34改編)TeafromChinabegantobesentabroadmorethanathousandyearsagoandsincethenittotheworld.

A.wasknown B.isknown C.hasbeenknown10.(2021江蘇南京,9改編)Ourschoollibrarywithplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.

A.decorates B.decorated C.isdecorated考點3主謂一致主謂一致是指謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上和主語一致，一般遵循三個原則，即：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。一、語法一致原則主語和謂語通常是在語法形式上取得一致,即主語是單數(shù)形式時,謂語動詞也采用單數(shù)形式;主語是復數(shù)形式時,謂語動詞也采用復數(shù)形式。1.當and連接兩個或多個名詞或both...and...連接兩個名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。TomandMikearegoodfriends.Tom和Mike是好朋友。BothLucyandLilyarestudents.Lucy和Lily都是學生。2.either,neither,eachone,theother,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike?你的自行車有什么毛病嗎?Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.大家都為運動會做好了準備。3.each,each...andeach...,every...andevery...作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanewbook.每個男孩和女孩都收到了一本新書。4.在下列結構中,謂語動詞的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。A+togetherwithalongwith(或with)1.Theboytogetherwithhisparentsgoestothemuseumonceaweek.那個男孩同他的父母一起每周去一次博物館。2.Thecaptain,aswellastheotherplayers,wastired.隊長還有其他運動員都感到累了。3.Thewallet,withtheIDcardandmoney,waslost.錢包,連同身份證和錢,都丟了。5.“one,everyone,eachone,anyone,each,either,neither等+of+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.每個學生都在用功學習。Neitherofthegirlsispretty.這兩個女孩兒都不漂亮。6.“anumberof+復數(shù)名詞”意為“許多/大量……”,作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式;“thenumberof+復數(shù)名詞”意為“……的數(shù)量”,作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Anumberoftreesarecutdown.許多樹被砍倒了。Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis32.我們班學生人數(shù)為32。7.“alotof/lotsof/plentyof/mostof+名詞”和“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+名詞”等作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式取決于名詞,如果是不可數(shù)名詞,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),則謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。Lotsofpeoplehavebeentherebefore.以前很多人去過那兒。MostofthecomputersareboughtfromBeijing.大部分電腦都是從北京買來的。Two-thirdsofthewaterhasbeenpolluted.三分之二的水已經(jīng)被污染了。8.由“apair/akind...+of+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;“pairs/kinds...+of+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。Apairofsunglassesislyingonthetable.桌子上有一副太陽鏡。Fifteenpairsofshoesaremadeeachday.每天制作15雙鞋。9.某些只有復數(shù)形式的名詞(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants等)作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。Mypantsarewornout.我的褲子穿壞了。10.不定式或v.-ing形式作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Readingislearning.讀書就是學習。Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實。用所給詞的適當形式填空①EveryoneexceptTomandJohn(be)therewhenthemeetingbegan.

②Neitherofthetwobrothers(live)withtheirparents.

③Playingbaseball(be)Dale’sfavouritesport.

二、意義一致原則意義一致又叫概念一致,即謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式還是復數(shù)形式要看主語所表達的概念。1.集體名詞如family,crew,crowd,company,audience,committee,government,group等作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定。如果表示整體概念,則謂語動詞需用單數(shù)形式;如果表示集體中的成員,則謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。ClassTwelvewasfirstinthesportsmeeting.(指整體)在運動會中,12班是第一名。ClassTwelvearedoingmorningexercisesintheplayground.(指構成整體的成員)12班正在操場上做早操。2.集體名詞如people,police等作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式,但clothing,traffic,furniture等無生命的集體名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Thepolicearehelpingagirlfindhermother.警察正在幫助一個女孩兒找媽媽。Thereisn’tanytrafficontheroadatthemoment.這會兒路上沒有車輛往來。3.表示度量、價格、時間、長度等的名詞復數(shù)或詞組作主語時,一般被看作一個整體,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。Threeyearsisalongtime.三年是一段很長的時間。FiftyyuanwaspaidtoMrGreen.付給格林先生50元錢。4.有些專有名詞復數(shù)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。TheUnitedStatesisonthesouthofCanada.美國在加拿大南邊。5.主語形式為復數(shù)而意義卻為單數(shù),如news,works(工廠)等或一些學科名稱,如physics,politics,maths等,謂語動詞需用單數(shù)形式。Physicsismyfavouritesubject.物理是我最喜歡的科目。用所給詞的適當形式填空1Thewholeclass(be)greatlymovedbyhiswords.

