人教版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義必修一　Unit4Earthquakes

第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識必修一Unit4Earthquakes1.學(xué)習(xí)并理解“中國唐山地震的不眠之夜”“地震后重建的新唐山”“美國舊金山1906年地震”。2.了解地震的有關(guān)知識，學(xué)習(xí)在地震或突遇的災(zāi)難中如何自救、救人。Whatistheheadlineofthenewspaper?Arethereanyfrighteningeventstoday?Icanjudgeyouarefrightened.Oh,hereisanearthquake.Whatshockingnews!Waterpipesburst.Brickwallsandmetalbarswereinruins.Electricitywashardtoget.Millionsofbuildingsweretrappedinthedirt.Thewellswereburiedandthecanalsweredestroyed.Thequakecauseddamagetothenation.Thewholenationwouldsufferfromextremepains.Youcannotfindtracksofthealive.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.Agreatnumberofcoalminershadnoshelter.Itisuselesscrying.Rescueworkersweregivingahandsincerely.Weshouldcongratulateourselvesonlivinginasafeplace.Expresssincerethankstothereporters,whomadeothersknowthedisaster.1.inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪2.rescuen.&vt.援救；營救3.judgen.裁判員；法官vt.斷定；判斷；判決4.rightaway立刻；馬上5.congratulatevt.祝賀1.電很難接通。Electricitywashardtoget.2.看起來世界末日好像到了。Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.3.哭泣是沒有用處的。Itisuselesscrying. ★earthquaken.地震★burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)★eventn.事件；大事★nationn.民族；國家；國民★ruinn.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)★sufferingn.苦難；痛苦★extremeadj.極度的★injurevt.損害；傷害★dirtn.污垢；泥土★destroyvt.破壞；毀壞；消滅★shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動★trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境★electricityn.電；電流；電學(xué)★disastern.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍★uselessadj.無用的；無效的；無益的★digout掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)★frightenvt.使驚嚇；嚇?！颾uryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏★sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處★damagen.&vt.損失；損害★expressvt.表示；表達(dá)n.快車；速遞★frightenedadj.受驚的；受恐嚇的★frighteningadj.令人恐懼的★congratulationn.祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞★sincerelyadv.真誠地；真摯地一、重點單詞需牢記1.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然破裂；爆發(fā)burstin/into突然闖進(jìn)；破門而入burstout突然迸發(fā)；爆發(fā)；突然激動地喊叫burstoutdoing...＝burstinto＋n.突然做某事burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/樂不可支burstintocheers爆發(fā)出歡呼聲Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破門而入。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房間里突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲。2.ruinn.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)ruinoneself毀掉自己inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪fall/eintoruin逐漸破碎bring...toruin使……失??；使……毀壞Therainruinedmypainting.這場雨把我的畫給毀了。Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.那次地震過后，全城到處是頹垣斷壁。ruin、destroy、damage、hurt、harm、wound與injure★ruin強調(diào)一次性徹底毀滅，程度嚴(yán)重且不能修復(fù)?！飀estroy指通過有力或粗暴的手段使之毀滅或無用，一般不能或很難修復(fù)，有時用于比喻意義。★damage多指對價值和動能的破壞，以無生命的東西居多。★hurt多指肉體方面的傷害，常伴有痛感。作借喻時常指對精神或感情方面的傷害?！飄arm指被“損害，傷害”的東西不再完整、美麗?！飛ound主要指刀傷，槍傷，也可以指感情上的創(chuàng)傷?！飅njure“傷害，損害”，意義較廣，著重指偶然事故對人或物的容貌、內(nèi)部器官、生理機能的“損害”。3.shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動n.休克；打擊；震驚be/getshocked觸電beshockedat對……感到驚訝ItgavemequiteashocktobetoldIwasseriouslyill.