陜西省漢中市漢臺區(qū)2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末考試 英語 含答案

2024屆高三第四次校際聯(lián)考英語試題注意事項：1．本試題共10頁，滿分150分，時間120分鐘。2．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名和準考證號填寫在答題卡上。3．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從試題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirapartments. B．Theirroommates. C．Theirsleepproblems.2．Whatis“couscous”?A．Anewhotel. B．Akindoffood. C．Acloserelative.3．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hewatchedthegame. B．Hemissedthegame. C．Hedislikedthegame.4．Howdoesthewoman’sfamilycelebrateChristmasnow?A．Bycookingatherparents’home.B．ByeatingoutatanItalianrestaurant.C．BygoingtotheChristmasTreeFestival.5．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hearrivedbefore3:00p.m.B．Hedidn’tmakeareservation.C．Hecan’tcheckinatthehotel.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatwasthewoman’sfirstjob?A．Asecretary. B．Amanager. C．Acleaner.7．HowlongdidthewomanworkatTeknikLtd?A．Forthreeyears. B．Forfouryears. C．Forsevenyears.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8．Whatmakesthemanchangehisappointment?A．Thetrafficduetothebadweather.B．Hisurgentproblematwork.C．Anunexpectedvisitor.9．WhenwillthemanmeetDr.Martin?A．OnWednesday. B．OnThursday. C．OnTuesday.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whodoesthemanthinkisthemostqualified?A．Amy. B．Cameron. C．Hector.11．WhatisthewomanunsatisfiedwithKarine?A．Herlanguageability. B．Herlittleenthusiasm. C．Herlackofconfidence.12．WhatdoweknowaboutHector?A．Heisthebestofthefour.B．Heexpectsthehighestsalary.C．Heisalwayspunctual.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatisthemandoingatfirst?A．LookingforanEnglishlanguagebook.B．SearchingforanEnglishmagazine.C．Practicingpronunciationofwords.14．Whatwillthemanmostprobablydo?A．Gotothephilosophysection.B．Keepthebookformorethantwomonths.C．Getthreebooksatthesametime.15．Howmuchwillthemanpay?A．$400. B．$190. C．$150.16．Howdoesthewomansound? B．Indifferent. C．Disappointed.A．Patient.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whendidthespeakerbuyhistickets?A．Threemonthsinadvance.B．Threeweeksinadvance.C．Fivetotendaysinadvance.18．Howmuchdoesaguidegenerallypayforaplaneticket?A．Halfoftheregularfare.B．Two-thirdsoftheregularfare.C．Onequarteroftheregularfare.19．Wherecanseniorandyouthpassesbeused? B．InIndia.A．InEurope. C．InJapan.20．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout? C．Howtotravelonaplane.A．Howtobuytraintickets. B．Howtotravelforless.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThanksForGiving4MilerThurs.January25,2024TheEventSignuptodayforthe2024ThanksForGiving4MilerandKidsDashthatwilltakeplacethismonthinNewAlbany!Comeoutandjoinusforafunkickoff!Asalways,100%ofournetproceedsgotohelpthoseinneed.Allarewelcome,includingcompetitiverunners,joggers,andwalkerswantingtoenjoytimewithfriendsandlovedones.RegistrationendsonJanuary24,2024.TheFeeThereisnoofficialracefee.Youcangiveasmuchoraslittleasyouwant.However,a$40minimumdonationisrequiredtogetoursoftT-shirt.OurgoalistofeedasmanyfamiliesinCentralOhioaswecan.Youcanhelpbyrunningourrace,spreadingtheword,ormakingadonation.Youmaybringanydonationyouwant,fromacanofsouptocash.Let’smakeadifference.EventDayTimeline6:30am:Racedaycheck-inbegins.8:00am:Openingceremonybegins!8:15am:KidsDashbegins!8:30am:TheThanksForGiving4Milerkicksoff!AwardsThetopthreeoverallmaleandfemalefinisherswillreceiveagiftcertificate.Thetopthreemaleandfemalefinishersineachofthefollowingagegroupswillreceiveapumpkinpie:14andunder,15-19,20-24,25-29,30-34,35-39,40-44,45-49,50-54,55-59,60-64,65-69,70andabove.Everyparticipantofthekidsracereceivesafinisher’smedal!SafetyForsafety,pleasenobicycles,skateboards,inlineskates,orparticipationwithpets.21．