2025屆中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件（外研版廣西專用）02-一、詞類-專題一 名詞

詞類用法例詞名詞（n.）表示人或事物的名稱pencil，people，fruit，tennis動詞（v.）表示動作或狀態(tài)be（am，is，are），have，like形容詞（adj.）用于修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的特征happy，red，difficult，busy詞類用法例詞副詞（adv.）用于修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或整個句子always，happily代詞（pron.）用于代替名詞以及起名詞作用的短語、分句或句子等we，that，hers，what續(xù)表詞類用法例詞介詞（prep.）表示名詞、代詞等與句中其他詞的關(guān)系in，on，under，of冠詞（art.）用于名詞前，幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物a，an，the續(xù)表詞類用法例詞數(shù)詞（num.）表示數(shù)量或順序six，thirteen，first，twentieth連詞（conj.）用于連接詞與詞、短語與短語或句與句and，or，but，because，when續(xù)表第二部分

語法知識精講練一、詞類專題一

名詞知識必備

名詞的位置及其常見的句法功能句法功能位置例句作主語句首The

dress

belongs

to

me.作賓語動詞后I

bought

this

dress.介詞后I’m

interested

in

music.作表語系動詞后I

am

a

student.作定語名詞前We

are

discussing

the

population

problem.句法功能位置例句作同位語名詞（短語）或代詞后Jack，my

good

friend，is

very

kind.作賓語補足語名詞（短語）或代詞后We

call

them

mooncakes.續(xù)表考點1

名詞詞義辨析（單項選擇：6年6考；完形填空：6年14考）

解答名詞詞義辨析類試題時，首先要明確各個名詞的含義，然后分析語境，找出關(guān)鍵詞或前后的邏輯關(guān)系，確定正確答案。熟記各個名詞的含義是正確解答此類試題的關(guān)鍵。真題探究（2024廣西32題）Jimmy

likes

reading，so

he

often

goes

to

the

bookstore

to

buy

some

___.CA.

rulers

B.

bags

C.

books【方法點撥】第①步：分析語境：吉米喜歡閱讀，所以他經(jīng)常去書店買____；第②步：分析選項：rulers

尺子；bags

包；books

書；第③步：根據(jù)likes

reading和bookstore可知吉米應(yīng)該經(jīng)常去書店買書，books符合語境。1.（2023廣西34題）My

mother

is

a

________

in

Zhongshan

Hospital.

She

has

saved

many

people’s

lives.(

)

BA.

singer

B.

doctor

C.

writer2.（2022北部灣經(jīng)濟區(qū)34題）—Mary，how

about

going

to

the

________?—Good

idea.

We

can

read

lots

of

books

there.(

)

BA.

cinema

B.

library

C.

hospital3.（2021北部灣經(jīng)濟區(qū)33題改編）—What’s

your

favourite

sport?—I

like

________.(

)

CA.

maths

B.

spring

C.

tennis4.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟區(qū)32題改編）—Which

fruit

do

you

like?—I

like

________

.(

)

BA.

stamps

B.

apples

C.

eggs5.（2019北部灣經(jīng)濟區(qū)34題改編）In

China，the

color

red

is

the

________

of

good

luck.(

)

CA.

dream

B.

way

C.

symbol6.（2024牡丹江）You

can

have

a

better

understanding

of

Chinese

________

by

learning

about

Chinese

clay

art.(

)

CA.

dream

B.

courage

C.

culture7.（2024福建）It

is

a

good

________

to

do

some

reading

before

you

go

to

bed

every

day.(

)

AA.

habit

B.

excuse

C.

result8.（2024江西改編）I

like

acting

and

I’m

in

the

________

group

at

school.(

)

AA.

theater

B.

chess

C.

speech9.（2024長春改編）My

birthday

________

is

a

toy

panda.

It’s

from

my

grandma.(

)

CA.

trip

B.

month

C.

gift10.（2024欽州三模）—I

like

the

________

named

The

World

of

English

very

much.—Me，too.

I

have

read

it

for

many

years.(

)

BA.

program

B.

magazine

C.

movie11.—What

________

did

the

young

man

learn?—Never

stop

learning，even

after

college.(

)

CA.

tradition

B.

service

C.

lesson12.—How

is

the

________

outside?—It

is

raining.

