新教材2025版高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)作業(yè)二Unit1RelationshipsPartⅡLesson1Teachers北師大版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)Unit1PartⅡLesson1TeachersⅠ.閱讀理解ABillGatesandthepresidentofGeneralMotorshavemetforlunch,andBillisgoingonandonaboutcomputertechnology.“Ifautomotivetechnologyhadkeptpacewithcomputertechnologyoverthepastfewdecades,youwouldnowbedrivingaV-32insteadofaV-8,anditwouldhaveatopspeedof10,000milesperhour，”saysGates.“Or,youcouldhaveaneconomycarthatweighs30poundsandgetsathousandmilestoagallonofgas.Ineithercase,thestickerpriceofanewcarwouldbelessthan$50.Whyhaven'tyouguyskeptup？”ThepresidentofGMsmilesandsays,“Becausethefederalgovernmentwon'tletusbuildcarsthatcrashfourtimesaday.”Whyisthatfunny(ornotfunny,asthecasemaybe)?Humanbeingslovetolaugh,andtheaverageadultlaughs17timesaday.Humanslovetolaughsomuchthatthereareactuallyindustriesbuiltaroundlaughter.Jokes,sitcomsandcomediansarealldesignedtogetuslaughing,becauselaughingfeelsgood.Forusitseemssonatural,butthefunnythingisthathumansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatlaughs.Laughterisactuallyacomplexresponsethatinvolvesmanyofthesameskillsusedinsolvingproblems.Laughterisagreatthing—that'swhywe'veallheardthesaying,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Thereisstrongevidencethatlaughtercanactuallyimprovehealthandhelpfightdisease.Inthisarticle,we'lllookatlaughter—whatitis,whathappensinourbrainswhenwelaugh,whatmakesuslaughandhowitcanmakeushealthierandhappier.You'llalsolearnthatthere'satremendousamountthatnooneunderstandsyet.1．What'stheBestTitleofthePassage?A．LaughterB．TheJokeBetweenGatesandthePresidentofGeneralMotorsC．WhyDoWeLaugh?D．LaughterandHealth2．WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Computertechnologyhasdevelopedquicklyduringthepastfewdecades.B．AutomotivetechnologyhasdevelopedasfastascomputertechnologyaccordingtoBillGates.C.ThepresidentofGMthinksitisimpossibletobuildcarsworthlessthan50dollars.D．Ifcarswerelessthan50dollars,alargenumberofaccidentswouldhappenperday.3．Theunderlinedword“sitcoms”inParagraph3means“________”．A．situationcomediesB．tragediesC．bodylanguageD．fictions4．Thispassageismostprobablyan________.A．introductionofanarticleaboutMicrosoftB．introductionofanarticleaboutlaughterC．a(chǎn)rticleaboutlaughterD．introductionofanarticleaboutGeneralMotorsBInadditiontotheirdailytasks,thebraveMarspioneerswillalsohavetobereadytodealwithallkindsofmedicalemergencies.Commoncoldsandheadachesmaybeeasytodealwithmedication.Tohelpthemwithmoreseriousissues,likesevereskinburnsorbonefractures,scientistsfromtheDresdenUniversityofTechnology(TUD)havedevelopeda3Dbio-printercapableofproducinghumantissueinspace.3Dbio-printersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithonekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic,theydepositlayersofbiomaterial,madelargelyfromlivingcells,tobuildcomplexhumantissue.Sincetherawmaterialisnotreadilyavailable,researchersbeginbytakingafewcellsfromtherequiredorgan,suchaslungorskin,andcultivating(培育)theminthelaboratory.Onceenoughcellshavebeengenerated,theyareusedtocreate“bio-ink，”whichisloadedintotheprinter.This,asyoucanimagine,isnoeasytask,anddespitetryingformanyyears,scientistshavestillnotbeenabletoregeneratehumanorgansforwidespreaduse.Bio-printinginspacehasevenmorechallenges.Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbio-ink.TheTUDscientistsbelievethedifficultycanbeovercomebyusingcellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatestheriskoftransplantrejection，”saysNievesCuboMateo,abio-printingspecialistatTUD.TheTUDresearchers,whorevealedthefirstbio-printedboneandskinsamples,believethatoncedeveloped,thetechnologycouldhelpastronautstreatacuteinjuries.TommasoGhidini,headofESA'sStructures,MechanismsandMaterialsDivisionsays,“Carryingenoughmedicalsuppliesforallpossibilitieswouldbeimpossibleinthelimitedspaceandmassofaspacecraft.Instead,a3Dbio-printingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”5．