2TheChinesebadmintonteam(be)playingmagnificently.

3Thepolice(be)lookingforthemurderer.

4HisSelectedPoems(be)firstpublishedin1965.

5Ithinkphysics(be)muchmoreusefulthanmaths.

三、就近原則1.由either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...連接并列主語時,謂語動詞要與靠近它的主語一致。NeitherTomnorIlikethisfilm.Tom和我都不喜歡這個電影。2.在therebe或herebe句型中,如果有并列的名詞作主語,謂語動詞要與靠近它的主語一致。Thereisagirlandfourboysintheroom.房間里有一個女孩兒和四個男孩兒。Therearefourboysandagirlintheroom房間里有四個男孩兒和一個女孩兒。題組訓練用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Notonlystudentsbutalsotheirteacher(object)totheplan.

2.There(be)someChineseandthreeAmericansinthetravellingteam.

3.Here(be)aletterandtwobooksforyou.

隨堂練習一、語法選擇Afternearlyfiveyearsofconstruction(建設),theBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport1onSept.25,2019.Fiveyears2reallynotalongtimeforbuildingsuchabigairport.SeatedinthesouthofBeijing,itistheworld'slargesttransportationhub(樞紐).TheGuardianlisteditasoneofthe“sevenwondersofthemodernworld”.

GardensThere3fivegardensattheendoffiveboarding(登機)gates.Attheendofthenorthernboardinggate4theChinesegarden.ThereareChinese-stylebuildingsinit.Peoplecanhangoutinthegardenwhilewaitingfortheirflights.

FlightterminalTheairportisverylarge.Ithastheworld'slargestflightterminal(航站樓)inasinglebuilding.Thebuilding5anareaof700,000squaremeters—thesizeof98soccerfields.Thenumberofpassengershereeachyear6morethan100million.Theterminallookslikeastarfish.Thedistancebetweenthecentralareaandthefarthestboardinggate7600meters.Itonly8eightminutestowalkbetweenthetwo.

ParkinglotTheparkinglotisinthesouthernpartoftheairport.It'sclosetotheflightterminal.Arobot-operatedparkingsystem9used.Afterdrivers10theircars,robotswillliftthecarsandcarrythemtoanopenparkingspace.Whencollecting(領取)theircars,driverscanusetheirparkingticketstogetinformationonwheretofindtheircars.

1.A.isopen B.areopen C.wasopen D.wereopen2.A.is B.are C.was D.were3.A.is B.are C.was D.were4.A.is B.are C.was D.were5.A.have B.has C.willhave D.had6.A.is B.are C.was D.were7.A.is B.are C.was D.were8.A.take B.takes C.spend D.spends9.A.is B.are C.was D.were10.A.park B.parks C.willpark D.parked第五講謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致動詞時態(tài)歷來是中考考查的重點。動詞時態(tài)考查雖多，但考向非常集中，最?？嫉氖且话氵^去時和一般現(xiàn)在時，其次是現(xiàn)在完成時，其他時態(tài)考查相對較少。因此備考重點是：①動詞時態(tài)的基本用法②動詞語態(tài)的基本用法③主謂一致考點1動詞的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)的知識網(wǎng)絡(以動詞do為例)現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時一般時do/doesdidshall/willdo、begoingtodo進行時am/is/aredoingwas/weredoing完成時have/hasdonehaddone1.一般時態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時①表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性的動作，多用動作動詞，且常與表頻率的時間狀語連用。Wehavemealsthreetimesaday.我們一日吃三餐。②表示客觀真理、科學事實及自然現(xiàn)象。Thesunsetsinthewest.太陽從西方落下。③在時間、條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。I’llwritetoherwhenIhavetime.有時間我會寫信給她。(2)一般過去時①表示過去發(fā)生的一次性或習慣性動作或狀態(tài)。Weoftenplayedbasketballtogether.我們(過去)經(jīng)常在一起打籃球。②時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，若主句用了過去將來時，從句常用一般過去時。Hesaidhewouldtellherthenewsassoonashemether.他說他一見到她就把這個消息告訴她。(3)一般將來時①“will/shall＋動詞原形”表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，即單純的將來事實。IshallcallyouassoonasIarrive.我一到就給你打電話。TheywillprobablygotoShanghaifortheirholiday.他們可能去上海度假。②一般將來時的常用結構·用于“Iexpect,I’msure,Ithink,Iwonder＋賓語從句”中·用于“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”中·與表示時間或條件的狀語從句連用Don’tworryabouttheexam.I’msureyou’llpass.不要擔心這次考試，我確信你會通過的。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你請他幫忙，他會幫助你的。③表示一般將來時的特殊結構·begoingtodosth表示計劃、打算要做某事或者有預兆要發(fā)生某事。HeisgoingtospeakonTVthisevening.他今晚要在電視上講話。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.看這些烏云，要下雨了。Whenareyoutoleave/leavingforhome?你什么時候回家？1.Beforethesun,weneedtogettothetopofthemountain.