聽說我的病很嚴(yán)重，我吃了一驚。Theywereshockedbyherrudeness.他們對她的無禮感到震驚。shockedadj.震驚的；震撼的shockingadj.令人震驚的；駭人聽聞的4.rescuen.&vt.援救；營救rescue...from...把……從……營救出來eto/gotoone'srescue＝rescuesb.援救某人arescueteam救援隊arescuemission救援任務(wù)rescueworkers救援人員Hedivedfromthebridgetorescuethedrowningchild.他從橋上跳入水中去搶救那溺水兒童。Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriver.警察來救他，把他從河里拉了出來。5.trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境trapsb./sth.into(doing)．..誘使某人/某物(做)……betrappedin被……困住Someminersweretrappedundergroundafterthecollapse.塌方后，有些礦工被困在地下。Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.警察設(shè)下了捉拿竊賊的圈套。trappern.設(shè)陷阱者；設(shè)陷阱捕獸者6.buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏beburiedalive被活埋beburiedunder為……所壓倒；沉浸于，忙于bury(oneself)in埋頭于；專心于；退居于(鄉(xiāng)間等)＝beburiedinburyone'sheadinthesand自欺欺人，逃避現(xiàn)實(來自鴕鳥的習(xí)性)Henryburiedthedeaddoginthebackyard.＝ThedeaddogwasburiedinthebackyardbyHenry.亨利把死狗埋在后院。Heisburyinghimselfinhisbooks,payingnoattentiontoanythingelse.他埋頭于書本，其他事一概不問。7.congratulationn.祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞congratulatevt.祝賀，向……道喜congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就……(向某人)祝賀congratulatesb.onsth.為某事向某人祝賀Theletterarrivedincongratulationofmygraduationfromtheuniversity.我收到了大學(xué)畢業(yè)的賀信。Congratulationsonyoursuccess!祝賀你獲得了成功！Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexam.我們祝賀他通過了考試。8.judgen.裁判員；法官vt.斷定；判斷；判決judgesb./sth.by/from通過……判斷……judgingfrom...從……來看，根據(jù)……判斷Hisfatherusedtobeajudge.他的父親過去是一名法官。She'sagoodjudgeofwine.她是鑒別酒的專家。Theblindcan'tjudgecolours.盲人無法判斷顏色。Don'tjudgeamanbyhislooks.不要以貌取人。Judgingfromwhathesaid,hemustbeanhonestman.從他所說的話來看，他是個誠實的人。二、重點短語需精通1.thinklittleof不重視；認(rèn)為……沒有價值Shethoughtlittleofmywork.她不看重我的工作。Hethoughtlittleofmysuggestion.他不重視我的建議。thinklittle/poorly/nothingof輕視；忽略thinkmuch/highly/wellof重視；看重，評價高Whatdoyouthinkof...？認(rèn)為……怎么樣？thinktwice再三考慮thinkabout考慮；回想；想起thinkof考慮；記憶，記起thinksth.over仔細(xì)想；謹(jǐn)慎思考；作進(jìn)一步考慮thinksth.out認(rèn)真考慮；仔細(xì)盤算thinksth.up想出，發(fā)明2.rightaway立刻；馬上I'llreturnthebooktoyourightaway.我會馬上把書還給你。Ifwarbreaksout,weshallbecalleduprightaway.如果戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，我們將立即被征召服役。rightnow＝atonce＝immediately＝innotime立刻，馬上3.atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)Thewarwasfinallyatanend.戰(zhàn)爭終于結(jié)束了。attheendof在……盡頭；在……末端bytheendof到……結(jié)束時；到……時候為止intheend最后；終于etoanend結(jié)束put/bring...toanend結(jié)束……putanendto結(jié)束……；終結(jié)……4.a(great)numberof許多；大量的Igaveawaya(great)numberofbookstothechildrenthere.我向那兒的孩子捐獻(xiàn)了許多書。表示“許多；大量”的詞語可分為以下幾類：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（1）alarge/great/goodnumberof,agreat/goodmany,agoodfew/quiteafew))＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（2）agood/greatdealof,agreat/largeamountof,quitealittle))＋不可數(shù)名詞eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（3）alotof/lotsof,agreat/largequantityof,largequantitiesof,plentyof))＋可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（4）manya,morethanone))＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動詞三、重點句式能熟用1.Inthefarmyards，thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至豬都緊張得不吃食了。