人教版高考英語一輪復(fù)習講義必修一　Unit3TravelJournal

第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識必修一Unit3TravelJournal1.了解旅游常識，懂得如何為旅行做計劃準備，包括確定旅游時間、地點、路線、交通工具、費用，以及其他物質(zhì)方面的準備。2.學習并掌握本單元所學詞匯和短語，學會根據(jù)旅游、地理等主題將詞匯進行分類記憶，以便逐步擴大詞匯量。Whatkindoftransportationdoyoupreferforyourjourney?Iamfondofcycling.Youmaythinkofthedisadvantagesandshortingsofbikes.ButIamdeterminedtocycleasusual.IhopeIcanpersuadeyoutoplanyourscheduleforabiketripandorganizeitproperly.Youneedn'twasteanybikefares.Don'tbestubborn.Don'tcareabouttheslowpace.Don'tchangeyourmind.Don'tgivein.Justbebentonyourjourney.Makeupyourmindtofindagoodviewatanyaltitudewithanactiveattitude.Eversincegraduating/graduation,Ihaveseenthewaterflowbythetemple/cave.Ihaveseentheflamesofthefireinthevalleysbeneaththestars.Followme!Watchtheweatherforecast!Pickupyourparcel!Takeyourreliablefriends.Let'sgocycling!Finally,remembertobuyinsuranceforyourselfandtellusyourexperienceinyourjournalindetails.1.eversince從那以后2.persuadevt.說服；勸說3.schedulen．時間表；進度表vt.為某事安排時間4.befondof喜愛；喜歡5.careabout關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念6.changeone'smind改變主意7.givein投降；屈服；讓步8.attituden．態(tài)度；看法9.viewn．風景；視野；觀點；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮1.但是像往常一樣我決心已定。ButIamdeterminedtocycleasusual.2.全身心地投入到你的旅行中來吧！Justbebentonyourjourney！ ★prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)★journaln．日記；雜志；定期刊物★transportn．運送；運輸vt.運輸；運送★flowvi.流動；流出n．流動；流量★cyclevi.騎自行車★graduatevi.畢業(yè)n．大學畢業(yè)生★finallyadv.最后；終于★shortingn．缺點★stubbornadj.頑固的；固執(zhí)的★organizevt.組織；成立★determinevt.決定；確定；下定決心★journeyn．旅行；旅程★pacevi.緩慢而行；踱步n.一步；速度；步調(diào)★bendn．彎；拐角vt.(bent,bent)使彎曲★boilvi.(指液體)沸騰；(水)開★forecastn．&vt.預(yù)測；預(yù)報★parceln．小包；包裹★pillown．枕頭；枕墊★midnightn．午夜；子夜★flamen．火焰；光芒；熱情★beneathprep.在……下面★templen．廟宇；寺廟★caven．洞穴；地窖★disadvantagen．不利條件；不便之處★determinedadj.堅決的；有決心的★insurancen．保險★reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的一、重點單詞需牢記1.prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)prefersth.喜歡某事/物preferdoingsth.更喜歡做某事prefer＋todosth.(表示特定場合下)更喜歡做某事prefersb.todosth.寧愿某人做某事preferAtoB/preferdoingAtodoingB寧愿……而不愿……prefertodoAratherthandoB寧愿做A而不愿做Bprefer＋that－clause(虛擬語氣)＋(should)＋do喜歡做某事Ofthetwocoats,Ipreferthatblueone.兩件外套中，我更喜歡藍色的那件。IpreferKatetogoonvacationwithusnextSunday.我寧愿凱特下周日跟我們?nèi)ザ燃?。Ipreferspeakingthetruthtolying.我寧愿講實話而不愿說謊。Wouldyoupreferthatweputoffourmeetingtillnextweek?你是否更愿意把我們的會議推遲到下一周？preferencen．偏愛，優(yōu)先選擇bypreference首先，最好inpreferenceto優(yōu)先于……h(huán)aveapreferencefor偏愛……2.disadvantagen．不利條件；不便之處(put/keepsb.)atadisadvantage(使某人)處于不利toone'sdisadvantage＝tothedisadvantageofsb.對某人不利，使某人吃驚Snowisnotalwaysadisadvantagetoamountaingoat.雪并不一定會對山羊不利。