專題16.4 閱讀理解（議論文）（第02期）

2019年中考真題英語分項匯編（一）【2019?江蘇省蘇州市】Athleticsvs.GardeningThestudentsofSouthsideSchoolwereaskedtogivetheiropinionsaboutwhethertheschoolshouldrunanathleticprogramorstartavegetablegarden.Anathleticprogramishatchbetterthangardening.HowareweevergoingtowinanythingattheInter-SchoolAthleticswithoutpropertraining?Atthemoment,weonlydoathleticsforonetamandtheteacherstrainus.Weneedexperts（專家）toteachusthingslikethrowingandhighjump.Iknowlotsofkidssaythey’retotinterestedincompetitions,butthat’sbecausethey’veneverwonanything.Iftheygotbettertrainingandstartedwinningthings,they’dsoonchangetheirminds.Peoplealwayssaykidsdon’tgetenoughexercise.Justbecauseyoudogardeningoutdoorsdoesn’tmakeitexercise,soIdon’tsechowitmatters.Athleticsismuchbetterforfitnessandlotsofkidscanhaveagoatthesametine.Idon’tthinktherewouldbeenoughjobsforeveryoneinagarden.Infact,Ithinkagardenisareallybadidea.Idon’tknowwhywe’reevenconsideringit.Liz,Grade8Ithinkavegetablegardenisagreatidea.Wealreadydohoursofsport,includingathletics.Andnoteveryonelikessport.Gardeningisagreatwaytogetexercisewithoutworryingaboutwhetheryou’reanygoodatit,orwhetheryou’regoingtowin.Andyoureallydogelexercisewhenyougarden.There’sdigging,weedingandwateringEvenpickingthingscanbehardwork–pumpkinsaren’tlightyouknow!Therearelotsofkidsaroundherewhodon’thavegardenssotheycan’tgrowthingseventheywantto.Ifyoureallywanttodomoresport,youcanjoinaclub.Andthinkaboutit:Whathelpsyoutobegoodatsport?Youneedtoeatlotsoffruitandvegetables.Ifwelearntocookallthethingswegrow,thegardenwillkeepusallfitandhealthyandthenwe’llbebetteratsport.Sam,Grade85.WhichofthesepointsdoLizandSambothmake?A.Kidsshouldtakeexercise. B.Kidsshouldeatvegetables.C.Kidsshouldtrytowinmore. D.Kidsshouldbeoutsidemore.6.WhatisonereasonLizgivesforsaying"agardenisareallybadidea"?A.Somestudentsdon’tlikegettingdirty.B.Somestudentsdon’tenjoybeingoutside.C.Somestudentsalreadyknowhowtogarden.D.Somestudentsmayhavenochancetogarden.7.WhydoesSamsay,"Andthinkaboutit.:whathelpsyoutobegoodatsport?"A.Tochangethesubject. B.Tointroducehisnextreason.C.TosupportLiz’sidea. D.Tofindananswertothequestion.（二）【2019?江蘇省蘇州市】Ifyougoshoppinginanytoystore,youcanseeclearlythedifferentgamesandtoysforboysandgirls:therearealotofpinktoysononesideofthestoreforgirls;anddark-coloredcars,guns,andsoldiersforboys.Somebigstoreswithtoysmayevenhaveapinkfloorforgirlsandabluefloorforboys.Infact,itisdifficulttobuyatoyforagirlthatisnotpink.Somepeoplethinkthattoomuchpinkisbadforgirls.SuePalmer,writerofToxicChildhood,isveryworriedthatmostgirlsovertheageofthreearecrazyaboutthecolor.Accordingtosomescientists,thishappensfortworeasons.Firstly,mostcompaniesoffertoomanyproductsinpink.Also,manyparentsthinktheirlittledaughterlookscuteinpink.SuePalmersaysthatgirlsatthisagecannotmakeproperdecisionsbythemselves,butthepinkcanaffect(影響)thechoicesandthedecisionstheywillmakeinthefuture.Someparentsareworriedtoo-forexample,VanessaHolburn,thirty-two,whohastwogirlsundertheageoffour.TheirbedroomsareaseaofpinkandVanessaisnothappy.