句中含有too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“……以至于不……”。Thesepillarsaretoothintocarrytheroof.這些柱子太細(xì)，支撐不住屋頂。too...to...句型在下列情況下表示肯定意義；(1)too后的形容詞是anxious,eager,easy,glad,kind,ready時，too表示very、extremely的含義。(2)too前有only，but，all修飾時，表示“非?！?。(3)和never,can't連用時，表示“非常，不會不”。2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！asif＝asthough意為“仿佛，像，似乎”，通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等連系動詞的后面。如果表示真實情況應(yīng)該用陳述語氣；如果表示非真實情況則應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞的虛擬式與wish后面賓語從句中謂語動詞的虛擬式相同。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時也要用虛擬語氣。Howwildhiswhitehairlookedasifithadbeenelectrified!他的白發(fā)十分凌亂，好像觸了電似的！(虛擬語氣)Sheseemsasifsheisgoingtocry.她似乎要哭了。(陳述事實)Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.他表現(xiàn)得好像什么也沒發(fā)生。(虛擬語氣)asif(though)后面除了跟句子外，還可以跟名詞、動詞不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語和分詞。另外，asif(though)還可以表達(dá)感嘆語氣，來對某項建議、假設(shè)和推測表示不贊成、驚訝、不滿和厭惡等。Asifwewereallstupidandhealoneclever!哼，就仿佛我們都是傻瓜只有他一個人聰明似的！Heraisedhishandasiftotakeoffhishat.他舉起他的手，好像要取下帽子。3.Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。本句中使用了部分否定，即all...not＝notall...都是“部分否定”，也稱“半否定”。all，both，each，every，everyone，everything，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有總括意義的詞與否定詞not連用時，一般都表示部分否定，其中all，both,each，every無論在not之前還是之后，都表示部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。Allthatglittersisnotgold.發(fā)光的不一定都是金子。Notallbodylanguagesmeanthesamethingindifferentcountries.并非所有的肢體語言在不同的國家里都有相同的意思。Eachmachinehereisnotproducedinourplant.這里的機器不全是我們廠生產(chǎn)的。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，nomore，nolonger等表示否定意義的詞與謂語一起使用構(gòu)成了全部否定。 四、話題寫作多積累訓(xùn)練四：寫報道報道就是把獲得的信息快速而準(zhǔn)確地用書面形式進(jìn)行傳遞。它的結(jié)構(gòu)一般分為四個部分：標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語、主體、結(jié)語。新聞五要素(5W)缺一不可，指的是時間(when)，地點(where)，人物(who)，起因(why)，結(jié)果(whereupon)。(1)標(biāo)題解大意：濃縮概括全文的中心實質(zhì)問題。用來說明消息內(nèi)容，通常以醒目的文字出現(xiàn)在消息之上的簡短文字，能簡明扼要地向讀者揭示新聞的主要內(nèi)容，使其在最短的時間內(nèi)獲取最多的信息。(2)導(dǎo)語述事實：通常為文章的第一段。文章的第一段提供主要話題和最主要的事實。它是新聞文體區(qū)別于其他文體的特有概念。通常包含5W和1H。(3)正文細(xì)道來：在導(dǎo)語的基礎(chǔ)上，引入更多的與主題相關(guān)的事實，使之更加詳實、具體，并展開評論，進(jìn)而得出結(jié)論。(4)結(jié)語來總結(jié)：報道的結(jié)語一般是最后一句話或者一段話，通常對全文內(nèi)容作概括性的總結(jié)，或?qū)π侣剷r間的發(fā)展趨勢做出預(yù)測。I'dliketosaysomethingabout...Aterribleaccidenthappened.Hefinishedfirstintherace.Ithappenedthat...Hewentonridingthoughtheredlightwason.Goodnewsesoncrutches.Badnewstravelsquickly.報道寫作時的注意事項(1)注意人稱：除評論部分用第一人稱外其余段落都應(yīng)該用第三人稱。(2)注意時態(tài)的正確使用：要用一般過去時。(3)注意新聞的必要要素不可缺少。 【例1】(1)用burst相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空①Thepolice__burst__into__the__house__(闖進(jìn)屋子)andarrestedthethief.②Muchtomysurprise,she__burst__out__crying/burst__into__tears__(號啕大哭)theinstantshereadtheletter.(2)同義句改寫Hearingtheinterestingstory，allthepeoplepresentburstintolaughter.Hearingtheinterestingstory，allthepeoplepresent__burst__out__laughing__．【例2】(1)根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子①Thebadweatherhas__ruined____(毀了)allmypleasurefortheholiday.②Alargenumberofchurches__were__ruined__(毀了)aftertherevolution.③Avillageoncesoattractivewas__ruined__(毀了).