A.set B.sets C.issetting D.willset【答案】B本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。此處講的是將來的情況,但是在before引導的時間狀語從句中需要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。thesun是第三人稱單數(shù),故選B項。2.—Idon'tknowwhenhetheairporttomorrow.IfIgethisflightnumber,Iwillletyouknow.

—OK.Thankyou.A.reached B.willreachC.wasreaching D.reaches【答案】B本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。設空處主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句中時間狀語tomorrow要求謂語動詞用一般將來時,故選B。3.—Whatdidourgeographyteachersay?—Shetoldusthattheeartharoundthesun.

A.moves B.movedC.hasmoved D.wasmoving【答案】A本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。當談到客觀真理時,動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。故選A。2．進行時態(tài)(1)現(xiàn)在進行時(am/is/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞)①表示說話時正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Heisworkingonapaper.他在寫一篇論文。②表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞可用進行時代替將來時。這樣的動詞有go，come，start，leave，arrive，begin，return等。I’mleavingforBeijingnextmonth.我下個月要去北京。(2)過去進行時(was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞)過去進行時表示在過去某個時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewasreadinganinterestingbookthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候他在讀一本有趣的書。3現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(have/has＋過去分詞)①表示一個動作開始于過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(甚至到將來)。常與之連用的時間狀語有：lately，recently，inthelast(past)fewdays/years，sincethen，uptonow，sofar等。Inthepastfewyears，greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.在過去的幾年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。②表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結果。常用的狀語有：already，ever，just(剛剛)，yet等。Hehasturnedoffthelight.(＝Thelightisoffnow.)他已經(jīng)關掉燈了。③在“最高級＋名詞”或“It/Thisis＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time”之后的從句中謂語動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時。Thisisthefirsttime(that)Ihavecomehere.這是我第一次來這里?！疽谆毂嫖觥縣avegoneto意為“去某地了”，表示此人現(xiàn)在還在那里沒有回來。havebeento意為“去過某地”，表示此人已經(jīng)回來了。1.—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacherit.Ittookhimaboutanhour.

A.hasfixed B.willfixC.isfixing D.wasfixing【答案】A本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)isworkingagain可知,電腦已經(jīng)修好了。故此處用現(xiàn)在完成時,選A。2.—Theairhereismuchfresherthanbefore.—Exactly!Wealotoftreesinthepastfewyears.

A.planted B.wereplantingC.haveplanted D.willplant【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語inthepastfewyears可知,本句中的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選C。3.—It'stenyearssincewecamehere.—Howtimeflies!WeinChinaforsolong.

A.work B.workedC.willwork D.haveworked【答案】D本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。因為時間狀語是forsolong,表示一段時間,故用現(xiàn)在完成時?？键c1動詞的時態(tài)1.(2021福建,28)Hurryup!Mr.Brownforusinthemeetingroomatthemoment.

