2024北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)高三（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京豐臺(tái)高三（上）期末英語2024.01本試卷共12頁，100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。筆試(共三部分100分)第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Allmyfriendshadmadethefootballcheerleadingteamexceptme.Mynamewas___1___fromthelist.Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.Ifoughtbacktears,wantingtobestrong.Knowingthatnextyearwouldbringanewroundoftry-outs,Istartedpracticingandwasdeterminedtoseemynameonthelist.However,mydadsuggestedthatIgetinvolvedinaschool-sport-___3___asanyonecouldsignupwithnotry-outs.IhadnoideawhatIwasgettingmyselfinto.Ionly___4___ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.Raceafterrace,Icontinuedtofeelmylungsburningfromthe___5___.IguessedthatIwantedto___6___myselftoseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.Thenextyearwhenspringcamearound,Iwasthrilledtomakethefootballcheerleadingteam,when,incredibly,Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,___7___metojoinhisrunningteam.Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,___8___thefactthatIfollowedmyheart.WhenIcalledthecoachandtoldhimIwouldgiveitatry,Ineverrealizedthatonesimple___9___wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.Withinoneyear,Ibecameoneofthefastestfemalecross-countryrunners.Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.AndwhenIchosetobearunner,Ichosetobe_____10_____tomyself.1.A.coming B.missing C.turning D.changing2.A.but B.so C.or D.for3.A.throwing B.cheerleading C.football D.running4.A.recorded B.heard C.figured D.concluded5.A.effort B.diseases C.needs D.interest6.A.accept B.challenge C.express D.treat7.A.sending B.asking C.teaching D.reminding8.A.incaseof B.inspiteof C.ratherthan D.otherthan9.A.decision B.complaint C.evaluation D.expectation10.A.friendly B.tolerant C.true D.respectful第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheturtledoveistheUK’sfastest-decliningbirdspecies,accordingtoarecentstudy.Thedata,____11____(record)byalmost1,000volunteers,farmersandcountybirdclubs,showstherearenownearly2,100pairsleft,downfromsome125,000pairsin1970.LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope____12____(think)tobedrivingthedecline.Thereishope,however,asthegovernment____13____(work)withlandownerstoallowmorefoodsuppliesinthehabitatsnow.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InMay,theCOMAC919,China’sfirstdomesticallydesignedpassengerplane,____14____(successful)completeditsfirstflight,markingamilestoneinChina’sspacehistory.Sofar,Chinahassolved____15____(difficulty)inmorethan100keytechnologiesandappliedformorethan10,000patents.Inthepast,Chinamainlydepended____16____thetechnologiesfromothercountries,butitisapplyingitsowntoday,helpingtopromotethehigh-quality____17____(develop)ofthecountry’seconomy.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AnnaJonesisajournalist,____18____firstbook,Divide-TheRelationshipCrisisBetweenTownandCountry,waslonglistedforthe2022JamesCropperWainwrightPrize.____19____(grow)uponafarmandworkinginthecityhavegivenAnnaarareinsightintorurallife.Annastartedthenon-profitcommunicationsproject“JustFarmers”in2018.Shealsorunsamediaeducationprogramtohelpfarmersfindconfidencetoshare____20____theyhaveexperiencedwiththewiderworld.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIfyouwouldliketovolunteerabroad,you’vecometotherightplace.Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.MedicalandHealthcareProjectsIfyou’reamedicalstudenthopingtogainsomevaluableexperience,wehavesuitableplacementsforyou.Wehaveprojects,whichcanreallyusetheskillsofqualifiedvolunteers,suchasdoctors,nurses,dentistsandawholerangeofprofessions.Ifyouareunskilled,buthaveaninterestandwouldliketoassistinthisfieldthenyoucanalsohelpinmanyprojectareas.SportsCoachingProjectsOursportsvolunteerprojectsinvolvechildrenofdifferentagesandabilities,orsometimesadultsaswell.Therefore,anyonewithsportscoachingskillswillbeputtoverygooduse,tryingtobringontheAfricansportsstarsofthefuture.You’llbeabletohelporganizesportingactivities,teachnewsportstothechildren,coachthemintheirsportssessionsandevenplayfootballagainstthelocalteam-don’texpecttowin!WildlifeandConservationProjectsWildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.However,therearesomemajorpositives,generallybasedinsomeofthemostamazingnaturalareas.Theygetyoubehindthescenesofplacesthattouristswilloftenpaylargeamountsofmoneytovisitonholiday.Ifyouhaverelevantconservationexperienceorqualifications,oraspartofyourstudies,thenpleasegetintouch.21.InWildlifeandConservationProjects,youwill______.A.payfortheholidayvisitsB.organizecommunityactivitiesC.providemedicalservicesD.handlethehuman-wildlifeconflicts22.Whatbenefitscanyougetfromthethreeprojects?A.Professionaltrainings.B.Qualificationpromotion.C.Workexperience.D.Historicaladventures.23.Thepassageisintendedto______.A.describelifeinAfricaB.sharetravelingmemoriesC.introducevolunteeringprojectsD.explaintheimportanceofworkingabroadBMouthopeninwonderandhorror,LaurentPelletierstaresatthebushcricketthathaslandedinfrontofhimonthepicnictable.“Canweeatit?”heaskshismum.“CanItakeitasatravelcompanion?”Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.Overthemonths,theworldconstantlyunveiled(顯露)itself.Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.InThailand,theytouchedanelephant,callingoutinsurpriseathowroughitfelt.Rarelydidtheytalkaboutwhytheywereabroadinthefirstplace,withoneexception.WhiletravellingalongadustyMongolianhighwaylastsummer,Laurent,whohadseemedunawareofwhatwastocome,asked,“Whatdoesitmeantobeblind?HowwillIcrossthestreet?WillIbeabletodriveacar?”“It’slikewhenyouhaveyoureyesclosed,”hismothersaid.“Itwon’thappenovernight,butslowly,overyears.”Beingblind,shecontinued,didn’tmeantheendoftheworld.Rather,theworldwouldbedifferent.Nothingwouldpreventthemfromdoingmostthings,includingskiing,swimmingorevenbecomingscientistswhoworkedoncuresfortheirdisease.Laurentnodded,thenwentbacktomakinguphisowngamestopassthetime.Thefourkidswillbecomeblind,likelyinadulthood.Theyhaveadiseasecalledretinitispigmentosa(RP),agroupofrelatedeyedisordersthatcauseprogressiveeyesightloss.Byfar,ithasnoeffectivetreatment,anditwillgraduallytakeawaytheireyesight.However,theirparentsstillwanttheirkidstoleadfulllives,whetherthey’reblindornot.Thetriphasreinforced(增強(qiáng))whattheybelievealltheseyears-thekidswillfindtheirway.Eachday,theirparentswatchthekidschange,physicallyandemotionally.Laurentgrowstallerandneedsmoreindependence.BothLéoandColinbecomemoreconfidentandoutgoing,unafraidtoengagewithstrangers.“Today,myeyesightisgoodandI’mgoingtomakethemostofit,”saysMia.“Tomorrow,wewillrisetothechallenge.”24.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthefamilyexperienceontheirtrip?A.Theydidthefarmwork.B.Theytookelephantrides.C.Theycompletedzootours.D.Theyenjoyedthefolkdance.25.WhatmadeLaurent’sparentsdecidetoquittheirjobs?A.Theirkids’health.B.Theirworkchallenges.C.Theirfamilydreams.D.Theirpassionfornature.26.Whatdidthetripmainlybringtothekids?A.Strongbodies.B.Socialskills.C.Positivemindset.D.Languageability.27.Whatcanwemainlyconcludefromthispassage?A.Travellingistoseekforaninterestinglife.B.Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.C.One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.D.Treasurewhatyouhaveandlivelifetothefullest.CTooMuchInformationComputerhackers,inordertogetmoresecretinformation,constantlyimproveatbreakingintocyberdefenses(網(wǎng)絡(luò)防御系統(tǒng))tostealvaluabledocuments.Sosomeresearchersproposeusinganartificial-intelligencealgorithm(算法)tohopelesslyconfusethem,oncetheybreakin,byhidingtherealdealinamountainofmisleadingdocumentsandinformation.Thealgorithm,calledWordEmbedding-basedFakeOnlineRepositoryGenerationEngine(WE-FORGE),createsdecoysofpatentsunderdevelopment.Ifhackerswereafter,say,therecipeforanewdrug,theywouldhavetofindtherelevantneedleinaseaoffalsedocuments.Thiscouldmeancheckingeachrecipeindetail-andperhapsinvestinginafewdead-endones.“Thenameofthegamehereis,‘Makeitharder,”explainsV.SSubrahmanian,itsdeveloper,DartmouthCollegeCyberSecurityresearcher.“Painthosestealingfromyou.”Subrahmaniansayshetackledthisprojectafterreadingthatcompaniesareunawareofnewkindsofcyberattacksforanaverageof312daysaftertheybegin.“Hackershavealmostayeartodecampwithallourdocuments,patentsandintellectualproperty,”hesays.