北京匯文中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題 含解析

2024高三東城匯文中學(xué)中期中試卷第一節(jié)完形填空Whenmostteenagershisagearepreparingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes,HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),decidestocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass____1____atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused.“Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(過度飽和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething____2____.”Sohepulledouthismom’soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?”Thatwasthe____3____ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany’sstrategicdecisionmakingand____4____hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer’smarketbeforegoingonlineand____5____,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)____6____point.Sincethenhehasgreatly____7____productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct____8____andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizedButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing____9____andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers’handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome,Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits_____10_____toothercountries.“Ilovebeinganentrepreneur.”concludedBurner.1.A.ran B.spotted C.decorate D.swept2.A.portable B.durable C.stable D.flexible3.A.mission B.advantage C.initiation D.performance4.A.killed B.invested C.balanced D.delayed5.A.hesitantly B.frequently C.eventually D.accidentally6.A.crucial B.temporary C.regular D.urgent7.A.slid B.poured C.packed D.expanded8.A.costs B.sizes C.offerings D.supplies9.A.placed B.deleted C.tracked D.shipped10.A.research B.wishes C.taste D.roots【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.D8.C9.A10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文的體裁是記敘文。通過敘述主人公HenryBurner克服閱讀障礙，從一個(gè)學(xué)校交易活動(dòng)出發(fā)，創(chuàng)立并發(fā)展Buttonsmith公司的經(jīng)歷，展示了個(gè)人奮斗、創(chuàng)新思維和企業(yè)成長的過程?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他10歲的時(shí)候，他的班級(jí)經(jīng)營了一個(gè)交易站，學(xué)生們?cè)谀抢镉糜矌刨I賣商品。A.ran經(jīng)營；B.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.decorated裝飾；D.swept掃除。根據(jù)后文的“atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.”可知，此處指班級(jí)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行的一種商業(yè)活動(dòng)，他的班級(jí)經(jīng)營了一個(gè)交易站。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們需要做一些持久的東西。A.portable便攜的；B.durable持久的；C.stable穩(wěn)定的；D.flexible靈活的。根據(jù)前文的“Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.”可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故選B。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，現(xiàn)在這家零售公司已經(jīng)有超過1萬種產(chǎn)品上市。A.mission使命；B.advantage優(yōu)勢；C.initiation起源；D.performance表演。根據(jù)前文的“WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?””可知，這里指的是Buttonsmith公司的開始或者起源。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了正常的學(xué)業(yè)，伯納還在公司的戰(zhàn)略決策中發(fā)揮了重要作用，并投入休息時(shí)間和周末為公司工作。A.killed殺死；B.invested投資，投入；C.balanced平衡；D.delayed延遲。根據(jù)后文的“hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.”可知，此處表示他將個(gè)人時(shí)間投入到公司工作中。故選B?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Buttonsmith從農(nóng)貿(mào)市場起步，之后轉(zhuǎn)到線上，最終開發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。