2022年新疆大學(xué)英語考試真題卷七

2022年新疆大學(xué)英語考試真題卷七

（本卷共分為1大題50小題.作答時(shí)間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格。）

單位：姓名：考號(hào)：

題號(hào)單選題多項(xiàng)選擇判斷題綜合題總分

分值

得分

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(共50題，每題2分。每題的備選項(xiàng)中，只有一個(gè)最符合題意)

1.ChinaissettingtoovertakeJapanastheworld*ssecond-largest

economybehindtheU.S.thisyear.Despiteitsfastgrowthoverthepast

threedecades,Chinaremainsadevelopingeconomy.Economistshaveso

fardescribedChina1sovertakingofJapanas"justsymbolicn.Early

Monday,theJapanesegovernmentestimateditsgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)

at$1.286trillion(8.74trillionyuan)intheApriI-to-Junequarter,

comparedtoChina,s$1.335trillion.ChinahassurpassedJapanin

quarterlyGDPfiguresbefore,butthistimeitisunlikelytobea

temporaryswitch.Chinaisgrowingatabout10percentayear,whileJapan

isforecasttogrowat2to3percentthisyear.Despiteemergingas

aneconomicpower,Chinaremainsfarbehindmanycountriesifpercapita

GDPistakenintoaccount.In2009,ChinareportedapercapitaGDP

of$3,687,ascomparedto$37,800forJapanand$46,436fortheU.

S..Asaresult,KyoheiMorita,chiefeconomistatBarclaysCapital

inTokyo,describedChina'sovertakingofJapanas"Just

symboIic--nothingmorethanthat."Commentingonthesituation,aNew

YorkTimesreportsaidChinais"acountryburdenedwithafifthofthe

worId*spopuIationandinsufficientresources.Itspercapitaincome

ismoreonaparwiththoseofimpoverishednationsIikeAlgeriaand

Albania."CuiPengatCBNWeekIywrotethat"there*snoreasonto

getexcitedjustbecauseChinahassurpassedJapaninGDP".Bywayof

explanation,hecomparedGDPtoacompany*sturnover."Ahighturnover

doesn,taIwaysbringhighprofits;thehighcostsbehindtheturnover

mightmakethecompanyIosemoney,“heexpIained.Also,ChinaisstiII

facingdomesticproblemsIikepovertyandawideningwealthgap.

"Chinaisadevelopingcountry.ThequaIityofChina*seconomic

deveIopmentstillneedstoberaised.Itneedsmoreefforttoimprove

economicquaIityandpeople'sIives,"saidYaoJian,CommerceMinistry

spokesman,onTuesday.Itwasthegovernment*sfirstpubIicreaction

tothenews.

Thephrase"onaparwith"inParagraph7isclosestinmeaningto.

