【公開(kāi)課】代詞復(fù)習(xí)課件中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)（人教版）

專題4代詞01語(yǔ)法思維導(dǎo)圖02專題考點(diǎn)梳理01語(yǔ)法思維導(dǎo)圖02專題考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)1人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞考向溯源1．在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(1)[2024揚(yáng)州改編]Someof____(we)arebetterathelpingothersthan____(we)areatlookingafterourselves.(2)[2024達(dá)州改編]Thereissomethingwrongwith______(I)computer.CouldIuse__________(you)?(3)[2024武威]Thecatlayonthesofa,washing__________(it)．weusmyyoursitself(4)[2024龍東改編]Hefound____veryinterestingtovisitHarbininwinter.(5)[2022常德]Itisnotonlyoneofthemostfamousplaces,butalsooneof______(it)greatestmysteries.itits考點(diǎn)歸納一、人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞的人稱與類別詞

格與

數(shù)

詞性人稱人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱

單數(shù)I①_____②______③________④____________復(fù)數(shù)we⑤____⑥______⑦_(dá)_______⑧______________memyminemyselfusouroursourselvesyours第二人稱單數(shù)you⑨______⑩________?_________?______________復(fù)數(shù)you?______?________?_________?______________第三人稱單數(shù)he?______?________?______?______________she?_____?______?________?______________it?____?______?______?____________復(fù)數(shù)they?_______?_________?_________?______________youyouryourselfyoursyouyouryourselveshishimhishimselfhersherherherselfitsititsitselftheirsthemtheirthemselves二、人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞的基本用法人稱代詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面用主格，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞之后用賓格；當(dāng)各人稱并列時(shí)，它們的排列順序如下：?jiǎn)螖?shù)you,he/sheandI；復(fù)數(shù)we,youandthey；男女兩性并列時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋篽e＋she；若是承擔(dān)責(zé)任，通常把第一人稱放在第一位我們昨天去看他們了。Wewenttosee①________yesterday.物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語(yǔ)，后接名詞；名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，其后不能接名詞這是我的包。你的包呢？Thisis②_______bag.Whereis③__________？themmyyours反身代詞反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)(不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ))，表示和主語(yǔ)是同一(或一些)人或事物；反身代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的作用。常見(jiàn)搭配：玩得開(kāi)心enjoyoneself隨便用/吃……h(huán)elponeselfto…我可以自己完成。Icanfinishitby④____________．myself【巧學(xué)妙記】人稱代詞和物主代詞(1)動(dòng)詞前，用主格；動(dòng)介后，用賓格；(2)有名(名詞)則形(形容詞性物主代詞)，無(wú)名(名詞)則名(名詞性物主代詞)?？键c(diǎn)2不定代詞考向溯源2．用方框中所給的不定代詞填空。either,both,others,nobody,another,any(1)[2023武漢改編]—TherearemanycelebrationsinthecomingDragonBoatFestival.—Soundsveryinteresting.Idon'twanttomiss______．(2)Chemistryisasinterestingasphysics.________ofthemhelpstudentsexplorethescienceworld.anyBoth(3)____________isbetterworthmyrespectthanYuanLongping.HeistheprideofChina.(4)—Wherewouldyouliketogotomorrow,HuangguoshuWaterfallorDragonPalace?—____________isOKforme.It'suptoyou.(5)—CanIcomeandseeyouthisFriday?—Sorry,I'mreallybusythesedays.Let'smakeit______________time.(6)AttheSpringFestival,someChinesepeopleenjoyeatingathome,while____________likeeatingintherestaurants.NobodyEitheranotherothers考點(diǎn)歸納一、不定代詞的定義不定代詞代替或修飾不特指的人或事物。大多數(shù)不定代詞既可作代詞，又可作形容詞。