湖北部分名校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試卷

2024年湖北部分名校高二期中聯(lián)考高二英語試卷考試時間：2024年11月13日上午8:0010:00試卷滿分：150分注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A.Thehikingclub.B.Thebicycleclub.C.Therockclimbingclub.2.Whenwillthecrewreturntothelandingsite?A.Infourmonths.B.Insixmonths.C.Intenmonths.3.Howwillthemangototheairporttomorrow?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Familymembers.C.Doctorandpatient.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Athemepark.B.Acartoon.C.Acity.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inafurnitureshop.7.HowdoesAliciasoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Grateful.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8WhatisMrs.Hayleydoing?A.Takingatrip.B.Meetingaclient.C.Dealingwithanemergency.9.WhatdoesthewomansuggestDaviddo?A.Writedownsomeinformation.B.ContactMrs.Hayleylater.C.Sendadocument.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatseasonisnotincludedfromtheyearlypass?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Fall.11.Whatisthepriceforaoneyearunlimitedpass?A.$100.B.$110.C.$150.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?AMakepayment.B.Checkhercar’scondition.C.Filloutaform.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisMatthewnow?A.Inabigcity.B.Inamountainvillage.C.Inacoastaltown.14.WhydoesMatthewetoChinaagain?A.Forfun.B.Forstudy.C.Forbusiness.15.WhatdoesthewomanaskMatthewtodo?A.Bringherapresent.B.Makestickyriceteacake.C.Takecareofhisgrandmother.16.WhatmadeMatthewexhausted?A.Pickingtealeaves.B.Catchingachicken.C.Diggingforbambooshoots.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.panyemployees.B.Town’sresidents.C.Governmentofficials.18.Whywasthissitetobechosenforhousing?A.Twolargesecondaryschoolsarecloseby.B.Thesurroundingsarebeautiful.C.Thelocationisconvenient.19.Howfaristhissitefromthehospital?A.A15minutedrive.B.A20minutedrive.C.A45minutedrive.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Showamap.B.Asksomequestions.C.Gotoasupermarket.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEastAfricaisoneofthebestplacestoenjoyincrediblehikes.Itssoaringhillsandmountainswithaccessiblesummitsandsnakingforesttrailshavemadeitthehomeofhikingexperiencestosuitmosttimeframesandfitnesslevels.MountMeruAsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.ClimbingMountMerupassesthroughmanydifferentvegetation(植被)zones.Thedryforestofthelowerregiongiveswaytoadensemountainrainforest,whichthenturnsintobush.Thetrailalsopassesthroughthehabitatsofanumberofwildanimalsincludingbuffaloes,baboonsandgiraffes.MountKenyaAt5,199metersabovesealevel,MountKenyaisanancientextinctvolcano.MountKenyahasthreepeaks—Batian,NelionandLenana,amongwhichonlyLenanacanbereachedbyaveragetrekkers(徒步者)andtheothertwoonlyfortechnicalclimbers.MountKenyaisalsoregardedasaholymountainbyallthemunitieslivingaroundit.TheyusethemountainfortraditionalritualsbasedonthebeliefthattheirtraditionalgodNgaiandhiswifeMumbiliveonthepeakofthemountain.MountKilimanjaroMountKilimanjaroreaches5,895metersabovesealevel.ItcanbeclimbedatanytimeoftheyearbutthereisusuallyalotmorerainduringApril,MayandNovember.Atthelowerlevels,youwillpassthroughcultivatedfarmlandsrisingthroughtropicalrainforestontoalpinemeadowsandfinallythebarrenlandscapeleadingtothesnowandicecappedsummit.Thelowerlevelsalsoofferthechancetoviewawidevarietyofanimals,birdsandfaunaintheirnaturalhabitat.UsambaraMountainRangeForhikerswhodonotwanttoundergothedifficultiesofclimbingchallengingpeakslikeKilimanjaroorKenya,Tanzania’sUsambaraMountainRangeoffersagreatalternative.Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthepanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.At2,440meters,UsambaraMountainishometoover3,000plantspeciesandover600treespecies.1.WhydomountaineersclimbMountMerufirstbeforetheydoKilimanjaro?A.Toviewawidevarietyofanimals. B.Toadmiredifferentvegetationzones.C.TogetusedtothesituationofKilimanjaro. D.ToavoidthehardshipofclimbingKilimanjaro.2.WhatdoweknowaboutMountKenya?A.Itisanactivevolcano.B.ItiseasiertoclimbparedwithKilimanjaro.C.Itissacredintheeyesofresidentslivingaroundit.D.Itsthreepeakscanbeaccessibletoinexperiencedtrekkers.3.WhatisspecialaboutUsambaraMountainRange?A.Itishardtogetaccessto.B.Itishometouniqueplantspecies.C.Itcanbeclimbedatanytimeoftheyear.D.Itdoesn’tneedparkrangerstoacpanytheclimbers.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.(作為坦桑尼亞的第二高峰，梅魯山經(jīng)常被登山者用來進(jìn)行適應(yīng)訓(xùn)練，然后再試圖征服乞力馬扎羅山)”可知，登山者先爬梅魯山，再爬乞力馬扎羅山是為了適應(yīng)乞力馬扎羅山的情況。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“MountKenyaisalsoregardedasaholymountainbyallthemunitieslivingaroundit.(肯尼亞山也被居住在它周圍的所有社區(qū)視為圣山)”可知，肯尼亞山在周圍居民眼中是神圣的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthepanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.(與需要許可證和公園護(hù)林員陪伴的徒步旅行不同，它很隨意，很容易到達(dá))”可知，烏桑巴拉山脈不需要公園管理員陪同登山者。故選D。BWhenacolleaguesentJohnMcFallajobadvertisementforwouldbeastronauts,hisreactionwasswift.Allhehadinhisheadwasthatitwouldbeawesometogotospace.However,doingsowouldinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling—onethathasheldfirmformorethansixdecadesofspaceexploration.Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.In2022,theEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)announcedthathewouldjointheminseekingtopushtheboundariesofspaceexplorationafterademandingselectionprocess.ThreeyearsafterspottingthejobpostingbyESA,McFallisnowontracktobeetheworld’sfirstastronautwithadisability.There’snoguaranteethatMcFallwillgointospace.InsteadtheagencyhasbeenputtinghimthroughtherequirementsofasixmonthmissiontotheInternationalSpaceStation.ThetestsareaimedatexploringquestionssuchashowMcFallwouldmoveandstabilizehimselfinmicrogravityandhowconditionsinspacewouldaffecthisprosthesis(假肢).Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.SincestartingwiththeESA,hehassoughttogentlypushpackagainstthewidelyusedtitleofparastronaut.