MBA英語真題及答案詳解（01-10年）

2001年MBA英語真題及答案

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2001年全國攻讀工商管理碩士研究生入學(xué)考試

英語試題

SectionIVocabulary(10points)

Directions:

Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoices

markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerson

ANSWERSHEET1.

1.Theannualofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.

Astocking.Bstocktaking

Cstockpiling.Dstockholding.

2.Remembertoaskforaofqualityforthesegoods;otherwisetheywillnotofferany

maintenance

Awarranty.Bpromise

Ccertificate.Drecejpt.

3.Inmanycountriestobaccoandmedicinearegovernment.

Acontrol.Bmonopoly

Cbusiness.Dbelongings.

4.Banknotesarenotusuallyintogoldnowadays.

Ainverted.Brevertible

Cconvertible.Ddiverting.

5.1youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.

Ainsist.Bconfirm

Cassure.Densure.

6.Themanagerjusthisresignationtotheboardmeetingyesterdayandtodayanother

onetookhisplace.

Asentup.Bsentoff

Csentout.Dsentin.

7.Letsnotoversuchatrifle!

Afallthrough.Bfallout

Cfalloff.Dfallback.

8.TheculturesofChinaandJapanhavesharedmanyfeatures,buteachhasusedthem

accordingtoitsnational.

Apersonality.Btemperament

Cinterest.Ddestiny.

9.Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstoppedatdifferentvillages.

Agradually.Bcontinuously

Cconstantly.Dcontinually.

10.Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,themantheexitasquicklyaspossible.

Amadefbr.Bmadeout

Cmadeupto.Dmadeway.

11.Thegoodswhenwearrivedattheairport.

Awerejustunloaded.Bwerejustbeingunloaded

Cwerejustbeenunloaded.Dhadjustunloaded.

12.Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgroundshisargumentinfavorofthenew

theory,

Awhichtobaseon.Bonwhichtobase

Ctobaseonwhich.Dwhichtobebasedon.

13.1thinkyourwordscarrymoreweightthan.

Aanybodyelses.Bthatofanybodys

Canybodyelse.Delseanybodys.

14.ThesecondbookwasbyAugust1996,buttwoyearslater,theendwasstillnowhere

insight.

Atocomplete.BcompletedCtohavebeencompleted.Dto

havecompleted.

15.1wouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butIfiilly

occupiedthewholeoflastweek.

Awere.Bwas

Chadbeen.Dhavebeen.

16.Nodifficultyandnohardshipdiscouragedhim.

Ahas.Bhave

Chasbeen.Dhavebeen.

17.1alwayskeepcandlesinthehousethereisapowercut.

Aif.Bincase

Conconditionthat.Dwhen.

18.Somemodemchildrensfictiondealswithseriousproblemsandsituationswitha

realismseldominearlierbooks.

Aattempted.Battempting

Cbeingattempted.Dhavingattempted.19.Writteninahurry,.

Ahemademanymistakesinthepaper.

Btherewerealotofmistakesinthepaper.

Cwefoundplentyoferrorsinherpaper

Dthepaperwasfulloferrors.

20.Somestudentpreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Others

prefertoworkontheirown.

Aleaving.Btoleave

Chavingbeenleft.Dtobeleft.

SectionIICloze(10points)

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand

markA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousands

ofeverydayperceptions,thebases21thedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsand

skillsaretobe22inourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtsintosthepresent23memory.

Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeep24availableforlateruse.ltincludesnot

only"rememberingnthinglikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoanychangeinthewayan

animaltypicallybehaves.Memoryis25whenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehas

sniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasixyearold

childlearnstoswingabaseballbat.

Memory26notonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsand

machines.Computers,fbrexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingto

comparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputer27thatofahumanbeing.Theinstant

accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000"wordsnreadyfor28use.A

naverageAmericanteenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100,000wordsof

English.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotal29ofinformationwhichtheteenagerhas

stored.Consider,fbrexample,thenumberoffactsandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeon

sight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhuman

beings.Alargepartofapersonsmemoryisintermsofwordsand30ofwords.

21Aof.Bto.Cfor.Don

22Akept.Bfound.Csought.Dstored

23Aby.Bfrom.Cwith.Din

24.Aexperiences.BbasesCobservations.Dinfbnnation.

25Acalled.Btaken.Cinvolved.Dincluded

26Aexists.Bappears.Caffects.Dseems

27Ato.Bwith.Cagainst.Dfor

28.Aprogressive.BinstructiveCinstant.Dprotective.

29Adeal.Bnumber.Cmount.Damount

30.Acombinations.BcorrectionsCcoordinations.Dcollections.

SectionIIIReadingcomprehension(40points)

SectionA

Directions:.Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil..