(2)從ruin、destroy、damage、hurt、harm、wound與injure中選擇合適的單詞完成句子①Thestrongwind__damaged__severalhouses.②Hefelloffthebikeand__hurt__hisarm.③Theearthquake__destroyed__manylives.④You'll__ruin__yourhealthifyougoonlikethat.⑤She'safraidthatintheirfighthewould__harm__thechild.⑥Thebullet__wounded__himintheleg.⑦Johnfelldownfromthetreeand__injured__hisback.【例3】用shock的適當(dāng)形式填空①Mr.Smithgot__shocked__whenhetouchedthewire.②They__were__shocked__atthenews.③Jane,__shocked__atthenewsoftheearthquake,wasatalossforwords.④Earthquake__shocks__areoftenfeltinJapan.⑤Allthepeoplepresentfelt__shocked__atthe__shocking__news.【例4】(1)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①Michaelrescuedaboy__from__drowning.②Theycame__to__hisrescueonhearinghiscry.③Werescuedhim__from__theenemy'scamp.(2)用rescue的適當(dāng)形式填空①Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,has__been__rescued__fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.②Thefiremen__rescued__fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.【例5】使用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①Weweretrapped__for__anhourinthetrafficjam.②Shewastrapped__in__theburninghouse.③Iwastrapped__into__tellingthepoliceallIknew.④Thethiefwastrapped__by__thepoliceinanoldhouse.【例6】同義句改寫B(tài)ecausesheburiedherselfinthefilm，shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.①Burying__herself__in__the__film,__she__didn't__know__it__was__snowing__outside.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)②Buried__in__the__film,__she__didn't__know__it__was__snowing__outside.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)bury常借喻表示“埋頭于……”“沉浸于……”，賓語常是思想、工作、事業(yè)等?！纠?】用congratulate的適當(dāng)形式填空①Heis__to__be__congratulated__forhissuccess.②Isendyoumywarmest__congratulations__onyoursuccess.congratulation用作祝賀語時，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；作為“祝賀”這一抽象意義時，通常用單數(shù)形式。③Theloser__congratulated__thewinneroftheracewhenthegamecametoanend.congratulate后不接帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或that從句?！纠?】用judge的適當(dāng)形式填空①__Judging__fromhisappearance,hemustbearichman.②Inher__judgment,__hemustbefromthesouth.③Sometimesitisdifficultforscientiststomakea__judgment__aboutwhatmaybehappeningwithoutsignalsfromthespaceship.【例1】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子①Thegovernment__thinks__much/highly/well__of__(非常重視)hisinventionbecauseit'llbenefitthecountry.②Thefoolishboss__thought__little__of__(不重視)mysuggestionsonthatproject.③He__is__thinking__about__(正在考慮)travellinginthesummerholidays.④Ican't__think__of__(想起)hisnamethen.⑤Please__think__over__(仔細(xì)考慮)whatIsaid.⑥He__thought__out__(想出)anewidea.

【例2】用rightaway的同義短語完成句子Iwantittypedrightaway,please.＝Iwantittypedright__now,__please.＝Iwantittypedat__once,__please.＝Iwantittypedimmediately,__please.＝Iwantittypedin__no__time,__please.【例3】用end的相關(guān)短語填空①HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned__by__the__end__of__lastterm?②Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor__in__the__end__．③MyunclewillflytoChina__at__the__end__of__thisyear.④Thelonghotsummer__came__to__an__end__.