高考英語試題分項版解析專題13人物傳記故事類含解析

專題13人物傳記、故事類

2018年高考題

A[2018?浙江卷】

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.People

hadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein

1719—

butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearly

stages;theliteracy（識字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithout

thenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomething1ike“Byalady.nNovels,forthemostpart,were

lookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,

famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership

andwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.Today

Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literature

isanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswere

publishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837tol901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletoname

ahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiences

fromal1walksoflife.It'spart1ythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicaland

scientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimself

atthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickens

suchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible-

andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

21.WnichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18'hcentury?

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Th3ywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Thsywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetext,tostress_______.

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

23.Wnatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

【答案】21.C22.D23.A

【解析】本文寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200周年前夕，介紹了CharlesDickens在英國小說方面的重要

貢獻和深遠影響。

21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段對當時情況的描寫nobodywantedtodo：tprofessionally.Thesteam-powered

printingpresswasstillmitsearlystages;theliteracy（短手）ratemEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffiction

appearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels：forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral：orjust

p：ambad.E[l刷技術落后，人們識字率低，作品上沒有作者名字，小說被認為是愚蠢的不正常的，毫無價值

可言。故選Co

22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.和列舉的CharlesDickens小說的

影響可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是為了說明CharlesDickens在英國小說方面的重要性和MonaLisa在

繪畫方面的重要性是一樣的，故選D。

23.寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文中對CharlesDickens及其作品在英國小說史上重要性的描寫，和文章最后Butas

the290thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourown

culture一tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知本文是寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200

周年前夕，由此可知作者寫本文是為了紀念這位偉大的作家。故選A。

【點睛】

推理判斷題要求在理解表面文字的基礎上，做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，

也就是通過文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達

的態(tài)度和觀點。

本文推理判斷題的考法：

1.推測文章的觀點或結論C小題1要求判斷18世紀英國小說的現(xiàn)狀，根據(jù)第一段對當時情況的描寫nobody

wantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;

theliteracyrateinEnglandwasunder50%.Novels,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjust

plainbad.可知當時印刷技術落后，人們識字率低，小說被認為是愚套的不正常的，毫無價值可言。

2.推測作者寫作目的或意圖。小題3判斷本文的寫作目的，根據(jù)文中對CharlesDickens及其作品在英國

小說史上重要性的描寫，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itis

possible—andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

可知本文是寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200周年前夕，由此推斷作者寫本文是為了紀念這位偉大的作家。

B【2018?天津卷】

WnenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeof

awatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumupon

herdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,“Doyouhave

theaddress?”"No,butI'11recognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”

"Uh,stop.Thereitis!”

Tnemuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalking

andstaredatus.

“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTourguidesgotonmynerves.

Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren5tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgone

upstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（愛窺探的），keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.

Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstanding

behindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!*

Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”"What'sthisplace?”

Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted（震顫）.Iracedtothestaircase

andcalledout,“Sally!Comeclownimmediately!〃

“There'ssomereallygoodstuff（藝術作品）upthere."Shesteppecdown,lookingconfused.I

pushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,you

haveareallyniceplace.〃Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.

Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.

TnerealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.

Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.

Tnirtyyears1ater,awomanapproachedmeinapuhlic.place.^Excuseme,didyoueverenter

aresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?”

“Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.”

“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,Ineverrealized

whatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.My

feelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I'vealwayswantedtothankyou.”

41.WnatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?

A.Shawasapainter.

B.Shewasacommunityleader.

C.Shewasamuseumdirector.

I).Shewasajournalist.

42.Waydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?

A.Sh?dislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.

B.Shafeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.

C.Shsknewmoreaboutartthantheman.

D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.

43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehal1?

A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.

C.Frightened.D.Delighted.

44.WnydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?

A.Thsrealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.

B.Shawastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.

C.ThsMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.

I).Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.

45.Wnatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.

B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.

C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.

D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.

