2025屆新教材高考英語全程一輪復習Unit2SportsandFitness學生用書北師大版必修第一冊

UNIT2SPORTSANDFITNESS【基礎回顧】?核心詞匯——寫其形1．____________vi.&vt.聚集，聚合2．____________n.渴望3．____________n.力氣，活力4．____________adj.令人尷尬的5．____________n.包，包袱vi.&vt.把……包起來6．____________vt.使(某人)想起，提示7．____________vi.&vt.停止(做某事)8．____________vt.更寵愛9．____________vt.(在競賽、斗爭中)戰(zhàn)勝，戰(zhàn)勝10．____________n.尤其，特殊adj.特定的?閱讀詞匯——知其意1．championn.________________2．underdogn.________________3．bowlingn.________________4．inspirationn.________________5．gymnasticsn.________________6．guyn.________________7．jogvi.&n.________________8．courtn.________________9．frequencyn.________________10．shotn.________________11．badmintonn.________________12．golfn.________________?拓展詞匯——通其變1．amazevt.使驚愕→________adj.令人驚訝的；了不得的→________adv.驚人地，了不得地→________n．大為驚訝2．appointv．任命，委派；約定，指定→________n．約會，預約；任命→________vt.使悲觀→________adj.令人悲觀的3．relievevt.減輕，緩解→________n．寬慰；減輕，緩解4．systemn．系統(tǒng)→________adj.有系統(tǒng)的，有安排的，有條理的5．strongadj.強壯的，有力氣的→________n．力氣；強度，體力，特長→________vi.&vt.(使)強?。患訌?．announcevt.宣布→________n．通告，公告7．defencen．防守隊員，后衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)→________vt.防衛(wèi)8．regularadj.定期的，常常的→________adv.常常；定期地9．benefitn．好處，好處→________adj.有好處的10．satisfyvt.使?jié)M足，使?jié)M足→________/________adj.令人滿足的→________adj.感到滿足的→________n．滿足，滿足?高頻短語——記得牢1．________________而不是2．________________猛撞，猛擊3．________________使悲觀，辜負(別人的信任或期望)4．________________跟上，保持同步5．________________應當，應當6．________________(使)興奮起來，(使)振作起來7．________________有實力做8．________________健康狀況良好/不佳9．________________聚集10．________________以防萬一11．immunesystem________________12．befedupwith________________13．makesure________________14．tryoutfor...________________15．not...anymore________________?典型句式——懂其用1．when引導時間狀語從句______________________whichwasnexttoourbuilding,wewerewatchingagameonTV.當我們不在我們樓旁的籃球場打球的時候，我們就在電視上看競賽。2．although引導讓步狀語從句Paul'sfavouriteplayerwasTyroneBogues,aguywhoplayedfortheCharlotteHornets,________weactuallyagreethattheyarebothchampions.保羅最寵愛的球員是夏洛特黃蜂隊的蒂尼·博格斯，雖然事實上我們認為他們都是冠軍。3．which引導非限制性定語從句Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall,________madehimtheshortestplayereverintheNBA.博格斯身高只有一米六，是NBA歷史上最矮的球員。4．現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語Theteamgatheredaround,________________．隊員們圍攏過來，看起來很擔憂。5．省略關系代詞的定語從句Anyothertips______________________？你還能給我其他的建議嗎？6．祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句Don'truntoofastforthefirsthour________youwon'thaveenoughenergyleftfortherestoftherace.第一個小時不要跑得太快，否則你會沒有足夠的體力來跑完余下的賽程?！竞诵目键c】?第一版塊|重點單詞1．prefervt.更寵愛；寧愿preferencen．偏愛；愛好；喜好；偏愛的事物；最寵愛的東西prefereq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.tosth.寵愛某物而不寵愛某物,todosth.更寵愛做某事,doingsth.todoingsth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事))haveapreferencefor...偏愛……givepreferenceto...優(yōu)先考慮……inpreferenceto...優(yōu)先于……[學法點撥]“寧愿做……而不愿做……”的表示法匯總：preferdoing...todoing...＝prefertodo...ratherthando...＝wouldratherdo...thando...＝woulddo...ratherthando...[誤區(qū)警示](1)prefer—preferred—preferred：雙寫r；(2)prefer不用于進行時。(3)preferAtoB表示“取舍關系”，“取”A“舍”B。表示“比”用介詞to。Ipreferorangestoapples.(√)Ipreferorangesmorethanapples.(×)◎單句語法填空①Ihavethistheorythatmostpeopleprefer________(be)atworktobeingathome.