A.iswaitingB.willwaitC.waited【答案】A句意:快點!現(xiàn)在布朗先生此刻正在會議室等我們。本題考查現(xiàn)在進行時。由“Hurryup!”及“atthemoment”可知,本題應該用現(xiàn)在進行時,故答案為A。2.(2020福建,25)HanMei,agoodfriendofmine,mealotwithmyEnglishinthepastthreeyears.

A.helpsB.helpedC.hashelped【答案】C句意:韓梅是我的一個好朋友,她在過去的三年里在英語方面幫了我很多。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由該句的時間狀語inthepastthreeyears可知,此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。3.(2019福建,32)—Look!Mymotheranewdressforme.

—Wow,itlooksveryniceonyou.A.ismakingB.hasmadeC.willmake【答案】B句意:——看!我媽媽為我做了一條新連衣裙?！?它穿在你身上看起來很漂亮。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語境可知,本句強調(diào)媽媽為我做新連衣裙的行為對當下的影響,故選B。4.(2018福建,30)Chinagreatachievementsinscienceandtechnologysince1978.

A.makes B.made C.hasmade【答案】C句意:自從1978年以來,中國已經(jīng)在科學與技術上取得了偉大的成就。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“since1978”可知應用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選C。5.(2017福建,26)—DoyouknowtheColorRun,afive-kilometerrace?—Yes.Sofaritintoquiteafewcitiesinourcountry.

A.comes B.came C.hascome【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。sofar意為“迄今為止,至今”,是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志,故選C。6.(2021南平二模,32)—Whendidyouruncleleavehishometown?—Hefornearlytwentyyears.

A.left B.hasleft C.hasbeenaway【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由題干中的時間狀語fornearlytwentyyears可知此處強調(diào)離開的狀態(tài)持續(xù)20年,應用現(xiàn)在完成時;leave是非延續(xù)性動詞,不可與時間段搭配,故排除B;beaway表示狀態(tài),可以與時間段搭配,故選C。7.(2021莆田二模,33)Recently,Chinagreatvictoriesinitsfightagainstpoverty(貧困).

A.win B.haswon C.hadwon【答案】B本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由題干中的時間狀語Recently可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選B。8.(2021福州二模,34)Eventhoughthesnowstormisonitsway,itadayortwotoreachourcity.

A.takes B.willtake C.hastaken【答案】B本題考查動詞的基本時態(tài)。由上文中的“暴風雪還在路上”可知,此處應用一般將來時,故選B。9.(2020福建,88)Rice(be)alwaysthemainfoodfortheChinese.

【答案】is句意:米飯一直是中國人的主食。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。此句陳述客觀事實,應用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語Rice為不可數(shù)名詞,故填is。10.(2021寧德二模,85)Theox/ple?z/animportantpartinChineseculture.

【答案】plays本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。該句陳述事實,故應用一般現(xiàn)在時;Theox為第三人稱單數(shù),結合音標可知填plays?？键c2動詞過去式和過去分詞變化1.(2020福建,83)However,itwastheKingofFrogs(青蛙)thatshe/k??t/.

【答案】caught句意:然而,她抓到的是青蛙王。由語境及音標可知填caught。2.(2019福建,87)WithCaiLun’spapermakingmethod,Chineseculture/ɡru?/morerapidlyoverthenextseveralcenturies.

【答案】grew句意:有了蔡倫的造紙術,中國文化在接下來的幾個世紀中迅速發(fā)展。結合音標及語境可知填grew。3.(2021福州二模,83)They/θ??t/itwouldn’tbefoundforanother30—50years.

【答案】thought由語境可知本空表示“認為”,結合音標可知填thought。4.(2021寧德二模,82)Butwhywastheox/?t???zn/tobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?

【答案】chosen句意:但是為什么牛被選為十二生肖之一呢?結合音標可知填chosen。53綜合練1.(2021江蘇蘇州,6改編)ThedocumentaryAPlasticOceanissoimpressivethatIitseveraltimessofar.

