人教版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義必修五　Unit4MakingtheNews

必修五Unit4MakingtheNews1.能談?wù)撟约旱摹暗谝淮巍钡墓ぷ鹘?jīng)歷和感受；2.了解“新聞”及“新聞工作者”應(yīng)該具備的素質(zhì)和新聞采訪的基本程序等。Doyouwanttobeajournalist?Infact,beingareporterinvolvesmanykindsofwork.Youmustlearntobeaphotographer.Youwillneverforgetyourfirstassignmentasareporter.Youwillbedelightedwithyouradmirableandunusualwork.Maybeyouwillbeginasanassistantassistingyourprofessionalandeagercolleagues.Concentrateonallthedetailsjustlikeanamateurfortheprofessiontoacquiremoreexperiencebeforedeadline.Dependonyourselfinanycase.Don'taccuseothersoflittlehelp.Whenmeetingintervieweesatanappointment,don'tdeliberatelydenyotherssoastomakehimorherskepticalaboutyourinterviewingtechniques,whichwillmakeyourinterviewinadilemma.Meanwhile,don'tbeguiltyforaskingforadvicefromothers.Makeathoroughandaccurateplan.Askyourseniorcolleaguestopolishyourarticlesaheadoftimebeforeitispublished.Submityourupdatededitionafterbeingassessedandapprovebydemandingchiefeditors.Theprocessmaytakelong.Butwiththetrainingevenagiftedhousewifecanbetaughttobeaninformedchiefeditorinchargeofadepartment.1.delightedadj.快樂(lè)的；欣喜的2.unusualadj.不同尋常的；獨(dú)特的3.assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助4.concentrateon集中；全神貫注于5.dependon依靠；依賴6.deliberatelyadv.故意地7.soasto(dosth.)為了(做)……8.demandn.需求；要求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求9.aheadof在……前面10.approvevt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)11.processvt.加工；處理n.過(guò)程；程序；步驟或許你是從助手開(kāi)始，工作就是幫助那些專業(yè)性很好而且熱情澎湃的同事們。Maybeyouwillbeginasanassistantassistingyourprofessionalandeagercolleagues. ★journalistn.記者；新聞工作者★editorn.編輯★photographn.照片vt.給……照相★submitvt.遞交；呈遞(文件等)★professionn.職業(yè)；專業(yè)★colleaguen.同事★eageradj.渴望的；熱切的★amateurn.業(yè)余愛(ài)好者★updatevt.更新；使現(xiàn)代化★acquirevt.獲得；取得；學(xué)到★assessvt.評(píng)估；評(píng)定★informvt.告知；通知★deadlinen.最后期限★meanwhileadv.其間；同時(shí)★casen.情況；病例；案例★accuse...of因……指責(zé)或控告……★scepticaladj.懷疑的(<美>skeptical)★guiltyadj.犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的★dilemman.(進(jìn)退兩難的)困境；窘境★publishvt.出版；發(fā)行；發(fā)表；公布★sectionn.部分；節(jié)★technicaladj.技術(shù)(上)的；技巧方面的★thoroughadj.徹底的；詳盡的★giftedadj.有天賦的★editionn.版(本)；版次★departmentn.部門；部；處；系★accurateadj.精確的；正確的★senioradj.年長(zhǎng)的；高年級(jí)的；高級(jí)的★polishvt.擦亮；磨光；潤(rùn)色★chiefadj.主要的；首席的n.首領(lǐng)；長(zhǎng)官★photographern.攝影師★admirableadj.值得贊揚(yáng)的；令人欽佩的★assistantn.助手；助理；售貨員★professionaladj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員★appointmentn.約會(huì)；任命一、重點(diǎn)單詞需牢記1.involvevt.牽涉；涉及；包括；使參與(卷入)……involvedoing...包含做……involveoneselfinsth.使卷入；使專注于……；使參加get/beinvolvedinsth.卷入；專注于Morepersonsthanonehavebeeninvolved.涉及的不僅僅是一個(gè)人。Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel！不要把我牽扯進(jìn)你們的爭(zhēng)吵中！Youshouldn'tinvolveyourselfwithhim.你不該跟他有任何瓜葛。Hewasinvolvedinwritinghisdoctoraldissertation.他在聚精會(huì)神地寫(xiě)他的博士論文。2.assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助assist/aidsb.todosth.＝helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.in/withsth.