Heknowshowtoturnadisadvantageintoanadvantage.他懂得如何變弊為利。takeadvantageof利用toone'sadvantage對某人有利have/gain/get/winanadvantageover勝過，優(yōu)于Wetookadvantageofthefineweatherandspentthedayatthebeach.趁著天氣好，我們到海灘過了一天。Youhavetheadvantageofmeinexperience.在經(jīng)驗方面，你勝過我。3.persuadevt.說服；勸說persuadesb.todosth.＝persuadesb.intodoingsth.說服了某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outofdoingsth.說服了某人不要做某事trytopersuadesb.todosth.＝advisesb.todosth.盡力說服某人做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人信服某事persuadesb.that從句使某人信服……IwasunabletopersuadehimtodowhatIsaid.我沒能說服他按我所說的去做。Wepersuadedhimoutofhisfoolishidea.我們勸他停止他的愚蠢的想法。Shewasnotpersuadedofthetruthofmystatement.她不相信我的話是真的。talk/reasonsb.into/outofdoingsth.＝sb.into/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事tricksb.into/outofdoingsth.誘使某人做/不做某事urgesb.into/outofdoingsth.慫恿某人做/不做某事4.schedulen．時間表；進度表vt.為某事安排時間aheadofschedule提前behindschedule比規(guī)定時間晚accordingto/onschedule按時間表，及時，準時bescheduledforsth.按照安排做某事bescheduledtodosth.按照安排做某事Wefinishedtheprojectaheadofschedule.我們提前完成了這項工程。Ihaveacplishedthetaskonschedule.我按時完成了任務(wù)。Thedelegationisscheduledtoarrivetomorrow.代表團定于明日到達。scheduledadj.預(yù)定的schedulingn．行程安排；時序安排5.determinevt.決定；確定；下定決心determine＋todo...決心，決意(要……)determinesb.todo使……決定……determine＋that/wh－clause決心……determine＋n．決定……bedeterminedtodosth.決心干某事WearedeterminedtogettheworkdonebeforeMay1.我們下定決心要在五一節(jié)前完成這項任務(wù)。Whatdeterminedyoutomarryhim?是什么使你下決心要嫁給他的？determinedadj.堅決的；有決心的determinationn．決心decide,determine與makeupone'sminddecide指經(jīng)過考慮或商量，在幾種可能中做出決定。determine為書面語，指已下定決心，把某件事確定下來。makeupone'smind語氣更強，指已打定主意，毫不動搖。6.bendn．彎；拐角vt.(bent,bent)使彎曲vi.彎身；彎腰benddown/over/forward/backward俯身/彎腰/前傾/后仰bendoneselfto專心于，致力于bendone'smindtosth.專心于某事物bebentonsth./doingsth.專心于(做)某事Thereisasharpbendintheroadhere.這段路上有一處急轉(zhuǎn)彎。Canyoubenddownandtouchyourtoeswithoutbendingyourknees?你能彎下腰、不屈膝摸著你的腳趾嗎？Theboysbenttheirattentiononmakingmodelships.男孩們聚精會神地制作船舶模型。7.attituden．態(tài)度；看法attitude常與介詞to或者towards搭配Hehasapositiveattitudetowardslife.他對生活持有積極的態(tài)度。thekeytosuccess/thebike成功/自行車的鑰匙theanswertothequestion問題的答案theexit/entrancetothecinema電影院出口/入口thesolutiontotheproblem解決方案8.viewn．風景；視野；觀點；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮abird's－eyeview鳥瞰；[喻]概要onalongview從長遠看gooutofview在視野內(nèi)消失掉atfirstview初看，一見(就)belosttoview看不見了There'safineviewofthelakefromourhotelwindow.從我們旅館的窗口可以看到湖的美麗風光。Theviewiscutoffbythenextbuilding.旁邊的樓房擋住了視野。view，scene，scenery，sight和lookview指從遠處或高處看到的視野范圍內(nèi)的風景；scene意為“景象；風光”時包括其中的人物、動作和行為；scenery指一個地區(qū)的“整個風景”，尤指鄉(xiāng)村中的自然景色；sight指“情景，奇觀”，強調(diào)看到處于視野以內(nèi)或為視力可及的東西，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，指人文景觀；look用于人時指“神態(tài)”或“樣子”，用于物時指“面貌”。 