WhatisThanksForGiving4MilerandKidsDash?A．Amarathonrace. B．Afamilyget-together. C．Akid-targetedactivity. D．Acharityevent.22．Whatwillamanrankingsecondinhisagegroupbesuretowin?A．AsoftT-shirt. B．Apumpkinpie. C．Agiftcertificate. D．Afinisher’smedal.23．Whatisrequiredforparticipation?A．Bringingadonation. B．Reachingacertainage.C．Registeringinadvance. D．Wearingsafetyequipment.B“Inthefuture,everybodywillbefamousfor15minutes,”saidUSartistAndyWarhol（1928—1987）.Andheisquiteright.Nowitseemsthatanybodycanbecomeaninstantonlinecelebrity.WarholisbestnotedforhispaintingsthatrepresentcelebrityfacesandUSconsumergoods,likeCoca-ColabottlesorCampbel’ssoupcans.Asagreatinfluenceonthetwentiethcenturypopartmovement,AndyWarholrosetobecomeacornerstoneinthecontemporaryartworld,devotedtobringinghisviewsonmaterialism,politiesandeconomicstotheart.Actually,thevisualworldWarholcreatedisdirectlyconnectedtohisbackground.Inthemid-1950s,theworkingclassgatheredagreatdealoffortune.Theywantedtoachieveahigherstatusinsociety.“TheconsumergoodsandHollywoodfacesareaworking-class-codediconography（肖像）thatisoftenmisinterpretedasgenerally‘American’.”AnthonyE.Grudin,authorofWarhol’sWorkingClasscommented.ReproducingthesethemesinhisworkmeantthatpeopleoutsideoftheartworldcouldimmediatelyconnectwithWarhol’spictures.Considered“acreatureoftransformation”,Warholconstantlyexploredwithdifferentformsofmediatoevokeresonanceamongpeople.Forexample,inadditiontobeingapainter,Warholwas,inthewordsofUKwriterPeterWollen:“Afilmmaker,awriter,aphotographer,aTVsoapoperaproducer.”Warhol,inshort,waswhatwemightcalla‘Renaissance（文藝復興）man’,eventhoughhewasaleaderinpoporperhapspost-modernart.”Inhislateryears,hefoundedInterviewMagazineandwroteseveralbooks,includingThePhilosophyofAndyWarhol.ButUKartistGillianWearingsaid,“Warhollefthismarkinmanymorewaysthanhisactualwork.”Warhol’sworksareallabout“America,money,fameanddeath”,UKwriterJonSavageremarked.“Hesummerup,definedandinmanywayssymbolizedtheworldinwhichwenowlive.”24．What’sAndyWarhol’spurposeofcreatinghispaintings?A．TohighlightRenaissancestyle. B．Tocombineartwithmaterialism.C．Toattainfameandhigherstatus. D．Tochallengetraditionalartforms.25．WhatdoAndyWarhol’spaintingsfocuson?A．Populardrinks. B．Averagepeople.C．Commercialproducts. D．Livingscenesofworkingclass.26．WhatkindofpersonisAndyWarholaccordingtothetext?A．Constructiveandmulti-talented. B．Conservativeandrealistic.C．Optimisticandencouraging. D．Creativeandcritical.27．Inwhichcolumnofthenewspapercanwereadthepassage?A．Health. B．Sports. C．Science. D．People.CPeople,especiallyadults,haveeveryreasontobeconcernedabouttheimpactaddictivescreensmakeonsocialskillsamongyoungsters.Recently,researcherscomparedteachers’andparents’evaluationofchildrenwhostartedkindergartenin1998—sixyearsbeforeFacebookwaslaunched—withthatofthosewhobeganschoolin2010,whenthefirstiPadwasreleased.TheideaforthestudywasinspiredseveralyearsagowhenDowney,leadauthorofthestudy,hadanargumentatapizzarestaurantwithhisson,Nick,aboutwhethersocialskillshadbeensufferingamongthenewgenerationofyoungsters.“NickaskedmehowIknewthat.AndthatwaswhenIrealizedtherereallywasn’tanysolidevidence,”Downeysaid.SoDowney,withhiscolleagues,decidedtoinvestigate.Fortheirstudy,theyuseddatafromtheBarlyChildhoodLongitudinalStudy（ECLS）,whichisrunbytheNationalCenterforEducationalStatistics.TheECLSfollowedchildrenfromkindergartentofifthgrade.Theresearcherscompareddataonthechildrenwhobegankindergartenin1998（19,150students）withthatonthosebeginningkindergartenin2010（13,400students）.Resultsshowedthatchildren’ssocialskillsdidnotdeclinebetweenthe1998and2010groups.Andsimilarpatternsremainedasthechildrenprogressedtofifthgrade.Evenchildrenwithinthetwogroupswhohadtheheaviestexposuretoscreensshowedsimilardevelopmentinsocialskillscomparedtothoselittlescreenexposure.WhileDowneywasinitiallysurprisedtoseethattimespentonscreensdidn’taffectsocialskills,hereallyshouldn’thavebeen.