“I’mnotaparasurgeon;I’masurgeon.I’mnotaparaded;I’madad,”hesaid,describingitasa“slipperyslope”toadd“para”infrontofanythingdonebysomeonewithaphysicaldisability.McFallishopingtochallengepeople’sperceptionofwhatanastronautlookslike.Hesaid,“Myjobistomakesurethatpeoplehaveawellroundedandinformeddefinitionofdisabilityandwhatbeingdisabledmeans.”4.Whydoesgoingtospaceinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling?A.BecauseMcFallfeelsitawfultogotospace.B.BecauseMcFallhastopassaglassbreakingtest.C.Becausetherehasbeennodisabledastronauttodate.D.Becausetheboundariesofspaceexplorationareeasytopush.5.Whathavethesignsindicatedsofar?A.Thetestsareunfairandinhuman. B.McFallwilldefinitelygotospace.C.MeFall’shopeforthefutureislost. D.SpaceflightisworkableforMacFall.6.WhatdoesMcFallwanttodoaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Joinhandswiththosedisabled.B.Pushpeopletoslipoveronaslope.C.Deepenpeople’sunderstandingofdisability.D.Proteststronglyagainsttheuseof“parastronaut”.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnMcFall?A.Generousandstrict. B.Courageousandinspiring.C.Ambitiousandtalented. D.Warmheartedandoutgoing.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。講述了John

McFall在成為殘疾人的情況下取得了非凡成就，包括在殘奧會獲獎及成為外科醫(yī)生，并通過ESA的選拔有望成為首位殘疾宇航員。此外，文章還傳達(dá)了McFall希望改變公眾對殘疾人和殘疾宇航員看法的信息。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,doingsowouldinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling—onethathasheldfirmformorethansixdecadesofspaceexploration.(然而，這樣做將需要打破一個玻璃天花板——一個在太空探索的六十多年里一直存在的天花板。)”和第二段第一句McFall的情況的描述“Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.(19歲時，在一次摩托車事故中失去右腿后，McFall成為了一名殘奧會運動員，在北京獲得了銅牌，后來成為了一名外科醫(yī)生。)”可知，太空探索領(lǐng)域還沒有殘疾宇航員，所以McFall如果成為宇航員，將打破這一現(xiàn)狀。因此，去太空要突破玻璃天花板的原因是到目前為止還沒有殘疾宇航員。故選C項。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.(到目前為止，所有的跡象都表明，太空飛行對McFall來說是可行的，這給了他希望，即他或一個有類似殘疾的人最終可以為即將到來的任務(wù)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。)”可知，目前所有的跡象都表明太空飛行對McFall來說是可行的。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段內(nèi)容“SincestartingwiththeESA,hehassoughttogentlypushpackagainstthewidelyusedtitleofparastronaut.‘I’mnotaparasurgeon;I’masurgeon.I’mnotaparaded;I’madad,’hesaid,describingitasa‘slipperyslope’toadd‘para’infrontofanythingdonebysomeonewithaphysicaldisability.McFallishopingtochallengepeople’sperceptionofwhatanastronautlookslike.Hesaid,‘Myjobistomakesurethatpeoplehaveawellroundedandinformeddefinitionofdisabilityandwhatbeingdisabledmeans.’(自加入歐洲航天局以來，他一直試圖溫和地抵制‘殘奧會宇航員’這一廣泛使用的頭銜?！也皇菤垔W會外科醫(yī)生，我是外科醫(yī)生。我不是殘奧會爸爸，我是爸爸，’他說，把‘殘奧’加在有身體殘疾的人所做的任何事情前面，是一個‘危險的滑坡’。McFall希望挑戰(zhàn)人們對宇航員形象的看法。他說：‘我的工作是確保人們對殘疾和殘疾意味著什么有一個全面和正確的認(rèn)識?！?”可知，McFall想要加深人們對殘疾和殘疾人能力的理解，而不僅僅是在這些稱謂上做文章。故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.(19歲時，在一次摩托車事故中失去右腿后，McFall成為了一名殘奧會運動員，在北京獲得了銅牌，后來成為了一名外科醫(yī)生。)”和第三段中的“Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.(到目前為止，所有的跡象都表明，太空飛行對McFall來說是可行的，這給了他希望，即他或一個有類似殘疾的人最終可以為即將到來的任務(wù)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。)”以及最后兩段McFall想要加深人們對殘疾的理解可知，JohnMcFall在失去右腿后仍然努力奮斗，成為了殘奧會運動員和外科醫(yī)生，并有可能成為世界上第一個殘疾宇航員，他的經(jīng)歷是勇敢和鼓舞人心的。