2025版中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課件 專題2 動(dòng)詞

試題精練考點(diǎn)精講專題二動(dòng)詞第2部分語(yǔ)法突破一、詞法考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)

動(dòng)詞的基本用法一、動(dòng)詞的基本形式基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例動(dòng)詞原形用在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、不定式符號(hào)to等之后以及祈使句句首①Hecanborrowmybike.他可以借我的自行車。②Openthedoor,please.請(qǐng)開門。

基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例第三人稱單數(shù)①一般情況下直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-sread→reads,come→________，say→________②以字母ch,sh,s,x,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加-eswatch→watches,teach→_______,go→________③以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加-escarry→carries,fly→________，try→________④不規(guī)則變化have→has,be→iscomes

says

teaches

goes

flies

tries

基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例動(dòng)詞-ing形式①一般情況下直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ingborrow→borrowing(2024.46),work→working(2023.59),sell→________(2024.57)②以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加-inghave→having(2020.60),come→coming,write→________selling

writing

基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例動(dòng)詞-ing形式③以字母ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y加-ing(初中共三個(gè))die→dying,lie→________，tie→________④以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ingget→getting,run→________lying

tying

running

基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例過去式和過去分詞①一般情況下直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-edremember→remembered→remembered(2024.45),need→________→________(2024.60)，want→________→________②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加-dplace→placed→placed(2023.42),decide→________→________(2023.65)③以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i加-edstudy→studied→studied，worry→________→________needed

needed

wanted

wanted

decided

decided

worried

worried

基本形式位置/構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例過去式和過去分詞④以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-eddrop→dropped→dropped,stop→________→________(2024.52,2023.44)⑤不規(guī)則變化(更多詳見《早讀材料》)have→had,get→gotstopped

stopped

1．Attentionplease!Thetestis_____________(begin).Theremustbenotalk.2．Everyyearinspring,Shirleyalways_________(fly)kiteswithhercousin.3．AliceisfromGermany.She___________(teach)Germaninajuniorhighschool.4．Thedeliciousfoodintherestaurantoften___________(remind)themanofhishometown.beginning

flies

teaches

reminds

5．MrJohnson_________(move)toKaifengattheageof20andhaslivedthereeversincethen.6．Sowhileyouwere____________(sleep),I__________(call)Jennyandshehelpedme.(RJ八下U5)7．Ienjoy___________(write)letters.Ithinkit’sagoodwayto_______________(communicate)withothers.8．(2024瀘州改編)—Rebecca,haveyou___________(plan)whattodothisSaturday?—Notyet.Imay____________(volunteer)attheoldpeople’shome.moved

sleeping

called

writing

communicate

planned

volunteer

二、助動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞分類用法常見詞舉例助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞本身無(wú)實(shí)際意義，不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示否定、疑問、時(shí)態(tài)或其他語(yǔ)法形式；也可以用作替代詞，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。am,is,are,was,were,isn’t,aren’t,wasn’t,weren’tMylittlegirlwasplayingaroundme.我的小女兒當(dāng)時(shí)正在我身旁玩耍。(2020.66)do,does,did,don’t,doesn’t，didn’tWhatdidyoudolastSunday?上周日你干了什么？will,would,won’t,has,have,hasn’t,haven’tWillyougotoLuoyangtomorrow？你明天去洛陽(yáng)嗎？分類用法常見詞舉例系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞的詞義不完整，不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，其后必須跟表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征或身份，且沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一是(be)，二似乎(seem/appear),三保持(keep/stay/remain),四變(get/turn/become/go)，五感官(look/sound/taste/smell/feel)①Itisimportanttotellthetruth.講真話很重要。(2024.66)②Whenautumncomes,daysgetshorter.當(dāng)秋天來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，白天變短了。③Themountainlookssobeautiful.這座山看起來(lái)很漂亮。根據(jù)句意，用合適的助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞填空。9．Myhometown_______changedalotovertheyears.10．Thecolouroftheleavesgradually_________yellowinautumn.11．Ifit____________raintomorrow,myfriendCarlwillgotothezoowithme.has