“Thereisatendencyforeverygenerationatmyagetostarttohaveconcernsabouttheyoungergeneration.Itisanoldstory,”hesaid.Theseworriesofteninvolve“moralpanic”overnewtechnology.Adultsareconcernedwhentechnologicalchangestartstoerodetraditionalrelationships,particularlytheparent-childrelationship.Newgenerationsarelearningthathavinggoodsocialrelationshipsmeansbeingabletocommunicatesuccessfullybothfacetofaceandonline.“Youhavetoknowhowtocommunicatebyemail,onFacebookandTwitter,aswellasfacetoface.Wejustlookedatface-to-facesocialskillsinthisstudy,butfuturestudiesshouldlookatdigitalsocialskillsaswell.”Downeysaid.28．WhatdroveDowneytoconductthestudy?A．Toarguehisfrienddown. B．Tobuildkids’socialskills.C．Toliberatekidsfromaddictivedevices. D．Toseekdefiniteproofforhisviewpoint.29．HowmuchdoweknowaboutDowney’sfindings?A．Theyconfirmedhispreviousbelief.B．Theyshowedtheimpactofsocialmedia.C．Theytotallydisagreedwithhisassumption.D．Theygothimmoreworriedaboutyoungergenerations’socialskills.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“erode”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Enhance. B．Damage. C．Boost. D．Prohibit.31．WhichofthefollowingmayDowneyagreewith?A．Asfornewgenerations’socialskills,it’snecessarytoreadjustassessments.B．It’surgenttominimizetheuseofdigitaldevicesamongyoungpeople.C．Face-to-faceexchangesmaygivewaytoonlinecommunicationsomeday.D．Unliketheold,youngstersarebetteratcommunicatingintheDigitalAge.DManyofusaredisgustedbyspiders’furrylegs,orevenafraidofthem.Wedon’tliketotouchthemorgonearthem.Buttheyaremorecomplicatedthanwecanevenimagine.Spiders’legsseemtohavemindsoftheirown.Accordingtoanewstudy,eachlegofaspiderfunctionsasasemi-independent“computer”,withsensorsreadingtheimmediateenvironmentandcausingmovementsaccordingly.Thishelpsspidersquicklybuildperfectwebs.Theresearchersimitatedsurprisinglysimplerulestogovernthiscomplexbehavior,whichcouldeventuallybeappliedtorobotics.Thestudyinvolves“morphologicalcomputation（形態(tài)計算）”,theideaofafunctioncontrolledbyabodypartinsteadofrelyingonthebrainforinstructions.Examplesincludethehumankneejerkreflex（膝跳反射）andtheactofwalking.“Basicallythere’sashortcut,andthebraindoesn’tevenknowwhat’shappeningdownthere,”saysOxfordbiologistFritzVollrath,theleadauthorofthepaper.Roboticistsalsoshowinterestinmorphologicalcomputation:Itsavescomputingpowerandtime.Butfewstudieshavedeeplylookedatthephenomenoninnature.Spiders,Vollrathsays,areidealforanexperimenttobridgethisgap—notonlybecauseitiseasytospotdesignchangesintheirwebsbutalsobecausespidersreproducebroken-offlegs.Vollrathandhisco-author.ThiemoKrink,acomputerscientist,filmedanddigitizedthemovementsofseveralcrossspiders,eachwithpartiallyreproduced,half-lengthlegsatcertainpositions.Thesespidersbuiltwebsasquicklyandperfectlyasthosewitheightfull-lengthlegs.Ifthebrainwerecomputinghowtocompensateforshorterlegs,theresearcherssay,theywouldhaveseentinybutmeasurabledelaysinoperation.Insteadthestudyhintsaspider’slegreceivesbasicbraincommandsbutadjustsitsmovementsbasedonlocalinputfromsensors,whichincludehairsandslitsinthebodycovering.Theresearcherstestedtherulesbyprogrammingasimulatedvirtualspider,andVollrathsaysthenextstepistobuildaphysicalspiderrobot.