故選B項。CNoneofusliketothinkwe’dwalkonbywhensomeoneneededourhelp.Butsometimeswebehaveinwayswewouldn’texpectwhenencounteringasituationweareunsureabout.ResearchfromtheBritishHeartFoundationhassuggestedthatathirdofpeoplewouldnotperformfirstaidiftheysawsomeonecollapseonthestreet,withsomeevenadmittingtheywouldn’tcallanambulance.Thiscansometimesmeanthatnoonehelpswhensomeonedesperatelyneedsit.However,alotoftragiceventsurgeustotakeimmediateaction.OneofthemostfamousexamplesofthisisthetragiccaseofKittyGenovesewhowasfatallystabbed(刺、捅)inKewGardens,NewYork,in1964.Followupinvestigationsconcludedthatseveralpeoplesaworheardwhatwashappening,butdidnothingtointervene.Thishasbeentermedthe“bystandereffect”—awellknownpsychologicalphenomenonthatindividualsarelesslikelytoofferhelptosomeonewhenotherpeoplearepresent.Themorepeoplethereare,thelesslikelytheyaretohelp.Therearevariousfactorscontributingtothiseffect—peoplethinkthatotherswillgetinvolvedorintervene.Afterwardspeopleoftensaytheydidnotfeelqualifiedorseniororimportantenoughtobetheonetointervene.Itisalsopartlydownto“pluralisticignorance”—sinceeveryoneisnotreactingtotheemergency,theydon’tneedtoeither;it’snotseriousbecausenooneelseisdoinganything.Selfawarenessisthebestantidotetoit.Whenencounteringanemergency,thinktoyourselfhowyouwouldbehaveifyouwereonyourown.Ignoreeveryoneelseandhowtheyarebehavingandgowithyourinstinct(直覺)—ifyou’dcallanambulance,doit.Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldsomepeopledowhensomeoneneedshelp?A.Tobehaveinproperways. B.Torushtogiveahand.C.Togiveimmediatefirstaid. D.Tohesitatetointervene.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout“bystandereffect”iscorrect?A.Itisararepsychologicalphenomenon.B.Peopleareunwillingtohelpforlackofqualification.C.Someonewillstepinwhenmorepeoplearegathering.D.Itresultsfrom“pluralisticignorance”tosomedegree.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antidote”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Devotion. B.Introduction. C.Solution. D.Resistance.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Don’tBeaBystander B.StayawayfromEmergenciesC.RaiseAwarenessofFirstAid D.Don’tIntervenein“BystanderEffect”【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章開篇提出人們在面對他人需要幫助時存在的一些不作為現(xiàn)象這一問題，接著通過KittyGenovese的事例引入“旁觀者效應(yīng)”這一概念并對其進(jìn)行分析闡述，包括產(chǎn)生該效應(yīng)的多種因素，最后提出自我意識是應(yīng)對“旁觀者效應(yīng)”的解決辦法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butsometimeswebehaveinwayswewouldn’texpectwhenencounteringasituationweareunsureabout.ResearchfromtheBritishHeartFoundationhassuggestedthatathirdofpeoplewouldnotperformfirstaidiftheysawsomeonecollapseonthestreet,withsomeevenadmittingtheywouldn’tcallanambulance.(但有時，當(dāng)我們遇到不確定的情況時，我們的行為方式會出乎我們的意料。英國心臟基金會的研究表明，如果看到有人在街上暈倒，三分之一的人不會進(jìn)行急救，有些人甚至承認(rèn)他們不會叫救護(hù)車。)”可知，有些人在他人需要幫助時會表現(xiàn)出猶豫，不確定是否要采取幫助行動，比如進(jìn)行急救或叫救護(hù)車等，即，有些人會猶豫是否干預(yù)。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therearevariousfactorscontributingtothiseffect—peoplethinkthatotherswillgetinvolvedorintervene.Afterwardspeopleoftensaytheydidnotfeelqualifiedorseniororimportantenoughtobetheonetointervene.Itisalsopartlydownto“pluralisticignorance”—sinceeveryoneisnotreactingtotheemergency,theydon’tneedtoeither;it’snotseriousbecausenooneelseisdoinganything.(造成這種效應(yīng)有多種因素——人們認(rèn)為其他人會介入或干預(yù)。之后人們常說他們覺得自己不夠格、不夠資深或不夠重要，不足以成為介入的那個人。這在一定程度上也歸因于“多元無知”——既然每個人都對緊急情況沒有反應(yīng)，他們也覺得自己沒必要反應(yīng)；因為其他人都沒做什么，所以就覺得情況不嚴(yán)重。)”可知，多個因素導(dǎo)致了旁觀者效應(yīng)，其中包括“多元無知”，即因所有人不反應(yīng)所以認(rèn)為不嚴(yán)重，故選D項?！?0題詳解】詞句猜題題。根據(jù)最后一段“Selfawarenessisthebestantidotetoit.Whenencounteringanemergency,thinktoyourselfhowyouwouldbehaveifyouwereonyourown.Ignoreeveryoneelseandhowtheyarebehavingandgowithyourinstinct(直覺)—ifyou’dcallanambulance,doit.Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.(自我意識是應(yīng)對它的最佳……。當(dāng)遇到緊急情況時，想想如果你獨自面對會怎么做。忽略其他人以及他們的行為，聽從你的直覺——如果你會叫救護(hù)車，那就叫。如果你會跑去求助，那就去。如果這是你獨自面對時會采取的行為方式，那么這可能就是正確的行動方案。)”可知，自我意識是應(yīng)對“旁觀者效應(yīng)”的最佳解決方案，段落闡述了通過自我意識按照自己本能行動的具體做法，由此可推斷antidote在這里是指應(yīng)對、解決“旁觀者效應(yīng)”的辦法，故選C項。11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thishasbeentermedthe“bystandereffect”—awellknownpsychologicalphenomenonthatindividualsarelesslikelytoofferhelptosomeonewhenotherpeoplearepresent.Themorepeoplethereare,thelesslikelytheyaretohelp.(這被稱為“旁觀者效應(yīng)”——一種眾所周知的心理現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)其他人在場時，個人不太可能向某人提供幫助。人越多，他們提供幫助的可能性就越小。)”及最后一段中“Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.(如果你愿意尋求幫助，那就去做吧。如果這就是你獨自一人時的行為方式，那么這可能是正確的做法。)”可知，文章主要圍繞“旁觀者效應(yīng)”展開，講述了人們在他人需要幫助時由于該效應(yīng)而不施救的現(xiàn)象及原因，最后又提出通過自我意識避免成為旁觀者的解決辦法，整體都是在強調(diào)不要在他人有需要時只做旁觀者，而要采取行動去幫助，A項“.Don’tBeaBystander(不要成為旁觀者)”最能概括全文，故選A項。DHeatimpactsonfoodproductionnowregularlypresentthemselves.“Wehavebeenworriedaboutthisforyears,sayingtheissuewasgoingtogetworse—nowitis,”saysZitouniOuldDada,deputydirectorintheOfficeofClimateChange,BiodiversityandEnvironmentattheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).“Cropsneedanorm(常態(tài));anychangesordisturbancetocycleswillleadtonegativeimpacts.Somecropssimplywon’tgrowincertainareasanymore.Droughtaffectsthequalityofthesoil,theminerals,andtheproductivityoftheplant.”Researchshowsthatyieldsofsomecrops,suchasmaizeandwheatinmanylowerlatituderegions,havealreadybeenaffectedbyclimatechange.However,yieldsofmaize,wheatandsugarbeetinhigherlatitudeshavebeenaffectedpositivelyinrecentdecades.“Somecropsaremoretolerantofheatbut,overtime,ifthesetemperaturesbeethenorm,andarefollowedbyextremelyhighheatonoccasion,allcropseventuallygetaffected.”O(jiān)uldDadawarns.Heatimpactsarenotonlylimitedtofoodproduction.Smalleryieldsandchanginggrowingzonescouldleadtogreateruseoffertilisersandwater,andthefurtherlossofbiodiversity.Domesticanimalsarejustasvulnerable(易受……傷害的)toheatstress,withknockonimpactsoncattleraisedformeatanddairyanimals.Meanwhile,fisheriesandaquaculture(水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè))faceissuesaroundwarmerwatersandacidification.