②Iwouldpreferhim________(be)withusnextseason.③IbecameateacherbecauseIpreferredbooksandpeople________politics.④Theyneededtobearousedonewayortheother,andthey________(prefer)goodnewstobad.⑤Manypeopleexpressedastrong________(prefer)fortheoriginalplan.⑥Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreference________thosewithsomeexperience.⑦Apolarbearhasapreference________coldweather.2.trackn．軌道；蹤跡，蹤跡；小道vt.&vi.追蹤keeptrackofyourfitness 記錄你的健康狀況keeptothetrack 順著道兒走onthetrackof 跟蹤，追逐，跟隨losetrackof 不了解，與……失去聯(lián)系thousandsofmilesoftrack 數(shù)千英里的鐵道followhistracks 循著他的蹤跡◎單句語法填空①Don'tbelateforsupper...andkeep________thetracksothatyoudon'tgetlost!②[2024·全國Ⅰ卷閱讀]ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympics________(be)the50-kilometreracewalk.③Previousmethodsfor________(track)thepopulationofpolarbearshaven'tbeenemployed.3.defeatvt.(在競賽、斗爭中)戰(zhàn)勝，戰(zhàn)勝n．[C，U]失敗；戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗(1)aheavydefeat大敗terrible/seriousdefeat嚴峻受挫sufferadefeat(＝bedefeated)遭受失敗admitdefeat認輸acceptdefeat接受失敗(2)defeat/beatateam戰(zhàn)勝一個團隊Wedefeatedtheirteamby10points.我們贏了他們隊10分。(defeat/beat的賓語必需是人或團體)[詞語辨析]defeat,beat與windefeat/beat①賓語為對手時，兩者可通用；②defeat的賓語通常是敵人；③beat多用于競爭、競賽、辯論等。win①表示在競爭中取得成功；②賓語多是game，match，race，election，prize等；③不能接人，但可說winsb.over(把某人爭取過來)?！蜻x詞填空：defeat/beat/win①Shehasastrongdesireto________．②Damagedbutnot________，hewasstillaheadofme.③Ifwedon'tprepareforthespeechcontest,theywill________us.◎單句語法填空④OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs'death,smartphones________(defeat)conventionalPCsinsales.⑤Whenhe________(defeat),hecamedowntoearth.4．companyn．公司；一群人；陪伴，同伴accompanyvt.陪伴；伴隨……發(fā)生；給……伴奏vi.伴奏keepsb.company 陪伴某人incompanywith... 和……一起forcompany 做伴，陪伴acompanyof... 一伙……accompanysb.to 陪某人去……accompanysb.on/at 用……給某人伴奏◎單句語法填空①Hepersuadesmetotakehim________companyifIgoforatrip.②Heisguiding________companyoftourists.③Wevisitedthemuseum________companywithforeigntourists.④Shirleycametotheparty,________(accompany)byherbrother.⑤Ifshesang,hewouldaccompanyher________thepiano.⑥Agroupofyoungpioneersalwaysaccompanythedisabledgirl________theschool.5．treatvt.治療；對待；探討n．請客；款待treatmentn．治療；療法；處理；對待(1)treatsb.ashonouredguests把某人看作貴賓treat...with/like以……方式/看法對待treatsb.tosth.用某物款待/款待某人treatsb.tolunch請某人吃午餐treatsb.(forsth.)治療某人(病癥)treat...with.用……治療……(2)receivetreatmentfor就……接受治療givesb.treatment為某人治療get/have/receivetreatment接受治療need/requiretreatment須要治療hospital/medicaltreatment住院/藥物治療◎單句語法填空①Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthem________winners.②Itwassummer，andmydadwantedtotreatme________avacationlikeneverbefore.③Thedigitaltechnologycanbeusedtospraytheliquidontoplantleavesinaone-off________(treat).④Afteryearsofregular________(treat),shefinallyregainedherhealth.6．replacementn．替換的人(物)replacevt.取代；代替；替換；把……放回原處(1)areplacementfor...……的替補隊員/替補replaceAwith/byB用B代替Aberepalcedby/with...被……取代replacesb.as...取代某人當……replacesupperwithsnacks用零食替代了晚飯replacetheoldwiththenew除舊迎新replacethebookontheshelf把書放回架子上(2)“代替”的多種表達方式：replace taketheplaceoftakeone'splace inplaceofinone'splace insteadof◎單句語法填空①Mysecretaryleavesusnextweek,soweareadvertisingfor________replacement.