Unit6知識點(diǎn) 人教版英語八年級上冊

Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscienceWhatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?When(conj)當(dāng)...的時(shí)候引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句Eg:WhenIleave,thetelephonerings.WhenIgothome,hewaswatchingTV.注意：when作連詞時(shí)，如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，從句也要用過去時(shí)；如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Eg:IwasquitethinwhenIwasten.IwillwritetoyouwhenIcomeback.辨析：when與while(1)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；而while只能與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用Eg:Sorry,Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme.Whentheteachercomesin,wearetalking.Strikewhile/whentheironishot.趁熱打鐵（is為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示狀態(tài)）作為并列連詞when表示：在那時(shí)while表示：對照（而、卻）Eg:Thechildrenareplayinginthestreetwhentheyseeanoldman.孩子們正在街上玩這時(shí)他們看見了一個(gè)老人。Heisgoodatmathwhilehisbrotherisn’t.表示職業(yè)的名詞后綴后綴istartist藝術(shù)家pianist鋼琴家violinist小提琴家chemist化學(xué)家physicist物理學(xué)家scientist科學(xué)家novelist小說家terrorist恐怖分子后綴erteachersingerplayerworkerreporterfarmerbanker銀行家seller賣方后綴rdriverwriterspeaker發(fā)言者baker面包師后綴oractorvisitorinventor發(fā)明家editor編輯sailor海員后綴man/womanpostman郵遞員fisherman漁夫policewoman女警察后綴ianmusician音樂家 politician政治家historian歷史學(xué)家magician后綴arbeg-beggar乞丐lie-liar說謊者；騙子Well,I’mgoingtokeeponwritingstories,ofcourse.Keepondoingsth.不斷地做某事Eg:Hekeepsonaskingquestionsintheclass.他在課堂上不停地問問題。辨析：keepondoing與keepdoingkeepondoing：不斷地做某事（表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù)）keepdoing:保持做...（表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)）Eg:Hekeptstandinghereforanhour....,butI’mnotsureaboutthat.besure的用法如下：besure（后不接任何成分）肯定的；確定的Eg：Areyousure?besuretodosth.務(wù)必做某事（多用于祈使句）Eg:Besuretocheckyourpaperafteryoufinishit.besureof/about(doing)sth.對...有把握(用法同dream)Eg:I’mnotsureof/aboutmath.Sheissureof/aboutdrivingthecarbyherself.besure（that）+從句確定...Eg:I’mnotsure(that)shewillcome.Makesure的用法makesureof/about弄清楚Eg：Wemustmakesureof/aboutthetimeoftest.makesuretodosth.務(wù)必；一定（表示說話人的強(qiáng)烈要求或建議,多用于祈使句）Eg:Makesuretoturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.makesure+特殊疑問詞+不定式即:makesurewhat/how/when...todosth.Eg:Couldyoumakesurehowtousethetools?Haveyoumadesurewhentogofishingwithyourfather?makesure(that)+從句Eg:Shemadesurethatshehadturnedoffallthelights.I’mgoingtowritearticlesandsendthemtomagazinesandnewspaper.send:(v)寄；發(fā)送；派遣；打發(fā)（send-sent-sent）send的用法：sendsth.發(fā)送某物Eg:You’dbettersendtheletterontime.sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物送給某人Eg:Shesentmeanicebook.Shesentanicebooktome.sendsb.todosth.派遣某人去做某事Eg:Theteachersendshisstudenttogethimatextbook.sendsb.to+地點(diǎn)派某人去某地Eg:Tom’sbosssenthimtoAmerica.接雙賓的動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)間接賓語位置轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)所用介詞的不同，可以分為兩類用to表示動(dòng)作的目標(biāo)方向eg:showgivebringpassteachtelllend(借出)用for表示動(dòng)作為誰而做Eg：makecookbuyget(取)choosebook(預(yù)定)/order(訂購)preparesing含有send的短語sendout派遣；發(fā)送sendin呈報(bào)；提出sendfor召喚；派人去拿sendback送回sendoff驅(qū)逐sendup發(fā)射；使上升Whenwemakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear...resolution：(n)決心makeresolutionstodosth.下決心做某事同義短語：decidetodosth./makeadecisiontodosth.決定做某事beginning(n)開頭；開端常用短語：atthebeginningof...在...開始inthebeginning起初；一開始(=atfirst)frombeginningtoend從頭到尾辨析：start與begin大多數(shù)情況下可以通用start/begintodo/doingsth.開始做某事Eg:Whendidyoustart/beginlearningEnglish?start可用來表示企業(yè)、機(jī)構(gòu)、設(shè)施的創(chuàng)建、創(chuàng)辦、開辦(相當(dāng)于setup、build、found)Eg:Thecompanywasstartedbythetwobrothers.Forthisreason,somepeoplesaythebestresolutionistohavenoresolutions!tohavenoresolutions動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語No+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=notany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞No+單數(shù)名詞=nota(n)+單數(shù)名詞No+不可數(shù)名詞=notany+不可數(shù)名詞Eg：Theyhavenoapples.=Theydon’thaveanyapples.Hehasnoapple.=Hedoesn’thaveanapple.Ihavenotimetogoout.=Idon’thaveanytimetogoout.Wereyouabletokeepthem?beableto能夠做某事Eg：HewillbeabletobecomeanEnglishteacher.辨析：beableto與can表示有某種能力時(shí)，可以互換(can表示原本具有的某種能力；beableto通過努力獲得的某種能力)Eg：HeisabletospeakFrench.HecanspeakFrench.can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)beableto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)Eg:Canyousing?Couldyoulendmeyoureraser?Hewillbeabletotellyouthetruthsoon.(將來時(shí))Ihaven’tbeenabletosleepwellrecently.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))can可以表示“許可、允許、可能性”Eg:---CanIsithere?---Yes,please.---Canitbetrue?---No,itcan’tbetrue.表示成功地做了某事，只能用was/wereableto(相當(dāng)于managetodosth.)Eg:Hewasabletoswimtothebankaftertheboatturnedover.Theywereabletowinthefirstprizeintheend.can不能再與其他的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用；beableto可與其他的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用Eg：Hewillcancomeheretomorrow.(錯(cuò)誤)Hewillcomeheretomorrow.（正確）Youmightbeabletopersuadehim.你也許能夠說服他。Theseareaboutmakingyourselfabetterperson.make(使役動(dòng)詞)使后接do/n/adj作賓補(bǔ)即：make+賓語+n/adjEg:TheymadeTonytheirmonitor.Sheoftenmakesmehappy.Thegoodnewsmakesherfeelhappy.Mostofthetime,wemakepromisestoothermise(n)許諾；希望短語：makepromises/makeapromise許下諾言；做出許諾keep/breakapromise信守/違背諾言Eg:Ifyoumakeapromise,youshouldkeepmise(v)承諾其用法如下promisetodosth.答應(yīng)做某事Eg:Ipromisetodojustasyoumisesb.sth.答應(yīng)某人某事Eg:Hepromisesheranicepresentforhermisethat+從句Eg:TheypromisethattheywillreturnallthebooksbyFriday.11.Manyresolutionshavetodowithself-improvement.許多決心和自我提高有關(guān)havetodowith關(guān)于；與...有關(guān)系(相當(dāng)于havesomethingtodowith)Eg:Doeshehavesomethingtodowiththematter?havenothingtodowith與...沒有關(guān)系Eg:Tomhasnothingtodowiththematter.begoingto構(gòu)成的一般將來時(shí)定義：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，是一般將來時(shí)的一種表現(xiàn)形式時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow、in+時(shí)間