“Aheatingworld,”saysOuldDada,“isforcingustorethinkhowweproducefood,processitandstoreit.”Thekeymessage,arguesOuldDada,isforfarmerstoexchangebestpracticeanddiversify:ifonecropfallstoheat,anothermaygrow.Besides,Farmerscouldbecreative,forexample,byinstallingsolarpanelsinfields;plantsbenefitfromshadeandthepanelsgenerateelectricityandgatherrainwater.“FoodproductionitselfwillcausetheemissionofCO.Wehavetodothisinawaythatbenefitsnature,thelivelihoodsoffarmersandlocalmunities,”addsOuldDada.12.Whateffectdoesheathaveonfoodproductionaccordingtothepassage?A.Theoverallyieldsoffoodhavenotbeenaffected.B.Theoutputofcertaincropsinlowerlatitudeshasincreased.C.Somecropsarenotlikelytoadapttocertainareasanymore.D.Somecropsmoretolerantofheatwon’tgetaffectedovertime.13.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Furtherheatimpacts. B.Heatimpactsonfoodproduction.CThelossofbiodiversity. D.Issuesonfisheriesandaquaculture.14.Whatisthekeytocopingwithheatimpactsonfoodproduction?A.Creatingnewplantspecies. B.Processingandstoringfood.C.Installingsolarpanelsinfields. D.Sharingmethodsandvaryingcrops.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromOuldDada’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Farmersneedtoputtheoryintopracticeintime.B.Wehadbettertakeenvironmentfriendlymeasures.C.Aheatingworldispushingustoproducehealthyfood.D.Foodproductionismerelytoblameforclimatechange.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了全球變暖對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的影響及應(yīng)對策略?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Cropsneedanorm(常態(tài));anychangesordisturbancetocycleswillleadtonegativeimpacts.Somecropssimplywon’tgrowincertainareasanymore.Droughtaffectsthequalityofthesoil,theminerals,andtheproductivityoftheplant.(作物需要有一個常態(tài)；任何變化或周期的干擾都會導(dǎo)致負(fù)面影響。有些作物在某些地區(qū)根本無法再生長。干旱會影響土壤質(zhì)量、礦物質(zhì)和植物生產(chǎn)力。)”可知，由于高溫，某些作物已無法再適應(yīng)某些地區(qū)的生長條件。故選C?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第四段“Heatimpactsarenotonlylimitedtofoodproduction.Smalleryieldsandchanginggrowingzonescouldleadtogreateruseoffertilisersandwater,andthefurtherlossofbiodiversity.Domesticanimalsarejustasvulnerable(易受……傷害的)toheatstress,withknockonimpactsoncattleraisedformeatanddairyanimals.Meanwhile,fisheriesandaquaculture(水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè))faceissuesaroundwarmerwatersandacidification.(熱效應(yīng)不僅限于糧食生產(chǎn)。產(chǎn)量減少和種植區(qū)的變化可能導(dǎo)致肥料和水的更多使用，以及生物多樣性的進(jìn)一步喪失。家畜同樣容易受到熱應(yīng)激的影響，這對飼養(yǎng)用于肉類和奶制品的牲畜產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)。與此同時，漁業(yè)和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)也面臨著水溫升高和酸化的問題。)”可知，本段主要講述熱效應(yīng)對除糧食生產(chǎn)外其他方面的廣泛影響，即熱效應(yīng)的進(jìn)一步的影響。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Thekeymessage,arguesOuldDada,isforfarmerstoexchangebestpracticeanddiversify:ifonecropfallstoheat,anothermaygrow.(OuldDada認(rèn)為，關(guān)鍵信息是農(nóng)民應(yīng)該分享最佳實踐并多樣化種植：如果一種作物因熱而受損，另一種作物可能還能生長。)”