【答案】41.A42.D43.A44.D45.C

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文c文章作者和朋友原想?yún)⒂^McNay博物館，到了之后參觀的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人

奇怪的看著她，最后才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己誤將一個私人住宅當成McNay博物館。30年后，一位女士認出誤撞入自己

住宅的作者，指出正是因為作者的誤撞入才讓她意識到自己住的地方有多么美麗。

41.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段WhenIwas17,Ireadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledthe

McNay.oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知，MarianMcNay是一名水彩畫家。

故選A。

42.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTour

guidesgotonmynerves.可知，導游令作者心煩，作者誤認為屋子里的男人是位導游。故選D。

43.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（愛窺探的），keepingtheir

eyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?（大廳的人看起來都非常愛窺探的，眼睛不停的

好奇的看著我。他們有什么問題？）可以推斷出，作者當時感到困惑不解。故選A。

44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者看墨點主要在敘述參觀誤當成XcNav博物館的私人住宅上，故這才

是文章的重心，所以將真正的McNay博物餡敘述一帶而過。故選D。

45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Beforeyoucameover；IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin可知,

在作者未造訪她家之前，這位女士從未意識到自己住的地方多么美麗，從而可以推斷出，人們往往對周圍

的美而不見。故選C。

【點睛】本文是敘事性的文章，文章有一定的趣味性，整體難度中等，考查主要以細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩

類題型。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時，同學們要嚴格依據(jù)作者所陳述

的細節(jié)、事實以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然后利用自

己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。如小題3中考查作者被人盯著看的感受，

我們需要找到文章中作者的措詞nosy,curiosity和problem,可以推斷出作者當時非常困惑不解的心理感

受。

A【2018?北京卷】

MyFirstMarathon（馬拉松）

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunning

fortuoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredus

torunlapsandthenhit.asoft.bal1.1dicin'tdocitherwel1.He1aterinformedmethatIwas”

notathletic".

TneideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy

30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotI

wasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Tnenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn,tevenfindthefinishline.Iwoke

upsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋帶）becameuntied.SoIstoppedto

readjjst.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:11GOFORIT,RUNNERS!"

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,

Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenever

mindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igot

thesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗標簽），Icannow

callmyselfa"marathonwinner".

36.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor___________.

A.waswelltrainedB.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope

37.A'hydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

38.Howwastheauthorysfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

39.A'hatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.

C2[2018?北京卷]

A

【要點綜述】本文是一篇故事類文章。作者記敘了沒有運動天賦的他，在20多歲才開始長跑，但是一次

在跑馬拉松比賽前夕踝關節(jié)受傷，但他堅持不懈，最終實現(xiàn)了自我的故事。

36.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoaheadw可知，作者在馬拉松

前一個月下定決心要參加馬拉松比賽。故選C。

37.C寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic””可知，

作者的經歷證明他在運動方面并非很有天賦。故選C。

38.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!

AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplace

had.”以及前文中作者行進經過的標志可知，雖然作者是最后到達終點的一批馬拉松選手，但是他跑完了

全程。故選A。

39.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameand

worldlylabels（世俗標簽），Icannowcallmyselfamarathonwinnerv”可知，作者享受到了戰(zhàn)勝

自我的快樂，認為只要努力了就算是勝利者。故選B。

2017年高考題

人物傳記類

C1[2017?浙江卷6月考]

A

BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonly

sixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.In

thosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecided

thateathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.

Tnebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbeganto

lookraggedG莖舌）L.Hisfathersaidthatthecat.musthesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhat

hehadbeendoing.

Tnccat'slotwasabouttoimprov。.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,MrPennington,

cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjamin

aboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版畫）byanartist.Thesewerethe

firstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.Hewas

amazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin，sparentsifhemighttakethe

boybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.

Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybegan

alandscape（風景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter>cametoseehimwork.

WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.

Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.But

helatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight."While

itislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassical

paintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.

21.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Benjamin,svisittoPhiladelphia.

B.Williams'influenceonBenjamin.

C.ThebeginningofBenjamin,slifeasanartist.

D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.

22.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?

A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.

B.Thecatwou1dgetsomemedicalcare.

C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.

D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.

23.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?

A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.

B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.

C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.

D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.

24.Williams'twobookshelpedBenjaminto.

A.mastertheuseofpaints

B.appreciatelandscapepaintings

C.gettoknowotherpainters

D.makeuphismindtobeapainter

【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介紹類的記敘文，主要講述了美國繪畫之父本杰明?韋斯特小時候繪畫

天賦的培養(yǎng)和他在6至9歲時受到的藝術啟蒙教育。

21.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句BenjaminWest…showedhistalentforartwhen…”，

以及下文第四段首句提到的“In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold…”和最后一段內容及最后一

句“…boydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”，并結合全文可知，文章主要講述了BenjaminWest

（本杰明?韋斯特）少年時代的藝術啟蒙，特別是6?9歲階段，所以C項能概括全文大意。

22.D句意理解題。該句需要結合上下文來理解。根據(jù)上文第二段提到本杰明剪貓的毛來制作畫筆，

導致貓的“毀毛破相”，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington給他送來了很多畫畫的顏料和畫筆。由此

我們可以推斷，該下劃線句子內容說明“貓的命運不久將得到改善”，而這一點可以從本杰明得到了很多畫

筆資助推斷出來。故這句話隱含著“本杰明將很快不再需要用貓的毛制作畫筆了，他將得到很多真正的畫

筆”的意思，答案選I）項。

23.B細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第五段首句IntheMrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreating

。:IpamtmgL可知，為了更好地培養(yǎng)本杰明的畫面天賦，堂兄Pennmgum給了他很多幫助，提供了創(chuàng)作用的

材料等，放選B項.