A.watched B.watch C.havewatched【答案】C本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)時間狀語sofar及severaltimes可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。2.(2021湖北武漢,29改編)—Weverysimplyanddonotspendmuchmoneyonfood.

—That’swhyyou’recalledtheGreens.A.eat B.ate C.willeat【答案】A本題考查動詞時態(tài)。and連接的并列成分時態(tài)一致,故根據(jù)donotspend可以判斷設空處也用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。3.(2021安徽,27改編)—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacherit.Ittookhimaboutanhour.

A.hasfixed B.willfix C.wasfixing【答案】A句意:——我們的電腦又工作了!——是的。我們的信息技術老師已經(jīng)把它修好了。他花了大約一小時。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)isworkingagain可知,電腦已經(jīng)修好了,故此處用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選A。4.(2021北京,7改編)—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,Iareportaboutnationalheroes.

A.willwrite B.amwriting C.havewritten【答案】B本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由問句可知,設空處要用現(xiàn)在進行時,故選B。5.(2021海南,34)—Jerry,canyougivemeahand?—Justaminute.Iane-mail.

A.havesent B.amsending C.wassending【答案】B本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語境可判斷,此處表示“我”正在發(fā)一封電子郵件,用現(xiàn)在進行時。故選B。6.(2021河北,35改編)IsawBobinthegarden.Heflowersthere.

A.haswatered B.iswatering C.waswatering【答案】C本題考查過去進行時。根據(jù)語境可知,“我”看見Bob的時候,他正在澆花,應用進行時;由前句謂語動詞saw可知,此事發(fā)生在過去,應用過去進行時,故答案為C。7.(2021黑龍江齊齊哈爾,5)I’msorryIdidn’tansweryourcallbecauseIonline.

A.wasstudying B.studied C.amstudying【答案】A本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境分析和didn’t可知,(當時)沒接到電話,是因為(那時)正在線上學習,應用過去進行時。故選A。8.(2021云南,34改編)ThedocumentaryAerialChina(《航拍中國》)iswonderful.Sofar,Iitthreetimes.

A.watched B.willwatch C.havewatched【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。本句中的時間狀語Sofar是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞,故選C。9.(2021吉林,31)Mr.Greenanewbikeforhisdaughtertomorrow.

A.buys B.bought C.willbuy【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語tomorrow可知用一般將來時,故選C。10.(2021江西,26改編)—Howdoweturnontheoven?—Iyou;weren’tyoulistening?

A.tell B.amtelling C.havetold【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)設空處后面的“難道你之前沒在聽嗎?”可知此處表示“我”已經(jīng)告訴過你了,應用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選C。11.(2021四川成都,34)Thespiritoftheox(牛)animportantroleforChina’sdevelopmentthisyear.

A.isplaying B.wasplaying C.played【答案】A本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的時間狀語thisyear,結合語境可知用現(xiàn)在進行時,故選A。12.(2021遼寧本溪,13改編)—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudentsforthefinalexam.

A.prepared B.willprepare C.arepreparing【答案】C本題考查現(xiàn)在進行時。由“Theclassroomissoquiet.”可知,此處描述的是此時此刻正在發(fā)生的事情,應用現(xiàn)在進行時。故答案為C。13.(2021江蘇南京,6改編)IsawJuliainAprilandIhersincethen.

A.don’tsee B.didn’tsee C.haven’tseen【答案】C本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)時間狀語sincethen可知,此句用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。14.(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭,31改編)—DidyouseeDorothy?Shejustcamebackfromabroad.—Yes.Butshesomeone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.

A.phones B.isphoning C.wasphoning【答案】C本題考查過去進行時。由“soInoddedtoherandwentaway”可知,那時候Dorothy正在打電話,應用進行時。由謂語動詞“nodded”可知,這件事發(fā)生在過去,應用過去進行時。故答案為C。15.(2021天津,31改編)—WhereisMum?—Inthelivingroom.Sheabookatthemoment.