You

need

to

take

an

umbrella.(

)

BA.

traffic

B.

weather

C.

food13.—The

movie

is

popular

with

the

students.

Do

you

know

the

________?—It

tells

the

real

life

of

the

students.(

)

BA.

result

B.

reason

C.

choice14.—What

is

the

________

to

your

excellent

spoken

English?—Practice

makes

perfect!(

)

AA.

secret

B.

idea

C.

ability15.—Could

you

tell

me

the

________

of

making

such

a

beautiful

kite?—Well，Dad

helped

me

make

it.(

)

BA.

time

B.

method

C.

cost16.—Would

you

like

some

________?—No，thanks.

I’m

not

hungry

at

all.(

)

BA.

water

B.

bread

C.

pictures17.Linda

is

excited

about

the

________

to

the

concert.

She

really

loves

piano

pieces.(

)

AA.

ticket

B.

dream

C.

story考點2

名詞的數(shù)（2023-2024選詞填空：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)3次，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)2次）?可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞

類別定義特點可數(shù)名詞能用數(shù)目來計算，可以分成個體的人或物1.有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，如：desk→desks；2.前面可用基數(shù)詞、不定冠詞（a/an）及many等詞修飾，如：three

boys，an

apple，many

students；類別定義特點可數(shù)名詞能用數(shù)目來計算，可以分成個體的人或物3.只修飾可數(shù)名詞的修飾語：a/an一個

this

這個

that

那個

these這些

those

那些

every/each

每個another另一個any

other

其他任何一個many（a）

很多quite

a

few很多

few幾乎沒有a

few一些；幾個

a

couple

of兩個

a

pair

of

一雙several幾個a

number

of若干；許多續(xù)表類別定義特點不可數(shù)名詞不能用數(shù)目來計算，不可以分成個體的東西1.沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：tea，courage；2.不可以被基數(shù)詞或不定冠詞（a/an）直接修飾；3.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語：little幾乎沒有

a

little少量

a

bit

of有一點兒much很多a

great

deal

of很多a

large

amount

of大量的續(xù)表拓展：1.有一些修飾語既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，常見的有：some一些

a

lot

of很多

lots

of很多

plenty

of充足的most大多數(shù)

all全部

the

rest

of剩下的2.不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達具體的量數(shù)詞/a/an+表數(shù)量的名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞，如：two

pieces

of

paper大概的量表示數(shù)量的限定詞（some，much，a

little/little，a

lot

of/lots

of，plenty

of等）+不可數(shù)名詞，如：some

water；

a

little

money3.有一些名詞既可以作可數(shù)名詞，也可以作不可數(shù)名詞，但含義不同，常見的有：名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)chicken雞雞肉orange橙子橙汁exercise練習(xí)題；操鍛煉radio收音機無線電傳送experience經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗room房間空間名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)glass玻璃杯玻璃time次數(shù)；倍數(shù)時間life生命；一生（泛指）生物wood樹林木頭；木材light電燈光；光線work作品工作續(xù)表?可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的變化表

可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，在表示大于1的數(shù)量時，名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成方法示例一般情況加-ssign→signs

goal→goals以字母s，x，sh，ch等結(jié)尾的詞加-esclass→classes

box→boxes

brush→brushes

watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachs

month→months情況構(gòu)成方法示例以y結(jié)尾的詞元音字母加y：加-skey→keys

monkey→monkeys

holiday→holidays輔音字母加y：先變y為i,再加-esparty→parties

baby→babies

story→stories

family→families續(xù)表2.

不規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法示例元音字母發(fā)生變化改a為e型man→menwoman→women特例：German→Germanshuman→humans構(gòu)成方法示例元音字母發(fā)生變化改oo

為ee型foot→feet

tooth→teeth單復(fù)數(shù)同形sheep→sheep續(xù)表構(gòu)成方法示例合成詞將主體詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)passer-by→passers-by表示“……國人”單復(fù)數(shù)同形Chinese→Chinese