24.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段本杰明說的話，以及"\\［：：€；1：3：代《￥山31加皿1€1400出"11^

nine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist,“可知，著名畫家\Wl:am給予的兩本關千繪畫的著作

啟迪了本杰明幼小的心靈，幫助他打開了通往偉大藝術的殿堂之門，使他立志成為藝術家，所以答案選D

項.

【名師點睛】

本文后兩個小題考查了細節(jié)題。在完成細節(jié)題時，要特別注意排除干擾項。如【小題23】中的D項“Hetaught

himhowtomakeengravings^屬于“偷梁換柱”類干擾項，根據(jù)第三段第五句"Healsosentsixengravings

byanartist”可知"這些版畫是Pennington送給Benjamin的"，并非是Pennington教Benjamin如何畫

版畫，說明D項明顯錯誤。

干擾項的設置方法通常有以下幾種方式：

1.張冠李戴。命題者把文章作者的觀點與他人的觀點混淆起來，題干問的是作者的觀點，選項中出現(xiàn)的

卻是他人的觀點；或者題干問的是他人的觀點，卻把作者的觀點放到選項中云。

2.偷梁換柱。干擾項用了與原文相似的句型結構和大部分相似的詞匯，卻在不易引人注意的地方換了幾

個詞匯，造成句意的改變。

3.無中生有。干擾項往往是生活的基本常識和普遍接受的觀點，但在原文中并無相關的信息支持點，這

種選項的設置往往與問題的設問亳不相干。

4.以偏概全?？忌谧霾聹y文章中心思想、給文章添加標題或判斷推理題時，往往會犯以偏概全的錯誤。

產生這類錯誤的原因是考生受思維定勢的影響或考慮不周，以局部代替整體。其具體表現(xiàn)為合理關聯(lián)與不

合理關聯(lián)、準確概括與不準確概括之間的錯位。不合理關聯(lián)就是表層理解與深層理解相混淆。表層理解是

對文章中客觀事實的感知和記憶，往往是文章直接表述的結論；深層理解則是對文章中的客觀事實進行邏

輯推理、總結或概括后得出的結論。不準確概括是指不能準確地按題目要求概括或提取文中的表層或深層

信息。

考點：考查記敘文閱讀

故事類

[2017?北京卷]

A

ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftball

teamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.

Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered（發(fā)科）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.

Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell-Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.

Sjddenly,Parisfelltotheground."Paris'seyesrolledback,“Taylorsays."Shestarted

shaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.n

Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,

Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshouted

out,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”

C?Risalife-savingtechnique.T。doCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatblood

movesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.

Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn't

thinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegan

doingCPR.aTtwasscary.Tknewitivasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,“saysTaylor.

Taylor,sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomoreranto

gettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshockthe

heartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris*sheartbeatreturned.

uIknowIwasreallylucky?”Parissaysnow."Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteam

savedmylife.”

ExpertssayParisisright:forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival

ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantsto

beanurse."Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,“Taylorsays."IknowIcanactunder

pressureinascarysituation.w

55.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?

A.Shecaughtabadcold.

B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.

C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.

D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.

57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?

A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.

B.Sherecoveredfromshock.

C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.

D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.

53.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?

A.Enthusiasticandkind.

B.Courageousandcalm.

C.Cooperativeandgenerous.

D.Ambitiousandprofessional.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了壘球女孩Paris在打球的過程中突然心力衰竭，隊友

Taylor對其進行了緊急心肺復蘇，Paris因此恢復了心跳的故事。文章旨在說明病人心力衰竭時，其他人

保持冷靜并對其進行緊急心肺復蘇的重要性。

55.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheart

failure.w可知，Paris突然心力衰竭.所以答案為山

57.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段可知隊友的協(xié)助使Paris得到了及時的救助，所以Paris說自己很幸