A.wasreading B.isreading C.hasread【答案】B本題考查現(xiàn)在進行時。atthemoment是現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的時間狀語。故選B?？键c2動詞的語態(tài)1.被動語態(tài)的構成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋過去分詞”構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)和句子時態(tài)的不同而變化?，F(xiàn)在過去將來一般is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedone進行is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendone2.主動形式表被動意義(1)“系動詞look，sound，feel，smell，taste等＋形容詞/名詞”構成系表結構。Thesteelfeelscold.鋼摸起來很涼。(2)動詞need,require,want,beworth后加動詞－ing形式的主動結構表被動意義。Mywatchcan’twork;itneedsrepairing.我的手表不能用了，需要修了。1.(2021福建,31)Manyresearchlabsinthenext5yearstodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.

A.arebuildingB.willbebuiltC.werebuilt【答案】B本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子的主語Manyresearchlabs是謂語動詞build動作的承受者,所以用被動語態(tài);由時間狀語inthenext5years可知,時態(tài)為一般將來時。故答案為B。2.(2020福建,32)—Yourhometownisfamousfortea,right?—Yes.Nowteaplantsonmostmountainshere.

A.willgrowB.aregrownC.weregrown【答案】B句意:——你的家鄉(xiāng)因茶葉而出名,是嗎?——是的?，F(xiàn)在這里茶樹被種在大多數(shù)山上。本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語teaplants與grow為被動關系,又因為時間狀語是now,所以謂語動詞應當用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。3.(2019福建,34)Asoneofthemostexcitingsports,volleyballintheOlympicGamesin1964.

A.includedB.isincludedC.wasincluded【答案】C句意:作為最激動人心的運動之一,排球在1964年被納入奧運會中。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。volleyball與include之間是被動關系,結合題干中的“in1964”可知,應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),故選C。4.(2018福建,32)Paper-makingbytheChineseintheWesternHanDynasty(朝代).

A.isinventedB.inventedC.wasinvented【答案】C句意:造紙術是由中國人在西漢時發(fā)明的。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。因句子主語“Paper-making”是動作的承受者,故使用被動語態(tài),先排除B。因時間狀語是“intheWesternHanDynasty”,故應使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),故選C。5.(2017福建,31)ElevenChinesefilmsduringthe7thChineseFilmFestivalinFrancelastmonth.

A.showedB.areshownC.wereshown【答案】C本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由時間狀語lastmonth可知時態(tài)為一般過去時,故排除B。再根據(jù)films與show之間是被動關系可知,本題選C。6.(2021福州二模,31)TheLunarNewYearnotonlybytheChinesebutalsobytheJapanese.

A.iscelebrated B.wascelebrated C.willbecelebrated【答案】A本題考查被動語態(tài)的結構。主語TheLunarNewYear與謂語動詞celebrate為被動關系,又因為句子陳述事實,應當用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),故選A。7.(2021寧德二模,27)The2022WinterOlympicsinChina.IhopetheChineseathleteswillwinmoremedalsforourcountry.

A.held B.areheld C.willbeheld【答案】C本題考查被動語態(tài)的用法。主語The2022WinterOlympics與謂語動詞hold為被動關系,由2022可知應當用一般將來時的被動語態(tài),故選C。8.(2021廈門二模,30)AngLeeforalifetimeachievement(成就)awardbyOscar.

A.praises B.ispraised C.haspraised【答案】B本題考查被動語態(tài)的用法。主語AngLee與praise為被動關系。故選B。9.(2021龍巖二模,33)—Perfectphotos!—Thankyou.TheybymyHUAWEImobilephone.

A.took B.weretaken C.willbetaken【答案】B本題考查被動語態(tài)的用法。主語They與take為被動關系,根據(jù)語境可知,要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),故選B。10.(2021福建,81)TaichiisasymbolofChineseculture.Itwasfirst(develop)inChinaaswushu,butit’sbecomingoneofthemostpopularsportsaroundtheworld.

【答案】developed根據(jù)題干可知,句子的主語It和謂語動詞develop為被動關系,所以用被動語態(tài);設空處前已有was,所以本空只填過去分詞。故填developed。11.(2017福建,91)Itiscelebratedontheninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth.It’salso(call)theDoubleNinthFestival.

【答案】ca