專題06 閱讀理解說明文和應(yīng)用文26篇（中考真題+各區(qū)名校模擬）2023年廣州中考英語沖刺專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（原卷版）

專題07：閱讀理解說明文和應(yīng)用文26篇（3年真題+各區(qū)名校模擬）2023年廣州中考英語沖刺專題訓(xùn)練（原卷版）（2022·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.1．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.3．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends’unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.4．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon’tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.2.（2022·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.Figure1Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.6．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B．Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.7．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.3.（2021·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Thetop-sellingalbum(唱片),SongsoftheHumpbackWhale,wasmadepublicin1970.Thiscollectionofnaturerecordingschangedthewaymanypeoplethoughtaboutwhales,andithelpedsavethousandsofwhales’lives.ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington.Inthe1960s,Watlingtonwasmakingunderwaterrecordingswhenhenoticedsomestrange,deepsounds.Herealizedtheywerecomingfromwhales.WatlingtonplayedtherecordingsforapairofscientistsnamedRogerandKatyPayne.Whentheylistened,theyfellinlovewiththesebeautifulvoicesatonce.KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌劇)singer.Shealsonoticedanotherinterestingfact:thesoundshadclearpatterns.Accordingtoscientists,ananimalsoundwitharepeatingpatterniscalledasong.Somescientistsevencomparedthesesinginganimalstomusicians.ThePaynesthoughtthatotherpeopleshouldalsohearthebeautyofthewhales’songs.SoRogermadetherecordingsintoanalbum.Atthetimewhenthealbumcameout,whaleswereoftencaught,killedandtradedformoney.Somekindswereevenindangerofdyingout.Mostpeoplehadneverthoughtthatwhalescouldcommunicatethroughsongs.Butafterhearingthealbum,theybegantothinkdifferently.Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales.Musiciansbeganusingwhalesongsintheirmusic,andwhaleswereincludedinmoviesandtelevisionshows.In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade.Beforeit,inthe1950sand1960s,morethanfiftythousandwhalesperyearwerekilled.Afterit,thenumberwentdownbelowtwothousand.Itmightseemimpossiblethatjustonealbumcouldhelpsavethelivesofsomanywhales.Butthisalbumtoldpeoplesecretsaboutwhalesthathadlongbeenhiddenunderthesea.Itallowedwhalestofinallysharetheirsongswiththehumanworld.8．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tocallonpeopletosavewhales.B．Totellhowagoodalbumwasmade.C．Toshowthatwhalesarebornsingers.D．Tointroduceanalbumanditsstories.9．Whofirstfoundthespecialvoicesofthewhales?A．Asongrecorder. B．Anoperasinger. C．Asoundengineer. D．Ananimalscientist.10．WhatfactaboutthewhalessurprisedKatyPayne?A．Theycouldtalkwithscientists.B．Theycouldsinglikeanoperasinger.C．Theycouldrepeatinterestingsounds.D．Theycouldcommunicatethroughsongs.11．Whichisoneofthevaluesofthealbum?A．Itsuccessfullystoppeddeep-seawhaling.B．Ithelpedpeopleunderstandwhalesbetter.C．Itmadesomemusicandmoviestarspopular.D．Itencouragedmusicianstoworkwithscientists.4.（2021·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）LookingattheundonehomeworkonhisdeskalwaysmakesDavidGreyfeeluncomfortable.Moreoftenthannot,DavidleaveshishomeworkbehindandsurfstheInternetorwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastminute.“Butthelonger1wait,”saysDavid,aged15,“themoreIworry.”Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延)becausetheywanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatistoavoidthetask.Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.“Somepeopleprocrastinatecleaning.Somepeopleprocrastinatebycleaning,”saysProfessorPeterStone.Researchhasshownthatthetoptasksyoungpeopleprocrastinatearestudyingandgoingtobed.“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations,”Stoneadds.Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemthrive.Butresearchersdisagree.“Ididastudyseveralyearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime,”saysStone.“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter.”Nomatterwhatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcanleadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.Ifyou’vebeenprocrastinatingonformingahabitofexercise,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Alittlebitofprogresswillgetyoumoving.Next,findsomethingtohelpyouremembertotakeaction.Ifyouwanttogotobedat10:30pm,youmightsetatimeddimmerswitch(漸暗開關(guān))at10pm.Whenthelightsaredimmer,you’llstartgoingtobed.Itworksformostpeople.Finally,rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream.Butbecareful:itwon’tworktheotherwayaround.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．Adayofaprocrastinator B．Procrastination:yesorno?C．Saygoodbyetoprocrastination D．Wanttofeelgoodnow?Procrastinate!13．Whatisthemainreasonforpeople’sprocrastination?A．Theywanttoavoiddoinghardwork. B．Theyfeartoloseandletothersdown.C．Theyneedtofinishthetoptasksfirst. D．Theyplantodotheenjoyabletaskslast.14．Theunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A．thinkfaster B．workmoresuccessfullyC．giveupmoreeasily D．worrytoomuch15．WhatshouldDaviddoifhewantstostopprocrastinatingonawritingtask?A．Putonsomesoftmusictohelpthinkactively.B．Enjoyafavouriteice-cream,andthenstartwriting.C．SearchtheInternetforenoughideasbeforestarting.D．