②The________(replace)ofsugarinyourdietcanbedifficult.③Teacherswillnever________(replace)bycomputersintheclassroom.④Youcanusemilk________placeofcreaminthisrecipe.⑤Weneedareplacement________thetypistwholeftlastweek.⑥Nothingcanevertake________placeofrealloveandfamilytogetherness.7．desiren．渴望，欲望，愿望v．渴望，期望(1)動詞搭配：desireeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.渴望得到某物,todo...渴望做……,sb.todo...渴望某人做……,that...（賓語從句）渴望……))desire后跟從句時，從句需用虛擬語氣，從句謂語為(should＋)動詞原形(2)名詞搭配：haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.迫切想做某事,forsth.急于得到某物,that...有……的欲望/愿望))havenodesiretodosth.不想做某事expressadesiretodosth.表達想做某事的愿望satisfyone'sdesire滿足某人的欲望astrongdesireforpower劇烈的權力欲adesireforsuccess對成功的渴望◎單句語法填空①Youngpeoplehavenodesire________(work)forthegovernment.②Everyone________(desire)tosucceedwhilesuccessonlybelongstothehard-workingpeople.③Hehas________strongdesireforsuccess.④Hedesiresme________(go)abroadforfurthereducation.⑤Mydesire________knowledgedrovemetobuytheencyclopedia.⑥[2024·全國Ⅲ卷]Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesire________(change)thetradition.8．energyn．力氣，活力，精力；能源energeticadj.精力充足的；主動的；充溢活力的energeticallyadv.精力充足地(1)fullofenergy充溢活力awasteoftimeandenergy奢侈時間和精力saveone'senergy節(jié)約精力putallone'senergiesinto...把某人的全部精力投入到……solar/nuclearenergy太陽能/核能sound/light/heatenergy聲/光/熱能energysources/sourcesofenergy能源produce/storeenergy產生/貯存能量provideenergyfor...為……供應能量havemuchenergy精力充足(2)anenergeticmember一位充溢活力的成員◎單句語法填空①Morningmealsareimportanttousastheyprovideenergy________awholeday.②Youshouldexercisemoresoastokeep________(energy)andyoucanworkefficiently.③Mydramateacherhadbeenlookingforsomeonetoplayan________(energy)boyinacomedy.④Wewill________(energy)expandconsumers'demand.9.crowdn．人群，一伙人v．擁擠；聚集；擠滿crowdedadj.擁擠的thecrowd群眾(作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù))acrowdof一群；一伙crowdin擠進；(想法、問題等)涌上心頭，涌入腦海crowdinto擠進……；涌上(心頭)crowdout擠出；推開becrowdedwith...擠滿……◎單句語法填空①Itriedtokeepmyplaceinthequeue,buttheycrowdedme________．②Icrowdedeverything________mysuitcase.③Iwasnearlypushedoverby________crowdofchildren.④Inthewintertheplaceiscrowded________skiers.⑤Theaudiencecrowded________thehall,waitingfortheappearanceoftheirfavouriteactress.⑥Happymemoriescrowdedin________measIlookedatthephotographs.⑦Everyoneintherestaurant________(crowd)aroundthemandstartedsinging.10．bouncevi.&vt.(使)彈起，(使)反彈bouncealong 顛跳前進bounceback 反彈；向后跳；快速復原活力bounceinto 以上上下下的動作進入bounceoff 彈開bouncedupanddown蹦蹦跳跳◎單句語法填空①Theballhitthewallandbounced________it.②Weallpileinandbounce________dirtroadsforacoupleofhours.③Welosttwoorthreeearlygamesbutwebounced________．④Theballbounced________theholebesidethetree.11．applicationn．[C，U]申請，申請書；應用，應用程序applyv．應用；申請applicantn．申請人appliedadj.應用的，好用的(1)ajobapplication求職信aletterofapplication申請信fillinanapplicationform填寫申請表writtenapplications書面申請collegeapplications高校(入學)申請makeanapplicationtosb.for...向某人(某機構)申請……(2)applyfor申請applytosb.forsth.向某人申請……applysth.tosth.把……應用到……applyoneselfto致力于◎單句語法填空①Sheplanstotakeacoursein________(apply)linguistics.②This________(apply)isbyfarthebetterthanthatone.③Weregrettoinformyouthatyour________(apply)hasnotbeensuccessful.