Questions31to34arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThestabilityoftheU.S.bankingsystemismaintainedbymeansofsupervisionand

regulation,inspections,depositinsurance,andloanstotroubledbanks.Forover50years,these

precautionshavepreventedbankingpanics.However,therehavebeensomeclosecalls.The

collapseofContinentalIllinoisBank&TrustedCompanyofChicagoin1984didnotbringdown

thebankingsystem,butitcertainlyrattledsomewindows.

Inthelate1970s,ContinentalsoaredtoaleadershippositionamongMidwesternbanks.Parts

ofitsgrowthstrategywererisky,however.ltmademanyloansintheenergyfield,includingbillion

thatittookoverfromPennSquareBandofOklahomaCity.Toobtainthefundsitneededtomake

theseloans,Continentalreliedheavilyonshorttermborrowingfromotherbanksandlarge,30

daycertificatesofdeposit-nhotmoney”,inbankingjargon.AtleastoneContinentalofficersaw

dangersignsandwroteawarningmemotohersuperiors,butthememowentunheeded.Although

theComptrolleroftheCurrencyinspectedContinentalonaregularbasis,itfailedtoseelow

seriousitsproblemsweregoingtobe.

PennSquareBankwasclosedbyregulatorsinJuly1982.Whenenergypricesbeganto

slip,mostofthebillioninloansthatContinentalhadtakenoverfromthesmallerbanksturnedout

tobehad.OtherloanstotroubledcompaniessuchChrysler,InternationalHarvester,andBraniff

lookedquestionable.Seeingtheseproblem,"hotmoneyuownersbegantopulltheirfundsoutof

Continental.

Bythespringof1984,arunonContinentalhadbegun.InMay,thebankhadtoborrow.5

billionfromtheFedtoreplaceovernightfundsitbadlost.Butthiswasnotenough.Totrytostem

theoutflowofdepositsfromContinemtal,theFDICagreedtoguaranteenotjustthefirst,000of

eachdepositorsmoneybutallofit.Nevertheless,theruncontinued.

FederalregulatorstriedhardtofindasoundbankthatcouldtakeoverContinental-acommon

wayofrescuingfailingbanks.ButContinentalwasjusttoobigforanyonetobuy.ByJuly,allhope

ofaprivatesectorrescuewasdashed.Regulatorsfacedastarkchoice:LetContinentalcollapse,or

takeitoverthemselves.

Lettingthebankfailseemedtoorisky.ltwasestimatedthatmorethan100otherbankshad

placedenoughfundsinContinentaltoputthematriskifContinentalfailed.Thus,onarainy

ThursdayattheendofJuly,theFDICineffectnationalizedContinentalIllinoisatacostof.5

billion.Thiskeptthebanksdoorsopenandpreventedachainreaction.However,inallbuta

technicalsense,ContinentalhadbecomethebiggestbankfailureinU.S.history.

31.Inthespringof1984,Continentalexperienced.

Aafastgrowthperiod.Bastabilityperiod

Carun.Danoilpricedecrease.

32.ByJuly,allhopeofaprivatesectorrescuewas.

Adestroyed.Babsurd

Cdesperate.Ddamaged.

33.ThenationalizatinofContinental-

Asavedit

BmadenhotmoneyuownerscontinuetopulltheirfundsoutofContinental.

Calmostbroughtdownthebankingsystem

Dfiredmanyhighrankingofficers.

34.Bankingpanicsmaybepreventedbymeansoi.

Adepositinsurance.Bgrowthstrategy

Clongtermborrowing.Dwarningmemo.

Questions35to38arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshavea

problem.Humanresourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitive

survivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredasanindividual

responsibility.Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired-rentedatthelowest

possiblecost-muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment,

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthe

corporationhierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondin

command.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementsisusuallyaspecializedjob,offat

theedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.Theexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajor

strategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayof

contrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmost

importantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirmshierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,in

facttheyinvestlessintheskilloftheiremployeesthandotheJapaneseorGermanfirms.The

moneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerial

employees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmore

narrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasic

backgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmerican

workers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstations

thanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythan

itisintheUnitedStated.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,and

theneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwith

whichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andin

theendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottom

halfcanteffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementand

professionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

35.WhichofthefollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmerican

companies?

A.Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployeesownbusiness.

C.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthantoequipment..

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition.

36.WhatisthepositionoftheheadofhumanresourcemanagementinanAmericanfirm?

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm..

B.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced.

C.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

D.Hehasnoauthorityinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm..

37.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsspendintrainingmainlygoesto——.

Aworkerswhocanoperatenewequipment

Btechnologicalandmanagerialstaff

Cworkerswholackbasicbackgroundskills

Dtopexecutives.

38.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhumanresource

management.

B.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehumanresourcemanagement.