A.hesitantly猶豫地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.eventually最終；D.accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)后文的“developingitsownwebsite”可知，此處應(yīng)填入表示最后結(jié)果的副詞，表示最終開發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。故選C?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在線銷售后，Buttonsmith的銷售額顯著上升，達(dá)到了數(shù)百萬人，這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。A.crucial關(guān)鍵的；B.temporary臨時(shí)的；C.regular常規(guī)的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)前文的“Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,”和后文的“Sincethenhehasgreatly____7____productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.”可知，銷售額的大幅提升，極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了產(chǎn)品線，對(duì)于公司來說是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，他極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了產(chǎn)品線，推出了許多讓人們能夠向世界表達(dá)自我的可負(fù)擔(dān)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。A.slid滑動(dòng)；B.poured傾倒；C.packed打包；D.expanded擴(kuò)展。根據(jù)后文的“productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproducts”可知，此處指產(chǎn)品線的增加和多樣化，因此“擴(kuò)展”最符合語境。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從紐扣開始，公司已經(jīng)多樣化其產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)，目前提供狗項(xiàng)圈、牽引繩、名片、橫幅等。A.costs成本；B.sizes尺寸；C.offerings供應(yīng)，產(chǎn)品；D.supplies物資。根據(jù)前文的“thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct”和后文的“andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.”可知，這里指的是公司提供的產(chǎn)品種類，所以使用“供應(yīng)”最為合適。故選C。【9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了領(lǐng)先于競爭對(duì)手，伯納優(yōu)化了Buttonsmith，使得訂單被下單后幾分鐘內(nèi)就能生產(chǎn)出定制產(chǎn)品。A.placed放置，下單；B.deleted刪除；C.tracked跟蹤；D.shipped運(yùn)輸。根據(jù)前文的“Buttonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing”可知，此處指客戶下單后快速生產(chǎn)。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在國內(nèi)創(chuàng)建了一家令人印象深刻零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定戰(zhàn)略，將其根基擴(kuò)展到其他國家。A.research研究；B.wishes愿望；C.taste品味；D.roots根源，根基。根據(jù)后文的“toothercountries.”可知，這里指公司業(yè)務(wù)或影響范圍的擴(kuò)大，Buttonsmith正在將其根基擴(kuò)展到其他國家。故選D。二、語法填空A語法填空Awhitetelephonebooth,knownasthePhoneoftheWind,____11____(sit)inagardenontopofahill.Though____12____(disconnect),thephoneservesasurprisingpurpose:helpingpeoplespeakoutwhattheyfeelembarrassedtosayinfrontofothers.Havingthoughtabouttheideaforalongtime,Sasakifinallybuiltthebooth,“Mythoughtscan’tberelayed____13____regularphoneline,soIwantthemtobecarriedonthewind.Ihopeotherscanalsoexpresstheirfeelingsinthesameway.”【答案】11.sits12.disconnected13.over【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了Sasaki在山頂建立一座電話亭，幫助人們說出他們?cè)趧e人面前感到尷尬的話?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一座白色的電話亭，被稱為“風(fēng)的電話”，坐落在山頂?shù)幕▓@里。文章通篇時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語Awhitetelephonebooth是單數(shù)，因此空格處用第三人稱單數(shù)形式sits。故填sits?！?2題詳解】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：雖然電話是斷開的，但它有一個(gè)意想不到的作用：幫助人們說出在別人面前不好意思說的話。Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句中省略了主語thephone和系動(dòng)詞is，完整的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是Thoughthephoneisdisconnected。故填disconnected?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我的想法不能通過普通的電話線傳遞，所以我想讓它們通過風(fēng)來傳遞。名詞phoneline前用介詞形式。介詞over表示“通過（某種通訊途徑、媒介等）”，符合句意。故填over。