turns

doesn’t

12．(2024廣西改編)Thechickensoup_____________reallygood.I’dliketodrinkmore.13．(2024天津改編)—JaneandI_______goingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.Wouldyouliketocomewithus?—Sure.Seeyouthen.tastes/is

are

三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，必須和動(dòng)詞原形連用，表示說話人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)。在形式上，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化(haveto除外)，有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)的變化，如must。1．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例can(否定式為can’t)①表示能力，意為“能；會(huì)”。②表示許可，常用于熟人或平輩之間。③表示請(qǐng)求。①IcanspeakEnglishwell.我能說好英語(yǔ)。②Youcanplaybasketballtoday.你今天可以打籃球。③—Canyoucometoseeme？你能來(lái)看我嗎？—Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.是的，我可以。/不，我不能。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例could(否定式為couldn’t)①用于禮貌地向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆蠡蛘?qǐng)求，一般向長(zhǎng)輩、父母、老師等詢問。②可用于提出建議，比can更委婉。①Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你可以打掃一下你的房間嗎？(RJ八下U3)②Maybeyoucoulddomorejobsaroundthehouse.也許你可以在家里多做點(diǎn)事。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例may(否定式為maynot)①表示許可，意為“可以”。②表示可能性，意為“也許；可能”。①—MayIsithere？我可以坐在這里嗎？—Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t/can’t.是的，你可以。/不，你不可以。②Imaybelate,sodon’twaitforme.我可能會(huì)遲到，所以不要等我了。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例might①may的過去式。②表示請(qǐng)求、許可，比may更含蓄、委婉。①Heaskedifhemightgohome.他問他是否可以回家了。②MightIsithere?我可以坐在這里嗎？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例must(否定式為mustn’t)/haveto①must意為“必須”，mustn’t意為“禁止”。②must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法，haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。③在回答以must開頭的一般疑問句時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’thaveto。

①Imustfinishmyhomeworkfirst.我必須先完成自己的家庭作業(yè)。②Momisout,sohehastolookafterhislittlesister.媽媽出去了，所以他不得不照看他妹妹。③—Mustshegonow?現(xiàn)在她必須要走嗎？—Yes,shemust./No,sheneedn’t/doesn’thaveto.是的，她必須走。/不，她不必。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例need(否定式為needn’t)意為“需要”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。Youneedn’tcomesoearly.你不必這么早來(lái)。shall用于主語(yǔ)是第一人稱的疑問句中，表示提出或征求意見。ShallItakeyoutothehospital?我送你去醫(yī)院好嗎？(課標(biāo)八上U2)should(否定式為shouldn’t)意為“應(yīng)該”，表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)或推測(cè)，也可表示勸告或建議。Youshouldbrushyourteethtwiceaday.你應(yīng)該一天刷兩次牙。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法舉例will/wouldwill用于主語(yǔ)是第二人稱的疑問句中，表示向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求；would表示過去的意愿，在一般疑問句中使用時(shí)比will更委婉。①Willyoupleasetellmethewaytothezoo？你可以告訴我去動(dòng)物園的路嗎？②Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty？你愿意來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)嗎？hadbetter表示建議，意為“最好”，常用于hadbetter(not)dosth.句型中，意為“最好(不)做某事”。You’dbetterstayathome.你最好待在家里。2．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義及用法

must意為“一定；肯定”，表示非常有把握的肯定推測(cè)，用于肯定句中。could意為“很可能”，表推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣緩和，較委婉。may意為“有可能；也許”，表示把握不大的肯定推測(cè)，用于肯定句中。might表猜測(cè)，可能性比could小，語(yǔ)氣比may弱。can’t意為“不可能”，表否定猜測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈。如：①You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.你是湯姆的好朋友，因此你一定知道他最喜歡什么。②—Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?這周末你打算做什么？—I’mnotsure.Icould/may/mightgotovisitmygrandpa.我不確定。我可能去看望我的爺爺。③Jimcan’tbeintheroom.HehasgonetoZhengzhou.吉姆不可能在房間。他去鄭州了。注意