④I'dliketomakeanapplication________aloan.⑤Wehadrelativelyfew________(application)forthejob.⑥[2024·全國Ⅰ卷]Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapply________eachkey.⑦Youmayapply________ticketsinpersonorbyletter.⑧Itisdifficulttoapplyoneself________aboringtask.12.quitvi.&vt.停止(做某事)；離開；離任；輟學quiteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./oneselfof...使某人/自己擺脫……,one'sjob辭去工作,doingsth.停止做某事,smoking戒煙,thecity離開該城市,thehabitof...放棄……的習慣,asmanageroftheteam辭去團隊經理的職務（此處表,示“作為”某種職務而辭職）))[詞語辨析]quit,stop與endquit指最終徹底停止某事，有時示意遭到失敗或面臨挫折；stop指動作、運行、進展等被停下來，含突然、斷然的意味；end多指自然的結束?！騿尉湔Z法填空①Whathesaidquitme________fear.②Shereliedontoughlovetohelphimquit________(drink).③He________(quit)whenherealisedhecouldnotwin.④Susan________(quit)herwell-paidjobandwasworkingasavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.13．occupyvt.占用，占去(時間、空間等)；占據(jù)，占據(jù)；使忙于occupiedadj.已占有的，無空閑的occupationn．職業(yè)，占據(jù)occupysb./oneselfindoingsth.使某人/自己忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth.忙于某事beoccupiedin(doing)sth.忙于(做)某事bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事◎單句語法填空①Thefactory________(occupy)fouracresofground.②He________(occupy)intranslatinganEnglishnovel.③She'sfully________(occupy)withwork.④Pleasestateyourname,ageand________(occupy)below.⑤Shewasoccupied________thecleaningofthebighouse.⑥Heoccupiedhimself________collectingstamps.14．amazinglyadv.驚人地，了不得地amazevt.使驚異amazingadj.令人驚異的amazedadj.驚異的amazementn．驚訝，驚異(1)amazinglycheap便宜極了anamazingachievement/discovery/success驚人的成就/發(fā)覺/成功(2)inamazement驚訝地toone'samazement令某人驚訝的是muchtoone'samazement＝toone'sgreatamazement令某人大為驚訝的是(3)beamazedat/by...對……大為驚異beamazedthat...很驚異……beamazedtosee/hear/find...看到/聽說/發(fā)覺……感到驚訝◎單句語法填空①________(amazing),TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.②________(amaze)atmyclassmates'fluentspokenEnglish,Iwasdeterminedtobeasgoodastheywere.③What________(amaze)meishowlongshemanagedtohideitfromus.④Shewasshakingwithfear,whilethetwomenwerelookingatherin________(amaze).⑤Itisoneofthemost________(amaze)filmsI'veeverseen.⑥Muchtohis________(amaze),shelikedtheidea.15．relievevt.減輕，緩解；解除reliefn．減輕，緩解，寬慰；救濟品relieveeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(thesymptomsofacold減輕感冒癥狀,stress減輕壓力,pain緩解難受))relieve...from...將……從……中解除；減輕berelievedtodosth.因做某事而感到欣慰berelievedthat放心，松了一口氣inrelief如釋重負；松了口氣asighofrelief松了口氣toone'srelief使某人欣慰的是[聯(lián)想拓展]eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(relievev．→reliefn．寬慰,believev．→beliefn．信任；信念))◎單句語法填空①He________(relieve)ofhispostlastmonth.②Sheseemed________(relieve)thatthingswerebetter.③Iwasrelieved________(see)themback.④Thenovelsmayrelieveme________stress,butIshouldhavefocusedonstudy.⑤Hearingthenews,wesmiled________relief.⑥Weallmadeasighof________(relieve)whenweheardthathewassafe.16．amountn．數(shù)量，數(shù)額vi.