＝help/aidsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事Heassistedmetofoundanewpany.＝Heassistedmeinfoundinganewpany.他幫助我成立了一家新公司。assistantn.助手；經(jīng)理；售貨員assistancen.幫助give/lendassistancetosb.給某人提供幫助afford/offerassistance提供援助etoone'sassistance幫助某人3.concentratevt.集中；聚集concentratesth.onsth./doingsth.專心致志于某事/做某事concentrateone’sattentionon把注意力集中在……concentrateonsth.集中精力做某事Weconcentratedonthetaskbeforeus.我們專注于眼前的任務(wù)。I'mdeterminedtoconcentrateallmyeffortsonteachingchildrensomethingreallyuseful.我決心全力以赴教孩子真正有用的東西。concentrationn.集中，專心withdeepconcentration專心“集中注意力于某事/某物”的多種表達(dá)：concentrateone'sattentiononsth.fix/focusone'sattention/mindonsth.payone'sattentiontosth.putone'sheartintosth.4.informvt.告知；通知informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事informsb.that...告知某人……keeprmedofsth....使某人知道……Pleaseinformusofanychangeofaddressassoonaspossible.地址如有變更請(qǐng)盡快通知我們。Allthosewhoareimmediatelyinvolvedwillbeinformedofthedecisionassoonaspossible.要盡快把這個(gè)決定通知給所有直接有關(guān)的人。Youshouldkeepusinformedwheneveryouareintrouble.一有麻煩你就應(yīng)該告知我們。informedadj.了解情況的；見(jiàn)識(shí)廣的informationn．[U]通知，消息，信息remind/warn/rob/accusesb.ofsth.使想起/警告/搶奪/控告某人某事5.accusevt.指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告accusesb.ofdoingsth.＝chargesb.withsth.因某事而控告、譴責(zé)某人beaccusedofsth.＝bechargedwithsth.因某事而被指控accusesb.as...指控某人為……Hewaschargedwithcheatingintheexamination.＝Hewasaccusedofcheatingintheexamination.他被指控考試作弊。accuse意為“指控，控訴”，常與介詞of連用。charge可以指因?yàn)樾″e(cuò)而受的責(zé)備，也可指因違法而受到控告，與介詞with連用。6.casen．情況；病例；案例inanycase無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣incase以防(萬(wàn)一)(可以引導(dǎo)目的或條件狀語(yǔ)從句)incaseof...萬(wàn)一……，如果發(fā)生……innocase決不(若放在句首，構(gòu)成部分倒裝)inthatcase假如那樣的話，在那種情況下asisoftenthecase正如通常的情況那樣You'dbettertakethekeysincaseI'mout.你最好帶上鑰匙以防我不在家。Takeasparetirealongincaseofneed.帶個(gè)備用輪胎去，以備不時(shí)之需。Innocaseshouldyoupanic.千萬(wàn)不要驚慌。Heissaidtobenotathome.Inthatcase,weshallnotgothere.聽(tīng)說(shuō)他不在家，那么我們就不去了。7.demandn.需求；要求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求demandsth.ofsb.向某人要某物demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat從句要求……(從句中謂語(yǔ)需用should＋動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中should可以省略)demanddoing/tobedone需要被……bein(great)demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfyone'sdemands滿足某人的需求Mycardemands/needs/requiresrepairing/toberepaired,soIhavetogotoworkbybus.我的汽車需要修理，因此我必須乘公共汽車上班。Themanagerdemandedthattheworkers(should)workextrahourstopletethetaskaheadoftime.經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。Colddrinksareindemandinthesummer.夏季需要冷飲料。Thepanyistryingtomeetthecustomers'demandsforthenewproducts.這家公司正努力滿足顧客對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的需求。8.approvevt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)approvesth.批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)……approveofsth./doingsth.同意某事/贊成做某事approveofsb./one'sdoingsth.同意某人做某事Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.我同意你去掙些錢，可是不要耽誤功課。approvaln.同意，批準(zhǔn)giveone'sapprovalto...