“Theyhavestolenalmosteverything.It’snotjustthecrownjewels-it’sthecrownjewels,andthejewelsofthecleaninglady,andthewatchofthesecretary!”ThedocumentsproducedbyWE-FORGEcouldalsoactashiddentrapstoconfusehackers,saysRachelTobac,CEOofSocialProofSecurity.Thesedocumentsmightalertsecuritywhenaccessed.Companieshavetypicallyusedhuman-createdfalsecopiesforthisstrategy.Butnowthealgorithmisabletodothatforus.Thesystemproducesconvincingtrapsbysearchingthroughadocumentforkeywords.Foreachoneitfinds,itcalculatesalistofrelatedconceptsandreplacestheoriginaltermwithonechosenatrandom.Theprocesscanproducedozensofdocumentsthatcontainnopatentinformationbutstilllookcredible.Subrahmanianandhisteamaskedcomputerscienceandchemistrygraduatestoevaluaterealandfalsepatentsfromtheirrespectivefields.AndthehumansfoundtheWE-FORGE-createddocumentshighlybelievable.WE-FORGEmighteventuallyexpanditsboundary.BothSubrahmanianandTobacthinkthisresearchwillattractcommercialinterest.“Icoulddefinitelyseeanorganizationinvestinginthistypeofproduct,”Tobacsays.“Ifthiscreatesbelievabledecoyswithoutreleasingsensitivedetailswithinthosetraps,thenIthinkyou’vegotahugewiththere.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decoys”inParagraph2referto?A.Misleadingdocuments.B.Originalterms.C.Computeroperatingsystems.D.Cybersecurities.29.InParagraph3,whatSubrahmaniansaysindicates______.A.thegreedinessofhackersB.thewealthofthecompaniesC.theunreliabilityofthenetworkD.thevarietyofintellectualproperty30.WhatcanwelearnaboutWE-FORGE?A.Itwillsoundalarmuponbeingoperated.B.Itisprofitablefortheusersbyavoidingtheirloss.C.Ithasattractedinvestorsforitsapplicationinmanyfields.D.Itcancomposeirrelevantconceptsinthefalsedocuments.DThescientistsbehindanewdatabaseofmorethan400extremeweatherattribution(歸因)studieshaveperformedanessentialservice.Thispieceofwork,drawingtogethereverystudyofthistype,oughttocreateagreatersenseofurgencyaroundpolicymakingandcampaigning.Itshowsthatintenseheatwaves,hurricanes,andfloodshaveallbeenmadefarmorelikelybygreenhousegasemissions.Anditspellsoutthealarmingunpredictabilityaswellastheextentofglobalheating’sconsequences.Untiltheearly2000s,whenthefirstattributionstudieswerepublished,itwashardertolinkCO2intheatmospherewithglobalheating’ssensibleeffects.Thankstoagrowingbodyofresearch,nowweknow.Thelastsummer’srecord-breaking“heatdome”(熱穹頂)acrosstheglobewouldhavebeenalmostimpossiblewithouthuman-causedclimatechange.“Beautyistruth,truthbeauty,”wrotethepoetJohnKeatsjustover200yearsago.Whenitcomestoclimate,truthcanfeelclosertoterrorthesedays.Butscientistsarerighttoinsistthattherealitymustbefaced.Indeed,thisistheonlywaytoavoidthemostdisastrousoutcomes.Inanewbook,HothouseEarth,ProfBillMcGuirearguesthatwehavereachedastagewhenminimisingdangersshouldberegardedas“climateappeasement”.Likethehistoricalresponsibilityforcarbonemissions,attitudesandexperiencesinthepresentcrisisareunevenlyandunjustlysharedout.Billionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,andaboveallintheglobalsouth,arecaughtupday-to-dayinastruggleforsurvival.Thisdoesn’tmeantheydon’trecogniseglobalheating;subsistence(勉強(qiáng)維持生活)farmersandfishersaremoredirectlyexposedtoenvironmentaldamagethananyoneelse.Butwesterngovernments,businessesandpeoplewhoarerelativelyshelteredfromglobalheating’sworsteffectsshouldrecognisethisastheprivilegethatitis.Withthisyear’sClimateChangeConferencefastapproaching,westerngovernmentsmustfollowthroughontheirpromisesofclimatefinancetoenableagreentransitioninthedevelopingworld.Thepurposeofattributionscienceisnotsimplytowarntheworldaboutwhatishappening,buttoaidpreparationsforwhathasnothappenedyet.Themostalarmingglobaltrend,apartfromstill-risingemissionsthatmeanweareoncoursefor2.5°Cofheating,istheunexpectedspeedwithwhichitisalreadycausingchaos.Givenwhatwenowknowabouttheimpactof1°Cofwarming,itisnoexaggerationtosaythatthistrendisdisastrous.Butalternativesexist,andinsistingonthispointhasneverbeenmoreimportant.Thealarmingfindingsofattributionscientistscangiverisetodesperation-butmustnotbeallowedtoenddeterminationandhope.31.Theattributionstudiesimplythat____.A.policiesaddressingclimateissuesareineffectiveB.itishardtolinkCO2withtheeffectsofglobalheatingC.theextentofglobalheating’sconsequencesisunpredictableD.humansaretoblamefortheincreasedoccurrenceofdisasters32.HowdoesProfBillMcGuirefeelaboutthepresentclimatecrisis?A.Worried. B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic. D.Puzzled.