B語法填空Everyonehasasenseofhumor,____14____noteverybodyhasagoodsenseofit.Psychologists____15____(divide)onwhetherhumorisinbornorlearnable.However,thereisonethingthatisacceptedwidelysofarthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Itisassociatedwithhappinessandcourage.Thesearequalities____16____canbesharedwithotherformsoflife.Butifhappinessisoneofthegoalschasedinlife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.【答案】14.but15.aredivided16.that##which【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幽默是人類所特有，是幸福的關(guān)鍵。【14題詳解】考查連詞。句意：每個(gè)人都有幽默感，但不是每個(gè)人都有好的幽默感。分析句子，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用連詞，連接前后兩個(gè)句子，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用表轉(zhuǎn)折的并列連詞but。故填but?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：心理學(xué)家對(duì)幽默是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的存在分歧。陳述一般性事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語Psychologists為復(fù)數(shù)形式，與divide之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，注意主謂一致。故填are

divided?！?6題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這些品質(zhì)可以與其他形式的生命共享。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，先行詞qualities，其意為“品質(zhì)”為物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或者that。故填that/which。C語法填空Zhaobi,orscreenwalls,havealongandstoriedhistory.Zhaobicanbefoundoutsidethe____17____(enter)ofbuildings,andintheirearliestform,theywerebuiltforonlythehighestmembersofsociety____18____(show)theirsocialstatusandprotectprivacy.Itwasbelievedthatwouldalsoactasthespiritualprotection.Thentheybecameanimportantformofartisticexpression,representinggoodfortunateappearingonthewalls.Nowadays,zhaobiarestill____19____theylookedinthedistantpast.Byevolvingtheirfunction,thesewalls____20____(witness)China’sdevelopment,givingusasnapshotoflifeataparticulartimeinhistory.【答案】17.entrance18.toshow19.how20.havewitnessed【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了照壁從古至今的功能變化。【17題詳解】考查名詞。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口處找到，在它們最早的形式中，它們僅是為社會(huì)最高成員建造的，以顯示他們的社會(huì)地位和保護(hù)隱私。of名詞所有格，用名詞entrance(入口)。故填entrance?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口處找到，在它們最早的形式中，它們僅是為社會(huì)最高成員建造的，以顯示他們的社會(huì)地位和保護(hù)隱私。show用不定式形式作目的狀語。故填toshow?！?9題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：如今，照壁仍然是遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的樣子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里為表語從句，描述其呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)方式保持了過去的樣子，用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)。故填how?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：通過這些功能的不斷演變，這些墻見證了中國的發(fā)展，讓我們了解了歷史上某個(gè)特定時(shí)期的生活。無靈主語常與有靈動(dòng)詞搭配使用，這些動(dòng)詞原本用于描述人或社會(huì)團(tuán)體的動(dòng)作和行為，如“see”（看見）、“witness”（見證）等，當(dāng)它們與無靈主語結(jié)合時(shí)，能夠賦予非生命事物以生命般的特性和動(dòng)作，使句子更加生動(dòng)有趣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作謂語，根據(jù)句意可知，見證這一動(dòng)作從過去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone，無靈主語thesewalls和有靈謂語動(dòng)詞witness是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語是復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)用havedone，witness的過去分詞為witnessed。故填havewitnessed。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，共38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題：每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每路所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AInourhyper-connectedworld,informationisbeingcollectedandsharedeverynanosecond.Theproblemisthatyourpersonalinformationmightbeusedagainstyouinthefutureinwaysyoucan’timaginetoday.Sowhatdoyouhavetoworryabout,andwhatcanyoudotoprotectyourself?Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourpersonalinformationgettinglifted...Don’thandoveryourname,address,phonenumber,oremailaddressunlessthereceiverreallyneedsit.Ifpressed,youcanalwaysmakesomethingup.Optapaperreceiptornoreceiptratherthangettingoneviatextoremail,whichrequiressharingyourinformationandexposesyoutopossibledataloss.IfyoupreferthatyourInternetsearchesstayprivate..Browse(瀏覽)withFirefox.Itsprivacycontrolsarestrongerthanotherbig-namebrowsers.OruseDuckDuckGo,andalternateserviceyoucaneasilysetasyourdefault(默認(rèn))searchpartnerat.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourphoneactingasatracker...TurnoffLocationServicesforallappsexceptmapsandothersthatneedtoknowwhereyouare,YoucandothisinSettings,underPrivacyandLocation.andLocation.Ifyouwantcompaniestostoptryingtosellyouthings...Stopadsfromtrackingyoubyoptingoutofinformationcollecting.Thewebsiteisagoodplacetostart.YoucanalsoaddyourphonenumbertotheNationalDoNotCallRegistryat1-888-382-1222or.Ifyou’reworriedaboutbeingtagged(標(biāo)記)inphotosonsocialmedia...Tellfriendsyoudon’twanttobetagged,andoptoutofbeingautomaticallytaggedinotherpeople’sFacebookphotosbygoingtoSettings,thenFaceRecognition.AlwayskeepinmindthatInternetisnotaprivateplaceandyourprivacyisnotjustaboutfreedomfromembarrassment.Althoughyoucan’tpreventallInternetSpying,youcanminimizesomeunwantedspyingbytakingthesesteps.21.Whichofthefollowingwillmostpossiblyrevealyourpersonalinformation?A.LookingforinformationwithFirefox.B.Receivingareceiptthroughtextmessages.C.SwitchingoffLocationServicesinSettings.D.Givingyouraddresstothereceiverwhoneedsit.22.Ifyoudon’twanttobedisturbedbyads,youcan________.A.avoidusing.B.refuseacallfromDuckDuckGo.C.deleteyourphonenumberat.D.registeryourphonenumberat.23.Thepassageisintendedto________.A.giveadvice B.introducewebsitesC.showworries D.explainsocialmedia【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在高度互聯(lián)的世界中如何保護(hù)個(gè)人隱私，給出了一系列實(shí)用的建議?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一個(gè)標(biāo)題下“Optapaperreceiptornoreceiptratherthangettingoneviatextoremail,whichrequiressharingyourinformationandexposesyoutopossibledataloss.(選擇紙質(zhì)收據(jù)或不收收據(jù)，而不是通過短信或電子郵件接收，因?yàn)楹笳咝枰蚕砟愕男畔?，并可能使你面臨數(shù)據(jù)丟失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，通過短信接收收據(jù)可能會(huì)泄露你的個(gè)人信息。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四個(gè)標(biāo)題下“Stopadsfromtrackingyoubyoptingoutofinformationcollecting.Thewebsiteisagoodplacetostart.YoucanalsoaddyourphonenumbertotheNationalDoNotCallRegistryat1-888-382-1222or.(通過選擇退出信息收集來阻止廣告跟蹤你。是一個(gè)很好的起點(diǎn)。你還可以通過撥打1-888-382-1222或訪問將你的電話號(hào)碼添加到國家禁止呼叫注冊(cè)表中)”可知，如果你希望不被廣告打擾，可以在注冊(cè)自己的電話號(hào)碼。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inourhyper-connectedworld,informationisbeingcollectedandsharedeverynanosecond.Theproblemisthatyourpersonalinformationmightbeusedagainstyouinthefutureinwaysyoucan’timaginetoday.Sowhatdoyouhavetoworryabout,andwhatcanyoudotoprotectyourself?(在我們這個(gè)高度互聯(lián)的世界里，信息每分每秒都在被收集和共享。問題在于，你的個(gè)人信息可能會(huì)在未來以你今天無法想象的方式被用來對(duì)付你。那么，你需要擔(dān)心什么，又能做些什么來保護(hù)自己呢？)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章從多個(gè)方面(如個(gè)人信息保護(hù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索隱私、手機(jī)定位服務(wù)、廣告追蹤以及社交媒體照片標(biāo)記等)給出了具體的建議，以幫助讀者在日常生活中更好地保護(hù)自己的隱私，所以文章寫作的目的是給出建議。