這幾個(gè)詞按照推測(cè)的可能性大小依次為：must＞could＞may＞might＞can’t。(

)14．(2024河北)—Look!IsthatgirlAlice?—No,it______beher.SheisonatourinBeijingnow.A．can B．can’tC．must D．mustn’t(

)15．(2024無(wú)錫)Shh...!Thisisalibrary.You______keepyourvoicedown.A．can B．can’tC．should D．shouldn’tB

C

(

)16．Accordingtothetrafficrules,childrenunder12______ridebicyclesontheroad.A．won’t B．needn’tC．mustn’t D．wouldn’t(

)17．(2024涼山州改編)It’sonlyfiveminutes’walkfromhere,soyou______takeabus.A．shouldn’t B．needn’tC．mustn’t D．can’tC

B

(

)18．(2024白銀)—You______beverytiredafterfinishingallofthosehardjobs.—Yes.I’lltakeadeeprestandmakemyselfcomfortable.A．may B．maynotC．must D．can’tC

考點(diǎn)

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2．一般過去時(shí)3．一般將來(lái)時(shí)4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)5．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)6．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)二、動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：1．被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成舉例一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)＋am/is/are＋doneTheirworks________still________bymanypeopletoday.他們的作品至今仍被許多人閱讀。(WY九上M7)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)＋was/were＋doneTheboycriedbecausethemoney___________topayforthemedicaltreatmentofhissickmother.男孩哭了，因?yàn)檫@筆錢需要被用來(lái)支付他生病的母親的醫(yī)療費(fèi)。(2024.60)are

read

wasneeded

構(gòu)成舉例一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)＋willbe＋done；主語(yǔ)＋am/is/aregoingtobe＋doneInthefuture,manydifficulttasks____________bysmartrobots.在未來(lái)，許多困難的任務(wù)將由智能機(jī)器人來(lái)做。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)＋情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can/may/should/could/…)＋be＋doneSixteen-year-olds________________togettheirearspierced.應(yīng)該允許十六歲的孩子穿耳洞。(RJ九全U7)willbedone

shouldbeallowed

2．使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況用法舉例不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。Thebuilding__________tenyearsago.這座建筑是十年前建造的。沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。Theseflowers_____________everyday.這些花每天都被澆水。wasbuilt

arewatered

用法舉例需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如果需要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，可用“by＋動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者”。Chinese__________bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來(lái)越多的人在說漢語(yǔ)。進(jìn)行客觀說明時(shí)，常采用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型：Itis/wassaid/reported＋that…“據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道……”。It’s__________thataboutthreehundredpeoplediedinthisearthquake.據(jù)報(bào)道，在這次地震中約有三百人遇難。isspoken

reported

3．主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的情況主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義舉例感官動(dòng)詞，如look,sound,smell,taste等，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)通常是物。Theskirt________goodonyou.你穿這條短裙很好看。read,write,wash,sell,open等作不及物動(dòng)詞，且表示主語(yǔ)(多為物)的某種屬性特征時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Thenewsmartphone_______verywell.這款新的智能手機(jī)賣得很好。looks

sells

主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義舉例在beworthdoing句型中，doing表示被動(dòng)意義。Thisfilmisworthseeing.這部電影值得一看。want/need/require＋doing＝want/need/require＋tobedone,其中tobedone是不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Mybikeisbroken.Itneeds______________________.我的自行車壞了。它需要修理。repairing/

toberepaired

(

)19．Ourschool______aspeechonhowtorecyclewastenextweek.A．holds B．hasheldC．washaving D．isgoingtohold(

)20．(2024福建改編)Thephotosarebeautiful.Iwonderwherethey______.A．willbetaken B．a(chǎn)retakingC．weretaken D．havetakenD

C

(

)21．(2024河北)Jennyisanearlybird.She______at6:00inthemorning.A．getsup B．gotup C．willgetup D．hasgotup(

)22．ManytouristsinHainan______thelaunchofTianzhou-7onJanuary17,2024．A．watch B．watchedC．a(chǎn)rewatching D．willwatchA

B

(

)23．(2024揚(yáng)州)Asweallknow,theYangtzeRiver______asa“motherriver”oftheChinesenation.A．knows B．knewC．isknown D．wasknownC