A.asgoodorbadasothers

B.thevaluethatashareinacompanyhadoriginally

C.thenumberofstrokesagoodplayershouldhold

D.incontactwith

2.China*sdeadusedtobeburiedinwoodencoffinsonadedicatedarea

offarmland,whichintraditionalthinkingaIIowedthemtobereunited

intheafterIife.However,centralauthoritiesbannedthepracticein

1997toconservespace,andsincethenalIethnicHanGhinesehavebeen

cremated.Yet,asdecadesofurbanizationmadesomepeopIerichand

forcedotherstomovefarfromhomeforwork,greateremphasishas

graduallybeenputondoingmoreforparentsandrelativesinthe

afterIife.Funeralandcemeterybusinessestodayareturningmassive

profitsandtheindustryisattractingsomemajorplayers.InAugust,

lastyear,ChinaHeaIthcareHoIdings,acompanyIistedinHongKong,spent

HK$3,36billion($430miIIion)tobuyMascotLand,whichownsfive

graveyardsacrossChina,includingFushouyuaninShanghai.Two

privateequityfundsoperatedbytheUnitedStates-basedCarlyleGroup

aIsoinvested$100miIIioninthedeal,showinginternationalinterest

intheChinesemarket.*'Abouthalfofthecountry1scemeteriesare

State-owned,"saidaninsiderwithaShanghaiprivateequitywhodidnot

wanttobeidentified."Profitsforfuneralbusinessesarehuge,with

aturnaroundof200to300percentwithinthreeyears."HebIamedthe

pricehikeonthe"scarcityofland'*andadded:"We'readvisingpeople

tobuy(pIots)inadvance."Roughly9miIIionpeopIedieontheChinese

mainIandeveryyear,withhalfofthemcremated,saidZhangHongchang,

vice-presidentandsecretary-generaIoftheChinaFuneralAssociation,

duringaspeechinHongKonginNovember.However,withjust1,792burial

sitesexistingnationwidebytheendof2009,manyareasarestruggIing

tomeetthedemandforsuchplots.Accordingtorecentmediareports,

cemeteriesinShanghai,oneofChina*smostdenselypopulatedcities

withabout23mi11ionpeopleIivingacrossIittIemorethan6,100square

kiIometers,mayrunoutofroominthenextdecade.ResidentsinJinan,

capitalofEastChina'sShandongprovinee,areaIsoreportedIyinvesting

inplotsinthehopeofprofitingfromfuturepriceincreases.

"SpecuIatingongravesisagainstChina,sfuneraIreguIationsandawaste

oflandresources,"saidZhanginhisspeech."Pricesshouldgoup,as

it*sawayofadjustingtothehugedemand,buttheyshouIdnotberising

outofcontrol."Headdedthatlargecities,includingBeijing,are

attemptingtopreventtombspecuIationbydemandingthatpotentiaIbuyers

presentthedeathcertificatesofdeceasedrelativesbeforemaking

purchases.Alongwiththegrowingcostofgraves,peopIearealso

spendingmoreonelaboratefuneralservices.Lastmonth,businessman

LinDayulaidout6miIIionyuanonalavishsend-offforhismotherin

WenIing,Zhejiangprovince.Theceremonyincludedafleetofnine

stretchedIimousinescoveredinwhiteflowers,aswe11asanorchestra

of-morethan600musiciansand600monks,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.

"Myfatherdiedearlyandit,wasn'teasyformymothertoraiseus.

Ijustwantedtobid.heranicefarewe11,'*saidthe40-year-oIdchairman

ofZhengtianGroup,whichhasinterestsintheautomobiIeandhoteI

industries."Chinesesparenoexpenseontwomajorevents:weddingsand

funerals.Theyreflectafamily'swealth,prestigeandsociaIstatus."

FuneralritesarealargepartofChinesecultureandrepresentthe

traditionalimportance,offiIiaIpiety,whichismentionedineverything

fromclassicfolktalestomoderntelevisionsoapoperas.

Theword"cremate"inParagraph5refersto.