二、重點短語需精通1.befondof喜愛；喜歡Iamnotoverlyfondofcooking.我不怎么喜歡烹飪。Shehasmanyshortings,butweareallfondofher.她雖然有很多缺點，但我們都喜歡她。表示“喜歡”的詞或詞組還有：enjoy指在某種活動中獲得樂趣，后面常用名詞、代詞和動名詞形式；prefer意為“更喜歡”，指在兩者中比較喜歡其中一個；like側(cè)重介紹性格和習慣上的愛好。2.careabout關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念Theyoungshouldcareabouttheold.年輕人應(yīng)該關(guān)心老年人。Idon'tcareaboutwhetherheleavesornot.我不在乎他離不離開。careabout意為“憂慮，關(guān)心，惦念”，相當于beworriedabout或beconcernedabout。carefor意為“喜歡(likeorlovesb./sth.)”，常用于否定句和疑問句；還可表示“照顧，照料”，與lookafter/takecareof同義。3.changeone'smind改變主意Wehaveleanedoverbackwardstopersuadehimtochangehismind,butalltonoavail.我們已經(jīng)竭力說服他改變主意，可是完全沒用。bringbacktomind使回想起keep/bearinmind記住havesomething/somebodyinmind心里想著某事/某人readone'smind看出某人的心思takesomethingoffone'smind去掉某人的心事loseone'smind失去理智4.givein投降；屈服；讓步；交上Afterthefighting,theenemygavein.戰(zhàn)后敵人投降了。Seeingthathecouldnotpersuademe,hehadtogivein(tomyview).由于無法說服我，他不得不讓步。Pleasegiveinyourexaminationpapersnow.現(xiàn)在請交上試卷。giveaway送給人；分發(fā)；泄露，暴露giveback送還；恢復(fù)(健康)giveoff散發(fā)出giveout用完；耗盡；沒有了giveup放棄；不再做；把……獻給……givebirthto生(孩子)；造成……的原因 三、重點句式能熟用1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.自從初中起，我和我姐姐王薇就一直夢想來一次偉大的自行車旅行。該句是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句子，只不過將現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的典型的時間狀語提前置句首了。在eversince中，ever放在since之前是用來表達說話人強調(diào)句中動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間長的語氣的。如果句中動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間較短，就不能用ever。無論是since還是eversince，都與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用。2.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.盡管她對到某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她還是堅持認為自己把這次旅行安排得很妥當。該句中insist之后的賓語從句使用的是虛擬語氣。“insist＋that從句”，若表示“堅持(要求)”，要用虛擬形式“(should)＋動詞原形”；若表示“堅持說，堅持認為”，則不用虛擬形式。Weinsistedthatsheshouldetotheparty.我們堅持認為她應(yīng)該來參加這個聚會。Heinsistedthathewasright.他堅持說他是對的。insiston/upondoing堅決做，堅持做3.WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。句中“...theairwouldbehardtobreathe...”是“主語＋系動詞＋形容詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中不定式的謂語與主語在意義上是動賓關(guān)系，但要用主動形式表示被動意義，這一類的形容詞通?？梢悦枥L主語的情緒、態(tài)度、品質(zhì)屬性或者難易程度，如hard，difficult，easy，nice，interesting，important，pleasant和fortable等。Yourwritingisimpossibletoread.你寫的字太難辨認了。Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink?你認為這水喝起來安全嗎？4.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.一旦她下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。句中once的用法較多，意思也比較豐富，既可以用作連詞，也可以用作副詞。用作連詞時，意為“一旦……就……”，連接時間狀語從句，相當于assoonas。Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.一旦開始了，你就不要放棄。