Japanese→Japanese詞尾加-sGerman→Germans

American→Americans變man為menEnglishman→Englishmen

Frenchman→Frenchmen其他特殊形式mouse（老鼠）→mice

child→children續(xù)表?集合名詞集合名詞常分為以下兩類：1.形式為單數(shù)，但意義可以為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，如：family，team，group，class，government，army，audience等。當(dāng)它們作主語時，如果強調(diào)一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強調(diào)集體中的每一個成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.形式為單數(shù)，但意義永遠為復(fù)數(shù)，如：people，police等。這類詞只有單數(shù)形式，但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，不與a/an連用，可與the連用，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.My

teacher

gives

me

much

________

on

improving

English

speaking

skills.(

)

CA.

problem

B.

suggestions

C.

advice2.—Do

you

like

________?—Yes，I

like

them

very

much.(

)

AA.

tomatoes

B.

milk

C.

strawberry3.—How

many

________

are

there

on

the

shelf?—Three.(

)

BA.

dictionary

B.

dictionaries

C.

dictionarys4.—What

else

do

we

need

to

make

cold

beef?—________.(

)

CA.

Two

spoons

saltB.

Two

spoons

of

saltsC.

Two

spoons

of

salt5.All

________

received

fresh

flowers

on

Women’s

Day.(

)

CA.

woman

teachers

B.

women

teacher

C.

women

teachers6.I

have

a

happy

family.

My

family

________

nice

to

me.(

)

BA.

is

B.

are

C.

were考點3

名詞所有格?’s所有格類別構(gòu)成方法示例有生命的單數(shù)名詞加’smy

son’s

pen

Lily’s

friends有生命的復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾加’the

teachers’

office不以s結(jié)尾加’swomen’s

work表示幾個人共同擁有在最后一個名詞后加’sTom

and

Jim’s

room類別構(gòu)成方法示例表示每個人各自擁有在每個名詞后加’sMike’s

and

John’s

desks表示時間、距離、國家等的名詞單數(shù)加’san

hour’s

walk

China’s

products復(fù)數(shù)加’five

minutes’

walk續(xù)表1.“基數(shù)詞+連字符+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”

一般用作定語修飾名詞，它相當(dāng)于“基數(shù)詞+名詞所有格”。如：a

two-day

trip=a

two

days’

trip兩天的旅行。2.在表示“店鋪”“某某家”“診所”“辦公室”的名詞所有格后，一般省去被修飾的表示地點的名詞。如：at

the

doctor’s在醫(yī)生辦公室；go

to

my

uncle’s去我叔叔家。3.

很多節(jié)日的表達用’s或s’所有格形式。如：Teachers’

Day教師節(jié)；Father’s

Day父親節(jié)。?of所有格

of所有格的構(gòu)成為：名詞+of+名詞，常見用法如下：用法示例表示無生命名詞的所有關(guān)系the

future

of

our

city表示名詞化的形容詞（the+形容詞）的所有關(guān)系the

future

of

the

young表示后跟定語的有生命名詞的所有關(guān)系the

future

of

the

boy

in

red?雙重所有格

雙重所有格主要表示整體中的一部分，有兩種形式：1.of+名詞’s，如：a

friend

of

my

father’s2.of+名詞性物主代詞，如：a

book

of

mine1.________

father

is

a

pilot.

He

has

been

to

many

countries

around

the

world.(

)

AA.

Tony

and

Peter’sB.

Tony’s

and

PeterC.

Tony’s

and

Peter’s2.—Do

you

know

David

is

my

cousin?—Yes，and

I

am

a

friend

of

________.

Nice

to

meet

you.(

)

CA.

he

B.

him

C.

his3.These

________

wish

is

to

improve

the

living

conditions

of

the

local

children.(

)

CA.

officers

B.

officer’s

C.

officers’4.The

online

shop

sells

________

shoes

at

very

low

prices.(

)

CA.

child

and

men’sB.

children

and

men’sC.

children’s

and

men’s專項提升——用名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（每年2-3道）

中考解讀：2023-2024廣西中考真題在選詞填空中考查用名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，考查情況如下：

解題技巧：解答此類試題，考生可參考以下步驟：

【注:鋪色內(nèi)容（不可數(shù)名詞、名詞所有格）近2年未考查過,但是不可數(shù)名詞、名詞所有格屬于名詞常考類,考生在確定符合該語境的詞是名詞后,若該名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，且作主語、賓語、表語等，填原形；若設(shè)空處表示“……的”，應(yīng)考慮是否填名詞所有格】技巧一：如何判斷空處應(yīng)用名詞還是名詞所有格?用名詞的情況1.位于句首，在句中作主語。如：