【例4】單句改錯①Inthepasttwoyears,thenumberofautomobileaccidentsinBeijinghavedecreased.have改為__has___________________________________________________②Thenumberofpetitorsarelimit.are改為is_________________________________________________________③Anumberofproblemshasarisen.has改為have_______________________________________________________④Largequantitiesoftherewaspolluted.was改為were_____________________________________________________①anumberof意為“一些，很多”，相當(dāng)于many,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)它作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。②thenumberof意為“……的數(shù)量、數(shù)目”，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。③largequantitiesof＋名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。④largeamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。【例1】翻譯句子①Theropesaretoohighforchildrentoreach.那些繩子太高，孩子們夠不著。②I'llbeonlytoopleasedtobeabletodothejobforyou.我能為您效勞，真是十分高興。③Alltoosoonallthisended.很快這一切都結(jié)束了。alltoosoon總是太早；過得太快。④It'snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，學(xué)到老。【例2】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①他做起事來好像是個電視專家。Heactsasifhe__were/was__(be)aTVexpert.②你看上去似乎并不在乎。Youlookasifyou__don't__care__(notcare).③那棵樹看上去好像很久沒人給澆水了。Thetreelookedasifit__hadn't__been__watered__(water)foralongtime.④他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。HetalksaboutRomeasifhe__had__been__(be)therebefore.⑤他張開嘴似乎要說什么。Heopenedhismouthasifhe__would__say__(say)something.＝Heopenedhismouthasif__to__say__(say)something.⑥看起來似乎要下雪了。Itlooksasifit__might__snow__(maysnow).⑦她待他如陌生人。Shetreatshimasifhe__were__(be)astranger.【例3】(1)根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①并非什么都好。Everything__isnotright.②沒有什么能改變她的想法。Nothing__canchangehermind.(2)將下列句子改為全部否定①Noteverythingshedidpleasedhim.Nothing__she__did__pleased__him.②Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.Neither__of__them__is__my__brothers.③Idonotrememberallthedetails.I__do__not__remember__any__of__the__details.④Sheisnotalwaysexcited.She__is__never__excited.(2018屆遼寧沈陽模擬)5月1日，高三(5)班的學(xué)生志愿者LiHua和ZhangFan去陽光敬老院(SunshineNursingHome)開展志愿者活動(送水果、打掃、聊天等)。假如你是校英語報的記者，請按下列要點用英語寫一則100～120個詞的新聞報道。1.時間、地點、任務(wù)、活動；2.老人們的反應(yīng)；3.簡短評論。注意：報道的標(biāo)題和記者姓名已給出(不計詞數(shù))。StudentVolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderlyOnMayDay,twostudentsfromClassFive,GradeThree,LiHuaandZhangFan,wenttoSunshineNursingHometodosomevoluntarywork.Whentheyarrived,theyreceivedawarmwele,andoutofrespect,theygavetheelderlyflowersandfruits.Then,theyimmediatelybegantowork.Firsttheycleanedthewindowsandthensweptthefloor.Aftereverythingwasfinished,LiHuaandZhangFansatintheyardandchattedwiththeelderlypeople.Whenitwastimeforthetwovolunteerstoleave,theelderlypeoplesaidtheyappreciatedtheirkindnessanditwassuchabeautifuldaythattheywouldrememberitforever.LiHuaandZhangFanwereveryhappybecausewhattheydidhasbroughtjoytoothersandenrichedtheirownlives.ByLiuYue,SchoolNewspaper1.標(biāo)題醒目：標(biāo)題中的關(guān)鍵詞是StudentVolunteers和Elderly。2.導(dǎo)語概括：導(dǎo)語陳述了事件的時間、地點、人物和內(nèi)容摘要。3.正文詳述：本段詳細(xì)描述了事件經(jīng)過。志愿者受到了老人們的歡迎。而從志愿者的諸多活動(送水果、打掃、聊天等)和老人們的反應(yīng)可以看出這次活動取得了很大成功。4.結(jié)語概括：最后，對此次志愿者活動進(jìn)行評價?？枷蛞辉谡Z法填空中設(shè)題1.(2017全國卷Ⅰ)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，______isnotgoodforthehealth.2.