故選A。BAsacluelessfreshman,Iwaltzedintomyfirstcreativewritingcoursebyaccident,thinkingitwasaliteratureclassonhowtoreadstories,nothowtowritethem.Whentheteacherintroducedthecourse,Irealizedmymistake.ThecreditsIearnedfromthecoursewouldn’tcounttowardmymajor.Bytheendofthesession,however,IdecidedthatIhadtobeapartofthecourse.Perhaps,asalifelongreader,Iwaseagertounderstandhowstoriesworkedtheirmagic.Buttakingtheclasswouldbeimpossible:Iwasn’tevenonthewaitlist.That’swhentheteacheraskedforavolunteertosubmitthefirstworkshopstory.Silenceblanketedtheroom.Nooneriskedeyecontact.Whoevervolunteeredwouldhavetowriteawholestoryinaweek.Perhapsthey,likeme,hadneverwrittenonebefore.Seizingmychance,Iraisedmyhandandasked,“IfIgofirst,willyougivemeaspotintheclass?”Hesaidhewould.So,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Yearslater,I’dcompletedadegreeincreativewritingandwasworkingonanovelwhenaliteraryagentaskedtoreadthefirst50pagesofmydraft.ButIwasn’tcomfortableshowingheranything;thenovelwasfarfromdone.Throughoutgraduateschool,I’dbeenadvisedmanytimesnottocontactagentsuntilIhaveacompletedraft.Inthemeanwhile,Iknewthebeginningofmystorywasattractiveandthattheagentmightnotremembermeafterayear.So,onceagain,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Isentherthefirstthreechapters.Amonthlater,shesignedmeonthestrengthofthosechaptersalone.Shehassinceseenmethroughthepublicationofthreenovels.Determination,focus,perseverance-thequalitiesthatIconsidercrucialingettingmeintoStanfordnodoubthelpedmebecomethenovelistIamtoday.AndyetifI’dtrainedmygazeonlyonthepathahead,Iwouldhavemissedsomanyhappyaccidents,somanybeautifulopportunitiestolookup,raisemyhand,andsayyes.24.Whatmadetheauthorfinallydecidetotakethecourse?A.Thepopularityofthecourse. B.Herconfidenceinherwritingskills.C.Hercuriosityaboutstorywriting. D.Theneedtogetcreditsforherdegree.25.Theauthorvolunteeredtowritethefirstworkshopstoryto________.A.challengeherself B.winaplaceintheclassC.displayhertalent D.impresstheteacher26.Theauthorsentherfirstthreechapterstotheagentbecause________.A.shewantedtogetthechanceofpublicationB.herstorywasattractivetoreadersC.theagentaskedhertoturnintheworkD.herfriendsadvisedhertodoso27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.B.Confidenceleadstogrowthandfulfillment.C.Successcomestothosewhodare.D.Chancefavorsonlythepreparedmind.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從誤打誤撞參加創(chuàng)意寫作課程，到?jīng)Q定加入并努力爭取機(jī)會(huì)，再到后來成為小說家的經(jīng)歷。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Bytheendofthesession,however,IdecidedthatIhadtobeapartofthecourse.Perhaps,asalifelongreader,Iwaseagertounderstandhowstoriesworkedtheirmagic.(然而，在那堂課結(jié)束時(shí)，我決定自己必須成為這門課程的一部分。或許，作為一個(gè)終身讀者，我渴望了解故事是如何施展其魔力的。)”可知，作者決定選修這門課程是源于作者對(duì)故事寫作的好奇心和渴望。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Buttakingtheclasswouldbeimpossible:Iwasn’tevenonthewaitlist.That’swhentheteacheraskedforavolunteertosubmitthefirstworkshopstory.(但參加這門課程是不可能的：我甚至都不在候補(bǔ)名單上。就在這時(shí)，老師要求一名志愿者提交第一篇工作坊故事。)”以及第五段“Seizingmychance,Iraisedmyhandandasked,“IfIgofirst,willyougivemeaspotintheclass?”Hesaidhewould.(我抓住機(jī)會(huì)，舉手問道：“如果我第一個(gè)來，你會(huì)給我一個(gè)上課的名額嗎？”他說他會(huì)。)”可推測，作者自愿寫第一個(gè)工作坊故事是為了贏得一個(gè)上課的名額。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“So,onceagain,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Isentherthefirstthreechapters.Amonthlater,shesignedmeonthestrengthofthosechaptersalone.