總計；等于alarge/smallamountof＋不行數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動詞large/smallamountsof＋不行數(shù)名詞＋復數(shù)謂語動詞amountto等于；相當于；意味著；總計；共計inamount在數(shù)量上[學法點撥]“很多，大量”的多種表達(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agood/greatmany,alarge/greatnumberof,quiteafew))eq\a\vs4\al(＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),＋復數(shù)謂語動詞)(2)manya(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋單數(shù)謂語動詞(3)agreat/gooddealof＋不行數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動詞(4)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alotof/lots,of/plentyof))eq\a\vs4\al(＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)＋復數(shù)謂語動詞,＋不行數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動詞)(5)alargequantityof＋不行數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動詞eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alargequantityof＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),largequantitiesof＋\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(不行數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)))))＋eq\a\vs4\al(復數(shù)謂,語動詞)◎單句語法填空①Thelossfromtheflood________(amount)totenmilliondollars.②Vitaminsshouldbetaken________smallamounts.③[2024·全國Ⅲ卷]Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimethese________(amount)wereforbiddingtomostcitizens.④Thenumberofbookspublishedthisyearamounts________overamillion.⑤Keepingsilentinthiscaseamountsto________(support)thespeaker.⑥Hehas________largeamountofmailtoanswereveryday.17．preventvt.預防；阻擋，阻擋preventionn．預防，阻擋；阻礙preventiveadj.預防的，防備的eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prevent...（from）doingsth.,stop...（from）doingsth.,keep...fromdoingsth.))阻擋……做某事[誤區(qū)警示](1)以上三個短語用于主動語態(tài)時，keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不能省略，因為省略后keep...doing...表示“使……始終做……”。(2)用于被動語態(tài)時，三個短語中的from都不能省略。◎單句語法填空①They________(prevent)fromenteringthebuilding.②Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthem________(turn)brown.③________(prevent)alsoplaysacentralroleintraditionalmedicine.④Wemusttake________(prevent)measurestoreducecrimeinthearea.⑤Atnightvehicleswerestopped________enteringthecitycentre.⑥Don'tletthedriveforperfectionkeepyou________doingsomethinggreat.18．equipmentn．設備，裝備equipvt.裝備；具備；打算equipsb./sth.todosth.使某人/某物具備條件做某事equipfor...為……做打算equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物裝備某人/某物beequippedwith...配備有……(表示狀態(tài))[誤區(qū)警示]equipment是不行數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式。表示數(shù)量時，用piece修飾，apieceofequipment表示“一件設備”。◎單句語法填空①Theyareequippingthemselves________ajourney.②Pleaseequipyourself________apencilandarubberfortheexam.③Ownersofrestaurantswouldhavetoequipthem________(admit)disabledpeople.④Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessary________(equip)withyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.⑤They________(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods,sotheyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.19．satisfactionn．滿足，滿足；使?jié)M足的事物，令人滿足的事；樂事satisfyvt.使?jié)M足，使興奮satisfiedadj.感到滿足的satisfyingadj.令人滿足的(1)withsatisfaction滿足地toone'ssatisfaction使某人滿足的是thesatisfactionofbasichumanneeds人類基本需求的滿足getsatisfactionfromsth.從某事中得到滿足find/feelsatisfactionin/at...對……感到滿足expresssatisfaction表示滿足asense/feelingofsatisfaction滿足感asmile/lookofsatisfaction滿足的笑容/神情befarfromsatisfaction令人很不滿足(2)satisfysb.with...用……來使人滿足besatisfiedwith...對……感到滿足besatisfiedtodosth.＝becontenttodosth.＝bepleasedtodosth.