A.buryingthedead

B.payingrespecttothedead

C.burningthedeadtoashes

D.mourningthedead

3.Taiwan-basedRockRecordswasalreadywe11knowninthemainIandand

HongKongatatimewhenChinesemusicfansfirststartedhearingabout

Sony,BMGandEMI.Thelargestindependentrecordlabelinthe

Chinese-languagemusicmarkethasproducedsome1,800albumsandmore

than20,000songsin30years.Tocelebrateits30thanniversary,the

companyheldtwosoId-outgigsinTaipeiinNovember,2010,featuring

some70singersincludingEmiIChau,BobbyChen,ChangChen-yue,Richie

Ren,WuBai,ReneLiu,KarenMokandthebandMayDay,"I'maregular

concert-goerandattend50concertsayear,butsittingattheTaipei

ArenaandhearingthosestarssingingaIIthosesongsthatIhadgrown

upwith,feltIikeapiIgrimage,"saysKangPei,areporterwithThe

BeijingNews,andoneoftheinviteestotheTaipeiconcerts.Kang

wasoneofthefewluckyonesfromthemainIandtojointheaudienceof

some40,000inTaipei.Butforthosewhomissedout,RockRecordswi11

presentabiggershowatBird1sNestonMay1.JohnnyDuann,founder

andchairmanofthecompanytellsChinaDailytheconcertwiIIstartat

4.30pmandfeaturemorethan60singersoversixhours.Hesays,so

far,32singershave-confirmedtheirparticipation,whiletalkswiththe

othersareongoing.TheyincIudeChinesemainlandsingersoncesigned

withthelabeIsuchasLiQuan,theduoYuQuan,andthe"ThreeStars

ofMagicStone'1—DouWei,ZhangChuandHeYong.TheDuannbrothers

JohnnyandSamwerebigteenagefansofrock,withSamthebassistof

abandpopularatTaiwan*sNationalChiaoTungUniversity.In1976,they

estabIishedRockMusicGrouptooperateastringofbusinessesthat

incIudedmagazines,fiImandTV.Butayearlater,thebrothershad

chaIkeduphugedebtsthroughthefailureoftheirmusicmagazine.At

thattime,WuTsu-tsu,afolkmusicianwhowaspopularwithTaiwan*s

youthforanewstyleofmeIanchoIicmusic,knownas"campusfolksongs",

approachedtheDuannbrothersandaskediftheywouldreleaseanalbum

ofhissongs.Wu'sofferencouragedtheDuannstogoaheadwiththeventure.

In1980,RockRecordswasestabIishedandwithinayearalIdebtshad

beenpaid.Businessexpandedrapidly,movingfrommusicproductionto

itsdistributionandretaiIing.In1985,RockRecordsbecamethe

exclusiveIicenseeofEMIandBMGinTaiwan.InAugust1991,RockMusic

PubIishingwasestabIished,providinglyricists,composersand

independentmusiciansprofessionalservices,diversifyingRock's

musicaIbase.11openedsubsidiariesinSingaporeandMaIaysiain1992r

inHongKong,theChinesemainIandand,SouthKoreain1993,inJapan

andThailandin1996andinthePhiIippinesin1997.In1994,itsartist

JutoupiappearedonthecoverofBi11board,thefirstChineseartistto

besofeatured.Butthesteadydeciineintheworld'srecording

industryoverthenextdecade,withtheolderartistsexitingthestage

andavarietyofnewmusicalstylesandyoungtalentsemerging,Rock

Recordswasfacedwithonecrisisafteranother.EventhoughthelabeI

sinfluenceintheChineseIanguagemusicsceneattractedmanybuyers,

theDuannsresistedalIoffersastheydidnotwanttocompromisetheir

independence."Thirtyyearssoundslong,butforaman,30yearsis

stillyoungandconsideredagoldenage.AnoldChinesesayinggoesa

manstandsupat30,"Johnnysays."Weneededtodosomethingtorevive

ourcourageandhope."SoheinvitedalIthelabel1sfeatured

artists-formerandcurrent-togettogetherforacelebrationconcert.

"ThetwocelebrationgigsatTaipeiArenaprovedtobeahugesuccess.

Itgreatlyencouragedeveryoneofusthatwesti11havefans,themarket

andhope,"Johnnysays.Although57now,heretainsthesame

enthusiasmformusicthathehadwhenhefirststeppedintotheindustry.

WhentoIdfansinthemainIandtoowerehopingtoseeaceIebrationconcert,

heapproachedtheChinaArtsandEntertainmentGroup,withwhomhehad

collaboratedontheSuperBandnationaItourin2009,forabiggershow

inBeijing."Itisthepowerofmusicthathaskeptmegoinga11these

30years,"Johnnysays."BusinessisIikelife;itisfullofupsand

downs.Whentherecordingindustrywasthrivinginthe1980s,noone

thoughtitwoulddeciinein20years.PeopIesaytherecordingindustry

isdying,butIdon'tthinkso.Yes,technologyhaschangedthemusic

industry.WhenRockRecordswasfounded,peopleIistenedtocassettes,

thencameCDs,fo11owedbyMP3playersandnowyoucandownIoadfreemusic

fromtheInternet.WhattechnoIogyhaschangedisnotmusicbuttheways

itspreads."Somethreedecadesago,Iisteningtomusicwasamajor

(sourceof)entertainmentbutnowpeopIehaveavarietyofchoices.n

"IstillhavedreamsandI'malwayswaitingforsomethingmagicalto

happ

A.celebratesthe30thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofRockMusicGroup

B.attractsonlyChinesemainlandsingers

C.isanovernightcelebrationshow

D.willattractlargeraudiencethantheoneinTaipei

4.ThefirststepofyourjobappIicationchaIIengesyourhandIingofwords,

andaweIl-written.CVscores.Butwhenyouadvancetotheinterviewstage,

asituationmanyjobseekersfacenow,ittakesonIythreetofive.seconds

tomakeafirstimpression,andyoucan,tcrammanywordsintofiveseconds.