(所以，我再次沒有低頭避開眼神交流，而是反其道而行之。我給她發(fā)了前三章。一個(gè)月后，她僅憑這三章就與我簽約了。)”可知，作者給代理人發(fā)前三章的目的是為了得到出版的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Determination,focus,perseverance-thequalitiesthatIconsidercrucialingettingmeintoStanfordnodoubthelpedmebecomethenovelistIamtoday.AndyetifI’dtrainedmygazeonlyonthepathahead,Iwouldhavemissedsomanyhappyaccidents,somanybeautifulopportunitiestolookup,raisemyhand,andsayyes.(決心、專注、毅力——我認(rèn)為這些品質(zhì)對(duì)于我被斯坦福大學(xué)錄取至關(guān)重要，它們無疑也幫助我成為了今天的我——一名小說家。然而，如果我只盯著前方的道路，我就會(huì)錯(cuò)過許多意外的驚喜，許多抬頭、舉手、說“是”的美好機(jī)會(huì)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述的是作者原本并不是為了寫作而參加創(chuàng)意寫作課程的，但她在課堂上勇敢地采取了行動(dòng)，最終成為了一名小說家。這表明成功屬于那些敢于嘗試的人。故選C。CEnlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperiencesofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350peoplewhorespondedtoanaccompanyingpoll,saidtheyhadcollaboratedwithartists;andalmostallsaidtheywouldconsiderdoingsoinfuture.Suchanencouragingresultisnotsurprising.Scientistsareincreasinglyseekingoutvisualartiststohelpthemcommunicatetheirworktonewaudiences.“Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning,”onerespondentsaid.OneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthescenescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi’sTheFourSeasons.Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondataforeachseason-providedbyMonashUniversity’sClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.TheperformancewasacreativecalltoactionaheadofNovember’sUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,UK.Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.FewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswiththeircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsideredonlyasanobjectofstudy.Thealliancesaremostvaluablewhenscientistsandartistshaveasharedinterestinaproject,areabletojointlydesignitandcancritiqueeachother’swork.Suchanapproachcanbothpromptnewresearchaswellasresultinpowerfulart.Morethanhalfacenturyago,theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyopeneditsCenterforAdvancedVisualStudies(CAVS)toexploretheroleoftechnologyinculture.Thefoundersdeliberatelyfocusedtheirprojectsaroundlight—hencethe"visualstudies"inthename.Lightwassomethingthatbothartistsandscientistshadaninterestin,andthereforecouldformthebasisofcollaboration.Asscienceandtechnologyprogressed,anddividedintomoresub-disciplines,thecentrewassimultaneously(同時(shí)地)lookingtoatimewhenleadingresearcherscouldalsobeartists,writersandpoets,andviceversa.Nature’spollfindingssuggestthatthistrendisasstrongasever,but,tomakeacollaborationwork,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpriseandchallenge.Thereachofart-sciencetie-upsneedstogobeyondthenecessarypurposeofresearchcommunication,andparticipantmustnotfallintothetrapofstereotyping(對(duì)…產(chǎn)生成見)eachother.Artistsandscientistsalikeareimmersedindiscoveryandinvention,andchallengeandcritiquearecoretoboth,too.28.AccordingtoParagraph1,art-sciencecollaborationshave________.A.caughttheattentionofcritics B.receivedfavorableresponsesC.promotedacademicpublishing D.sparkedheatedpubliccontroversy29.ThereworkedversionofTheFourSeasonsismentionedtoshowthat________.A.artcanofferaudienceseasyaccesstoscienceB.sciencecanhelpwiththeexpressionofemotionsC.publicparticipationinsciencehasapromisingfutureD.artiseffectiveinfacilitatingscientificinnovations30.Whatdoestheunderlinedworld“alliances”inParagraph4probablymean?A.associations B.attachments C.disputes D.involvements31.Accordingtotheauthor,art-sciencecollaborationsA.arelikelytogobeyondpublicexpectationsB.willintensifyinterdisciplinarycompetitionC.shoulddomorethancommunicatingscienceD.arebecomingmorepopularthanbefore【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了藝術(shù)-科學(xué)合作得到了良好的反響。