English

is

my

favorite

subject.。2.位于動詞或介詞后作賓語。如：He

usually

goes

to

school

by

bike.。3.位于形容詞后，在句中作主語、賓語或表語。如：What

an

interesting

book

it

is!。4.位于限定詞this，these，those，many，some，any，a

lot

of，every，the等后。如：She

likes

this

skirt

very

much.。5.位于數(shù)詞后。如：I

am

the

second

son

in

my

family.。6.其他情況：位于系動詞后作表語，冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞之后，名詞所有格及一些固定搭配中。如：A

boy

is

waiting

for

you

there.。?用名詞所有格的情況1.位于名詞前，表示“……的（所屬關(guān)系）”，如：This

is

that

boy’s

book.。2.用于固定搭配，如：

try

one’s

best。3.用于專有名詞，如：

Teachers’

Day。技巧二：如何判斷符合語境的名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞【詳見本冊P100】技巧三：如何判斷可數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式?填單數(shù)形式的情況1.a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。2.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+be

動詞單數(shù)形式/謂語動詞的單三形式。3.結(jié)合上下文語境或者句中對應(yīng)的提示詞。4.專有名詞。?填復(fù)數(shù)形式的情況1.many/some/several/few/a

few/these/those/quite

a

few/a

pair

of/a

couple

of/a（great/large）number

of/different

kinds

of/all

kinds

of等+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。2.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（主語）+are/were/have/實義動詞原形。3.上下文語境或句中對應(yīng)的提示詞，如：them，their。4.通常用復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞：chopsticks，clothes，glasses，scissors，socks，trousers。situation

form

population

suggestion1.Hainan

is

a

beautiful

place

with

a

small

___________.

The

air

there

is

clean

and

clear.2.Body

language

is

a______of

communication.

Shaking

one’s

head

means

disagreement

in

China.populationform3.____________

were

given

to

us

by

the

teacher

on

how

to

improve

our

speaking

skills.4.Before

the_________gets

worse，we

should

take

action

to

improve

it

at

once.Suggestionssituationsituation

form

population

suggestion名詞作定語時，其單復(fù)數(shù)的變化情況1.

被man/woman修飾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，須將該名詞和man/woman均變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：a

man

doctor→two

men

doctors

a

woman

teacher→two

women

teachers2.

被其他名詞修飾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，只需把該名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：a

girl

student→two

girl

studentsa

birthday

gift→two

birthday

gifts一、選詞填空基礎(chǔ)題novel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention1.（2024黑龍江改編）Last

winter

holiday，we

met

some

__________

in

Harbin.

They

liked

Harbin

so

much.Germans2.Lily

has

a

sweet

______.

Listen!

She

is

singing

in

the

next

room!3.Boys

and

girls，you’d

better

take

off

your________.

It’s

hot

on

the

train.voicejacketsnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention4.He

turned

his

_________

back

to

the

road

again，keeping

a

close

watch

on

the

traffic

ahead.5.I

spent

one________time

making

a

video

Mei

Lanfang

and

His

Hometown

to

take

part

in

“Tell

China’s

Stories”

competition.6.Written

between

1937

and

1949，The

Lord

of

the

Rings

is

one

of

the

best-selling_______ever

written.attentionnight’snovelsnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention7.If

you

meet

a

________

at

school，you

can

ask

your

teachers

for

help.8.The

film

shows

us

a

true

story

that

happened

three

__________ago.9.My

brother

likes

this________best.

That’s

because

he

thinks

it

is

quiet

there

and

he

enjoys

reading

there.10.If

people

want

to

take

different

kinds

of_______without

going

outside，AI

can

make

it

come

true

in

a

short

time.troublecenturieslibraryphotosnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention二、選詞填空tree

activity

idea

school

problemarticle

fun

teacher

year

festival

For

students

from

Songjiang

No.

1

High

School

in

Shanghai，one

of

the

best

times

of

their

school

days

must

be

the

Pomelo

（柚子）

Picking

Festival.

The

1.

________

has

created

lots

of

unforgettable

memories

for

the

students.

Do

you

know

how

it

came

out?festival

More

than

10

years

ago，the

teachers

in

that

2.

_______

planted

about

40

pomelo

tre