批準(zhǔn)……meetwithone'sapproval得到某人的贊同with/withoutapprovalof經(jīng)/未經(jīng)……的批準(zhǔn)present/submitsth.tosb.forapproval把某事提交某人批準(zhǔn) 二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)需精通1.dependon依靠；依賴；取決于……，視……而定dependonsb.todo/doingsth.依靠某人做某事dependonsb.forsth.依靠某人提供某物dependon/uponitthat...指望……Thatdepends./Italldepends.視情況而定。Heknewhecoulddependuponhertodealwiththesituation.他知道可以依靠她來(lái)應(yīng)付這種局面。dependon后不可直接跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需在從句前加形式賓語(yǔ)it。類似用法的還有：seeto(務(wù)必),answerfor(因……受罰，對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)),relyon,insiston等。2.soasto(dosth.)為了(做)……；以便做某事soastodosth.＝inordertodosth.作目的狀語(yǔ)，可以與sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。Hewenttothemen'sroomsoastoleaveusaloneforawhile.＝Hewenttothemen'sroomsothathecouldleaveusaloneforawhile.他去了男洗手間，好讓我們自己待一會(huì)兒。①inorderto和soasto的否定式都是在to前加not。②句中動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。③so...asto“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，不能放在主句之前，as前用形容詞或副詞。④such...asto(suchasto)“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，可合用，亦可分用，分用時(shí)such后接名詞。3.aheadof在……前面；超過(guò)；提前HeisaheadofhisclassinEnglish.他的英語(yǔ)是全班第一。Wearewellaheadofyouinthatfield.我們?cè)谀莻€(gè)領(lǐng)域遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先于你們。goahead繼續(xù)向前；說(shuō)吧；干吧；請(qǐng)吧aheadoftime提前aheadofschedule(比原計(jì)劃或規(guī)定時(shí)間)提前l(fā)ookahead向前看；為前途考慮getaheadof超過(guò)；勝過(guò)beaheadof在……之前；在……前方；提前；超過(guò)4.haveagood“nose”forsth.探查發(fā)現(xiàn)某事物的能力Experiencedteachersoftenhavesharpnosesforstudents'problems.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師通常對(duì)學(xué)生的問(wèn)題很敏感。haveaneyefor對(duì)……有鑒賞能力haveagoodearfor對(duì)……會(huì)欣賞haveagiftfor有……方面的天賦 三、重點(diǎn)句式能熟用1.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),wastostronglyinfluencehislifeasajournalist.他與他的新老板胡新的討論對(duì)他的記者生涯會(huì)產(chǎn)生重要影響。betodo在句中表示不可避免將要發(fā)生或命中注定的事情，常譯為“注定會(huì)……，一定……”。Hisinventionwastobringasharpincreasetothericeproductionoftheworld.他的發(fā)明注定要大幅度提高世界水稻的產(chǎn)量。betodo結(jié)構(gòu)有多重含義：①注定要發(fā)生……；②預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定；③“應(yīng)該……”，相當(dāng)于should或oughtto；④你本來(lái)應(yīng)該向警察報(bào)告此事的。You__were__to__havereportedittothepolice.④用于條件句中表示“想要；設(shè)想”。2.NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.周陽(yáng)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他在一家暢銷英文報(bào)紙的第一項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)。此句為倒裝句。否定副詞never置于句首，句子需用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即把助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞be提到主語(yǔ)之前。NevershallIdothesamethingagain.我再也不做同樣的事情了。常用否定副詞和含有否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)還有：not,never,little,seldom,hardly,scarcely,neither,nor,nowhere,atnotime,bynomeans,innocase,innoway,onnocondition等。Heissuchanill－temperedmanthatonnoconditionwillIteamupwithhim.他的脾氣太暴躁了，無(wú)論如何我都不會(huì)和他合作。 四、話題寫(xiě)作多積累訓(xùn)練二十四：寫(xiě)表格作文表格式書(shū)面表達(dá)是近年高考常選的命題方式之一，而且，所用體裁也相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，以記敘文、應(yīng)用文、說(shuō)明文為主；題材多種多樣，有書(shū)信、日記、介紹、通知等，多數(shù)情況下，在提示中明確規(guī)定了用何種格式。