可知，應(yīng)對熱效應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵在于農(nóng)民之間分享方法和多樣化種植。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Besides,Farmerscouldbecreative,forexample,byinstallingsolarpanelsinfields;plantsbenefitfromshadeandthepanelsgenerateelectricityandgatherrainwater.“FoodproductionitselfwillcausetheemissionofCO.Wehavetodothisinawaythatbenefitsnature,thelivelihoodsoffarmersandlocalmunities,”addsOuldDada.(此外，農(nóng)民可以更具創(chuàng)造性，例如在田地里安裝太陽能板；植物可以從陰涼中受益，而太陽能板可以發(fā)電并收集雨水?！笆称飞a(chǎn)本身會導(dǎo)致二氧化碳排放。我們必須以一種有利于自然、農(nóng)民生計和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的方式來實現(xiàn)這一點，”O(jiān)uldDada補充道。)”可知，從OuldDada最后一段的話中可以推斷出我們最好采取環(huán)保措施。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wewatchoursaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?____16____WearsafetyglassesYoudon’thavetobeaconstructionorfactoryworkertoneedprotectiveeyewear.____17____It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsportrelatedeyeinjuriesarepreventablewithpropereyeprotection.Expertsremendsportorsafetyglasseswithpolycarbonatelenses,whichisatypeofplasticthatwillnoteasilybreak.TakeabreakfromscreensThere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.Butstaringatascreencanleaveeyestiredandmayblur(模糊)vision.Expertssuggestfollowingthe202020rule:every20minutestakeabreakandlookatsomethingabout20feetawayfor20seconds.Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatputerscreens,whichcanleadtodryness.____18____Ifyoustillfeelyoureyesaredryorgettingtired,oryourvisionisoccasionallyblurred,useeyedrops.____19____First,theobvious:smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs,butitcanharmeyesandcausedryeyes.Italsoincreasestheriskofcataractsandcanharmtheeyenerve.Besides,trynottorubyoureyes.Rubbingmakesinflammation(炎癥)andleadstoinfections.Themoreyourub,theitchieryoureyeswillget.____20____Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.Formostpeople,unlessthereareproblems,thatmeanshavingyoureyestestedeveryonetotwoyears.A.GetridofsmokingB.StopsomebadhabitsC.Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly.D.Gardening,homerepairsandsportscanalsoposeriskstoyoureyes.E.Weaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepscanbetakentoprotectourvision.F.Onegoodwaytopreventthatisdrinkingfourorfiveglassesofwateraday.G.Toprotecteyes,wearsunglassesthatcanblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.【答案】16.E17.D18.F19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過列舉人們保護(hù)心臟、骨骼、皮膚的常見做法引出保護(hù)眼睛的話題，隨后分別從佩戴安全眼鏡、適當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)離屏幕休息、摒棄不良習(xí)慣以及定期看眼科專家進(jìn)行檢查等幾個方面，詳細(xì)說明了保護(hù)眼睛視力可采取的具體生活方式及相關(guān)注意事項。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?(但是我們能做些什么來保護(hù)我們的眼睛呢？)”可知，此處應(yīng)承接上文并引出下文保護(hù)眼睛的具體建議，與E項“Weaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepscanbetakentoprotectourvision.(我們詢問了專家可以采取哪些生活方式措施來保護(hù)我們的視力。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youdon’thavetobeaconstructionorfactoryworkertoneedprotectiveeyewear.