C.Theheadofhumanresourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm

shierarchy..

D.ThehumanresourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheir

competitivecapacity...

Questions39to42arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Internetisavastnetworkofcomputersthatconnectsmanyoftheworlds

businesses,institutions,andindividuals.Theinternet,whichmeansinterconnectednetworkof

networks,linkstensofthousandsofsmallercomputernetworks.Thesenetworkstransmithuge

amountsofinformationintheformofwords,images,andsounds.

TheInternetwasinformationonvirtuallyeverytopic.Networkuserscansearchthrough

sourcesrangingfromvastdatabasestosmallelectronic"bulletinboards,"whereusersform

discussiongroupsaroundcommoninterests.MuchoftheInternetstrafficconsistsofmessages

sentfromonecomputerusertoanother.Thesemessagesarecalledelectronicmailore

mail.Internetusershaveelectronicaddressesthatallowthemtosendandreceiveemail.Other

usesofthenetworkincludeobtainingnewsjoiningelectronicdebates,andplayingelectronic

games.OnefeatureoftheInternet,knownastheWorldWideWeb,providesgraphics,audio,and

videotoenhancetheinformationinitsdocuments.Thesedocumentscoveravastnumberoftopics,

PeopleusuallyaccesstheInternetwithadevicecalledamodem.Modemsconnectcomputers

tothenetworkthroughtelephonelines.MuchoftheInternetoperatesthroughworldwidetelephone

networksoffiberopticcables.Thesecablescontainhairthinstrandsofglassthatcarrydataas

pulsesoflight.Theycantransmitthousandsoftimesmoredatathanlocalphonelines,mostof

whichconsistofcopperwires.

ThehistoryoftheInternetbeganinthe1960s.Atthattime,theAdvancedResearch

ProjectsAgency(ARPA)oftheUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefensedevelopedanetworkof

computerscalledARPAnet.Originally,ARPAnetconnectedonlymilitaryandgovernment

computersystems.Itspurposewastomakethesesystemssecureintheeventofadisasteror

was.SoonafterthecreationofARPAnet,universitiesandotherinstitutionsdevelopedtheirown

computernetworks.ThesenetworkseventuallyweremergedwithARPAnettoformthe

Internet.Bythe1990s,anyonewithacomputer,modem,andInternetsoftwarecouldlinkupto

theInternet.

Inthefuture,theInternetwillprobablygrowmoresophisticatedascomputertechnology

becomesmorepowerful.ManyexpertsbelievetheInternetmaybecomepartofalargernetwork

calledtheinformationsuperhighway.Thisnetwork,stillunderdevelopment,wouldlinkcomputers

withtelephonecompanies,cabletelevisionstations,andothercommunicationsystems.People

couldbank,shop,watchTV,andperformmanyotheractivitiesthroughthenetwork.

39.ThispassageisabouttheoftheInternet.

Afuture.Bgeneralintroduction

Cuse.Dhistory.

40.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheInternetistrue?

A.ARPAwasthefirstnetusedbyAmericanuniversitiesandinstitutions.

B.ThehistoryoftheInternetcanbetracedbacktofiftyyearsago.

C.ThepurposeoftheInternetistoprotecttheworldintheeventofwar.

D.ARPAnetformedthefoundationoftheInternetnowadays...

41.TheInternetenablespeopletodoallthefollowingthingsEXCEPT.

Asendingemail.Bobtainingnews

Cexchangingmodem.Dinternetrelatedchat(IRC).

42.Accordingtothelastparagraph,inthefuture.

A.inmaybehardtopredictthedevelopmentoftheInternet.

B.theInternetwillbecomeanindispensablesuperhighway.

C.theInternetwillbeappliedmore.

D.theInternetwillcombinecablestations.

Questions43to46arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideologythatbiologyisdestiny.Accordingto

thisideology,basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes.These

differencesrequireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife.Womenaretheweakersexboth

physicallyandemotionally.Thus,theyarenaturallysuited,muchmoresothanmen,tothe

performanceofdomesticduties.Awomansplace,undernonnalcircumstances,iswithinthe

protectiveenvironmentofthehome.Naturehasdeterminedthatwomenplaycaretakerroles,such

aswifeandmotherandhomemaker.Ontheotherhand,menarebestsuitedtogooutsintosthe

competitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilitiesmustbetakenon.Menareto

betheproviders;womenandchildrenarendependents.H

Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethehouseholdshould

naturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththespecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Itisthus

appropriatefbrwomen,notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschool

teachers,householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.

Thesepositionsaresimplyanextensionofwomensdomesticrole.Infbrmaldistinctions

between"womensworknand"mensworkninthelaborforce,accordingtotheideology,are

simplyafunctionalreflectionofthebasicdifferencesbetweenthesexes,

Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillinanothersignificantway.For

thehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce.Thus,women

must,whetherathomeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysicalappearance.