24．Thestorybook________(sell)wellandit’sreallyworth_________(read).25．Ifyourelatephysicstoyoureverydaylife,you____________(find)itveryinteresting.26．(2024揚(yáng)州改編)Look!Mysister_____________(set)thetable.Let’sgiveherahand.27．(2024河北改編)Alex______________(study)teaculturesincehecametoChinain2010．28．Learning______(be)alifelongjourneybecauseeveryday__________(bring)somethingnew.(RJ九全U1)sells

reading

willfind

issetting

hasstudied

is

brings

29．Mybrotheroftencametothefarmand__________manyapplesthere.30．Moretrees_________________nextyeartoprotectsoilfrombeingwashedawayonrainydays.correct

wait

pick

show

plantpicked

willbeplanted

31．Manymistakescan_______________ifyougooverthepaperforthesecondtime.32．I______________atthelightswhenIsawtheboyfalloffhisbike.(WY八上M8)33．Sofar,noscientificstudies_____________thatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.(RJ九全U13)becorrected

waswaiting

haveshown

考點(diǎn)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、動(dòng)詞不定式1．動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成2．動(dòng)詞不定式的基本用法成分用法舉例

賓語(yǔ)常接不定式作賓語(yǔ)(即“動(dòng)詞＋todosth.”)的動(dòng)詞有：afford,agree,continue,decide,expect,hope,like,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,want,try(2022.69),need等。①Issarandhisfrienddecidedtosolvetheproblemusingafunmethod.伊薩和他的朋友決定用一種有趣的方法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問題。(2022.59)②Shepretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.老師進(jìn)入教室時(shí)，她假裝在讀書。成分用法舉例

賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，還可用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，將真正的賓語(yǔ)即不定式后置。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常為：find,think,make等。Ifinditdifficulttogetalongwithhim.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與他相處。

“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。常見的疑問詞有who,what,when,where,which,how等，該結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句。Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.＝Idon’tknowhowIcanincreasemyreadingspeed.我不知道如何提高我的閱讀速度。(RJ九全U1)成分用法舉例

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常接“賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”(即“動(dòng)詞＋sb.＋todosth.”)的動(dòng)詞有：expect,tell,ask,warn,want,invite,allow,advise等。①Youcanalsoaskyourfriendstothinkaboutthequestion.你也可以讓你的朋友想想這個(gè)問題。(2024.70)②Becauseitallowspeopletogetclosertothem.因?yàn)檫@可以讓人們更接近它們。(WY八上M6)目的狀語(yǔ)不定式用作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示“為了……；以便……”。Wehadbetterstartearlytocatchthetrain.我們最好早點(diǎn)出發(fā)以便趕上火車。二、動(dòng)名詞1．動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成2．動(dòng)名詞的用法用法舉例作主語(yǔ)Talkingwithyouissuchagreathelp.和你談話真是大有幫助。作表語(yǔ)Hishobbyisplantingflowers.他的愛好是種花。作賓語(yǔ)ThankyoufortellingmesomethingabouttheMid-AutumnFestival.謝謝你告訴我關(guān)于中秋節(jié)的一些事情。作定語(yǔ)Iboughtsomereadingmaterials.我買了一些閱讀材料。3．?？嫉暮蠼觿?dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))avoiddoingsth.避免做某事enjoy/likedoingsth.喜歡做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事keepdoingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事considerdoingsth.考慮做某事practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事suggestdoingsth.建議做某事can’thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事

be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事succeedindoingsth.成功做某事havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事spend…(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)……做某事preferdoing…todoing…比起做……更喜歡做……注意

有些動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后既可用不定式(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)，又可用動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)，但意義差別較大，常考的這類動(dòng)詞有：34．Hesleptbadlyanddidn’tfeellike_________(eat).(RJ九全U11)35．Ican’tfindmyumbrella,butIremember__________(put)ithere.36．Iwant__________(join)anInternetgrouptotalkaboutbasketballwithothers.37．I’mlookingforwardto_________(go)backtoschoolnow.(WY八下M6)eating

putting

tojoin

going

38．_____________(listen)tosoftmusiccanhelpmerelaxmyselfandfallasleepfaster.39．(2024云南改編)Ourheadmasterwillinviteascientist__________(give)usaspeechonspacetechnology.40．(2024涼山州改編)Expertsadviseteenagerstostayawayfromelectronicproducts_____________(protect)theireyesight.Listening

togive

toprotect

1．動(dòng)詞在完形填空中的應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞詞義辨析是河南中考完形填空的必考點(diǎn)。近幾年河南中考?？嫉膭?dòng)詞如下：?？紕?dòng)詞

A/Badvise建議add添加agree同意answer回答believe相信borrow借break打破bring帶來(lái)burn燃燒buy買Ccatch抓住care照顧choose選擇clean打掃control控制cook烹飪cough咳嗽create創(chuàng)造cry哭cut切常考動(dòng)詞

Ddecide決定discover發(fā)現(xiàn)discuss討論divide分開drink喝drive駕駛drop下降Eenjoy享受examine考查；檢查；測(cè)驗(yàn)expect期待explain解釋express表達(dá)F/G/Hfinish完成force迫使forget忘記greet打招呼guide引導(dǎo)hear聽見；聽說help幫助hold持有；抓住?？紕?dòng)詞

I/K/Limagine想象introduce介紹invite邀請(qǐng)keep保持know知道laugh笑leave離開lose失去；丟失M/O/Pmanage管理make制造meet遇見offer提供order命令；點(diǎn)(酒菜等)

place放置plan計(jì)劃practise練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練praise贊揚(yáng)promise承諾Rraise撫養(yǎng)；舉起read閱讀realize意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)refuse拒絕regret遺憾remember記住repair修理reply回答rest休息?？紕?dòng)詞

Ssee看見send寄serve服務(wù)；提供shake搖動(dòng)；顫抖share分享shout喊叫show展現(xiàn)sing唱sleep睡覺smile微笑stop停止；阻止support支持Ttake拿走；攜帶talk討論tell告訴throw扔tie系turn轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向U/Wunderstand理解warn警告wish希望wonder想知道河南中考完形填空主要是通過語(yǔ)境推斷來(lái)考查動(dòng)詞。例1

(2024.46)Herememberedhehadleftthemonhisdesk,buttheyweregone.HislittlebrotherAndywasalways

46

histhings—withoutasking.A．repairing B．cleaningC．breaking D．borrowing【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)“Herememberedhehadleftthemonhisdesk,buttheyweregone.”可知，弗蘭克記得自己之前把耳機(jī)放在了桌子上，但耳機(jī)現(xiàn)在不見了。因此，根據(jù)挖空處上句及所在句語(yǔ)境可知，弗蘭克的弟弟總會(huì)不經(jīng)過哥哥同意，就拿走哥哥的東西。故選D。(2024涼山州改編)Oneday,Tonytoldalietohismother.Thatnighthefeltveryupsetandunhappy.Hedidnotgoouttoplaywithhisfriends.Hesatonthedoorstepwithhisheaddown.Whenhe

41

inthesky,themoon

wasstillbig,roundandbright.(

)41．A．lookedup B．lookeddown C．lookedback D．lookedaheadA

Butitdidn’tsmileathimasusual,itwaslaughingathim.Tonythoughtthemoon

42

knowabouthislie.Hewassoscared.Heranalongthestreettogetawayfromit,butthemoonkept

43

him.Finally,herushedintothehouseandwenttobed.Themoonlookedathimthroughthewindow.(

)42．A．would B．must C．shall D．need(

)43．A．fighting B．helping C．following D．believingB

C

Tonypulledthequiltto

44

hishead,buthecouldnotfallasleep.Thenhehidunderthebedandstartedthinkingaboutthelieoverandoveragain.Atlast,hetoldhismotherallaboutitand

45

herthathewouldnevertellalie.Hewenttobedagainandfellasleepsoon.Themoonnoddedtohimwithabigsmileinhisdream.(

)44．A．shake B．cover C．touch D．hurt(

)45．A．offered B．showed C．proved D．promisedB

D

2．動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)篇填空第一節(jié)中的應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞是河南語(yǔ)篇填空第一節(jié)的必考點(diǎn)。針對(duì)該題型，考生首先要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定空格處所填的是哪個(gè)動(dòng)詞，再判斷所填動(dòng)詞的形式。主要判斷方法如下：(1)填動(dòng)詞原形①動(dòng)詞位于助動(dòng)詞(do/does/did)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及其否定形式之后；②動(dòng)詞位于不定式符號(hào)to之后；③在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，主語(yǔ)非第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形；④一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will/shall/begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形；⑤動(dòng)詞與并列連詞連接，且另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞為原形。例2

(2022.59)Issarandhisfrienddecidedto59．______(solve)theproblemusingafunmethod.【解析】根據(jù)“decidetodosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞solve位于不定式符號(hào)to之后，故填原形solve。(2)填動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的常見情況如下：①可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)；②不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)；③he/she/it/this/that作主語(yǔ)；④復(fù)合不定代詞、疑問代詞作主語(yǔ)；⑤單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)。(3)填動(dòng)詞過去式在一般過去時(shí)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用過去式。判斷方法有：①根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和時(shí)態(tài)判斷；②有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)志詞。例3(2024.62)Whenacoincreatedanoilbloom(油花)inthewater,Bao62．______(catch)themanwhodroppedthecoinandtoldeveryonethathestoletheboy’scoins.【解析】分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格所在句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，catch需充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其人稱和數(shù)必須與主語(yǔ)保持一致。根據(jù)下文提示詞andtold及語(yǔ)境可知，catch的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，故填過去式caught。(4)填動(dòng)詞過去分詞①被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞be(am/is/are/was/were)＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞；②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：助動(dòng)詞have(has)＋過去分詞；③固定搭配。例4

(2024.60)Theboycriedbecausethemoneywas60．______(need)topayforthemedicaltreatmentofhissickmother.【解析】分析空格所在句句意“這筆錢需要被用來(lái)支付他生病的母親的醫(yī)療費(fèi)”可知，主語(yǔ)money是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以該句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即“was＋過去分詞”，故該空填動(dòng)詞need的過去分詞needed。(5)填動(dòng)詞-ing形式①現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：助動(dòng)詞be(am/is/are)＋動(dòng)詞-ing形式；②過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：助動(dòng)詞be(was/were)＋動(dòng)詞-ing形式；③動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。例5

(2024.57)Ayoungboymadealivingby57．______(sell)frieddoughsticks(油條)inthemarket.【解析】根據(jù)“by＋動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空作介詞by的賓語(yǔ)，故填動(dòng)詞sell的動(dòng)名詞形式selling。(2024武漢改編)Marchisagreattimetoenjoytheunusualflowersofthebutterbur(蜂斗菜).Thisplantis46．_______acrossmostoftheUK.Andit47．________use

have

see

like

reachseen

wetplacesnearrivers.Somepeoplethinkthatbutterburislikeatoiletbrush.Whentheflowersopen,theyhavewhiteonthem.Thentheheart-shapedleavesappear.Theyarehugeandcan48．_________uptoonemeteracross.Inthepast,thebutterbur49．_______manyuses.Itscoolleaveswere50．________totreatheadaches.likes

reach

had

used

3．動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)篇填空第二節(jié)中的應(yīng)用河南語(yǔ)篇填空第二節(jié)主要考查助動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to以及系動(dòng)詞be的形式。例6

(2024.70)Youcanalsoaskyourfriends70．________thinkaboutit.Theiranswersmightbefun!【解析】根據(jù)“asksb.todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空應(yīng)填不定式符號(hào)to。例7

(2024.66)We’resupposedtokeepinmindthatit66．________importanttotellthetruth.【解析】根據(jù)“itisimportanttodosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空應(yīng)填系動(dòng)詞is。Twostudentsaresharingstoriesabouttheirhobbies.Alice,14I’malwaysaspaceshipfan.Ibelievewe51．____________workandliveinthespacestationoneday.Inmysparetime,Ienjoymakingdifferenttypesofmodelspaceship.Itgivesmemuchpleasure.There52．_______manylessonsonlinewhichhelpmealot.will/can

are

LiWei,15Keepingchickensathome53．______becomingpopular.InMay,Ibought10chickeneggsandahatchingmachine(孵化器).Afterabout20days,thefirstchickcameout.Itwassoweak.Ididn’tknowhowtocareforthelittlechicks,soIaskedmymother54．______givemeahand.Theexperienceishelpfulforme55．______takecareoflivingthings.is

to

to

試題精練從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空。每詞限用一次。

1．WhenIlookedbackatmyhappydays,Icouldn’thelp__________.2．AtthebeginningofOctober,theGreensare__________forBeijing.3．WhereverIgo,nothingcan____________mefrommymotherland.laughing

win

wear

visit

laugh

can

be

separate

leave

build

attendleaving

separate

4．Todaymoreandmorebuildings__________inanenvironment-friendlyway.5．Thenumberofwomenteachersinourschool______gettingbiggerandbigger.6．(2024常州改編)I_______________YanchengParkseveraltimes,soIknowalotaboutit.7．Peoplemust_______helmets(頭盔)whentheyridee-bikesaccordingtothetrafficrules.arebuilt

is

havevisited

wear

8．(2024無(wú)錫改編)Doyoumindturningdownthemusic?Iam_____________anonlinemeetingnow.9．(2024牡丹江改編)You_______haveabetterunderstandingofChineseculturebylearningaboutChineseclayart.10．(2024樂山改編)Alex_______thefirstprizeinthecity’sinventioncompetitionformiddleschoolstudentslastmonth.attending

can

won

一、完形填空(2024長(zhǎng)春改編)WhenourschoolstartedanewTaiChiClub,myfriendsuggestedthatwejoinit.Ithoughthewas

1

.Ialwaysbelievedtaichiwasforoldpeople.(

)1．A．joking B．waitingC．reading D．explainingA

However,afterthefirstclass,I

2

thatIwaswrong.Itwasamazing.Taichiledtoabig

3

bothinmybodyandmind.(

)2．A．forgot B．dreamed C．required D．realized(

)3．A．decision B．problem C．change D．loveD

C

Istillremembermyfirstfewtaichiclasses.ThebasicskillIlearnedwaskeepingabalance.Anactionwascalled“goldenrooster(公雞)standingononeleg”.Followingtheinstructions,I

4

tostandononeleg.Itseemedthatitwasnotahardone,

5

Istillfailedmanytimes.(

)4．A．a(chǎn)fforded B．tried C．refused D．a(chǎn)greed(

)5．A．so B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．sinceB

C

Soon,Ifeltboredand

6

frompracticingoverandoveragain.Istartedto

7

myself.(

)6．A．lazy B．tired C．a(chǎn)fraid D．hungry(

)7．A．thank B．praise C．doubt D．controlB

C

MaybeIwasreallyweakinthiskindofexerciseanditwastimeto

8

.Justthen,mycoachtaughtmehowtorelaxmyself.Stepbystep,Imade

9

.

(

)8．A．wakeup B．giveup C．showup D．standup(

)9．A．food B．money C．noise D．progressB

D

Later,Iwasabletodomoredifficult

10

andfeelpeaceofmindaswell.Mylovefortaichibecame

11

.IevenwantedtolookintotheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.(

)10．A．sports B．exercises C．plans D．a(chǎn)ctions(

)11．A．strong B．quiet C．strange D．importantD

A

Idiscoveredtaichiis

12

fromChineseyinandyang.Thepracticeofithelpstokeepabalancethrough

13

:leftandright,upanddown,breathinginandbreathingout…Finally,taichibringsaboutastate(狀態(tài))ofbodybalanceandmindpeace.(

)12．A．recently B．deeply C．suddenly D．hardly(

)13．A．habits B．chances C．a(chǎn)bilities D．oppositesB

D

NowIcanhonestlysayithelpsmebecomemuch

14

.Isleepbetteratnight,andIammoreactiveduringtheday.Moreimportantly,practicingtaichihasmademebetter

15

theChineseculture.IamsureIwillcontinuetopract