So,youneedtoplayitsmartintermsofyourbodyIanguage.Body

Ianguageaccountsfor55percentofyour,firstimpression,with38

percentcomingfromyourtoneofvoiceandtheremaining7percentfrom

youractuaIwords,accordingtoastudybyUniversityofCalifornia,Los

AngeIes(UCLA)professorAlbertMehrabian.Asaresult,thingsIike

eyecontactandhandgesturestakeongreatimportanceinsituationssuch

asjobinterviews.So,howcanyoumaximizeyourchancesandensurethat

yougiveyourprospectivebosstherightimpression1)EstabIisheye

contactThisshowsthatyouareconfidentandpreparedforthe

interview.TheexpertsatBest-job-interview.cornsuggestthatyouhold

eyecontactforperiodsofroughly10secondsbeforebrieflyIookingaway.

Inordertoavoidstaringatyourinterviewer,whichcanbeseenasa

signofaggression,youcanblinkandnodyourheadatregularintervals.

Incidentally,donotlookdown,asthismakesyouseeminsincereor

submissive.2)Don'tfoldyourarmsThisisacIassicjobinterview

no-no,asfoldingyourarmsacrossyourchestisaclearsignof

defensivenessandaclosedattitude.It*salsobettertoavoidmaking

toomanyhandgestures,asthisindicatesbothnervousnessandalack

ofprofessionalism.Expertssuggestthatsittingcomfortablywith

yourpalmsfacingupshowsopennessandhonesty,andwiIIalsoencourage

yourinterviewertobeopenandhonestinreturn.3)SteepIeyour

fingersPressingyourfingerstogethertoformasteepIegivesthe

impressionthatyouareattentiveandthoughtfuI.Don,toverdoit,though.

ToomuchMsteepIing"maysuggestthatyou'reoverambitiousandgunning

fortheinterviewer,sjob.It*saIsogenerallyagoodideatosit

inacomfortablepositionwithyourhandslooselyclasped,eitherin

your!laporonthetable.Doingsowi11makeyouappearconfidentand

incontroIofyourseIf.Expertssuggestyoupractisesittingindifferent

positionstofindonethatsuitsyou.4）Don1tplaywithyourhair

Fidgeting,includingplayingwithyourhair,suggestsnervousness.And

foryoungwomen,ifyourinterviewerismaleandyouplaywithyourhairt

yourgesturecouldbeinterpretedasflirting,definitelynotthe

impressionyouwanttogive.Furthertothis,anytouchingoftheface

shouIdbeavoidedduringyourinterview,asitwillmakeyouappear

nervousanduncertain.Rubbingyourfacecanbeperceivedasasign

ofirritation,somethingyouwiIIwanttoavoid,evenifyoufeel

irritatedduringyourinterview.

AccordingtoProfessorAlbertMehrabian,isthedominanteIement

ofthefirstimpression.