Sogoestheideology.ltis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbiologicalandpsychological

differencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysexdefinedrolesinsociallife.Thereisample

evidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthattoexistare

largelylearned.

Buttothedegreepeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnatureintendedfor

menandwomentomakedifferentcontributionstosociety,sexdefinedroleswillbeseenas

totallyacceptable.

43.Womensplace,somepeoplethink,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome

because.

A.womencanprovidebettercarefbrthechildren.

B.womenaretooweaktodoanyagriculturalworkatall.

C.womenarebiologicallysuitedtodomesticjobs.

D.womencannotcompetewithmeninanyfield.

44.Accordingtotheauthor,sexroles.

Aaresociallydetermined

B.areemotionallyandphysicallydetermined.

C.canonlybedeterminedbywhateducationpeopletake.

D.arebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined.

45.Theauthorpointsoutthattheassignmentsofwomensrolesinwork.

A.aredeterminedbywhattheyarebettersuitedto.

B.growoutoftheirpositioninsidethehome.

C.reflectabasicdifferencebetweenmenandwomen.

D.aresuitabletothem,butnottomen.

46.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thedivisionofsexdefinedrolesiscompletelyunacceptable..

B.Womensrolesinworkaretoolimitedatpresent..

C.Inonesociety,menmightperformwhatisconsideredwomensdutiesbyanother.

D.Someofthewomensrolesindomesticdutiescannotbetakenoverbymen.

Questions47to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsense

oftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpanding

devices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis;it

includesinterventionssintosfbreigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,in

fact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionsintostheprivateeconomyaffects

internationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscamethetermnprotection.,,Butwhatis

newistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomic

relations.

TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictoryofthe

interventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumilerwrites,HTheold

protectionism??,coexisted,withoutanyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthe

marketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistribution

mechanism-indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissez

fhire(^{I?(M).Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticism

astotheabilityofthemarkettodistributeresourcesandincomestosocietiessatisfaction.H

Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefbrthe

protectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionof

resourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuch

redistributionsoftenarenotproper.Therefore,thegovernmentintervenes(干涉；干預(yù))tobring

aboutamoredesiredresult.

ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.In

Sweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostall

aspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednonnal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhat

lesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceand

continuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermanydarestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessive

interventionisminWesternEurope.ltalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfillWesternEuropean

economy.

ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnitedStatesaswellasinWestern

Europe.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolareby

nowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.

47.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing.

A.thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism.

B.thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism.

C.theemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworld.

D.thesignificanceofthewelfarestate.

48.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfarestatementioned

inthispassage?

AFreeeducationisavailabletoachild.

BLawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage.

CAjoblesspersoncanbeinsured.

DThereareregulationsforrent.

49.Whichofthefollowinginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?

A.Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnonwelfarestates.

B.Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise.

C.Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest.

D.GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethaninGreat

Britain...

50.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?

AWhendidthenewprotectionismarise?

B.WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries?.

C.DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritish

government?.

D.Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife?.

SectionB

Directions:.Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthengiveshortanswerstothefive

questions.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet..

Inatelevisioninterview,Mr.DanielBrummage,PresidentoftheInternationalOlympics

Committee,isdefendinghisCommitteesdecisiontoholdtheGamesagaininfouryearstime.

EversincethemodemOlympicGamesbeganin1896,theyvehadtheircritics.Everyform

ofcompetitiveactivityattractstrouble.ButpartoftheaimoftheGames,whentheywerefirstheld

inancientGreece,wastodiscouragewarbetweenstatesbyengagingtheminafriendlierkindof

combat.MyCommitteeandIintendtoseethattheygoondoingthis.

ThespiritofcompetitionintheGamesusesupalotofenergythatcouldbemoreharmfully

employed.Inmyopinion,itdoesalotofgood,gettingpeopletoforgettheirdifferencesina

communalactivity.AnycompetitororspectatorattheGamesorintheOlympicVillagewilltell

youthattheatmosphereoffriendshipthereisunfbrgettable:asiftheworldwereonebig

family.Andthehostilitiesthatthepressalwayslikestoexaggerate,onlyexistinafew

quarters.Whatwesufferfromisbadpublicity,nothadsportsmanship,

TheseGamesarethebiggestinternationalgatheringofanykindintheworld.Notonlydo

theybringsportsmentogether,buttheyuniteaworldpublic.Isnztthisasufficientreasonfbr

continuingthen?Ofcourse,afewpeoplearegoingtousethemasanoccasionfbrpropaganda（宣

傳）,butthisisnoreasonwhytheGamesshouldbecanceled.Whyshouldeveryharmlessactiv