所以，考生只需根據(jù)表格里的提示內(nèi)容，確定所要表達(dá)的要點(diǎn)，最后運(yùn)用自己所把握的句型和詞語(yǔ)知識(shí)，寫(xiě)出一篇要點(diǎn)全、語(yǔ)句通、條理清、表達(dá)明、思路活、書(shū)寫(xiě)正的短文。第一步：謀好篇，布好局即在動(dòng)筆前，一定要根據(jù)表格里的提示內(nèi)容，先確定好所要文章的題材，然后根據(jù)題材確定好文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，先寫(xiě)什么，后寫(xiě)什么，略寫(xiě)什么，詳寫(xiě)什么，甚至要用到哪些句型和短語(yǔ)，都要做到成竹在胸。第二步：依據(jù)表格內(nèi)容確定要點(diǎn)因?yàn)闀?shū)面表達(dá)最重要的評(píng)分依據(jù)就是內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)要全，假如遺漏一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，至少要扣3分。因此，同學(xué)們?cè)谡J(rèn)真審題、弄清體裁、題材、題意的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)逐個(gè)地、完整無(wú)缺地把表格中的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)找出來(lái)，然后再根據(jù)不同體裁把要表達(dá)的要點(diǎn)表達(dá)出來(lái)。(1)引入話題常用句式Itshows/indicatesinthechartthat...Asisshown/indicatedinthechart...Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat...50%ofthepeoplesurveyedexpressthesatisfactionwith...，while...Fromthesharp/markedrise/declineinthechart，itgoeswithoutsayingthat...That'sallfortoday.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourslovely，SusanIthasgoneup/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears.Atthepointof...reachesitspeak.(2)總結(jié)式評(píng)論常用句式Personallyspeaking/inaword/inconclusion/inshort/onthewholeItcanbeconcludedthat...Fromtheabovediscussion，we...AsfarasI'mconcerned，Iholdthepoint/theviewthat...Asisshown/indicatedinthechart/table/graph/pictureabove，________(作文題目的議題)hasbeenontherise/increase/drop/decrease，rising/decreasingfrom________%in________(年)to________%in________(年)．Fromthesharp/markedrise/declineinthechart，itgoeswithoutsayingthat________(現(xiàn)象總結(jié))．Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor________(現(xiàn)象)．Ononehand，________(列舉原因)．Ontheotherhand，________isduetothefactthat________.Inaddition，________isresponsiblefor________.(Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow________.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsaremonlyconvincing.)AsfarasI'mconcerned，Iholdthepoint/viewthat______(發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)).【例1】完成句子①不要把我卷入你們的爭(zhēng)吵。我牽扯的事太多了。Don't__involve__me__in__yourquarrel.Ihave__been__involved__in__toomanythings.②We'llmakeourdecisionandcontactthepeople__involved__(involve)．③Thetestwillinvolve__answering__(answer)questionsaboutaphotograph.【例2】完成句子①她經(jīng)常幫她媽媽洗碗。Sheoften__assists__hermother__to__wash/in__washing__bowls.②我來(lái)幫你拿這些包裹好嗎？CanI__assist__you__with/in__theseparcels?③盡管他大聲喊叫，但沒(méi)有人來(lái)幫助他。Despitehiscries,noone__came__to__hisassistance.④我們正尋找愿意幫助這個(gè)團(tuán)體工作的志愿者。Wearelookingforvolunteerswhowouldbewillingtoassist__in/with__thegroup'swork.【例3】完成句子①吵鬧聲不絕于耳，我無(wú)法集中精神(學(xué)習(xí))。Ican'tconcentrate__on__mystudieswithallthatnoisegoingon.②我們必須致力于改進(jìn)教育工作。Wemust__concentrate__ourefforts__on__improvingeducation.③我們?nèi)硇耐度氲綄W(xué)習(xí)中，所以都取得了進(jìn)步。Withourattention__concentrated__on__ourstudies,wehavemadegreatprogress.