A.toneofvoice

B.actualwords

C.bodylanguage

D.dressing

5.ChineseknottingwasoriginallydeveIopednotasanartforminitseIf

butwasusedtoattachaccessories,suchasjadependants（玉墜），to

cIothing.Today,itisconsideredbeautifuIinitsownright,thanksto

peopIesuchasTaiwan1sChenXiasheng.Chen,whowasbornin1939,

hasstudiedChineseknottingsincetheearly1970sandwasoneofthe

firstpeopIetointroducethecenturies-oldcraft-withtheheIpofbooks

andexhibitions——tobothChineseandWesternaudiences,helpingitbecome

knownaroundtheworIdasZhongguojie.OnWednesday,shewashonored

forhercontributiontoChineseknottingattheOutstandingFashion

PersonagesAwardCeremony2011,whichwereheldinBeijing,"These

days,somanydomesticdesignersarescrambIingforideasfromWestern

countries,despitethefactthatwealreadyhavesuchelegant,beautiful

knotting,MChensaid."WhynotuseChineseknottingasafreshelement

inclothingdesignnHeraffectionforknottingdeveIopedoutofher

interestinancientcIothingwhensheworkedasaresearcherattheTaipei

PaIaceMuseumbetween1972and2001.ShesaidChinesepeopIehavebeen

usingknotsfordecorationsineethe5thcenturyBCandawiderangeof

knotshavebeendeveIopedovertheyears."Thearchaeological

significanceofthisisyoucanfigureoutwhenanantiquewasmadebased

onthedecorationandknottingithas,"Chensaid.ShesaidknowIedge

oftheknotsheIpedherwhenshewasaresearcherbutshewasnotsatisfied

tokeepthemonpaperandwantedtoseewhattheyIookedIikeinbright

colorsandexperiencethewaytheyfelt.Sheusedinformationabout

Chineseknottingavaitableatthetime,suchasfromancientbooks,

carvingsandpaintings,tostarttomakeknots."IcopiedaIItheknots

Isawonpaintings.ThenIanalyzedtheirstructureandfoundthatalI

theknottingwasformedbyvariablearrangementsofsome'basiccelIs9

Chensaid,addingthatherco11egeeducationinmathematicsheIpedher

makesenseofthem.Chensaid14"basiccells"wereusedinvarious

combinations."ThisissodifferentfromknotsfoundinWestern

countries,becausetheyhaveonlytwobasictypes.n"IntheWest,

peopIeuseverysimpleknotstoformcompIexshapes,suchasatreeor

adog,buttheknotsthemselvesarenotdecorative.Incontrast,the

Chineseknotsthemselvesareornamental,"shesaid,pointingtoa

neckIacemadeofChineseknotsandsmaIIjaderings.TheneckIaceis

oneofChen1sfavoritesandstandsoutamongthehundredsshehasmade

duringthepastfourdecades.Chenhasusedvariousmaterials,

includingcottonthread,siIverthreadandsilk,tomakeandcreatenew

shapes."Basedonthebasicknots,youcancreatecountlessshapes,”

shesaid.Atthesametime,shehaswrittenaseriesofbooksthathave

beensoldaroundtheworIdthatteIIothershowtotiesuchknots.In

pubIishingthebooks,shegaveageneralnametoChinese

knots-Zhongguojie-andcalledeachspecificknotbyitsownname.

Thanksinparttothepopularityofherbooksandthegeneralnameshe

hasgiventotheknots,ChineseknotshavebecomeasymbolofChinaand

arebecomingmorepopular,notonlydomestica11ybutalsooverseas.

ChenwashonoredtheOutstandingFashionPersonagesAward2011inBeijing

dueto.

A.herpromotingChineseknottingdomesticallyandoverseas

B.theresearchesshehadconductedonChineseknotting

C.hercomparisonofChineseknotsandtheknotsinwesterncountries

D.herideaofusingChineseknottingasafreshelementinclothingdesign

6.Theword"laser"wascoinedasanacronymforLightAmpIificationby

theStimulatedEmissionofRadiation.Ordinarylight,fromtheSunor

aIightbulb,isemittedspontaneously,whenatomsormoIecuIesgetrid

ofexcessenergybythemselves,withoutanyoutsideintervention.