對做某事感到滿足◎單句語法填空①Theresultofthetest________(satisfy)theteachers.②Shecanlookbackonhercareerwithgreat________(satisfy).③Theyfindgreatsatisfaction________improvingthequalityoflifeforpeople.④________asmileofsatisfactiononhisfacehesaid,“There!Howdoesthatfeel？”⑤ThoughIhadalotofexperienceandaMaster'sDegree,Icouldnotfind________(satisfy)work.⑥________mysatisfaction,mybrotherhasmadegreatprogressinEnglishinthepasttwomonths.⑦Hewasenjoyingallthe________(satisfaction)ofbeingaparent.20．responsen．回答，答復；反應，響應respondv．回答；響應；作出反應；回應inresponseto...作為對……的答復/反應make/givearesponseto...對……作出回應/反應make/givenoresponse沒有回應respondto回答，回復；對……作出反應respondwith應對；回復respondthat...回答……◎單句語法填空①Wephonedthemmanytimestoaskforhelp,buttheymadeno________(respond).②Theproductwasdeveloped________responsetocustomers'demands.③Theymade________coldresponsetothematter.④Confusingly,blindpeoplealsorespond________thelight.⑤Shewaved,andheresponded________acharmingsmile.?其次版塊|重點短語1．ingood/badshape健康狀況良好/不佳；處于很好/不良的狀態(tài)Theancientsilkpaintingisstillingoodshape.這幅古代絹畫依舊狀況良好。stay/keepinshape保持體形；保持健康getintoshape讓身體強健起來outofshape變形，走樣；健康狀況不好inshape在形態(tài)上；健康狀況良好intheshapeof...呈……的形態(tài)；以……的形式◎單句語法填空①He's________goodshapeforamanofhisage.②Regularexercisehelpsthefilmstarget________shapeandkeepaslimfigure.③Thekniveswerebent________ofshape.④Therewasaredmarkonhisbackin________shapeoftheletterS．⑤Athletesmuststay________shape.2.not...anymore不再……Idon'tridemymotorbikeanymore.我不再騎我的摩托車了。not...anymore＝nomorenot...anylonger＝nolonger[學法點撥]not...anymore表示次數(shù)不再接著，而not...anylonger表示時間上不再接著。Icouldn'ttrusthimanymore.我再不能信任他了。Hewillnotrecognisemeanylonger.他不愿再理睬我了?！蚍g句子①別再奢侈我的時間了！________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②我不再信任他的人品。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．payoff取得成功；奏效；得到回報；償清，付清；付清工資后解雇(某人)Hishardworkingwilleventuallypayoff.他的努力工作終將會得到回報。Theyhaveloans,bills,amortgagetopayoff,retirementtosavefor.他們有貸款、賬單、抵押貸款要還，還有退休儲蓄要存。payback 償還(欠款)；報復paydown (分期或部分)支付；償還payup 付清全部欠款payfor 為……付錢；為……付出代價[名師點津]payoff表示“取得成功；奏效”時，物作主語；表示“償清，付清”時，人作主語。◎寫出句中payoff的含義①IneedtopayoffallmydebtsbeforeIleavethecountry.____________②[2024·全國Ⅰ卷]TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.____________③Ourplancertainlypaidoff;itwasagreatidea.____________◎單句語法填空④Wegottothehotel,andIpaid________thetaxi.⑤Everyclubmembermustpay________hismembershipmoneybeforetheendoftheseason.⑥Hispatienceandhardworkfinallypaid________withagoldmedal.⑦Sheconcludedshewouldpay________theexactamountonSaturday.4．keepupwith跟上，保持同步；和……保持聯(lián)系Doyoukeepupwithyourclassmatesinhighschool？你與中學的同學保持聯(lián)系嗎？(1)keepup 接著下去，保持keepon 接著keepawayfrom 避開，不接近keepback 忍?。蛔钃?；抑制；隱瞞keepoff (使)不接近；避開；攔住keepout 留在外面，不進入keepoutof 使不進入……keepsb.from(doing)sth.阻擋某人(做)某事(2)“v.＋upwith”結構的短語：comeupwith 提出，想出(無被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài))catchupwith 趕上，追上(前面的人)；趕上(其他人的水平)endupwith 以……結束putupwith 容忍，忍受makeupwith 與……和解/和好breakupwith 與……分手◎單句語法填空①Imanagedtosticktothedietandkeep________sweetfoods.②[2024·天津卷]Ididn'tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepup________anybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeerswhounderstoodme.③Shewassomovedthatshecouldn'tkeep________histears.④Ihopethefineweatherwillkeep________．⑤Somepaintwillkeepthewood________damagebywater.◎選詞填空：keep/come/end/put⑥I'mnotgoingto________upwiththeirsmokinganylonger.⑦Keepyoureyeonthesejokers,youneverknowwhattheywill________upwith.⑧Ihavetoworkhardto________upwiththeotherstudents.⑨HowcanLeslie________upwithonlyonepainting?5．cheerup(使)興奮起來，(使)振作起來cheerfuladj.歡樂的，興奮的cheerfullyadv.歡快地；愉悅地cheeringadj.令人興奮的Hetriedtocheerthemupwithfunnystories.他想講些滑稽的故事使他們快樂。Everytimewegottoanewplace,Momwouldcheeruplikeachild.每次我們到一個新地方，媽媽都會像孩子一樣興奮起來。cheerfor 為……喝彩叫好；為……鼓勁加油cheersb.on (在競賽中)為某人加油；以喝彩聲激勵Cheers! (祝酒用語)干杯！◎單句語法填空①Ourteacherscheerus________inclasseveryday.②Itiswonderfultoseeyouso________(cheer).③Let'sgotothefootballgameandcheer________ourfavouriteteam.④Thecrowdcheeredtherunners________astheystartedonthelastlapoftherace.⑤Debbiegreetedher________(cheerful),andtheygotdowntobusiness.⑥Let'sdrinkatoasttoourhostess.________(cheer)!6．getsth./sb.doing使某物/某人起先起來或處于某種狀態(tài)下Oncewegottheheatergoingthecarstartedtowarmup.我們一啟動加熱器，汽車就起先預熱。getsb./sth.todosth.讓某人/某物做某事getsth.done使某事被做；遭受某事[學法點撥]在getsb./sth.doingsth.中，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補通常指習慣性、常常性的動作，賓語是動作的發(fā)出者。在getsb./sth.todosth.中，不定式作賓補通常指一次性的或者是還沒有發(fā)出的將來的動作，賓語是動作的發(fā)出者。在getsth.done中，過去分詞作賓補，強調被動性的動作，賓語是動作的承受者。◎單句語法填空①Wegotmother________(prepare)ourlunch.②Theygotaphotograph________(take)togetherinfrontoftheleaningtower.③Ishallsoongetthemachine________(work).④Wecouldn'tgethim________(sign)theagreement.⑤Sheworkedallafternoononthecarbutnevergotit________(run).⑥Theywantedtogettheworkers________(call)offthestrike.7．referto...as...把……稱為；認為……是ThechildrenusedtorefertothatoldteacherasGrandpa.孩子們過去常常稱那位老老師為爺爺。(1)refertothedictionary/referencebook查閱/看字典/參考書refertosb./sth.談到/提到/涉及到某人/事；指的是refersb.tosb.else 把某人介紹/托付給另一人referto...as... 把……稱為……；認為……是……(2)regard...as... 把……看作……consider...as... 認為……是……thinkofsb.as... 認為某人是……take...for... 把……誤看成/當作……treatsb.as... 把……當作……對待◎單句語法填空①Thescientistreferredtothediscovery________themostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.②Oilisoftenreferred________asbloodforindustry.③Itwasunwiseinyourspeechtoreferto________(rise)unemployment(失業(yè)).8.makesure確保；弄清；查明makesure(that)...確信；務必makesureof/about(doing)sth.確?！?；弄清晰……besureof/about/that...對……有信念/有把握(主語自身的信念)besuretodosth.肯定會做某事；務必要做某事(說話者對主語的推斷或要求)Youcanonlybesureofwhatyouhaveatthemoment;youcannotbesureofsomethingyoumightgetinthefuture.你只能確定你現(xiàn)在擁有什么；你不能確定你將來可能得到什么?！騿尉湔Z法填空①We'dbetterstartearlysothatwecanarriveearlyatthestationtomakesureof________(get)tickets.②Pleasemakesure________thecauseoftheaccidentandthenreporttothedirector.③Youaresure________(success)ifyougoonworkinghard.Ibelieveinyou!④Ifyouarenotsure________theanswer,sayno.⑤Italkedtoherpatientlyenoughtomakesureofher________(go)withus.⑥Fathermakessure________allthelightsareoffbeforehegoestobed.?第三版塊|典型句式1．as引導非限制性定語從句Asisknowntoall,theearthmovesroundthesun.眾所周知，地球圍著太陽轉。(as在從句中作主語)Heisaforeigner,asweknowfromhisaccent.他是個外國人，這從他的腔調可以知道。(as在從句中作賓語)Heisabsorbedinwork,asheoftenwas.他正在聚精會神地工作，他過去常常這樣。(as在從句中作表語)[學法點撥](1)as引導非限制性定語從句時，在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語。