④中國(guó)的首要任務(wù)是發(fā)展近海防御，因?yàn)槲覀兊慕?jīng)濟(jì)集中在沿海地區(qū)。TheprimegoalofChinaistodevelopitsnearseadefence,becauseoureconomy__is__concentrated__on__thecoast.【例4】完成句子①他們會(huì)把他們?nèi)〉玫娜魏芜M(jìn)步都告訴他。Theywouldinformhim__of__anyprogresstheyhadmade.②我女兒告訴我她已經(jīng)成功了。Mydaughterinformedme__that__shehadmadeit.③Thankyouforkeepingme__informed__ofeverythingthat'shappening(讓我隨時(shí)了解所發(fā)生的一切)．④要是我早一點(diǎn)通知他開(kāi)會(huì)的準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間，昨天他就不會(huì)遲到了。HadI__informed__/IfI__had__informed__himoftheexacttimeforthemeetingearlier,hewouldn'thavebeenlateyesterday.【例5】(1)完成句子①你不能控告斯蒂芬打劫銀行，他整晚都在我家。Youcan'taccuseStephenof__robbing__(rob)thebank.Hewasroundatmyhouseallevening.(2)選擇accuse或charge并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂hey__accused__himoftakingbribes.②Thepolice__charged__himwithcartheft.【例6】完成句子①上課遲到對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是常有的事。__As__is__often__the__case__withhim,hewaslateforclass.②這個(gè)案子涉及對(duì)警方腐敗的控訴。The__case__involvedchargesofpolicecorruption.③現(xiàn)在抱怨毫無(wú)意義，不管怎樣我們明天都要離開(kāi)。Thereisnopointplainingnow—we'releavingtomorrow__in__any__case__．④可能會(huì)下雨，你最好帶把傘，以防萬(wàn)一。Itmayrain;you'dbettertakeanumbrella__in__case__.【例7】完成句子①老板要求所有情況都得向他匯報(bào)。Theboss__demanded__to__be__informedofeverything.②老板要求瑪麗一周內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。ThebossdemandedthatMary__(should)finish__the__work__within__a__week__.③對(duì)專業(yè)健康護(hù)理人員的需求也會(huì)增加。Therewillalsobearise__in__the__demand__for__healthcareprofessionals.demand不能用于demandsb.todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)，要想表達(dá)“要求某人做某事”應(yīng)用ask/requiresb.todosth.。【例8】完成句子①有這么多人贊同她的決定，她感到很激動(dòng)。Shefeltquiteexcitedwithsomanypeople__approving__of__herdecision.②委員會(huì)已批準(zhǔn)了這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。Themittee__gave__its__approval__totheplan.③他同意了我的想法。兩年后，我就成了廣播俱樂(lè)部最老的實(shí)習(xí)生。He__approved__my__idea,__andtwoyearslaterIaminchargeoftheradioclubastheoldeststudentmember.【例1】完成句子①你可以相信所有的貨物都會(huì)及時(shí)用船運(yùn)到國(guó)外去。Youmay__depend__on__it__that__allthegoodswillbeshippedabroadintime.②——你可以在星期天之前完成這項(xiàng)工作嗎？——這要看情況而定?！狢anyoufinishtheworkbeforeSunday?—That__depends__．/Itall__depends.③答案主要取決于文化價(jià)值觀和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。Theanswerdependslargely__on__culturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.【例2】完成句子①我們趕緊走，好準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加宴會(huì)。Wehurried__so__as__not__to__belatefortheparty.②我起得這么早，為的是趕頭班火車。Irosesoearly__as__to__beintimeforthefirsttrain.③他氣得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。Hewas__so__angry__astobeunabletospeak.④他如此的聰明勤勞以至于能夠解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題。Heissuchacleverandhardworkingman__as__to__solvetheproblem.⑤我還不至于蠢到去做那件事。I'mnotsostupid__as__to__dothat.【例3】完成句子①盡管有暴風(fēng)雪，他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)向前挺進(jìn)。Despitethesnowstorm，theywentonmarching__ahead．②他靠多做家庭作業(yè)，很快在班上名列前茅。Bydoingextrahomework，hesoon__got__ahead__of__hisclassmates.