個(gè)體不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞some,any(A)few，(A)littlenonesomebodyanybody①__________everybodymany,mucheither,neitheronesomeone②__________noone③____________each,everyboth,allother④_____________anythingnothingeverythingnobodyanyoneeveryonesomething二、復(fù)合不定代詞的用法(1)當(dāng)形容詞或else(其他的)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)放在復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：Ajokeissomethingfunnyyousaytomakepeoplelaugh.笑話是你說(shuō)的能讓人發(fā)笑的有趣的事。(2)復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：Ifanythinghappenstohim,letthedoctorknowatonce.如果他出了什么事，立刻告知醫(yī)生。三、幾組不定代詞的區(qū)別(1)all,both,either,neither,none與nooneall指三者或三者以上都Asthefirstcitytohost①________theSummerandWinterOlympics,Beijingprovided②______thecompetitorswithexcellentservice.both兩者都，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)bothalleither兩者之一，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。常用either…or…Herearetwodresses.Youcanchooseonedress.③____________ofthemisOK.ButIthink④______________ofthemisinfashion.neither兩者都不，常與nor連用。連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”none既可指人也可指物，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可，可與of連用。常用來(lái)回答howmany/much的提問(wèn)Nooneworksouttheproblemsbecause⑤________ofthemis/areeasy.noone只能指人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，相當(dāng)于nobody。常用來(lái)回答who的提問(wèn)Eitherneithernone(2)some與anysome一般用于肯定句，或在一些表示建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中，希望對(duì)方作出肯定回答時(shí)使用Therearen't①______desksintheclassroom,butthereare②________chairsinit.IfIcanhelpin③______way,letmeknow.any一般用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件句中，或在肯定句中表示“任何一個(gè)”，后跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞anysomeany(3)afew與few,alittle與littlefew幾乎沒(méi)有，側(cè)重“否定”的含義，修飾可數(shù)名詞冰箱里有一點(diǎn)牛肉，但西紅柿很少。Thereis①________________beefbut②______tomatoesinthefridge.幾年來(lái)，我對(duì)他的信息知之甚少。Ihad③____________informationabouthimfor④__________years.afew有一些，側(cè)重“肯定”的含義，修飾可數(shù)名詞little幾乎沒(méi)有，側(cè)重“否定”的含義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞alittle有一點(diǎn)，側(cè)重“肯定”的含義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞alittlefewlittleafew(4)each與everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，指兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，可與of連用Eachofus①______(have)anapple.＝Weeachhaveanapple.every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，指三者或三者以上中的每一個(gè)，不單獨(dú)使用，不可與of連用Everystudentishere.has(5)other(s),theother(s)與anotheranother指三者或三者以上中的“另一個(gè)”，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(有時(shí)該名詞可省略)Canyoushowmeanother(pen)？Idon'tlikethisone.I'vegotanotherfourquestionstoanswer.another＋數(shù)詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“還有……”other指“其他的；別的”，后可接名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)Youshouldconsider①__________peoplebeforeyouact.othertheother指兩者中的“另一個(gè)”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為one…theother…Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,andtheotherisblue.Thereare60studentsinmyclass.30aregirls,and②__________________studentsareboys.特指“其他的；別的”，后可接名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，一般有范圍(如有具體數(shù)字時(shí))theotherothersothers＝other＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)：泛指“其他的；別的(人或物)”，后不能接名詞Icanlendyoumybike,butyoucan'tlendittoothers.theotherstheothers＝theother＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)：特指“其他的；別的(人或物)”，后不能接名詞，一般有范圍(如有具體數(shù)字時(shí))Hehasfivechildren.Twoofthemaremiddleschoolstudents.