(你不必是建筑工人或工廠工人才需要防護(hù)眼鏡。)”及下文“It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsportrelatedeyeinjuriesarepreventablewithpropereyeprotection.(據(jù)估計，高達(dá)90%的運動相關(guān)眼部損傷可以通過適當(dāng)?shù)难劬ΡＷo(hù)來預(yù)防。)”可知，不管是什么職業(yè)，都需要防護(hù)眼鏡，與D項“Gardening,homerepairsandsportscanalsoposeriskstoyoureyes.(園藝、家庭維修和運動也會對你的眼睛構(gòu)成風(fēng)險。)”上下文一致，既呼應(yīng)了上文所說的不局限于特定工種需要護(hù)目鏡，又引出了運動相關(guān)的眼部風(fēng)險，故選D項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatputerscreens,whichcanleadtodryness.(使用屏幕時眼睛疲勞的一個原因是，人們在盯著電腦屏幕時往往眨眼較少，這會導(dǎo)致干燥。)”可知，下文會講述緩解眼睛干澀的方法，與F項“Onegoodwaytopreventthatisdrinkingfourorfiveglassesofwateraday.(防止這種情況的一個好方法是每天喝四到五杯水。)”上下文一致，提供了緩解眼睛干燥的一種辦法，承接了上文關(guān)于眼睛干燥的話題，故選F項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“First,theobvious:smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs,butitcanharmeyesandcausedryeyes.Italsoincreasestheriskofcataractsandcanharmtheeyenerve.Besides,trynottorubyoureyes.Rubbingmakesinflammation(炎癥)andleadstoinfections.Themoreyourub,theitchieryoureyeswillget.(首先，顯而易見的是：吸煙不僅對肺部有害，還會傷害眼睛并導(dǎo)致眼睛干澀。它還會增加患白內(nèi)障的風(fēng)險，并可能損害眼神經(jīng)。此外，盡量不要揉眼睛。摩擦?xí)鹧装Y并導(dǎo)致感染。揉得越多，眼睛就會越癢。)”可知，此段內(nèi)容主要講了吸煙對眼睛有害以及揉眼睛會導(dǎo)致炎癥和感染等不良習(xí)慣，與B項“Stopsomebadhabits(改掉一些壞習(xí)慣)”上下文一致，最能概括這段的主要內(nèi)容，故選B項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.(并非所有的眼部問題都很明顯，所有問題最好在早期發(fā)現(xiàn)時得到治療。)”可知，要定期檢查眼睛，與C項“Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly.(最后，不要忘記定期去看眼科專家進(jìn)行檢查。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選C項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnAugust8th,2023,abigfirebrokeoutinLahaina,Hawaii.Thefire____21____throughLahainaanddestroyedalmost2,200houses.Itleftabout7,000peoplewithouttheirpossessionsandinneedof____22____.Thatafternoon,KalynLeprenearlylosteverythingincludingsevensurfboards.Lepresurfedalmosteveryday;surfingwasa____23____ofjoyandameansto____24____mentalhealth.JudLau,alongtimesurfer,hasbeenbuildingsurfboardsforthelast15years.Hebelieveslosingaboardislikelosingapartofone’s____25____.Wantingtohelpthevictims,Laustartedbyconnectingpeoplewhowantedtodonate____26____boardstothosewhohadlosttheirs.Butmanysurfers,likeLepre,usecustom(定制的)boardsdesignedto____27____totheirsizeorthetypeofwavestheyride.SoLauraisedapproximately$20,000to____28____thecostofmaterialsforshapingcustomboardsto____29____.Finallyhemade40boardsthatwould____30____havebeensoldfor$600to$1,500each.TherecipientsofLau’seffortsincludeLepre.Lau____31____herahighperformanceboard____32____withasunsetfadingfromyellowtoorange.Leprecriedwhilereceivingthenewboard.“Justgettingbackinthewaterwasoneofthemost____33____experiencesofmylife.Jud____34____mebackahugepartofmymentalhealth.”saysLepre,____35____wellingupinhervoice.21.A.wiped B.burnt C.lit D.swept22.A.guidance B.shelter C.approval D.scholarship23.A.waste B.source C.variety D.bination24.A.tackle B.assess C.maintain D.suffer25.A.soul B.opportunity C.balance D.battle26.A.bare B.expensive C.extra D.mon27.A.adjust B.appeal C.lead D.subscribe28.A.cut