“Ifindthisworkextremelyinteresting,tellingusmoreaboutspidersandalsoaboutmorphologicalcomputation,”saysCeciliaLaschi,abio-roboticist,nowattheNationalUniversityofSingapore,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.“Youneverknowwhatamazinginnovationsbasicsciencelikethiscouldbring.”32．Whydoestheauthormentionspidersattheverybeginning?A．Tointroducemorphologicalcomputation.B．Tostresstheuniquefeaturesoftheirwebs.C．Todrawattentiontotheirpotentialapplicationsinmedicine.D．Topresentthecommonfunctionsthatspidersandhumansshare.33．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph3?A．Tohighlightthespecialtiesofspidersinthewild.B．Toexplainthebenefitsofmorphologicalcomputation.C．Toillustratetheprincipleofmorphologicalcomputation.D．Toshowthecauseofselectingspidersfortheresearchsubjects.34．Whatinferencescanbedrawnfromobservingthecrossspiders?A．Thespidersdidn’tneedhalf-lengthlegstomakebetterwebs.B．Thespiders’brainshasarelativelysmallroletoplayintheirwebdesigning.C．Thespiders’brainsdidn’tknowwhatlegsweredoingdownthere.D．Thespiderswithbroken-offlegswereseenobviousdelaysinaction.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．StudyShowsSpidersCouldMakeWebswithHalfLegsB．ResearchersAreTryingtoMakeSemi-independent“Computer”C．MorphologicalComputationDrawstheAttentionofResearchersD．ResearchersStudytheSecrettoSpiders’AbilitytoStick第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whilesweatservesasthebuilt-inairconditioner,sweatingitoutcanhavemanyothersurprisinghealthbenefits.36.Iteasespain.37?Areyousorefromyesterday’sworkout?Thenthebestwaytorelieveyourpainistoworkupasweat.Itmightbeverytemptingtoskipthisstepsincepainwillmakeyouwanttositstill.Butactuallyincreasingyourheartrateandworkingupasweatisoneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyourpainwhilesittingaroundwilljustmakeyouevenmorestiffandsore.Itgetsridoftoxins（毒素）.Ourbodiesaresubjecttoalotoftoxinsthroughoutoureverydaylives.38,andarecreatednaturallyinthebody.Sweatingisagreatwaytoexpel（排出）thosetoxinsfromthebody,whichservestobetteryourimmunesystem.Itcanalsohelpgetridofsubstanceslikealcoholandsalt.39.Alongwiththesenseofaccomplishmentfromworkingout,workingupasweatreleasesendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）,whichmakeyouhappy.Sweatinghelpsrelievestressandpromoterelaxation.Nexttimeyou’refeelingstressedoutorneedabreaktoclearyourmind,thinkabouthittingupahotyogaclassortakingafewminutesforyourselfinthesaunatoeaseyourmind.Ithelpsyouavoidkidneystones.Oneofthelesser-knownbenefitsofsweatingisthatitlowerstheriskofgettingkidneystones.Researchhasshownthatsweatinghelpsyougetridofsaltandkeepcalciuminyourbones.40.Themorefrequentlyyoufindyourselfsweating,thebetter.A．ItmakesyouhappierB．DidyouwakeupwithbackpainC．WheredoesthetoxincomefromD．HerearesometopbenefitsofsweatinginsummerE．SweatingalsohelpspreventpollutantsfromenteringthebodyF．ThishelpskeepthoseelementsfromyourkidneyswheresmallstoneswillformG．Theycomefromthepollutionintheair,ourfood第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Becauseofhisseverelungdisease,MichaelSurrellwouldbethelastpersontogetintoanyemergency,letalonea（n）41building.Butthatwasnotthecasewiththe42happeningoneday.Atfirst,hedidn’tnoticeblacksmoke43outofhisneighbor’swindows,untilhisdaughterphonedtosay“Thehousenextdoorisonfire!”He44outandfoundthewomaninawheelchaircrying45ontheporch,“Thebabygirl’sonthesecondfloor!”Atthat,heimmediatelydivedintotheburning46.Thickandstifling（令人窒息的）smokejust47hiseyes.Yetthankstothefamiliarlayout,hemanagedtofindthedarkstaircaseand48hiswaytothesecondfloor.Momentslater,histhroatandlungs49asifhe’dbreathedfire.Thenheheardababy’s50andbrokencries.Unabletosee,Surrell51,andcrawledtowardthesound,feelingaroundforTiara.Heknewhecouldn’tholdhis52fortoolongbeforepassingout.Allofasudden,hisfingersclosedarounda53wrist.Wildwithexcitement,he54itcloser,scoopedupthebaby,struggledhiswaydownstairsthroughthesmokeandputTiara,whowasalready55,downgentlyontheporch.ThenhestartedCPR.Afterseveral56,sheopenedhereyesandmethis.Surrellhuggedher57,saying,“Uncle’sgotyou.”Suddenlyhiskneeswentweak.Thenhecollapsedontothefloor,58.Thenextthingheknew,he59himselflyinginbedinahospital.His60significantlyworsenedbuthejoked“That’sasmallpricetopay”.41．A．smoky B．new C．modern D．old42．A．flame B．incident C．theme D．circumstance43．A．taking B．emerging C．pouring D．jumping44．A．watched B．put C．turned D．rushed45．A．desperately B．deliberately C．impatiently D．calmly46．A．school B．house C．restaurant D．store47．A．caught B．cured C．treated D．stung48．A．touched B．missed C．felt D．grabbed49．A．stuck B．closed C．burned D．frozen50．A．low B．high C．strong D．powerful51．A．brokeout B．fellover C．kneltdown D．lookedforward52．A．breath B．case C．lung D．patience53．A．man’s B．woman’s C．baby’s D．boy’s54．A．slid B．dragged C．held D．hit55．A．faint B．a(chǎn)nxious C．scared D．a(chǎn)sleep56．A．experiments B．a(chǎn)rrests C．rubs D．tries57．A．sadly B．tightly C．weakly D．a(chǎn)ngrily58．A．unreliable B．unfriendly C．unconscious D．unhappy59．A．woke B．kept C．witnessed D．found60．A．education B．condition C．emergency D．psychology第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnOctober18,worldleaderscametogetherinBeijingforaneye-catchingforumtocelebratethe61．（ten）anniversaryoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.Theforumwasconsidered62．（extreme）importantinbuildingtheBeltandRoad.ChinesePresidentXiJinpinggaveaspeechattheopening.Hesaidthatoverthepast10years,plansofBeltandRoadcooperation63．（turn）intorealprojects.Healso64．（say）thatChinawouldtakeeightmajorstepstosupporthigh-qualityBeltandRoadcooperation,includinggreendevelopmentandtheadvanceofscienceandtechnology.Sofar,theBeltandRoadInitiativehasbecometheworld’s65．（large）platformforinternationalcooperation.ByJune2023,Chinahadworkedtogetherwith152countriesand32internationalorganisations66．（build）theBeltandRoad.Over3,000cooperationprojectshavebeenstartedinthepast10years,oneof67．istheChina-LaosRailway.ItwasputintouseinDecember2021,68．（help）LaosbecomeacountrywitheasytransportinSoutheastAsia.“BeltandRoadcooperationwassuggested69．China,butitsfruitsarefortheworldtoshare,”PresidentXiJinpingsaid.ThereisnodoubtthattheBeltandRoadInitiativewillcontinuetomake70．greatdifferencetotheworldinthefuture.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Manyseniorhighschoolstudentshavechildren’sbookthattheynolongerneed.Therefore,myschoolorganizeabookdrive,withthepurposeofdonatebookstodisadvantagedfamilieswithyoungchildrenlastweekend.Theactivitylastedforaweekandstudentsinmineschoolwereencouragedcollectgentlyusedchildren’sbooksfromfamilymembers,friendsandneighbors.I,alongwithothervolunteers,wereresponsibleforcheckingthedonatedbooksandpackingthem.Inordertoperformthetaskwell,Ihadlearnedwhattopackthingsfrommyfatherintheadvance.ThoughIwastiringattheendoftheweek,IwashappythatIgotinvolvedindoingsomethingthatisbenefittothecommunity.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）假定你是李華，剛剛參加了第19屆杭州亞運會的志愿者工作。你的新加坡好友David想申請下一屆亞運會志愿者，寫信向你詢問相關情況，請你用英語給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1．個人感悟：2．如何準備；3．表達祝愿。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)100左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearDavid,_________________________________________________________________