Whatmakes3Dbio-printersdifferentfromtraditional3Dprinters?A．Theefficiencyofwork.B．Theprincipleofoperation.C．Theprogresstomakeobjects.D．Thematerialusedtomakeobjects.6．Whatisthebiggestobstacleofusingbio-printinginspace?A．Howtogetrawmaterial.B．Howtoreducetheriskofrejection.C．Howtodealwithmoreseriousissues.D．Howtotakecellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.7．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“eliminates”inparagraph4?A．Increases.B．Removes.C．Takes.D．Assesses.8．What'sTommasoGhidini'sattitudeto3Dbio-printer?A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.Ⅱ.七選五ThereisanEnglishsayingthatgoes,“Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.”HighSchoolMusicalstarZacEfronislaughingalotthesedays.__1__Becausehewasalwaysthesmallestinhisclassandwaslaughedatbecausehehadabigspacebetweenhisteeth.Insixthgrade,Efron'sbasketballteamwantedtowinthechampionship.Inovertime,withthreesecondsleft,hegrabbedtheballbutpassedittothewrongteam!__2____3__Nowat21,EfronisoneofPeopleMagazine's100MostBeautifulPeople,graces(榮登)thecoverofEntertainmentWeekly,Hollywood'smostinfluentialmagazine,andistravelingtheworldpromotingthethirdHighSchoolMusicalfilm.DirectorAdamShankmandescribedEfronas“arguablythebiggestteenstarinAmericarightnow”.Simplygoogle“ZacEfron”，andyougetmorethan14millionresponses.Yes,itseemsEfronhasalottosmileaboutthesedays.EfronwasbornandraisedinCalifornia.__4__AccordingtoEfron,“Hewouldflipout(發(fā)瘋)ifhegotaBandnotanAinschool,andhewasaclassclown.”Itwashisfatherwhoencouragedhimtoact.__5__Healsotooksinginglessons.Hegraduatedfromhighschoolin2006andwasacceptedattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniatostudyfilm.Butheputitoff—whynotstudymovieswhenyoucanstarinthem?Efronhasrisenallthewaytothetopofthemoviebusiness.Andhecannowlaughallthewaytothebank.A．Heowedhissuccessalottohisfather.B．Buthistory,astheysay,isathingofthepast.C．Hetookpartinschoolperformancesandactedinalocaltheater.D．Whenhewasyoung,Efronwasanunqualifiedbasketballplayer.E．Hetookschoolseriously.F．Theyscoredandhisteamlostthegame.G．Asayoungboy,Efronwaspickedonbyhisclassmates.課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者通過(guò)比爾·蓋茨和通用汽車(chē)公司總裁的幽默談話(huà)向我們講解并描述了“笑”的作用：促進(jìn)身體健康，增加反抗疾病的實(shí)力。1．答案與解析：D主旨大意題。綜觀全文可以看出，文章通過(guò)一個(gè)幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增進(jìn)我們的身體健康，增加反抗疾病的實(shí)力。2．答案與解析：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段的“Ifautomotivetechnologyhad...insteadofaV-8”用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故該句中的描述與事實(shí)不符。3．答案與解析：A詞義揣測(cè)題。該詞的意思應(yīng)和此句前面的“Jokes(笑話(huà))”以及后面的“comedians(喜劇演員)”接近，故選A。而“tragedies(悲劇)”“bodylanguage(身勢(shì)語(yǔ))”“fictions(小說(shuō))”均不在此列。4．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。由最終一段的后半部分尤其是“Inthisarticle,we'll...”可以看出，該文是一篇文章的引言，用來(lái)吸引讀者，介紹文章的內(nèi)容。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講解并描述了為了幫助宇航員在太空解決嚴(yán)峻的皮膚燒傷或骨折的問(wèn)題，來(lái)自德累斯頓理工高校(TUD)的科學(xué)家開(kāi)發(fā)了一種能夠在太空中產(chǎn)生人體組織的3D生物打印機(jī)。5．答案與解析：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“3Dbio-printersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithonekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic,...”可知，這款生物打印機(jī)與傳統(tǒng)的區(qū)分在于：打印的原材料不同。故選D項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbio-ink.”可知，在太空運(yùn)用生物打印機(jī)的最大困難是怎么找到打印原材料。故選A項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段中“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatestheriskoftransplantrejection.”可知，此處是說(shuō)用宇航員自己的生物材料也可以消退排異的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。8．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Instead,a3Dbio-printingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”可推知，TommasoGhidini對(duì)于3D生物打印機(jī)是很贊同的。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要闡述了諺語(yǔ)“Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.(笑到最終的人才笑得最好)”，并通過(guò)ZacEfron的故事進(jìn)行說(shuō)明?！靖哳l詞匯】1.promotev.促進(jìn)；推銷(xiāo)2.grad