運。故答案為C。

53.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisand

begandoingCPR."可知Taylor非常的勇敢,以及第六段首句"Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedher

teammatescalmdown.”可知，Taylor是一個勇敢、冷靜的女孩，所以答案為B。

【名師點睛】

故事類文章是高考閱讀理解常選材料之一。這類文章常通過敘述突出人物性格特征或講述個人經歷與感悟,

以及逸聞趣事。文章的要素有時間、地點、人物、事件等。有些是按事件發(fā)展的經過為主線敘述的，在敘

述的過程中有詳有略；有些是按時間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。

解題技巧：

1、高考選用的此類文章常常為幽默類或情感類故事，其目的或闡明某種觀點，或抨擊某種陋習，或贊揚

某種品德，所以要關注作者表達的個人感悟，提出的個人意見，或故事中出其不意的變化，而這些往往體

現(xiàn)文章中心或寫作意圖，屬于必考點。如本題中的第58題，總結人物品質的，Taylor根據(jù)自己所學的CPR

知識及時的挽救了Paris的生命，雖然猶豫了，但是很快地進行CPR搶救，說明她很勇敢，很鎮(zhèn)靜，不慌

不忙，不像其他孩子那樣陷入驚慌之中，故選B。

2、該類文章語言流暢、有趣，命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事

的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學生對細節(jié)的辨認能力以及推理判斷能力。這類文章同學們常有文章易懂,

題FI不易做的感覺。要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習慣。切不可在個別難懂的詞句上停留太久，耽誤時間。

3、對整篇短文內容有了一定的了解后，要馬上看短文后的問題，帶著問題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定

所需查找的信息范圍，并注意所查找信息的特點。例如：如果問題或選項涉及到人名、地名，就應該找首

字母大寫的單詞；如果問題或選項涉及時間、日期、數(shù)字，就應該尋找具體的數(shù)據(jù)。

[2017?全國卷I]

B

1workwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretum

inLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;

survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.

IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（貓頭鷹）onthe

ground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrier

forsafety.

Iexaminedthechick（雄鳥）anditseemedfine.IfTennld1ocat.ethenest,Tmighthavebeen

abletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.

Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothe

baskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquickly

calmeddown.

Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecording

ofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymight

alsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossible

andheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.

Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeowner

calledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechick

inthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsight

ofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.

24.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor,srescueworkaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Effortsmadeinvain.

B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.

C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.

D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.

25.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?

A.Torescueawoman.

B.Totakecareofawoman.

C.Tolookatababyowl.

D.Tocureayoungowl.

26.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?

A.Anewnest.

B.Somefood.

C.Arecording.

D.Itsparents.

27.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?

A.It'sunexpected.

R.Tt?sheaut.ifill.

C.It'shumorous.

D.It,sdiscouraging.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要介紹了作者救助一只小貓頭鷹，給它做新的窩，幫助它回

到父母身邊的故事。

24.A細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Trymgtohelpinjureddisplacedorsickcreaturescanbe

heartbreaking;survivalismvercertam」可知，救助受傷動物是令人心碎的，因為不知道被救助的動物是否能

活下去，也就是為救助動物而花費的努力可能會自轉，這是不可避免的.故選A.

25.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Shehadfoundayoungowl（貓頭鷹）ontheground.When

Iarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.”可知，有人給作者打電話是因為有只小貓頭鷹掉在地上了，

作者趕過去看看情況。文中并沒有說小貓頭鷹受傷了，作者只是過去看情況，所以D選項錯誤。故選C。

26.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmed

down.”可知，在作者把小貓頭鷹放在窩里之后，它很快就平靜下來，所以是窩讓小貓頭鷹平靜下來的。故

選A。

27.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文描述可知作者為小貓頭鷹做了窩，并且?guī)椭一亓怂母改?。作者?/p>

救助成功了，說明結局是美好的。再結合第一段的“However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.w

可推冽，作者感覺很美好。故選B。

【名師點睛】

盡管近幾年高考英語閱讀試題中推斷題呈不斷上升的趨勢，但細節(jié)題仍然占有較大比例，而且已由過

去簡單的對號入座直接答題轉向通過語句的同義或反義轉換來考查考生對英語語言的理解能力，因此難度

比往年有所增加。

對于直接信息的細節(jié)題來說，考生可以首先從問題中找到關鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查閱

的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內容仔細閱讀一遍，仔細比較所給選項與文中細節(jié)

的細微區(qū)別，在準確理解細節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。

而細節(jié)理解題是介于事實細節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間的一種題型，做這類題目時，考生需要對原文信息

進行加工處理，然后再進行進一步的推理或鑒別，這對考生來說有一定難度。

例如第25題WhywastheauthorcalledtoMutton