③——我現(xiàn)在可以開(kāi)始了嗎？——可以，開(kāi)始吧?！狹ayIstartnow?—Yes.__Go__ahead__.【例4】完成句子①作為記者，簡(jiǎn)善于發(fā)現(xiàn)題材。Asareporter,Jane__has__a__nose__for__astory.②通過(guò)角逐，團(tuán)長(zhǎng)能夠挑選到有音樂(lè)天分的歌手。Throughthepetition,theleaderofthegroupcanpickoutsomesingers__having__a__gift__for__music.【例1】完成句子①我感到很緊張，因?yàn)槲液芸炀鸵谝淮坞x開(kāi)家了。IfeltnervousbecauseIwassoon__to__leave__homeforthefirsttime.②我們大家將在校門口集合。Allofus__are__to__meetoutsideoftheschoolgate.③這封信必須親手交給他。Theletteristo__be__handed__tohiminperson.【例2】完成句子①我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)如此漂亮的河流。Never__have__I__seensuchabeautifulriver.②在昨天的考試中他沒(méi)有犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。Notasinglemistake__did__he__makeinyesterday'sexam.③我一做完工作鈴就響了。Hardly__had__I__finishedtheworkwhenthetelephonerang.④直到開(kāi)始工作時(shí)，我才意識(shí)到已浪費(fèi)掉了太多的時(shí)間。NotuntilIbegantowork__did__I__realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.(2018屆北京石景山期末)假如你是北京第一中學(xué)的英國(guó)學(xué)生蘇珊(Susan)。你于2018年5月1日給在英國(guó)的朋友彼得(Peter)寫(xiě)一封信，談北京與倫敦的異同。詞數(shù)120左右。倫敦北京汽車靠左行汽車靠右行很多人乘汽車上班多數(shù)人乘公共汽車或者地鐵上班陰天多晴天多一個(gè)星期工作五天一個(gè)星期工作五天懂漢語(yǔ)的人少懂英語(yǔ)的人多學(xué)生較放松學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)勤奮DearPeter，It'sMayDaytodayandpeopleareenjoyingtheholiday.SoIhavetimetowritetoyou.AndIwanttotellyousomethinginChina.Inourcountry,carsaredrivenontheleftsideoftheroad,butheretheyaredrivenontherightside.ManypeopleofLondongotoworkbycar,whilemostpeopleofBeijinggotoworkbybusorsubway.TheweatherofBeijingisbetterthanthatofLondon.It?sfineforalongtimehere,butwehavesomanycloudydaysinlondon.WorkersinBeijingworkfivedaysaweekjustasinLondon.StudentshereworkhardattheirlessonsandalotofpeoplecanspeakEnglishfluently.It'sapitythatstudentsinourcountrydon'tmakefulluseoftimeandveryfewknowChinese.這篇作文可用常見(jiàn)的三段式來(lái)進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作，從以下方面入手：第一：簡(jiǎn)要描述寫(xiě)這封信的原因，暗示或者直接點(diǎn)明中心，那就是“找不同”。第二：比較北京與倫敦的異同，主要表現(xiàn)在以下六個(gè)方面：1.駕車方式；2.出行方式；3.天氣狀況；4.工作日時(shí)長(zhǎng)；5.語(yǔ)言；6.學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。比較完了之后，對(duì)異同稍作點(diǎn)評(píng)。尤其從自己是學(xué)生的角度出發(fā)，可以針對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度給予評(píng)論。第三：禮貌結(jié)束，期待對(duì)方回復(fù)。 考向在閱讀理解中考查“新聞”(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ，C)Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations—majorfoodsources(來(lái)源)forthewolf—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被)，whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'sredfoxes,andpletelydroveawaythepark'sbeavers.Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearsingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanageswonderfully，successfully，unfortunately，doubtfully等。continuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeaeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.B.PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.C.Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.D.ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inParagraph2mean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.3.Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A.Damagetolocalecology.B.Adeclineinthepark'sine.C.Preservationofvegetation.D.Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Disapproving. D.Uncaring. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了灰狼被重新引進(jìn)了黃石公園，引起了一系列的反應(yīng)，同時(shí)也說(shuō)明了由于灰狼的消失帶來(lái)的一些環(huán)境問(wèn)題。1.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)整篇文章來(lái)看，第一段介紹了灰狼被重新引進(jìn)了黃石公園；第二段介紹灰狼以前在黃石公園的情況；第三段介紹灰狼的消失給黃石公園造成的影響；第四段介紹了政府在引進(jìn)灰狼時(shí)的一些看法；第五段介紹了現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)匀粚?duì)這種情況有爭(zhēng)論。故整體來(lái)看，文章的主旨就是關(guān)于灰狼被重新引進(jìn)了黃石公園的事情。故選D。2.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)此句buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment可知，他們逐漸地被人類的發(fā)展而代替，同時(shí)根據(jù)后面的wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.可知，灰狼事實(shí)上從黃石公園消失了，選項(xiàng)中forceout的意思是“擠出”，符合文章的意思，也就意味著被“代替”。故選C。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Thedisappearanceofwolveshadmanyunexpectedresults可知，由于灰狼的消失帶來(lái)了沒(méi)有意料到的結(jié)果。特別是此段提到了deer和elk(麋鹿)的數(shù)量不斷增加，破壞了大量的植被，這樣就減少了植物的多樣性，造成了coyote(叢林狼)的數(shù)量也在增加，導(dǎo)致了redfoxes和beavers的消失。根據(jù)這些事實(shí)來(lái)判斷，這樣的結(jié)果是破壞了當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)。故選A。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知，黃石公園的這項(xiàng)工程是一個(gè)有益的實(shí)驗(yàn)，幫助生物學(xué)家決定是否向別的地方重新引進(jìn)灰狼。根據(jù)此句的說(shuō)明可以判斷出，作者對(duì)于這件事情是“積極的”。故選B。計(jì)策1：關(guān)注“熱點(diǎn)話題”計(jì)策2：根據(jù)作者在新聞中的態(tài)度解題(1)根據(jù)文章主題句來(lái)判斷文章的中心思想與作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度是密切相關(guān)的，而文章的主題句又反映了文章的中心思想，因此，可通過(guò)文章的主題句來(lái)判斷作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。(2)客觀性注意不要將個(gè)人的好惡態(tài)度揉進(jìn)題中，要學(xué)會(huì)分清作者本人的態(tài)度和作者引用觀點(diǎn)的態(tài)度。(3)找作者的語(yǔ)言要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者語(yǔ)言的褒貶去判斷作者的態(tài)度。注意句中帶有感情色彩的副詞：如(4)會(huì)排除一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作者的態(tài)度不可能是漠不關(guān)心的，因此見(jiàn)到indifferent，uninterested可以首先排除。(5)找連詞作者的態(tài)度常常在轉(zhuǎn)折詞后表明，所以見(jiàn)到but就要提高警惕(還有類似的yet，however，although,nevertheless等)。(6)找例子可以通過(guò)作者所舉的例子，來(lái)判斷文章作者的態(tài)度傾向。作者論證某觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，給的例子是正面的，就可以判斷作者的態(tài)度是積極樂(lè)觀的；如果作者的論述有好有壞，舉例有正面有反面，基本可以判斷作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。thewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebate一、詞匯拓展1.journaln．日記，日?qǐng)?bào)，雜志→__journalist__n.記者；新聞工作者2.editvt.編輯→__editor__n.編輯→__edition__n．版；版本；發(fā)行數(shù)3.photographn.照片vt.給……照相→__photographer__n.攝影師→__photography__n.攝影4.delightn．高興，愉快v．高興；取樂(lè)→__delighted__adj.快樂(lè)的；欣喜的5.admirev．欽佩；稱贊→__admirable__adj.值得贊揚(yáng)的；令人欽佩的→__admiration__n．羨慕，贊美6.usualadj.平常的，慣例的→__unusual__adj.不同尋常的；獨(dú)特的7.assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→__assistance__n.幫助→__assistant__n.助手；助理；售貨員8.submitv.(使)服從，(使)順從；提交；遞交；呈遞(文件)等→__submission__n.屈服；投降9.professionn.職業(yè)；專業(yè)→__professional__adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員10.eageradj.