(2017全國卷Ⅲ)Sarah，______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.【答案】1.which考查定語從句。吃太多的脂肪和鹽對健康有害。句中含有定語從句，先行詞tohavetoomuchofboth，定語從句中缺少主語，因為是非限制性定語從句，所以用which引導(dǎo)。2．who考查定語從句。句中含有非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Sarah，故要用who。考向二在閱讀理解中考查“人和自然”話題(2016北京卷，B)SurvivingHurricaneSandy(颶風(fēng)桑迪)NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse.“It'stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial，”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie'sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh－risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan'tcontrolwhathappenstome，”Nataliesays.“ButIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie'schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedintroductionaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick'scollectionwasreplaced.Intheingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch－needsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars(創(chuàng)痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican'timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway，”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”1.WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound________.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB.herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering2.AccordingtoParagraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuild.B.Thepeopletrappedinhigh－risebuilding.C.Thevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivors.D.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople.3.HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.Shegavehertoystothekids.B.Shetookcareofyoungerchildren.C.ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelp.D.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform.4.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Littlepeoplecanmakeabigdifference.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.EastorWest,homeisbest.D.Technologyispower. 【語篇解讀】Natalie是一個14歲的孩子，她生活的地方遭到了颶風(fēng)桑迪的襲擊，受災(zāi)嚴(yán)重?？吹饺藗冊趲椭亦l(xiāng)重建，Natalie也加入了進(jìn)去，Natalie創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站來分享求助信息，幫助捐贈者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行為得到了社會的認(rèn)可和表揚。1．B段落大意題。A項未提及；根據(jù)第三段最后一句話可知，學(xué)校沒有搬走，而是暫時去Brooklyn上學(xué)，排除C；根據(jù)第三段第三句話排除D；根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知，他們的街區(qū)被颶風(fēng)毀了，故選B。2．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話可知，那些幫助Rockaway恢復(fù)重建的人給了Natalie鼓舞。故選A。3．D根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第一句話可知，Natalie創(chuàng)建了一個網(wǎng)站來分享和匹配求助信息和捐贈信息。故選D。4．A寫作意圖題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句話可知，Natalie的助人行為得到了社會的認(rèn)可和贊揚，說明小人物也可以有大作為，故選A。計策1：看標(biāo)點符號確定是否是定語從句計策2：若是定語從句就判斷從句類型計策3：看從句中缺少什么成分后選擇關(guān)系詞計策1：略讀定大意本文介紹了一個普通女孩所做的大事。略讀課文后可以得出以下判斷：主人公：Natalie身份：student颶風(fēng)前：luckytoliveinRockaway颶風(fēng)后：unluckytobeattackedhard(第1題答案)決定：help原因：menandwomenhelpingRockawayrecover(第2題答案)方式：createdawebsite(第3題答案)結(jié)果：成功(第4題答案)計策2：細(xì)讀找出處通過再次速讀文章會發(fā)現(xiàn)：第2段第2句：Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.