(2)as指代整個主句，as意為“正如，猶如”。(3)as引導的非限制性定語從句可位于主句之前、主句中間或主句之后，一般用逗號與主句隔開。[歸納總結]as引導非限制性定語從句時常用于以下結構：asweallknow＝asisknowntoall眾所周知aswecanimagine正如我們可以想象的那樣asyousee正如你所看到的asoftenhappens正如常常發(fā)生的那樣asisoftenthecase狀況常常如此aswasexpected正如預料的那樣asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的asisreportedinthenewspaper正如報紙上所報道的那樣Asweallknow,theearthisround.眾所周知，地球是圓的。Hastemakeswaste,asisoftenthecase.欲速則不達，這是常有的事。Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.據(jù)報道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在一年之內就下降了17%。[基礎練習]單句語法填空①________isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.②Acontainerweighsmoreafterairisputin,________provesthatairhasweight.③________isoftenthecasewithyoungpeople,heisoverconfident.④Wecannotdoeverythingsuccessfully,________oftenhappensinlife.⑤Mybrotherenjoysplayingbasketball,________hereallyplayswell.⑥________youcanimagine,everymistakemeantweneedtostartalloveragain.2.so...that如此……以至于(引導結果狀語從句)Whenthefootballfanssawthefootballstar,theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.當足球迷們看到足球明星時，他們興奮得大叫起來。[學法點撥](1)so是副詞，其后跟形容詞或副詞。詳細形式：so＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.,adj.＋a（n）＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),much/little（少）＋不行數(shù)名詞))))＋that...(2)such...that也表示“如此……以至于”，但such修飾名詞。詳細形式：such＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a（n）＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),adj.＋不行數(shù)名詞,adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)))＋that...Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光速傳播如此之快，我們幾乎沒法想象它的速度。SoexcitedwasMikethatheforgottobringmethegift.邁克是如此興奮，竟然遺忘給我?guī)ФY物了。Suchabigmistakedidhemakethattheteachercriticisedhim.他犯了這樣一個大錯，老師指責了他。[基礎練習]單句語法填空①MissGaoaskedsodifficult________questionthatnobodycouldanswerit.②Theyare________interestingbooksthatweallenjoyreadingthem.③TheEnglishteacheris________kindthatwealllikehim.④Hespends________muchtimeoncomputergamesthathefallsbehindhisclassmatesinhisstudy.⑤Heseemssuchaniceman________weallbelievehim.⑥Wehave________littlemoneythatwecan'tlendyouany.⑦Itwassuchafineday________wewentoutforawalk.⑧Theyare________interestingbooksthatIwanttoreadthemoncemore.⑨________welldidourgroupdointheexperimentthatwewerepraisedbyourteacher.⑩Suchapreciousgiftdidhegiveme________Iwasdeeplytouched.3．現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作狀語[教材原句]Theteamgatheredaround,lookingworried.球隊圍在我身邊，看起來很擔憂。[句式分析]lookingworried作伴隨狀語，主語theteam與look之間是主動關系。非謂語動詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(-ing\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞)),-ed過去分詞,todo不定式))分詞作狀語，主要看句子主語與構成分詞的動詞之間的關系，主動則用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動則用過去分詞。[易混比較]現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語與并列謂語的差異Theteamgatheredaround,lookingworried.(theteam與look為主動關系)→Theteamgatheredaroundandlookedworried.球隊圍在一起，看起來很擔憂。(and為并列連詞，此處省略主語theteam,look為連系動詞)[基礎練習]單句語法填空①Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercame________(run)fromthehouse.②Morehighwayshavebeenbuilt,________(make)itconvenientforpeopletotravel.③Ordinarysoap,________(use)corre