allatonce突然；同時atonce立刻，馬上；同時(every)onceinawhile偶爾，有時，間或morethanonce不止一次，多次onceagain/more再一次onceandagain一再，再三onceortwice一兩次；有時，偶爾onceuponatime從前四、話題寫作多積累訓練三：寫電子郵件書信和電子郵件是人們進行書面交流的兩種重要形式。這兩種形式的寫作是高考中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的題型。從內(nèi)容上看，近幾年高考書信寫作主要包括道歉信、致謝信、筆友信、慰問信、投訴信、邀請信、介紹信、求職信、讀者請求的解答信及其答復(fù)讀者的信等。而電子郵件指用電子手段傳送的信件，其本質(zhì)還是書信。第一步構(gòu)建框架，清晰行文，謀篇布局有成足審題時首先確定寫信人的身份、寫信的對象及寫信的目的，然后根據(jù)寫信目的結(jié)合提綱內(nèi)容確定信中應(yīng)該包含哪些要點內(nèi)容，結(jié)合寫信目的及提綱中的要點，構(gòu)思書信的框架及寫作順序。并結(jié)合構(gòu)思的內(nèi)容列出一些關(guān)鍵詞語。第二步打造亮句，增色文章，詞法句法有章法按照構(gòu)思的寫作思路及內(nèi)容開始寫作，用正確的句子結(jié)構(gòu)將所列的關(guān)鍵詞匯及短語連詞成句，再加以適當?shù)淖儞Q句型，增添細節(jié)。第三步串句成文，保證流暢，文法標點有規(guī)范寫完以后進行通讀，對細節(jié)進行潤色修改，形成一篇完整、流暢的書信。對于書信和電子郵件來說，從文法上來說，切忌主客不分或模糊、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)錯用、句子零碎、動詞與主語不能保持一致，時態(tài)濫用和標點不準確，應(yīng)該盡量使結(jié)構(gòu)對稱，讓人容易理解。(1)信件開頭常用語①寫信給他人I'mwritingtoaskifyoucanenextweek.Howtimeflies！It'sthreemonthssinceIsawyoulast.Howareyougettingonwitheverything?Hownicetohearfromyouagain!Nicetoreadyourletter/e－mailtoday.②回信給他人Yourlettercametomethismorning.IhavereceivedyourletterofJuly20th.I'mgladtohavereceivedyourletterof...I'mwritingtothankyouforyourhelpduring...I'mpleasedtohearthatyou'reingtoChinaforavisit.Thankyouforyourletter.(2)信件常用結(jié)束語Pleaseremembermetoyourwholefamily.Givemybestregards(wishes)toyourmother.Wishyousuccess./Wishyouthebestofhealth.Lookingforwardtoyournextvisit/earlyreplytoChina!Lookingforwardtothepleasureofmeetingyou!Bestwishes/regards!【例1】(1)使用所給單詞的適當形式填空①Shepreferred__to__go__(go)withusratherthan__stay__(stay)behind.②Iwouldprefer__reading__(read)booksto__watching__(watch)TV.③I'dpreferyou____to__drive__(drive),ifyoudon'tmind.④WouldyoupreferthatI__(should)go__(go)withyou？＝Wouldyoupreferme__to__go__(go)withyou?由于prefer本身含有比較意義，故不可與比較級連用。在preferAtoB/preferdoingAtodoingB中，to是介詞，to前后分別為平行的名詞、代詞或者v.－ing。(2)用prefer的適當形式填空①Whichisyourpreference,__teaorcoffee?②Itischoseninpreferencetoanother.③She__preferred__thatshe(should)doitalonewhenshewasintrouble.【例2】使用恰當?shù)慕樵~填空①England'splayerswouldbeleft__at__adisadvantageagainstthoseoftherestoftheworld.②Thesituationis__to__ourchildren?sdisadvantage.③Janetookadvantage__of__thelunchhourtofinishherhomework.④Hehastheadvantage__of__mewhenhetalksaboutscience.⑤Youwillfindit__to__youradvantagetogotothecountryforachange.disadvantage的基本意思是“不利條件，劣勢”，指條件、環(huán)境、地位等劣于他人或其他事物，而不指物質(zhì)方面的缺點，是可數(shù)名詞?！纠?】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①我們已經(jīng)說服了他遠離網(wǎng)吧。Wehavepersuadedhimtokeepawayfromthenetbar.＝Wehavepersuadedhim__into__keepingawayfromthenetbar.②我們怎么才能說服她別相信他呢？Howcanwepersuadeher__out__of__believing/__not__to__believe__inhim?③我們勸他停止他愚蠢的計劃。Wepersuadehim__out__of__hisfoolishplan.④通過多次勸告，我說服他戒了煙。I've__persuaded__himtogiveupsmokingby__advising__himmanytimes.⑤她勸我要謹慎。She__advised__metobecautious.persuadesb.todosth.指成功說服某人做某事；trytopersuadesb.todosth.指試圖說服某人做某事，含有未能成功的意思；advisesb.todosth.指建議某人做某事，對方是否采納則不一定?！纠?】(1)使用恰當?shù)慕樵~填空①Theelectionwasheldsixmonths__ahead__of__/behind__schedule.②Apresidentialelectionwasscheduled__for__lastDecember.(2)用schedule的適當形式填空①Theconferencewillbeconvenedasscheduled．②Thepresident__is__scheduled__foraspeechtomorrow.③Thebuilding__is__scheduled____tobepletedandhandedoverbytheendoftheyear.【例5】(1)用determine的適當形式填空①Theproposalhadbeendroppedinthefaceof__determined__opposition.②I__am__determined__towinthegame.③Allthisincreasedmy__determination__totryineverywaytofightagainstthatwar.(2)完成句子①ShemadeuphermindtogoandsettleinAmerica.＝She__was__determined__(determine)togoandsettleinAmerica.②__I__am__determined__to__go__(我已下定決心要去)andnothingwillstopme.③__Determined__(determine)thathewouldnotebackagain,helefthishomealone.④Thatincident__determined__(determine)hertobeanurse.【例6】(1)使用bend的恰當形式填空①He__bent__theironbarasifithadbeenmadeofrubber.②Ilikethegraceful__bends__ofGothicwindows.③Thestudents__bent__theirattentiononlisteningtotheirteacher.(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換他一心撲在這項工程上。Hewasfully__bent__ontheproject.＝Hewasfully__devoted__totheproject.＝Hewasfully__absorbed__intheproject.【例7】(1)根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①Asyougetolder,your__attitude__towards__success__(對成功的看法)changes.②It'snothisworkthatbothersme;it's__his__attitude__(他的態(tài)度).③__Attitudes__are__(人們的態(tài)度)beginningtochange.(2)單句改錯Thecountrydesperatelyneedsmorehouses,andthekeyfortheproblem,asusual,ismoney.for改為to_______________________________________________________【例8】從view，scene，scenery，sight和look中選擇合適的單詞完成句子①Youcanenjoytheextraordinary__sight__ofunbrokencloudplains.②The__scene__isaperfectdreamwhenyouseethesunrisingslowlyintheeast.③Anaeroplaneoffersyouanunusualandbreathtaking__view__oftheworld.④Shecouldgetagreat__view__ofthemountainfromherbedroomwindow.⑤The__scenery__inthemountainsisverybeautiful.⑥Theoldcityhastakenonanew__look__.【例1】完成句子①I__prefer__jazztorockmusic.②Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond__of__playingtennisnowadays.③I'mfondof__playing__(play)thepiano.④I__like/enjoy__readingnewspapers.⑤Heenjoys__talking__(talk)tome.befondof表示“喜歡”，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞形式。【例2】完成句子①Theonlythinghe__cares__about__(在乎)ismoney.②Idon'treally__care__for__(喜歡)redwine.③Idon't__care__(about)__(關(guān)心)whathappenstohim.④Whowill__care__for__(照顧)yourchildifyouareout?【例3】使用mind的相關(guān)短語完成句子①I__make__up__my__mind__(下決心)tostudyhard.②Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon't__change__my__mind__(改變主意).③Oncemydaughter__has__made__up__her__mind__(下定了決心),nothingcanbedoneto__change__her__mind__(使她改變主意).④Wemust__keep/bear__in__mind__(牢記)that“Nopains,nogains”.【例4】使用恰當?shù)脑~組填空①Hewon't__give__in__to__(屈服)theenemies.②Youweresupposedto__give__in__(交上)yourhomeworkfourdaysago.③He__gave__up__(放棄)learningEnglishbecauseitwashardtolearn.givein意為“上交”時，為及物動詞詞組；意為“讓步，投降”時，為不及物動詞詞組，若表示“向……讓步/投降”，要用giveinto。giveup意為“放棄”，后加名詞或動名詞。【例1】用所給單詞的適當形式填空①EversincethenI__have__been__longing__(long)tomeethimfacetoface.②I__have__lived__(live)hereeversinceIwasachild.③It__is__(be)justaweeksincewearrived.【例2】用所給單詞的適當形式填空①Weinsistedthatthemanager__(should)be__(be)presentatthemeeting.②Heinsistedthathe__had__done__(do)right.③Heinsistedthatwe__(should)accept__(accept)thesegifts.④Theyinsistedupon__sending__(send)acarovertofetchus.⑤Heinsistedthathe__was__(be)thebest，soheinsistedthathe__do__(do)theworkallbyhimself.【例3】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①有時候她很不容易理解。Shewasdifficult__to__understand__attimes.②他是唯一一個被授予這種榮譽的外國人。Hewastheonlyforeigner__to__be__given__suchanhonour.③這把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起來很舒服。Thechairlooksratherhard,butitisvery__fortable__to__sit__on__.不定式后面如果是不及物動詞，要在其后加適當?shù)慕樵~與主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系?！纠?】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子①Physicsiseasytolearn__once__(一旦)youunderstandtherules.②__Once__(曾經(jīng))helivedinAmerica,butnowhelivesinEngland.③Hetoldme__once__again__(再次)tobesuretoputoutthelightbeforeleaving.④Iseethem__once__(一次)everytwomonths.⑤__Once__upon__a__time__(從前)therewasagiantwithtwoheads.once用作副詞時，意為“曾經(jīng)；一度；從前”。它是一個不確定的時間副詞，其位置一般是在行為動詞之前，系動詞之后。once用作副詞，也可意為“一次”。(2017全國卷I)假定你是李華，正在教你的英國朋友Leslie學習漢語。請你寫封郵件告知下次上課的計劃。內(nèi)容包括：1.時間和地點；2.內(nèi)容：學習唐詩；3.課前準備：簡要了解唐朝的歷史。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearLeslie，IamveryhappythatyouhavemadegreatprogressinlearningChineseandyouareinterestedinChineseculture.NowI'lltellyouthenextlearningprogramme.OnJuly20,wearegoingtolearnpoemsoftheTangDynastywhichyouareinterestedintheLectureHall.Asaforeignlearner,itisdifficultforyoutounderstandthetruemeaningandthecultureofthem.Therefore,beforeclass,youcanreadsomebooksrelatedtothehistoryoftheTangDynastytobetterappreciatethepoems.BesuretogototheLectureHallontime.Youcannotmissthewonderfulpoems.Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua1.不要受中文習慣的影響由于受中文的影響，許多同學在寫英文書信時，開頭總喜歡用“Hello/Howareyou？/Howdoyoudo？”等問候語作為開頭，其實這些是不符合英文書信的寫作習慣的。與中文信件不同，英文書信正文的開頭不是先寫一些問候語，而是直接說明寫信人的身份及寫信目的。2.要簡明扼要英文書信講究簡潔，只要涵蓋提綱中的要點內(nèi)容，將寫信的目的、要表達的意思表達清楚即可，且不可脫離主題隨意增加無關(guān)內(nèi)容。3．用語要得體寫信時要注意寫信人和收信人之間的關(guān)系，稱呼、語氣、用語等方面相符。另外，還應(yīng)該注意書信中應(yīng)該以書面語體為主，要避免過于口語化的表達，比如Hello,Bye－bye等?？枷蛞辉趩雾椷x擇中設(shè)題(2016天津卷)I'mgoingto________advantageofthistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.A.putB.makeC.takeD.give【答案】C句意：我要利用這次旅行來探索這個城堡的歷史。短語takeadvantageof，意為“利用”，屬于固定搭配。考向二在補全短文中設(shè)題(2017全國卷I)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill－cookedmeals,andunfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothinginmonwithme.__1__Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.__2__Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbillformyson'sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun－filledholidayinthewilderness.__3__Instead,wehadapop－upcamperwithfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature－lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.__4__Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty－eight－foottraveltrailerpletewithabathroomandabuilt－inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.__5__Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Iremendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D．Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E．ImustsaythatIhavecertainlyetoenjoycamping.F．Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G．Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall. 【語篇解讀】對野營曾懷偏見和抵觸情緒的作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)野營的好處良多，只不過是自己原來沒有找到適合自己的方式而已，故而建議大家找到適合自己的方式親近大自然。1.D根據(jù)前文所述可知，作者不熱衷于“野營”，而下文轉(zhuǎn)述自己找到了適合自己的方式多次野營，故所缺句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。2．C根據(jù)前句可知，介紹我去野營的朋友認為，我此去野營是件“開拓性的事情”，所缺句可對前文加以補充說明，即野營對我來說很難。故選C。3．A作者以前野營是住在帳篷里，根據(jù)下一句話可知，所缺句為歸結(jié)上文(不用帳篷)，和提示下文(用什么方式)的作用，故選A。4.F根據(jù)后文可知，作者全家多次野營，故所缺為本段的主題句，故選F。5.E所缺句是作者總結(jié)自己對野營的態(tài)度，根據(jù)后文作者對人們提出的建議和忠告可知，他對野營是持積極支持態(tài)度的，故選E。計策1：熟記與advantage有關(guān)的短語計策2：了解advantage及其反義詞的用法計策1：抓首句牢記每一段的第一句話的重要地位，定下段意的基調(diào)之后“以小見大”；計策2：看前后牢記“瞻前顧后”找線索，通過關(guān)鍵詞將選項中的關(guān)鍵詞進行定位；計策3：理情感緊扣作者的情感變化，跟隨作者的情感主線找到判斷關(guān)鍵詞的方向。計策4：試做題如果在段首，先看右，再看上一段段尾。如果在段中，一般先看空格的左邊。然后再看空格右邊，找復(fù)現(xiàn)。如果是段尾句，則先看空格左邊。如果空格沒有再去找本段的中心主題。一、詞匯拓展1.journaln．日記；雜志；定期刊物→journalistn．記者→journalismn．新聞業(yè)2.transportn．運送；運輸vt.運輸；運送→__transportation__n.運輸；運送3.prefervt.更喜歡→__preference__n．更喜歡某事物→__preferable__adj.(對某人來說)更可取的4.advantagen．有利條件；便利之處→__disadvantage__n．不利條件；不便之處5.persuadevt.說服；勸說→__persuasion__n.說服，說服力→persuasiveadj.善于說服的6.cyclevi.騎自行車→__cyclist__n.騎自行車的人7.graduatevi.畢業(yè)n．大學畢業(yè)生→____graduation__n.畢業(yè)，分劃，得學位8.finaln．決賽adj.最后的→__finally__adv.最后；終于9.organizevt.組織；成立→__organized__adj.有組織的→__organization__n.組織，團體10.determinev．→__determination__n．決心；堅定性→__determined__adj.有決心的；意志堅定的11.insurev．投保險→____insurance__n．保險12.relyv.依靠，依賴→__reliable__adj.