在一系列關(guān)于藝術(shù)家和研究人員合作的文章中，《自然》雜志的讀者用啟發(fā)、挑戰(zhàn)、刺激、有趣這些詞來描述他們?cè)谒囆g(shù)與科學(xué)合作方面的經(jīng)歷。在參與調(diào)查的350人中，近40%的人表示他們?cè)c藝術(shù)家合作過；幾乎所有人都表示，他們會(huì)考慮在未來這么做?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Enlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperiencesofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350peoplewhorespondedtoanaccompanyingpoll,saidtheyhadcollaboratedwithartists;andalmostallsaidtheywouldconsiderdoingsoinfuture.(啟發(fā)、挑戰(zhàn)、刺激、有趣。在一系列關(guān)于藝術(shù)家和研究人員合作的文章中，《自然》雜志的讀者用這些詞來描述他們?cè)谒囆g(shù)與科學(xué)合作方面的經(jīng)歷。在參與調(diào)查的350人中，近40%的人表示他們?cè)c藝術(shù)家合作過；幾乎所有人都表示，他們會(huì)考慮在未來這么做)”可知，根據(jù)第1段內(nèi)容可以了解到，藝術(shù)-科學(xué)合作得到了良好的反響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中““Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning,”onerespondentsaid.(“藝術(shù)家?guī)椭茖W(xué)家接觸到更廣泛的受眾，并建立情感聯(lián)系，從而增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)能力?！币晃皇茉L者說)”以及第三段“OneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthescenescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi’sTheFourSeasons.Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondataforeachseason-providedbyMonashUniversity’sClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.TheperformancewasacreativecalltoactionaheadofNovember’sUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,UK.(上個(gè)月，悉尼交響樂團(tuán)(SydneySymphonyOrchestra)演奏了安東尼奧·維瓦爾第(AntonioVivaldi)的《四季》(theFourSeasons)的重做版本，這是藝術(shù)家和科學(xué)家一起震撼感官的一個(gè)例子。他們利用莫納什大學(xué)氣候變化傳播研究中心提供的每個(gè)季節(jié)的最新氣候預(yù)測數(shù)據(jù)，重新想象了300年前的分?jǐn)?shù)。在11月于英國格拉斯哥舉行的聯(lián)合國氣候變化會(huì)議之前，這一表演是一種創(chuàng)造性的行動(dòng)呼吁)”可推知，重新制作的《四季》是為了說明藝術(shù)可以讓觀眾更容易地接觸科學(xué)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.FewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswiththeircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsideredonlyasanobjectofstudy.(但真正的伙伴關(guān)系必須是雙向的。回應(yīng)《自然》調(diào)查的藝術(shù)家比科學(xué)家少；然而，一些受訪者指出，藝術(shù)家不僅僅是幫助科學(xué)家滿足他們的溝通需求。他們的工作也不應(yīng)該僅僅被視為研究的對(duì)象)”可知，本段真正的伙伴關(guān)系必須是雙向的，也就是藝術(shù)家不僅僅是幫助科學(xué)家滿足他們的溝通需求，而且能夠共同設(shè)計(jì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，并能互相批評(píng)對(duì)方的工作，這種聯(lián)盟是最有價(jià)值的，推知alliances應(yīng)是“聯(lián)盟”之意，和A項(xiàng)意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nature’spollfindingssuggestthatthistrendisasstrongasever,but,tomakeacollaborationwork,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpriseandchallenge.Thereachofart-sciencetie-upsneedstogobeyondthenecessarypurposeofresearchcommunication,andparticipantmustnotfallintothetrapofstereotyping(對(duì)……產(chǎn)生成見)eachother.Artistsandscientistsalikeareimmersedindiscoveryandinvention,andchallengeandcritiquearecoretoboth,too.(《自然》雜志的民意調(diào)查結(jié)果表明，這種趨勢一如既往地強(qiáng)勁，但是，為了使合作奏效，雙方都需要投入時(shí)間，并接受驚喜和挑戰(zhàn)。藝術(shù)與科學(xué)結(jié)合的范圍需要超越研究交流的必要目的，參與者不能陷入彼此刻板印象的陷阱。