＂Pinksaysthatyouaresoftandgentle.Bluesaysthatyouarestrongandpowerful.Iwantmydaughterstobestrongandpowerful.I’mworriedthatpinkwillnothelpthemwiththat,＂shesays.Butnoteveryonethinksthere’ssomethingwrongwithpink.GraysonTurnerisafatherofthreegirlsandheisn’tworriedatall.＂Peopleforgetthatthingschangeallthetime,＂hesays.＂Mygirlsusedtolovepinkwhentheywerelittle,butastheygetolder,theychange.＂Turnerexplainsthathistwelve-year-olddaughterneverwearspinkclothesanymore.＂Thisloveofpinkisjustafashionandallfashionschange,＂headds.＂It’sonlysincethe1940sthatpeoplehavestateddressinggirlsinpink-beforethatitwasacolorforboys.＂12.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.13.Theunderlinedword＂that＂inParagraph3means__________.A.beingsoftandgentle B.beingstrongandpowerfulC.beinggentlebutpowerful D.beingcuteandbeautiful14.AccordingtoGraysonTurner,__________.A.parentsneedn’tworryaboutpinktoys B.alllittlekidslovethecolorpinkC.pinkhasalwaysbeenacolorforgirls D.hisgirlsnowpreferthecolorblue15.Thepurposeofthispassageisto__________.A.explainwhygirlsarecrazyaboutthecolorpinkB.makeparentslessworriedaboutthecolorpinkC.encouragegirlstogiveupplayingwithpinktoysD.showpeople’sdifferentopinionsaboutthecolorpink（三）【2019?湖北省孝感市】Lastnight,aschoolnight,my11-year-oldson’sbaseballteamplayedagamethatlasteduntil9:30.Bythetimewegothomeandhehadaquickdinnerandshower,itwas10:30-anhourandahalflaterthanachildwhogetsupat6:30shouldbegoingtobed.Welovebaseball.Mysonishavingfun,gettingexercise,andlearningpatience,teamworkandsportsspirit.Butthetruthisthatthegamealsoinfluenceshissleep.Asparents,wewantgoodthingsforourchildren.Wewantthemtobehealthybothinbodyandinmind.Tothisend,welookforwaystohelpourkidsgrowanddevelop.Wehelpthemwiththeirhomework.Wesignthemupfordance,soccerandbaseball.Weencourageourkidstotakehonorscourses（培優(yōu)課程）ortohaveafter-schooljobs.Andwepraisethemforhard-earnedsuccessandachievements.However,theironyisthatalloftheseactivitiesandresponsibilitiesthatwearegivingourchildrentomaketheirlivescolorfulcouldbebadlyinfluencingtheirhealthandtakinghappinessaway.Activities,responsibilities,andgoalsaregood.Butifwewantourkidstorealizetheirfullphysical,learningandsocialability,sleepisimportant.Wehavetostarttakingsleepseriously.Parentsmakebedtimeroutinesandcarryout（執(zhí)行）strictrulesaboutnighttime.Butinfact,thesemeasures（措施）aren’tenoughbecausegettingourkids,enoughsleepisn’tjustaboutcarryingoutstricterbedtime.Itactuallyrequiresmorethanthat.Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.16.Fromthepassageweknowthewriter’sson________.A.isn’tgoodatsports B.wastestimeeverynightC.can’tgetenoughsleep D.alwayshangsoutwithfriends17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"irony"meaninChinese?A.光榮 B.驕傲 C.諷刺 D.公正18.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftakinghonorscoursesatlast?A.Boring. B.Unnecessary. C.Interesting. D.Enjoyable.19.Howcanwemakesurekidsgetenoughsleepaccordingtothewrite?A.Bymakingthechildren’slivescolorful.B.Byrefusingalltheafter-schoolactivities.C.Bycarryingoutstrictrulesaboutbedtime.D.Bymakinganeffortfromparentsandschools.20.Whatwouldthewriterprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Adviceonhowtosleepwell. B.Waysofchangingkids’education.C.Theimportanceofsleepingwell. D.Measuresparentsandschoolsshouldtake.（四）【2019?貴州省安順市】Formanyyears,salesofgarlicinCaliforniahadbeenlittlebecauseofthemuchcheapergarlicfromChina.Thisyear,however,CaliforniagarlicsalesarerisingbecauseAmericangovernmentincreasestariffs（關稅）onChineseproducts.Christopher,agarlicgrowerinCalifornia,ismanagerofhiscompanyandhesaid,"Inaperfectworld,wewouldlovetoseethetariffsonChina."TariffsonChinesegarlicrosefrom10%to25%onMay9,2019,andthereasonisthatU.SPresidentDonaldTrumpincreasedtariffsonChineseproductsworthof$200billion.Sincethen,ChinesebuyershavealmoststoppedbuyingsoybeansfromtheUnitedStatesandAmericansoybeanfarmersarenowgettingworried.NoteveryonelikesthegarlictariffsintheU.S.LastJulyChristopherexpressedhissupportonTrump’spolicy（政策）.However,officialsfromMcCormickandCompanyInc.didn’tagreewiththepolicy.McCormick’sCEO,LawrencetoldReuters（路透社）thatwithoutChinesegarlicAmericacan’tgo.Actually,thetradewar（貿易戰(zhàn)）betweenChinaandAmericaisasignofAmericanhegemony（霸權）,anditwilldestroyAmericaneconomyandU.Sgovernmentwillloseitstrustfromothercountriesintheworld.21.Fromthepassageweinfer（推理）that___________.A.AmericaisbuyinggarlicfromChinaasmuchasbeforeB.AmericansoybeanfarmersmakemoneyasmuchasbeforeC.ChinaisstillbuyingcropsfromAmericaasmuchasbeforeD.GarlicgrowersinCaliforniaaremakingmoremoneythanbefore22.WhyislessChinesegarlicboughtbyAmericathisyear?A.BecauseenoughgarlicisgrowninCalifornia.B.BecauseAmericangovernmenthasincreasedtax（稅收）onChinesegarlic.C.BecauseChinaisnotbuyingsoybeansfromAmerica.D.BecausecompaniessupportAmericangovernment.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.China B.thetrade C.Americanhegemony D.asign24.HowmuchtariffdidAmericangovernmentincreaseonChinesegarlicOnMay9,2019?A.15％ B.25％ C.10％ D.35％25.Accordingtothepassage,whodisagreeswiththeAmericapolicyofhavingtariffsonChineseproducts?A.Christopher B.DonaldTrumpC.Californiagarlicgrowers D.Lawrence（五）【2019?湖北省荊門市】Whatdoesittaketograduatefromuniversity?Somepapersorhighscoresinexams?Well,thesearenotenoughifyouareastudentatTsinghuaUniversity.Accordingtoanewruleoftheuniversity,studentsmustprove(證明)themselvesintheswimmingpool.Theyneedtopassaswimmingtestofatleast50meters,andthosewhofailthetestwillberequiredtotakeaswimmingcoursethroughouttheirschoolyears.Bythetimetheygraduate,theywillhaveknownhowtoswim;otherwisetheycan’tgraduatewiththeirbachelor’sdegrees(學士學位).ThenewsmadewavesinChinesesocialmedia(媒體).Somepeoplepraisedtheuniversityforrequiringanecessaryskillthatcansavelives,andtheyalsobelievedthattherulewouldhelpimprovestudents’health.However,othersquestionedifitwasfairtoexpectthosewhocomefrominlandcities(內陸城市)tobeabletoswim.Infact,thisisnotanewrule.TsinghuaUniversityfirstmadeswimmingarequirementin1919butlatergaveit