可信賴的；可靠的二、單句語法填空1.Thefilmlastnight__transported__(transport)usbacktoNewYorkofthe1950s.2.Asa__journalist__(journal),heinterviewedmanygovernmentofficials.3.Thegovernmenthasruledoutfurtherincreasesintrain__fares__(fare)nextyear.4.Fatheristhankfultomefor__persuading__(persuade)himtogiveupsmoking.5.Theroad__bends__(bend)totheleftandgoesstraight.6.Theykeepintouchwitheachothersincethey__graduated__(graduate)fromcollege.7.He__organized__(organize)thepartysuccessfully.8.She__boiled__(boil)theeggssoft.9.Hegotapositionwithan__insurance__(insure)pany.10.Therewasanexplosionandtheplaneburstinto__flames__(flame)．11.BobgavememuchhelpwhenIwasintrouble.Heisreallya__reliable__(rely)personandyoucandependonhim.12.A__determined__(determine)personalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.13.Theteacherwantedtoknowifwecanusetheword__properly__(proper).14.Doyourememberallthe__details__(detail)ofthestoryyouhavejustread?15.She__cycled__(cycle)toschoolinsteadoftakingthebus.三、用短語的適當形式填空dreamabout，takeout，beinterestedin，asusual，(be)dressedin，graduateat/from，befondof，atmidnight，indetail，careabout，givein(tosb.)，keeppacewith1.She__graduated__from__anAmericancollegein2017.2.Ishouldhavestudiedthisreport__in__detail__．3.Heoften__dreams__about__hisdaysinthecountryside.4.Weallshouldhavesomepeopleto__care__about,__becausefriendshipisveryimportantinourlife.5.Finally，Tom__gave__in__andagreedtotravelwiththem.6.Allmyfamily__are__fond__of__(listeningto)folkmusic.7.ShewalkssofastthatIcan't__keep__pace__with__her.8.He__is__interested__in__thetrafficproblemofanentirecity.9.It'sgettingcoolandIhaveto__take__out__mywoolengloves.10.Afterherhusbanddied,she__was__dressed__in__deepblackfortherestofherlife.11.Ireallycan'tstandyou.You'relate,__as__usual__.12.Itwas__at__midnight__thatIgotbackhomeyesterday.四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Althoughheranveryfast,hestillfailedtobrushtheworldrecord.Fast__as__he__ran,__hestillfailedtobrushtheworldrecord.2.Weinsistedthatyoushouldgiveupsmoking.Weinsisted__your__giving__up__smoking.3.Oncethepictureisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.Once__seen,__thepicturecanneverbeforgotten.4.Atlast,wemadehimchangehismind.Atlast,we__got__him__to__change__hismind.5.“Whoisspeakingthere？”，askedtheteacher.“Who__is__it__that__is__speaking__there？”，askedtheteacher.五、單句改錯1.Childalthoughheis,heknowsalot.although改為__as2.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepintothedoor.pin改為pinned__________________________________________________________________________3.ItwasinthestreetwheretherewerelotsofshopsImethim.I__前加__that__________________________________________________________________________4.Johnmadehislittlesistertocry,whichmadehi