藝術(shù)家和科學(xué)家都參與發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明，挑戰(zhàn)和評(píng)論也是兩者的核心)”可推知，根據(jù)作者的說法，作者認(rèn)為藝術(shù)與科學(xué)的合作應(yīng)該做的不僅僅是傳播科學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)。DTheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,butthetemperaturewillbehighattheStateBoardofEducationmeetinginAustinthismonthasofficialsdebatehowclimatechangeistaughtinTexasschools.PatHardy,whosympathizeswiththeviewsoftheenergysector,isresistingproposedchangestosciencestandardsforpre-teenpupils.“Thereareasmanyscientistsworkingagainstallthepanicofglobalclimatechangeastherearethosewhoarepushingit,”sheclaims.“Texasisanenergystateandweneedtorecognizethat.Youneedtorememberwhereyourbreadisbuttered.”MostscientistsandexpertssharplydisputeHardy’sviews.Boardmemberslikeher“casuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion,”saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspubliceducation.SuchdebatesreflectfiercediscussionsacrosstheUS,asresearchers,policymakers,teachersandstudentsstepupdemandsforagreaterfocusonteachingaboutthefactsofclimatechangeinschools.AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddressclimatechangeinscienceclasses,gavebarelyhalfofUSstatesagradeB+orhigher.Amongthe10worstperformersweresomeofthemostpopulousstates,includingTexas,whichwasgiventhelowestgrade(F)andhasadisproportionateinfluencebecauseitstextbooksarewidelysoldelsewhere.GlennBranch,thecentre’sdeputydirector,cautionsthatsettingstate-levelsciencestandardsisonlyonelimitedbenchmarkinacountrythatdecentralizesdecisionstolocalschoolboards.Evenifastateisconsideredahighperformerinitssciencestandards,“thatdoesnotmeanitwillbetaught”,hesays.Anotherissueisthat,whileclimatechangeiswellintegratedintosomesubjectsandatsomeages-suchasearthandspacesciencesinhighschools—itisnotaswellrepresentedincurricula(教學(xué)大綱)foryoungerchildrenandinsubjectsthataremorewidelytaught,suchasbiologyandchemistry.Itisalsolessprominentinmanysocialstudiescourses.Branchpointsoutthat,evenifagrowingnumberofofficialguidelinesandtextbooksreflectscientificconsensusonclimatechange,unofficialeducationalmaterialsthatconveymorebiasedperspectivesarebeingdistributedtoteachers.Theyincludematerialssponsoredbyenergyindustryassociations.32.WhatdoesQuinnthinkofHardy?A.Sheexaggeratestheexistingpanic. B.Sheshowsnoconcernforpre-teens.C.Sheexpressesself-contradictoryviews. D.Shedeniesthevalueofscientificwork.33.ThestudymentionedinParagraph5showsthat________.A.TexasisreluctanttorewriteitssciencetextbooksB.policymakershavelittledriveforscienceeducationC.climateeducationisinsufficientatstatepublicschoolsD.environmentalteachinginsomestateslackssupervision34.AccordingtoBranch,state-levelsciencestandardsintheUS________.A.callforregularrevision B.havelimitedinfluenceC.requireurgentapplication D.prioritizelocalneeds【答案】32.D33.C34.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。本文主要討論了在氣候問題日益嚴(yán)重的情況下，我們應(yīng)該如何加強(qiáng)公立學(xué)校的氣候教育工作?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Boardmemberslikeher“casuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion,”saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspubliceducation.(監(jiān)督公共教育的非營利組織德克薩斯自由網(wǎng)絡(luò)的高級(jí)傳播策略師DanQuinn說，像她這樣的董事會(huì)成員“隨意地駁回學(xué)者和科學(xué)家的職業(yè)工作只是另一種誤導(dǎo)性的觀點(diǎn)”。)”可知，DanQuinn認(rèn)為Hardy隨意地駁回學(xué)者和科學(xué)家的職業(yè)工作，由此可知，Quinn認(rèn)為Hardy否認(rèn)了科學(xué)工作的價(jià)值。故選D項(xiàng)。33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddre