2024屆新高考試題分類(lèi)匯編01 閱讀理解 (9月聯(lián)考專(zhuān)輯) 解析版

專(zhuān)題01閱讀理解

（9月聯(lián)考+月考）解析版

【湖北省宜荊荊恩四地2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考】

TheTwenty-three-year-oldMumbaigirlVidhiBubnaisofferingIndia5sfirstandonlydivinggranttoexplore

themarineecosystem.

Vidhi'sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.Whilesheexpectedalotofcolors

underwaterasshehadseenonTV,Vidhicameacrossallwhitecorals（珊瑚），whichmeanstheyarealmostdead

frombeingbleached（褪色）.

“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthewater,9,shesays.

Vidhi,aneconomicsgraduatefromAshokaUniversity,didnotenjoyworkingwithnumbersandturnedto

writingaboutsocialissues,includingwomen'srightsandminorityissues.

Asanadventurelover,Vidhiwentdivingtoexploretheunderwaterbeautylastyear.Herdisappointmentat

seeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarine

protectionandclimatechange.

“Nobodyknowsaboutclimatechangetilltheyseeit,“Vidhisays.TheMumbai-basedorganisationoffers

India'sfirstandonlydivinggrant.Thegrantsponsorslevel-onescubadivingeducationinanylocationoftheir

choiceinIndia.Whilethereisnospecificstandard,Vidhisaystheselectionprocessisstrict,choosingcandidates

whoarepassionateaboutclimatechangeandseeingthattheydosomethingoftheirchoice.Fourcandidateshave

beenawardedthegrantsofarandtheorganisationhopestofindatleastfivepeopleeveryyear.

“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechangeprojectoftheirchoice,create

communities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects,9,sheexplains.

Priortostartingcoralwarriors,Vidhiwashostingfreeonlineworkshopstospreadawarenessofmarine

biodiversityandclimatechange,andhasreachedabout5,000peoplethroughthem.

Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-qualityunderwaterimagesandvideos,

consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhatishappeningunderwater.

24.HowdidVidhifeelonherfirstdiving?

A.Excited.B.Upset.C.Awesome.D.Awkward.

25.WhydidVidhisetupCoralWarriors?

A.Tofocusmoreattentiononsocialissues.

B.Tofurtherexploretheunderwaterbeauty.

C.Tofuelpeople'senthusiasmforadventure.

D.Tomakeanappealformarineconservation.

26.Whatarecandidatesexpectedtodo?

A.Tohelppromotepeople'ssenseofcommunity.

B.Tochoosewhatevertheyarepassionateabout.

C.Tomeetspecificandstrictselectionstandards.

D.Toundertakeactivitiesrelevanttoclimatechange.

27.WhatwillVidhidotoprotectmarinebiodiversity?

A.Ahootdocumentaries.B.Tackleclimatechange.

C.Encouragepeopletodive.D.Hostfreeonlineworkshops.

【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了23歲的孟買(mǎi)女孩VidhiBubna被提供印度首個(gè)、也是唯一的

潛水獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，以探索海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。

[24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中"Vidhi'sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.（Vidhi的第

一次潛水經(jīng)歷令人心碎）”和第三段中“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthe

water（當(dāng)時(shí)很難過(guò)，我剛從水里出來(lái)就哭了）”可知，Vidhi的第一次潛水經(jīng)歷讓她沮喪（Upset）。故選B

項(xiàng)。

[25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中“HerdisappointmentatseeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,

anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarineprotectionandclimatechange.（她對(duì)看至!|瀕

臨死亡的珊瑚感到失望，于是成立了珊瑚戰(zhàn)士組織，這是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，旨在提高人們對(duì)海洋保護(hù)和氣

候變化的認(rèn)識(shí)）”可知，Vidhi設(shè)置珊瑚戰(zhàn)士組織是為了呼吁人們重視海洋保護(hù)。故選D項(xiàng)。

[26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechange

projectoftheirchoice,createcommunities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects

（候選人回來(lái)后，我們希望他們參與自己選擇的氣候變化項(xiàng)目，創(chuàng)建社區(qū)，努力提高認(rèn)識(shí)，推動(dòng)以行動(dòng)為

中心的項(xiàng)目）”可知，候選人被期盼著參與氣候變化相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。

[27題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段"Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-quality

underwaterimagesandvideos,consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhat

ishappeningunderwater.（作為下一步，考慮到?jīng)]有多少人能負(fù)擔(dān)得起或有勇氣去潛水看看水下發(fā)生了什

么，Vidhi計(jì)劃制作具有高質(zhì)量水下圖像和視頻的紀(jì)錄片）”可知，Vidhi通過(guò)拍攝紀(jì)錄片來(lái)保護(hù)海洋生物

多樣性。故選A項(xiàng)。

【湖北省宜荊荊恩四地2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考】

The"diet"indietdrinksmaybeafalsepromiseforsomesodalovers.True,theydeliverthetasteofasoda

experience,withoutthecalories.Yet,newresearchshowstheycanalsoleavepeoplewithincreasedappetite.

AstudypublishedrecentlyinJAMANetworkopenaddstotheevidencethatdrinksmadewithsucralose,an

artificialsweetener（甜味齊（j）,mayincreasetheappetiteamongsomepeople."Wefoundfemalesandoverweight

peoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafterconsumingtheartificialsweetener,9,saysstudyauthorKatiePage,a

physicianattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,

comparedwithafterregularsugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweight

didnothaveanincreaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey5renotaffectedinthe

sameway.

Onetheoryisthatit'snottheartificialsweeteneritselfthathasadirecteffectonthebody.Theideaisthat

artificialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitintothinkingsugariscoming.atYouaresupposedtoget

sugaraftersomethingtastessweet,explainsSwithers,“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat."Butthesugarnever

arrives,whichmayleadtothebody'slessefficiencyinprocessingsugarthatsconsumedlater.

Swithers9labhasalsodocumentedthatwhenanimalswithahistoryofconsumingartificialsweetenersgetreal

sugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsrisehigherthanthoseofanimalsnotfedartificialsweeteners.a<Ifsasmalleffect,but

overtimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysignificantconsequences,,,shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeople

whoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotheriskofType2diabetes（糖尿?。琤ecausewhenbloodsugarrises,the

bodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin（胰島素）toabsorbthesugar.uSowhatyou'redoingisthatyouarekindofpushing

thesystemharder,9,Switherssays.

32.WhatcanwelearnfromKatiepage'sstudy?

A.Femalesenjoyingdietdrinksconsumemorefood.

B.Artificialsweetenershelpmaleswithbetterappetite.

C.Dietdrinksincreasehungerresponseofhealthypeople.

D.peopleconsumingsucralosehavegreaterbrainrewardactivity.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph3referto?

A.Theeffectofsugar.B.Responsetosweetness.

C.Artificialsweetener.D.Theabsenceofsweetness.

34.WhatcanweinferfromSusanSwithers5wordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Moreinsulinreleasehelpssugarlevelrise.

B.peopledrinkingdietsodahardlyabsorbsugar.

C.Type2diabetesmainlyresultsfromartificialsweeteners.

D.Consumingartificialsweetenersmightcausehealthproblems.

35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Thepotentialofartificially-sweeteneddrinks.

B.Thewisdomofchoosinghealthysweetdrinks.

C.Theunderlyinglinkbetweendietdrinksandhealth.

D.Thedifferencesamongartificially-sweeteneddrinks.

【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是無(wú)糖飲品因添加了人工甜味劑而使得攝入的人胃口大增，對(duì)身

體有害。

【32題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中"Wefoundfemalesandoverweightpeoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafter

consumingtheartificialsweetener（我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性和超重者在食用人造甜味劑后，大腦的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)活動(dòng)更大）”

和“Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,comparedwithafterregular

sugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweightdidnothavean

increaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey'renotaffectedinthesameway.

（與常規(guī)加糖飲料相比，兩組人在飲用含有三氯蔗糖的飲料后都吃了更多的食物。相比之下，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，

男性和體重健康的人的大腦獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)活動(dòng)或饑餓反應(yīng)都沒(méi)有增加，這表明他們沒(méi)有受到同樣的影響）”可知，

女性相比于男性來(lái)說(shuō)，在喝了無(wú)糖飲料后更容易吃得更多。故選A項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。由第三段中“TheideaisthatartiHcialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitinto

thinkingsugariscoming.wYouaresupposedtogetsugaraftersomethingtastessweet,59explainsSwithers,

“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat."（這種想法是,人造甜味劑可能會(huì)誘使身體認(rèn)為糖即將到來(lái)，從而誤導(dǎo)身

體。Swithers解釋道：“你應(yīng)該在嘗到甜的東西后得到糖。你的身體已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了皿?！翱芍?，人造甜

味劑可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)身體，讓它誤以為糖來(lái)了，說(shuō)明人的身體已經(jīng)習(xí)慣嘗到了甜的東西后一定會(huì)得到糖，這是

身體對(duì)糖的反應(yīng)，that指代“對(duì)甜味的反應(yīng)”。故選B項(xiàng)。

[34題詳解】

推理判斷題。由最后一段中asmalleffect,butovertimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysigniHcant

consequences/9shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeoplewhoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotherisk

ofType2diabetes（糖尿?。?becausewhenbloodsugarrises,thebodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin（胰島素）to

absorbthesugar.（她說(shuō)：“這是一個(gè)小影響，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，這可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生潛在的重大后果?！比绻?/p>

這種情況發(fā)生在一些喝無(wú)糖汽水的人身上，可能會(huì)增加患2型糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)楫?dāng)血糖升高時(shí)，身體必

須釋放更多的胰島素來(lái)吸收糖）”可知，攝入人工甜味劑可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致重大的健康問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。本文主要講的是無(wú)糖飲品因添加了人工甜味劑而使得攝入的人胃口大增，對(duì)身體有害，C項(xiàng)

“無(wú)糖飲料與健康之間的潛在聯(lián)系”能概括全文大意。故選C項(xiàng)。

【山西省20232024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)聯(lián)考（一）】

ToprecommendationsforvisitingArusha

Arusha,thecapitalcityoftheArushaRegion,issituatedinNortheastTanzania.ItisthemostvisitedTanzanian

city-ifsconsideredtheentrypointtothe"'safaricircuit（狩獵路線）Itprovideseasyandconvenientaccessto

manyofthesafaridestinationsandNationalParks.Infact,thecityitselfissetagainstthebeautifulbackdropof

MountKilimanjaro.

HereareourtoppicksfortouristdestinationsinArusha:

TheMarkets

Arushaisjam-packedwithlocalmarketsinthecentreofthecity,wherevariousvendors（攤販）setuptosell

theirgoods.Mostmarketshaveatheme（food,crafts,textiles,etc.）.Thesemarketsareagreatwaytogetafeelforthe

localculture.

Cafes

Arushahasarobustcoffeeandcafescene.You'llseevendorssellingqualityAfricancoffeebeansalloverthe

city.Thepopularityofcoffeehasspilledoverintoanexcitingcafeculturethatcontinuestogrow.Youcan'tgofar

withoutspottingacafe.EachcafeservesupAfricanstylecoffee,aswellasmanyEuropeanandAmericanfavorites.

CulturalHeritageCenter

TheCulturalHeritageCenterislocatedonthesuburbsofArusha.Checkouttheirmuseum,craftshop,a

restaurant,anartgallery,acollectionofpreciousstones,andmore.Itisagreatwaytogetasenseofthecultureand

historyofTanzaniathere.Getreadytolearnalot,anddon'tforgettopickupsomesouvenirsatthevariousshops.

TanzaniteExperienceMuseum

Tanzaniaishometooneoftheworld'smostpopularpreciousgems（寶石）一theTanzanitegemstone.Check

outtheTanzaniteExperienceMuseum,whichguidesvisitorstounderstandthehistoryandculturebehindthis

preciousgem.

21.WhyhasArushabecomethemostvisitedcityinTanzania?

A.BecauseifsthecapitalcityoftheArushaRegion.

B.Becauseithasthemostpopularnationalparks.

C.Becauseit'sagatewaytoTanzania's"safaricircuit”.

D.BecauseitissetagainstthebeautifulMountKilimanjaro.

22.WhatcanbeseenalmosteverywhereinArusha?

A.Localmarkets.B.Artgalleries.C.Museums.D.Cafes.

23.WhatdothetopdestinationsinArushahaveincommon?

A.Theyallprovidemarketsforvendors.

B.Theyalloffersouvenirstothevisitors.

C.Theyallpresentlocalculturestovisitors.

D.Theyarealllocatedinthecenterofthecity.

【答案】21.C22.D23.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹坦桑尼亞阿魯沙旅游的幾個(gè)看點(diǎn)。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"ItisthemostvisitedTanzaniancity-ifsconsideredtheentrypointtothe

“safaricircuit（狩獵路線）”.（它是坦桑尼亞游客最多的城市，被認(rèn)為是“狩獵路線”的入口。）”可知，阿

魯沙是坦桑尼亞游客最多的城市，是因?yàn)樗轻鳙C旅行的入口，是前往許多狩獵目的地和國(guó)家公園的便捷

通道。故選C。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cafes下文"Youcan9tgofarwithoutspottingacafe.（你走不了多遠(yuǎn)就會(huì)看到一家咖啡

館。）”可知，咖啡館在阿魯沙隨處可見(jiàn)。故選D。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMarkets下文“Thesemarketsareagreatwaytogetafeelforthelocalculture.（這

些市場(chǎng)是感受當(dāng)?shù)匚幕慕^佳途徑）"；Cafes下文“Thepopularityofcoffeehasspilledoverintoan

excitingcafeculturethatcontinuestogrow.（咖啡的流行已經(jīng)蔓延到一種令人興奮的咖啡文化中，并在不斷

發(fā)展。）”;CulturalHeritageCenter下文“TheCulturalHeritageCenterisagreatwaytogetasenseofthe

cultureandhistoryofTanzania.（文化遺產(chǎn)中心是了解坦桑尼亞文化和歷史的絕佳途徑。）”；Tanzanite

ExperienceMuseum下文“CheckouttheTanzaniteExperienceMuseum,whichguidesvisitorsto

understandthehistoryandculturebehindthispreciousgem.（參觀坦桑石體驗(yàn)博物館，這能引導(dǎo)游客了解

這顆珍貴寶石背后的歷史和文化。）”可知，阿魯沙這些景點(diǎn)的共同之處是它們都給游客呈現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?/p>

故選C。

【山西省2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)聯(lián)考（一）】

Peoplewhohavetroublewalkingormovingaroundoftenhaveahardtimeenjoyingthebeach.Mostbeaches

don*thaveramps（坡道）orspecialwalkwaystoallowdisabledvisitorstomovearoundeasily,ortogetinandoutof

theseasafely.ButhundredsofbeachesinGreecenowofferanewwayforpeopleinwheelchairstogetintothe

waterbythemselves.ItscalledSeatrac.

Seatracisasystemthatwasdesignedtosolvethisproblem.Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingrampthat

cansmoothlycarryadisabledpersonintothesea.Onceinthesea,thepersoncaneitherremaininthechair,enjoying

thewater,orgoforaswim.TheSeatracsystemcanhelpanyonewhohasahardtimewalking,includingolderpeople

andpregnantwomen.

Thechairisoperatedbyremotecontrol.Whenthepersonisreadytogetoutofthewater,theSeatracsystem

bringsthechairbacktothetopoftheramp.ItsevenpossibletotakeashowerintheSeatracchairaftergoingfora

swim.

SeatracwasinventedanddevelopedbyMr.Fotiou,aprofessorandhispartnersatGreekuniversity.They

designedthesystemandintime,theyformedacompanycalledTOBEAtobuildandsellthesystems.Thecompany

workedhardtomakethesystemsimpletoputinplaceandeasytorun.Awoodenwalkwayallowswheelchairusers

toreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemissolarpowered.Itdoesn'trequireoutsidepower,andcancontinuetorunevenif

theelectricitygoesout.TheSeatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhenswimmingseasonends.

Thissummer,theSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cyprus,Italy,andLatvia.The

SeatracserviceinGreeceisgratistotourists.TheGreekgovernmenthashelpedpayforitandhopesthatSeatrac

willhelpattractmoretouriststothecountry.

32.HowcanadisabledmaninawheelchairgetintothewaterthroughSeatrac?

A.Heridesthechairofthesystemintothesea.

B.Hewheelshiswheelchairintotheseabyhimself.

C.Themovingrampcarrieshiswheelchairintothesea.

D.ThestaffoftheSeatracdriveshimtotheseainachair.

33.WhatdoweknowabouttheSeatracsystem?

A.Itneedsrechargingregularly.

B.Itisautomaticandportable.

C.Itiseasytooperateandmanage.

D.Itisonlyintendedfordisabledpersons.

34.Whatdoestheunderlined',gratis',meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Accessible.B.Profitable.C.First-class.D.Cost-free.

35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Seatrac:HelpingWheelchairUsersEnjoytheSea

B.TOBEA:ANewCompanyBringingJoytoTourists

C.AProfessor:HelpingtheDisabledRealizeTheirDream

D.ARamp:AllowingDisabledVisitorstoMoveAroundEasily

【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明Seatrac系統(tǒng)，可以幫助輪椅使用者享受大海。

【32題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Seatracisasystemthatwasdesignedtosolvethisproblem.Seatracisbasically

achaironamovingrampthatcansmoothlycarryadisabledpersonintothesea.”（Seatrac系統(tǒng)就是為了

解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題而設(shè)計(jì)的。Seatrac基本上是一個(gè)移動(dòng)坡道上的椅子，可以平穩(wěn)地將殘疾人送入大海。）可知，

Seatrac基本上是一個(gè)移動(dòng)坡道上的椅子，可以順利地把殘疾人帶到海里。故選A項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thecompanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpletoputinplaceandeasy

tonm."（該公司努力使系統(tǒng)易于安裝和運(yùn)行。）可推知，該公司努力使該系統(tǒng)易于安裝和使用。C項(xiàng)“系

統(tǒng)易于操作和管理”與之表述一致。故選C項(xiàng)。

【34題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thissummer,theSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,

Cyprus,Italy,andLatvia."（今年夏天，Seatrac系統(tǒng)被用于希臘、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脫維亞的220

多個(gè)海灘。）以及"TheGreekgovernmenthashelpedpayforitandhopesthatSeatracwillhelpattractmore

touriststothecountry."（希臘政府為其出資，并希望Seatrac能幫助吸引更多的游客。）敘述可知，今年

夏天，Seatrac系統(tǒng)正在希臘、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脫維亞的220多個(gè)海灘上使用。希臘政府幫助支付

了費(fèi)用，希望吸引更多的游客來(lái)希臘。由此推斷,Seatrac系統(tǒng)在希臘是免費(fèi)的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Cost?free“免

費(fèi)的”意思一致。故選D項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Peoplewhohavetroublewalkingormovingaroundoftenhavea

hardtimeenjoyingthebeach.Mostbeachesdon*thaveramps（坡道）orspecialwalkwaystoallowdisabled

visitorstomovearoundeasily,ortogetinandoutoftheseasafely.ButhundredsofbeachesinGreecenow

offeranewwayforpeopleinwheelchairstogetintothewaterbythemselves.It*scalledSeatrac.w（走路或

走動(dòng)有困難的人通常很難享受海灘。大多數(shù)海灘沒(méi)有坡道或特殊的走道,讓殘疾游客可以輕松地四處走動(dòng)，

或者安全地進(jìn)出大海。但希臘數(shù)百個(gè)海灘現(xiàn)在為坐輪椅的人自己下水提供了一種新方式。它叫做Seatraco）

可知，文章主要講的是一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明Seatrac系統(tǒng)，可以幫助輪椅使用者享受大海。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是

"Seatrac：幫助輪椅使用者享受大?！?。故選A項(xiàng)。

【重慶市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考】

B

Goodnews,coffeelovers:YourdailycupofJoemightbedoinggoodtoyourheart,namelybyhelpingto

reducetheriskofheartfailure,suggestthefindingsofanewstudy.Inananalysisofdatafromthreelargestudieson

thetopic,researchersfoundthatthosewhoreporteddrinkingoneormorecupsofcaffeinated（含咖徘因的）coffee

adayhad“arelateddecreasedlong-termheartfailurerisk”.

ForthereportpublishedinCirculation:HeartFailure,researchersusedmachinelearningtoexaminedatafrom

alargestudyfromtheFraminghamHeartStudy,referencingthisdataagainsttwootherstudies."Eachstudy

includedatleast10yearsoffollow-up,andaltogetherthestudiesprovidedinformationonmorethan21,000U.S.

adultparticipants,researcherssaid.

WhenanalyzingtheFraminghamHeartStudy,researchersnotedthatwhencomparedtonon-coffeedrinkers,

coffeedrinkers9riskofheartfailuredecreasedby5%to12%foreachcuptheydrankeachday.Asfordecaffeinated

coffee,researchersnotedthatitdid,nothavethesamebenefitsascaffeinatedcoffee,withonestudysuggestingthat

decaffeinatedcoffeemayhaveanoppositeeffect.

Dr.DavidKao,seniorstudyauthor,saidinastatement,t6Therelationbetweencaffeineandheartfailurerisk

reductionwassurprising.Coffeeandcaffeineareoftenconsideredbythegeneralpopulationtobe'bad'fortheheart

becausepeoplerelatethemtohealthproblemslikepalpitations,highbloodpressure,etc.Therelationshipbetween

increasingcaffeineconsumptionanddecreasingheartfailureriskturnsthatthoughtonitshead.^^

“However,thereisnotyetenoughclearevidencetoprovethatincreasingcoffeeconsumptioncandecreasethe

riskofheartdiseasewiththesamestrengthandcertaintyasstoppingsmoking,losingweight,orexercising,Kao

noted.Theresearchersalsowarnedthatthefindingsonlyfocusedonblackcoffee,thatis,plaincoffee,without

addedsugarandhigh-fatdairyproductssuchascream.

4.Whafsthefindingofthenewstudy?

A.Thenumberofheartfailurecaseshasdecreasedgradually.

B.Coffeecanhelplowerthepossibilityofheartfailure.

C.Caffeinedoesharmtopeople'shealth.

D.Coffeehelpscureheartdisease.

5.Howdidresearchersachievetheirfinding?

A.Bysearchingonlinefordetailedinformation.

B.Byinterviewingexpertsabouttheiropinions.

C.Byconductingsurveysamongyoungadults.

D.Bycomparingdatafromlong-termstudies.

6.Whatcandirectlyaffecttheresultofthestudy?

A.Thebrandofcoffee.

B.Theageofthesubjects.

C.Theadditionofcaffeinetocoffee.

D.Theamountofcoffeeconsumption.

7.WhatisDr.Kao'sattitudetowardstheresult?

A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Curious.D.Careful.

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究表明，每天喝一杯或幾杯含咖啡因的咖啡會(huì)降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中"YourdailycupofJoemightbedoinggoodtoyourheart,namelybyhelpingto

reducetheriskofheartfailure,suggestthefindingsofanewstudy.（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，你每天喝一杯Joe

咖啡可能對(duì)你的心臟有好處，即有助于降低心力衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可知，新的研究結(jié)果表明喝咖啡可能會(huì)降

低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“"Eachstudyincludedatleast10yearsoffollow-up,andaltogetherthestudies

providedinformationonmorethan21,000U.S.adultparticipants,Mresearcherssaid.（研究人員說(shuō)：“每項(xiàng)

研究都包括至少10年的隨訪，這些研究總共提供了21000多名美國(guó)成年參與者的信息?！埃笨芍?，研究

人員通過(guò)對(duì)比長(zhǎng)期研究的數(shù)據(jù)，得出研究結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第一段中"Inananalysisofdatafromthreelargestudiesonthetopic,researchersfound

thatthosewhoreporteddrinkingoneormorecupsofcaffeinated（含咖徘因的）coffeeadayhad"arelated

decreasedlong-termheartfailurerisk”.（在對(duì)三項(xiàng)大型研究數(shù)據(jù)的分析中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報(bào)告每天

喝一杯或多杯含咖啡因咖啡的人“長(zhǎng)期心力衰竭風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低"）”和第三段中“Asfordecaffeinatedcoffee,

researchersnotedthatitdid,nothavethesamebenefitsascaffeinatedcoffee,withonestudysuggestingthat

decaffeinatedcoffeemayhaveanoppositeeffect.（至于無(wú)咖啡因咖啡，研究人員指出，它確實(shí)沒(méi)有含咖啡

因咖啡那么有益，一項(xiàng)研究表明，無(wú)咖啡因咖啡可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果）”可知，喝含咖啡因的咖啡才可

能會(huì)降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，無(wú)咖啡因咖啡沒(méi)有含咖啡因咖啡那么有益，故咖啡中咖啡因的添加對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果

有直接影響。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。由最后一段中“"However,thereisnotyetenoughclearevidencetoprovethatincreasingcoffee

consumptioncandecreasetheriskofheartdiseasewiththesamestrengthandcertaintyasstoppingsmoking,

losingweight,orexercising,"Kaonoted.（Kao指出："然而，目前還沒(méi)有足夠的明確證據(jù)證明，增加咖啡

消費(fèi)可以像戒煙、減肥或鍛煉一樣，降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！埃?可知，Kao認(rèn)為沒(méi)有足夠的證據(jù)表明增

加含咖啡因的咖啡的消耗量能降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此他對(duì)待研究的結(jié)果是持謹(jǐn)慎的（Careful）態(tài)度。

故選D項(xiàng)。

【廣東省茂名市重點(diǎn)高中2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月考】

FrequentlyAskedQuestionsforYellowstoneNationalPark

Howmuchistheentrancefee?

$35-Private,non-commercialvehicle;

$30-Motorcycleorsnowmobile（winter）

$20-Visitors16andolderenteringbyfoot,bike,ski,etc.

*Thisfeeprovidesthevisitorwitha7-dayentrancepermitforbothYellowstoneandGrandTetonNationalParks.

Whereshouldwestay?

Yourdecisionmaydependonhowmuchtimeyouhaveandwhatyouwanttoseethemost.Ifyouplanon

visitingYellowstoneNationalParkforonlyafewdaysandwanttoexperiencesomeofthemainattractionsthen

WestYellowstonewouldbeagoodbase.Fromthere,itisashortdrivetothegeyserbasins,OldFaithfulandthe

GrandCanyon.IfyouwanttohavethefullparkexperiencethenperhapslodgingatOldFaithfulwouldbeagood

choice.Ifyouwanttoviewthemostwildlife,thenwesuggesttheNortheastEntrance.TheSouthEntranceisagreat

optionifyouhavemoretimeandwanttovisitGrandTetonNationalPark;howeveritisalongerdrivetotheheartof

YellowstoneifyoubaseoutofJackson.TheNorthEntranceisparkheadquartersandhasthemosthistoric

informationonthepark.

Whenisthebesttimetovisitthepark?

Thisdependsonwhatyourinterestsare.Springhasabundantwildlife,roaringwaterfallsandwildweather.

Summerhasitallincludingthemostcrowds,soyou'dbettergetoutearlyandeatyourbreakfastontheroad!Fallis

aspecialtimeofyear.Everythingseemstobediminishingincludingthecrowds.Winterisatimeofbeingabitof

socialisolation.Inyearspastitwasmore"economical”tovisitmostofthepark.Nowitismorerestricted

unlessyoucanaffordasnow-coachorguidedsnowmobiletour.

CanIgetCellandWi-Fi?

FreepublicWi-FiisavailableatAl-brightVisitorCenterandatsomeparklodgesforregisteredguests.Cell

serviceisextremelylimited,withreceptiononlyavailableinornearmajordevelopedareas.Insummer,serviceis

oftenmaxedoutintheseareas.

Yet,itissadtoseethelatestgenerationfadeawayfromnormaleverydayactivitiesandconversation.Getout,

lookaround,admirethewonders.There9replentyofnaturalandhumandistractionsaroundeverycorner.Thelast

thingwewanttodoisdivertvisitorsfromYellowstone'swondersespeciallywhiledriving.

1.HowmuchistheentrancefeeintotalifJefferymakesaself-drivingtriptoYellowstonewithhisfatherandhis

16-year-olddaughterduringthewintervacation?

A.$105B.$55C.$35D.$50

2.Theunderlinedsentenceimpliesthat.

A.visitingYellowstoneinwinterispreferredbymostlocalpeople

B.mostoftheparkwasrestrictedtovisitorsinwinterinthepast.

C.nowadaysmostpeoplechoosetotourtheparkonasnow-coachinwinter.

D.winterusedtobeabettertimetovisittheparkintermsofexpenses

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.theentranceticketappliestoYellowstoneonly

B.OldFaithfulprovidesafullviewofthepark

C.thewirelessconnectionisnotsatisfactoryinsummer

D.youngergenerationsmakeupthemajorityofparkvisitors

【答案】LC2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了黃石公園的門(mén)票以及可以選擇的住宿及游玩的地方。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Howmuchistheentrancefee?"下面的“$35-Private,non-commercialvehicle;w

可知，私家非商用車(chē)輛入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是35美元，沒(méi)有說(shuō)是每個(gè)人35美元，是一輛車(chē)35美元。因此，Jeffery帶

爸爸和女兒開(kāi)車(chē)去黃石公園的費(fèi)用是35美元。故選C。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線句上文“Winterisatimeofbeingabitofsocialisolation.（冬天是一個(gè)有點(diǎn)社交孤立

的時(shí)期。）"和下文"Nowitismorerestrictedunlessyoucanaffordasnow-coachorguidedsnowmobiletour.

（現(xiàn)在，除非你能負(fù)擔(dān)得起雪地教練或雪地摩托導(dǎo)游，否則這里的限制就更大了。）”可知，公園冬天人很

少，基本與世隔絕。因此在過(guò)去的幾年，在冬天參觀黃石公園是更加經(jīng)濟(jì)的，而現(xiàn)在除非你負(fù)擔(dān)得起滑雪

教練等費(fèi)用，要不然可玩的限制更多。因此畫(huà)線句的隱含意思是，就費(fèi)用而言，以前冬天是參觀黃石公園

的好時(shí)機(jī)。故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題"CanIgetCellandWi-Fi?”下面的"Cellserviceisextremelylimited,withreception

onlyavailableinornearmajordevelopedareas.Insummer