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theglobalsouthisinurgentneedoffinancialsupport.B.Thespeedingupofglobalwarminghasspelledtrouble.C.Globalheatingaffectswesterncountriestoalargerextent.D.Theefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissionhasworked.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tourgethepublictofollowthescience.B.Topersuadethescientiststofurthertheirstudy.C.Toassessthecurrentpolicyontheclimatecrisis.D.Toconfirmthepublic’sconcernforglobalheating.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThePowerof”Like“Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-uporahearticonisaneasywaytostayintouch.____35____Clicking”like“onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.____36____Accordingtorecentstudies,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains,especiallyforteens.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmanylikes)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____37____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.Morelikely,itmayaffectbehavioralattitudes.____38____Inone2011study,inwhichteensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,suggeststhatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Lastyear,researchersrecruited(招募)32teenstocheckwhethertheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmedia.Theyfoundthatpopularphotosmightsignaltothemthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.____39____Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Alikeisasocialcue.Teensuseittolearnhowtonavigatetheirsocialworld.Clicking”like“isasimpleactthatcanhavecomplexresults.Alltechuserswillbethoughtfulaboutsocialmedia.A.Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.B.It’snosurprisethatfeedbackfrompeersaffectshowteensbehave.C.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.D.Theirbrainsrespondtothoselikesbyturningontherewardcenter.E.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose”likes“canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Theidiom“No‘I’inTeam”isbasedonapun(雙關(guān)語)-Theword“team”doesnotcontaintheletter“i”,whichhighlightstheideathatinsteadoffocusingonthemselvesasindividuals,teammembersshouldworktogethertoachievetheircommongoals.Whenitcomestoachievingsuccess,there’snodenyingthatteamworkplaysacrucialrole.We’veallbeenthere-groupprojectsatschool,workingwithcolleaguesattheofficeorplayingsportswithteammates.Asuccessfulteamagreesandsetsgoalsbasedonoutcomesandresultstocompleteitstasks.It’simportantthateachmemberknowsthedirectiontheteamisworkingtoward,theirresponsibilities,andhowtheyaimtoachievetheteam’scollectivegoals.It’sessentialthatgroupmemberswithintheteamshareworkloadsandhelpeachothertosucceed.Mostly,intypicalworkplaceculture,beingfocusonindividualpursuitsisconsideredplainselfish,butissupportingindividualsintheirownpursuitsreallyanti-team?Evidencesuggeststhatputtingthe“I”backintoteamcanimproveworkplaceproductivityandemployeeengagement.Inthe1990stheHarvardBusinessSchooldidresearch,demonstratingthebenefitsofgivingemployeespaidtimetofollowtheirownindividualpursuits.Sincethen,somenotablecompanieshaveintroducedunstructuredtimeintotheirworkplaces.Globally,85%ofemployeesaredisengagedintheirwork.InDanielPink’sbookDrive,hearguesthatthebestwaytomotivateemployeesisnotthroughthecarrotandstickapproachbutratherthroughallowingandenablingthemtodirecttheirownlives.Whenteamsunderstandwhatmatterstotheindividualswithinthem,theyareabletobetterempathizewitheachotherandhaveeachothers’backs.Thereisan“I”inteamandwhenwestarttoimplementprogramsthatsupportindividualsintheirpursuits,wemayjustfindtheyaremorecreative,moreengagedandmoreproductive.40.Whatideadoestheidiom“No‘I’inTeam”highlight?_______________________________________________________________41.Whyisitimportanttoput“I”backintoteam?_______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.AccordingtoDanilePink,theeffectivewaytomotivatethe85%employeesistosetthegoalthecompanywouldliketheiremployeestoachieve._______________________________________________________________43.Asanindividual,howcanyouplayyourroleinateam?_______________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是李華。你的英國筆友Chris第一次去中國同學(xué)家中做客。他給你發(fā)來郵件，詢問去中國家庭做客的社交禮儀。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.社交禮儀；2.提出建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearChris,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案筆試(共三部分100分)第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.A6.B7.B8.D9.A10.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在足球隊(duì)落選后，選擇參加無需選拔的跑步隊(duì)，在挑戰(zhàn)自我的過程中不斷努力，最終成為了一名優(yōu)秀的越野賽跑選手的故事?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：名單上沒有我的名字。A.coming來；B.missing錯(cuò)過，思念；C.turning轉(zhuǎn)身；D.changing改變。根據(jù)“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，作者的名字沒有出現(xiàn)在足球啦啦隊(duì)名單上。這里missing為形容詞，在句中作表語，表示“缺席的；不在的”。故選B?！?題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然和他們一起吃午飯，仍然為他們講的笑話發(fā)笑，但我覺得自己好像不屬于這里。A.but但是；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.for因?yàn)椤８鶕?jù)“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,”和“IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我父親建議我參加一項(xiàng)學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)——跑步，因?yàn)槿魏稳硕伎梢詧?bào)名參加，不需要經(jīng)過選拔。A.throwing投擲；B.cheerleading啦啦隊(duì)；C.football足球；D.running跑步。根據(jù)下文“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者參加了跑步隊(duì)。故選D。【4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是想我可能會(huì)參加直到我再次成為啦啦隊(duì)員。A.recorded記錄；B.heard聽說；C.figured認(rèn)為，想；D.concluded推斷。根據(jù)“ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.”可知，此處表示作者當(dāng)時(shí)的想法。故選C。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一場(chǎng)又一場(chǎng)的比賽，我仍然感到我的肺在努力燃燒。A.efforts努力；B.diseases疾??；C.needs需要；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者在跑步隊(duì)很努力。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我猜我想挑戰(zhàn)一下自己，看看我是否能提高我的跑步時(shí)間。A.accept接受；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.express表達(dá)；D.treat對(duì)待。根據(jù)“toseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.”可知，作者想挑戰(zhàn)自己。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二年春天來臨的時(shí)候，我興奮地加入了足球啦啦隊(duì)，但令人難以置信的是，我收到了一位新的越野教練的來信，邀請(qǐng)我加入他的跑步隊(duì)。A.sending發(fā)送；B.asking邀請(qǐng)；C.teaching教；D.reminding提醒。根據(jù)“Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,”可知，新的越野教練邀請(qǐng)作者加入跑步隊(duì)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我沒有理由選擇跑步而不是啦啦隊(duì)，除了我跟隨自己的心。A.incaseof萬一；B.inspiteof盡管；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除了。根據(jù)“Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,”可知，除了聽從自己的內(nèi)心，作者沒有選擇啦啦隊(duì)，而是選擇了跑步。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我打電話給教練，告訴他我要試一試時(shí)，我從未意識(shí)到一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的決定會(huì)改變我的生活方向。A.decision決定；B.complaint抱怨；C.evaluation評(píng)價(jià)；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)“wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.”可知，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的決定改變了作者的生活方向。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我選擇成為一名跑步者時(shí)，我選擇做真實(shí)的自己。A.friendly友好的；B.tolerant寬容的；C.true真實(shí)的；D.respectful有禮貌的。根據(jù)“Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.”可知，作者選擇做一個(gè)真正的自己，而不是隨波逐流。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.recorded12.arethought13.isworking【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國衰退最快的鳥類物種斑鳩數(shù)量下降的原因，政府正在采取措施保護(hù)他們?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：由近1000名志愿者、農(nóng)民和縣鳥類俱樂部記錄的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，現(xiàn)在只剩下近2100對(duì)，低于1970年的12.5萬對(duì)。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語形式在句中作定語，且動(dòng)詞record與被修飾詞Thedata構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。故填recorded。【12題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：南歐棲息地的喪失和槍擊事件被認(rèn)為是造成這種下降的原因。句子陳述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，空處動(dòng)詞與主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope“南歐棲息地的喪失和槍擊事件”是兩個(gè)方面，故be動(dòng)詞用are。故填arethought?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：然而，還是有希望的，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在政府正在與土地所有者合作，允許更多的食物供應(yīng)到棲息地。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語now可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語thegovernment為單數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填isworking?！敬鸢浮?4.successfully15.difficulties16.on17.development【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了中國第一架國產(chǎn)客機(jī)中國商飛C919成功在5月完成首飛，標(biāo)志著中國航天史上的一個(gè)里程碑?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：5月，中國第一架國產(chǎn)客機(jī)中國商飛C919成功完成首飛，標(biāo)志著中國航天史上的一個(gè)里程碑。分析句子可知，空處修飾動(dòng)詞completed，應(yīng)用副詞successfully，在句中作狀語。故填successfully?！?5題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：到目前為止，中國已經(jīng)解決了100多項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的困難，申請(qǐng)了1萬多項(xiàng)專利。根據(jù)morethan100keytechnologies可知，此處difficulty指具體困難，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填difficulties?！?6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：過去，中國主要依賴其他國家的技術(shù)，但今天正在應(yīng)用自己的技術(shù)，有助于推動(dòng)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。dependon“依靠，依賴”為固定短語。故填on?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：過去，中國主要依賴其他國家的技術(shù)，但今天正在應(yīng)用自己的技術(shù)，有助于推動(dòng)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。分析句子可知，空處在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞development，不可數(shù)名詞。故填development?！敬鸢浮?8.whose19.Growing20.what【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了安娜·瓊斯的第一本書《城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系危機(jī)的劃分》入圍2022年詹姆斯·克羅珀·溫賴特獎(jiǎng)。她從小在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大，使得她對(duì)農(nóng)村生活有獨(dú)特見解，并創(chuàng)立一些項(xiàng)目來幫助農(nóng)民?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：安娜·瓊斯是一名記者，她的第一本書《城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系危機(jī)的劃分》入圍2022年詹姆斯·克羅珀·溫賴特獎(jiǎng)。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且先行詞AnnaJones在從句中作定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：在農(nóng)場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)大和在城市工作讓安娜對(duì)農(nóng)村生活有了難得的了解。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式在句中和working一起作并列主語，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Growing?！?0題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：她還開辦了一個(gè)媒體教育項(xiàng)目，幫助農(nóng)民找到信心，與更廣泛的世界分享他們的經(jīng)歷。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少賓語，且指代事情，應(yīng)用連接代詞what作引導(dǎo)詞。故填what。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.C23.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)非洲的志愿者服務(wù)項(xiàng)目?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WildlifeandConservationProjects部分“WildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.(在非洲做野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)志愿者有時(shí)是一項(xiàng)艱巨的工作，因?yàn)槟惚仨毺幚砣祟惻c野生動(dòng)物的沖突，并確保當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)從保護(hù)中受益)”可知，在野生動(dòng)物和保護(hù)項(xiàng)目中，您將處理人類與野生動(dòng)物之間的沖突。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(這里有各種各樣的志愿服務(wù)機(jī)會(huì)，包括非洲的醫(yī)療、體育和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)，這有助于獲得實(shí)際的國際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并學(xué)到課本上永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)學(xué)到的東西)”可知，你可以從這三個(gè)項(xiàng)目中獲得工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(這里有各種各樣的志愿服務(wù)機(jī)會(huì)，包括非洲的醫(yī)療、體育和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)，這有助于獲得實(shí)際的國際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并學(xué)到課本上永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)學(xué)到的東西)”可知，文章主要介紹了三個(gè)非洲的志愿者服務(wù)項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?4.D25.A26.C27.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了勞倫特的父母帶著他們的四個(gè)成年后會(huì)失明的孩子去環(huán)游世界，體現(xiàn)出一種要珍惜現(xiàn)在所擁有的并盡情享受生活的人生態(tài)度?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.

(在博茨瓦納，孩子們與穿制服的學(xué)童一起玩拍蛋糕游戲，在坦桑尼亞，他們與當(dāng)?shù)厝艘黄饑L試非洲傳統(tǒng)舞蹈，并住在香蕉農(nóng)場(chǎng)。)”可知，這家人很喜歡民間舞蹈。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.(2022年初，勞倫特的父母決定辭職。他們帶著他們的四個(gè)孩子，Mia、Léo、Colin和Lauren