StimuIatedemissionisdifferentbecauseitoccurswhenanatomor

moIecuIeholdingontoexcessenergyhasbeenstimulatedtoemititas

Iight.AlbertEinsteinwasthefirsttosuggesttheexistenceof

stimuIatedemissioninapaperpubIishedin1917.However,formanyyears,

physiciststhoughtthatatomsandmoleculesaIwaysweremuchmoreIikely

toemitIightspontaneouslyandthatstimuIatedemissionthusalways

wouldbemuchweaker.ItwasnotuntiIaftertheSecondWorldWarthat

physicistsbegantryingtomakestimuIatedemissiondominate.Theysought

waysbywhichoneatomormoIecuIecouldstimuIatemanyotherstoemit

Iight,ampIifyingittomuchhigherpowers.Thefirsttosucceedwas

CharlesH.Townes,thenatCoIumbiaUniversityinNewYork.Insteadof

workingwithIight,however,heworkedwithmicrowaves,whichhaveamuch

longerwaveIength,andbuiltadevicehecaIIedanmaser",forMicrowave

AmpIificationbytheStimuIatedEmissionofRadiation.Althoughhe

thoughtofthekeyideain1951,thefirstmaserwasnotcompIeteduntiI

acoupleofyearslater.Beforelong,manyotherphysicistswerebuiIding

masersandtryingtodiscoverhowtoproducestimuIatedmissionateven

shorterwavelengths.Thekeyconceptsemergedabout1957.Townesand

ArthurSchawIow,thenatBelITelephoneLaboratories,wrotealongpaper

outIiningtheconditionsneededtoampIifystimuIatedemissionofvisible

Iightwaves.Ataboutthesametime,similarideascrystalIizedinthe

mindofGordonGould,thena37-year-oldgraduatestudentatColumbia,

whowrotethemdowninaseriesofnotebooks.TownesandSchawIow

pubIishedtheirideasinascientificjournal,PhysicalReviewLetters,

butGouldfiledapatentapplication.Somedecadeslater,peopIestill

argueaboutwhodeservesthecreditfortheconceptofthelaser.

WhywasTownes'earlyworkwithstimuIatedemissiondonewithmicrowaves

A.Hewasnotconcernedwithlightamplification.

B.Itwaseasiertoworkwithlongerwavelengths.

C.HispartnerSchawlowhadalreadybegunworkingonthelaser.

D.Thelaserhadalreadybeendevelope

7.Summergivesstudentstimetoboosttheirresumesorfattentheir

walletsbydoinginternshipsorpart-timejobs.Butasfloods,heatwaves

andmudsIidesbegansteaIingthesummer*sheadIines,afewstudents

decidedtousetheirtimeinamoremeaningfuIway-byhelpingothers.

WangKaifasophomoreatChongqingUniversityofTechnology,usedhis

micro-blogtosendoutsomeoftheearIiestdetaiIsabout

mudsIide-strickenZhouqu,inGansuprovinee.BeforeJournaIistscould

reachthetown,WangwasoperatingIikeaone-mannewsagency,jotting

downwhathesawwithhisphoneanddigitalcamera.Hisblogquicklybecame

oneofthepublic'smainsourcesofinformationaboutthedisaster.

"Infact,Iamalsoavictimofthedisaster,"WangtoldtheSundayNews

WeekIy."SomeofmyreIativesdiedinthemudsIide,butIthoughtIshouId

dosomethingtohelpsoIusedmymicro-biog.MThenthere1sChengdu

UniversityofInformationTechnologysophomore,ZhaoYan.The

19-year-oldfromWenchuan,Sichuanprovince,beIievesthatself-rescue

andpre-disasterpreventionareofvitalimportanceafteradisaster

strikes.Alongwithsome2,000peersalIoverthecountry,Zhaohelped

togointo200differentunderdevelopedregionsinJuIytoeducateIocaIs

aboutwhattheycandotoprotectthemseIvesamidnature*sfury."Many

oftheIiveslostinearthquakesandfloodsareduetotheabsenceof

basicknowledgeofprevention,evacuationandrescue,"saidZhao."The

tipswegavetothoseresidentscouIdsaveIives."RenJia,20,aWuhan

UniversityofTechnologyjunior,spentthesummerwalkingalongtheshore

oftheYangtzeRiverinWuhancity.Andsomeofherfriendswarnedher

ofwastingprecioustimetogainexperience.Butthewideningriver,she

says,ismakingsomeriverbanksaccessibletokidsandputtingthemat

risk.Rencannotjuststandbyanddonothing."Everyyear,Ihear

newsaboutkidsdrowningwhileswimminginrivers,"saidRen."SoI

decidedtomonitorsomeoftheriskyspotsinordertokeepkidsaway

fromthewater."Evenbusiness-mindedstudentsarefindingwaysto

helptheneedy.GuangzhouUniversitysophomore,XuLishan,19,hasopened

aTaobaostoreandbegunsellingaccessories.ShesaysshewiIIco11ect

alIthemoneyshehasearnedfromthe"business"andthendonateitto

disastervictims."Inrecentyears,ourcountryhasexperiencedalot

ofdisasterswhichmademethink.IfeetIamobiigedtodosomething,

eventhoughIcannotgotothedisaster-strickenregionspersonally,"

saidXu.UniversityofficiaIshavehighpraiseforstudentswhoare

willingtosacrificecashandexperiencetohelpothers."Whenthey

helpotherswithoutcondition,theyrealizetheirresponsibiIitiesto

othersandtosociety,"saidZhaoYanhong,astaffmemberinthestudent

affairsofficeatBeijingUniversityofTechnology."Thisis,infact,

themostdecisivefactorfo