③____________________areprimaryschoolstudents.Theothers考點(diǎn)3指示代詞考向溯源3．在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(1)—Who'sthatspeaking?—Hello，________isBettyspeaking.(2)[2023通遼改編]Mr.Wangmakes____possibleforustolearnphysicseasilyandinaninterestingwayinhisclass.thisit(3)________(these)ismyfamilyphotoand__________(this)aremygrandparents.(4)—Whoare__________(that)twoboysoverthere?—They'remyfriends,RickandTony.(5)TheweatherinChinaisdifferentfrom________intheUK.Thisthesethosethat考點(diǎn)歸納一、this,that,these和those的用法單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法示例thisthese指①________的人或物；指下文要提到的事ThisismysisterLinda.thatthose指②________的人或物；指前面剛剛提過(guò)的事；為了避免重復(fù)，常用來(lái)代替前文提到的名詞Thiscameraismuchcheaperthanthatontheshelf.近處遠(yuǎn)處【注意】打電話時(shí)用this介紹自己，用that詢問(wèn)對(duì)方。如：ThisisLilyspeaking.Who'sthat?二、it,one和that作代詞的區(qū)別it特指上文提到的①________事物(復(fù)數(shù)用they)—Ican'tfindmyhat.Haveyouseen③____？(指的就是上句話提到的hat，兩者是同一物)—No,Ithinkyou'dbetterbuyanew④______．(指的是hat的同類物)one泛指上文提到的②________事物，但非同一個(gè)(復(fù)數(shù)用ones)that特指上文提到的同類事物，但非同一個(gè)，可指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞(指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用those/theones)TheweatherinHarbiniscolderthan⑤________inGuangzhou.TheonlyjokesItellare⑥__________thatIhearfromyou.同一個(gè)同類itonethatthose【拓展】it的特殊用法(1)it作形式主語(yǔ)：代替由不定式或從句等所表示的真正的主語(yǔ)。常用于下列句型中：①It's＋adj.(＋forsb.)＋todosth.做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))是……的；②It's＋adj.＋ofsb.＋todosth.某人做某事真是太……；③It's＋adj.＋that從句；④Ittakes/took(sb.)＋一段時(shí)間＋todosth.做某事花費(fèi)(某人)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。(2)it作形式賓語(yǔ)：代替由不定式或從句等所表示的真正的賓語(yǔ)，常用在動(dòng)詞find,think,make,consider,feel等動(dòng)詞后。如：IthinkitnecessarytolearnEnglishwell.我認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是必要的。(3)其他it句型：①It'stimetodosth.是做某事的時(shí)間了；②It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了；③Itseemsthat…好像……?？键c(diǎn)4疑問(wèn)代詞考向溯源4．用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)代詞填空。(1)—________________didyougoswimmingwith?—Myfather.(2)[2024無(wú)錫改編]______isthegirlwearingascarf?Issheyoursister?(3)[2024廣西改編]—Henry,________isyourjob?—I'mapoliceman.Who/WhomWhowhat(4)[2024菏澤改編]__________phonenumbershouldyoucallifyouseemypetdog?(5)[2023丹東改編]—__________isthisbasketball?—Perhapsit'sourEnglishteacher's.Helikessports.WhichWhose考點(diǎn)歸納疑問(wèn)代詞what“什么”，對(duì)具體內(nèi)容提問(wèn)，可以用于詢問(wèn)職業(yè)、外貌等Whatdoyoulike?Whatisyourfather？which“哪一個(gè)/哪一些”，對(duì)特定范圍內(nèi)的人或物提問(wèn)Whichisbetter,thisoneorthatone？who“誰(shuí)”，對(duì)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的人提問(wèn)，但不能放在介詞后Whoisthemanoverthere？whom“誰(shuí)”，對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，可以放在介詞后Whomdidyouwritetolastnight?Towhomdidyouwritelastnight？whose“誰(shuí)的”，對(duì)所屬關(guān)系提問(wèn)，可以單獨(dú)使用，也可以放在名詞前Whoseisthisbook?Whosebookisthis？【拓展】what/which后可跟名詞，對(duì)姓名、顏色、時(shí)間等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如：①Whatcolordoyoulike?②Whichseasonisyourfavorite?語(yǔ)法綜合訓(xùn)練閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TodayistheDragonBoatFestival,oneofthemostimportantfestivalsinChina.ChinesepeoplerememberQuYuanbyrowingdragonboatsandmakingzongzionthisday.1.______isQuYuan?Heisagreatpoetandheloveshiscountrysomuch.Buthekilled2.______________(he)inMiluoRiveronMay5th.Pe