呈現(xiàn)了本來在這里幸福生活的Natalie和她的鄰居們遭遇到的前所未有的打擊，與第1題的B項中的herneighborhoodwasdestroyed吻合。第4段第一句話Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.說明正是那些救助Rockaway的人們鼓舞了Natalie，讓她有了一個大膽的想法，與第2題的A項的ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuild吻合。第7段第1句話Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.說明Natalie覺得通過利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓更多的人幫助受災(zāi)者，而網(wǎng)站的性質(zhì)也有“廣而告之”的功能，與第3題的D項的Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform表述吻合。第一段第一句話NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.說明Natalie本來是一個普通的紐約女孩，但是她的大膽設(shè)想和努力付出幫助了更多需要幫助的人，而倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.說明她的付出得到了認(rèn)可和贊揚，說明她做到了“人小鬼大”。計策3：了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能文章中的website和第3題中的informationsharingplatform有異曲同工之妙，是考生應(yīng)該了解的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基本常識。一、詞匯拓展1.quaken.震動→__earthquake__n.地震2.nationn.民族；國家；國民→__national__adj.民族的3.dirtn.污垢；泥土→__dirty__adj.臟的nationalholiday國慶日4.suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→__suffering__n.苦難；痛苦5.extremeadj.極度的→__extremely__adv.極度地6.injurevt.損害；傷害→__injury__n.損害7.survivevi.幸免；幸存；生還→__survivor__n.幸存者；生還者；殘存物→__survival__n.幸存8.usen.用途vt.使用→__usage__n.用法→__useless__adj.無用的；無效的；無益的→__useful__adj.有用的9.shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動n.休克；打擊；震驚→__shocked__adj.震驚的→__shocking__adj.令人震驚的10.electricadj.電的→__electrical__adj.與電有關(guān)的，用電的→__electronic__adj.電子的→__electricity__n.電；電流11.minen.礦；礦山；礦井→__miner__n.礦工12.reportvt.報道→__reporter__n.記者13.frightenvt.使驚嚇；嚇?！鷂_frightened__adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的→__frightening__adj.令人恐懼的14.congratulatevt.祝賀→__congratulation__n.祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞15.judgen.裁判員；法官vt.斷定；判斷；判決→__judgment__n.裁判；判斷16.sincereadj.真誠的；真摯的→__sincerely__adv.真誠地；真摯地17.expressvt.表示；表達(dá)n.快車；速遞→__expression__n.詞語；表示；表達(dá)18.cyclevi.騎自行車→__cyclist__n.騎自行車的人→__bicycle__n.自行車→__recycle__vt.回收利用；再利用二、單句語法填空1.Theflood__destroyed__(destroy)alotofhousesandmanypeoplebecamehomeless.2.After__electricity__(electric)wascutoff,thelightswentout.disaster,calamity和catastrophe這三個詞均可指不幸的災(zāi)難。3.__Disasters__(disaster)alwaysesuddenlyandcausealotofdamage.4.The__frightened__(frighten)girlwasspeechlessaftershesawtheterriblescene.5.Acaraccidenthappenedwithtwopeoplekilledandoneseriously__injured__(injure)．6.St.Petersburgwasalmostin__ruins__(ruin)afteritwasunderattackfor900daysbytheGermans.7.Therescueworkersputupalotoftentssothatthehomelesssurvivorscouldbe__sheltered__(shelter)．8.Pleasegivehimmy__congratulations__(congratulate)whenyouseehim.9.Theriver__burst__(burst)itsbanksandfloodedthevillage.10.Theywerebadly__shocked__(shock)bythenewsofherdeath.11.Thereare54studentsinhisclass,andone－thirdofthem__are__(be)girls.12.Her__injury__(injure)madeherretirefromtheStateDepartment.13.Luckilynoone__was__trapped__(trap)inaburninghouseyesterday.14.WangLinhadwonthefirstprizeinthe__national__(nation)examination.三、用短語的適當(dāng)形式填空digout，thinklittleof，atanend，rightaway,anumberof,thenumberof,inruins,begone,judgingfrom,burstintotears,findasheltertohideattheend在……的末尾beatanend完畢beatone'swit'send無法可想1.Failingagaindoesn'tmeant