渴望的；熱切的→__eagerly__adv.渴望地；熱切地11.concentratevt.集中；聚集→__concentration__n．集中；專心；集合12.acquirevt.獲得；取得；學(xué)到→__acquired__adj.習(xí)得的；養(yǎng)成的；后天的→__acquisition__n.習(xí)得13.assessvt.評(píng)估；評(píng)定→__assessment__n.評(píng)估；評(píng)定14.informvt.告知；通知→__information__n．通知；消息；報(bào)告→__informed__adj.見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的15.accusevt.指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告→__accusation__n.指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告16.deliberateadj.深思熟慮的，從容的，故意的→__deliberately__adv.故意地17.guiltn.內(nèi)疚→__guilty__adj.犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的18.demandn.需求；要求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求→__demanding__adj.要求很高的；費(fèi)力的19.publishvt.出版；發(fā)行；發(fā)表；公布→__publisher__n.出版商20.technicaladj.技術(shù)(上)的；技巧方面的→__technically__adv.技術(shù)上；工藝上21.giftn．天賦→__gifted__adj.有天賦的22.crimen.罪行；犯罪→__criminal__n.罪犯23.accurateadj.精確的；正確的→__accurately__adv.精確地；正確地24.senioradj.年長(zhǎng)的；高年級(jí)的；高級(jí)的→__junior__adj.年幼的；低年級(jí)的25.approvevt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)→__approval__n.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)26.appointv．約定；指定；任命→__appointment__n.約會(huì)；任命二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thisbookdemandedallyour__concentration__(concentrate)．2.Myparentsdidn'tapproveofmyleavingschoolthisyearandIhadtoaccepttheir__approval__(approve)．3.Weneedenough__professional__(profession)engineerstoundertakethejob.4.Hefelt__guilty__(guilt)aboutnottellingthetruthtothejudge.5.Thefactoriesthatemploythousandsofworkerscriticizedthemethod__employed__(employ)bythecountry'sgovernment.6.WhilevisitingBeijing,he__photographed__(photograph)manyancientbuildings.7.Pleasekeepmefully__informed__(inform)ofanydevelopment.8.Itwasreportedthatsome__journalists__(journalist)receiveddeaththreatsaftertheyexposed.三、完成句子1.Thismorning,theteacher__informed__Tom__to__(通知湯姆)gotohisoffice.2.Theteacher__accused__Tom__of__cheating__(指責(zé)湯姆作弊)inthelatestexam.3.Thediligentman__is__to__achieve__his__goal__(注定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)他的目標(biāo)),becausehesparesnoefforttodothebestforeverydetail.4.HedemandedthatTom__(should)concentrate__his__attention__on__learning__(集中精力學(xué)習(xí))．5.Tomwould__depend__on__himself__to__acquire__(依靠自己獲得)richknowledge.6.Tomsaidthat__in__no__case__(決不)wouldhecheatintheexam.四、課文回顧ZhouYang'sfirstjobatChinaDailyisaforward1.__journalist__(journal).Beforehestartstowork，HuXin，hisnewboss，hasadiscussionwithhim.Thetalkistostronglyinfluencehislife.ZhouYangknowsthathecan'tgooutonastoryuntilheismoreexperienced.Onlythencanhecoverastoryandsubmitthearticle2.__by__himself.HuXintellsZhouYangthathe'llhavea3.__professional__(profession)photographer，anditmaybepossibleforhimtoconcentrate4.__on__photographylaterandhe'llfindhiscolleaguesveryeager5.__to__assist__(assist)him.ZhouYangshouldaskmany6.__questions__(question)toacquirealltheinformationheneedstoknow.Hemusthaveagoodnoseforastorytoassesswhenpeoplearenottelling