Pickupapenandwritedownpossiblestartingsentences.5.（2020·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）FiveinterestingsportsOurmostunusualsportsfromaroundtheworldEverycountryhasanationalsportandsomepopularsportsarenowplayedacrosstheworld,However,inmostcountries,peoplealsoplayunusualsports,withstrangeorinterestingrules.Hereareourtopfiveunusualsportsfromaroundtheplanet.Manvs.HorseMarathonThisracetakesplaceinasmalltowninWales,about200milesfromLondon.It’scalledamarathon(馬拉松),butit'sactually35.4km,not42.2kmlikeausualmarathon.Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.Itstartedin1981,butahumandidnotwinuntil2004.CamelWrestlingInTurkey,camel（駱駝）wrestlingisaveryoldsport.Thelargestcamelwrestlingcompetitiontakesplaceeveryyearandthousandsofpeoplecome.Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.DragonBoatRacingEveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.AdragonboatisatraditionalChineseboatwithapainteddragon'sheadononeend.Therecanbeupto36peopleormoreracingineachboatinthewater.DragonboatracingisalsopopularinsomeotherAsiancountries.CaberTossInthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.It’sanancientScottishsport.VisitorstotheUKcancheckitout.ChessBoxingAgoodchessboxerneedstobebothstrongandsmart.Playersplayaroundofchess,followedbyaroundofboxing.Thereareelevenroundsintotal.Chessboxingwasinventedin1992byanEnglishcomicbookwriter.ThesportismorepopularinEnglandandGermany.16．WhatcanwelearnaboutManvs.HorseMarathon?A．itisanoutdoorsport. B．Itfirstappeared16yearsago.C．Nohumanhaseverwonthegame. D．Itfollowstherulesofausualmarathon.17．WhichofthefollowingismentionedaboutCamelWrestling?A．Itshouldbestopped. B．It’sworthseeing.C．Itsunfairtotheanimals. D．It’ssometimesdangeroustowatch.18．WhichpicturebestdescribesCaberToss?A． B． C． D．19．WhichsportispopularinAsia?A．Manvs.HorseMarathon. B．DragonBoatRacing.C．CaberToss. D．ChessBoxing.20．Howmanysportshaveanimalsasplayers?A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4.6.（2020·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whatwillastronauts（宇航員）eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?“Lotsoffreshvegetables,”saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit’sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork,becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.Asusual,astronautGeorgeWhitelookedintotheclosedplantroom.HehadplantedDr.Williams’squick-growingseedlingsinit,butnoneofthestemswereshowing.Heopenedtheroomtocheckandfoundtheproblem.Thestemsweren’tgrowingupwardandtherootsweren'tgrowingdownward.OnEarth,gravity（重力）helpsaplant’sstemsandrootstofind“up”and“down”.However,inthespacestation,therewasalmostnogravity.Dr.Williamssuggestedasolution:givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight,thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown.NowDr.Williamswasfreetoworryaboutthenextproblem:Wouldherbabyplantslivetoflower?Canwegrowfoodonaspacejourney?Manyplantsdiedinthespacestation.Dr.Williamsthoughtsheknewwhy:thespaceplantswerehungryforair.PlantslivebytakingupCO2fromtheair.Sinceaplantusesitupintheairaround,theplantneedsmovingairtobringmoreCO2closetoitssurface!OnEarth,theairisalwaysmoving.Gravitypullsdowncoldair,andwarmairrises.Andwiththeseairmovements,plantsgetenoughCO2.Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.Theplantslovedit.Theyfloweredandevenproducedmoreseeds.UsingDr.Williams'smethod,astronautGeorgecompletedthefirstseed-to-seedexperimentinspace,andmovedoneplantclosertoagardeninspace.“Andthis,”saysDr.Williams,“isgoodnewsforlong-termspacetravel.”21．WhyhaveDr.Williams’steamtriedtogrowplantsinspace?A．Toproducefreshairforastronauts.B．Tohelpastronautsrelaxthemselves.C．Toprovidefoodforlongspacejourneys.D．Tomakethespacegardenmorebeautiful.22．HowdidlighthelpsolvetheproblemmentionedinParagraph3?A．Itcausedthegravitytochange.B．Itencouragedtheplantstogrowfaster.C．Ithelpedtheplantstogrowintherightdirection.D．Itshowedtheastronautswheretoplantvegetables.23．Whydidmanyplantsdieinthespacestation?A．Thelightwastoostrong.B．TherewastoomuchCO2.C．Therewasnotenoughroomtogrow.D．Theairconditionwasnotgoodenough.24．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7refersto________.A．themovingair B．theclosedroom C．thespacejourney D．thespacegarden25．WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Williams’steamfromthepassage?A．Theymainlyliveonfreshvegetables.B．Theyhavesuccessfullybuiltaspacegarden.C．Theyinventedaspecialfanfortheirgreenhouse.D．Theyhaveworkedonspacegardeningformanyyears.7.（2022·廣東廣州·越秀區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模）“I’mbored!”issomethingparentsoftenhear,andtheyusuallyrespondbyorganizingsomeactivitiesfortheirkidstodo.Butisthatreallyhelpfultothem?Boredommeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeopleandsomemayarguethatboredommeansyouarenotspendingyourtimetakingpartinmeaningfulactivities.“Onlyboringpeoplegetbored!”someparentshavecried.Someofthemcangetsoworriedaboutthekidsbecomingupset,angryorfeelingleftout,sotheytryandschedulesomethingeveryday.Upuntilchildrenareintheirearlyteens,theyreallydon’tunderstandthemeaningoftime.Therefore,theydon’tknowhowtomanageit.Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.Someparentsthinkthatitismoreimportanttoorganizeactivitiesandoutingseverydayandcreateschedulestomakelifeeasier.Everyhourofthedayshouldbeusedtokeepthelittlemindsactiveandhappy.However,itcanmakethechildrenthinkthattheyalwaysneedtobebusydoingsomething.Asaresult,often,whenlifegetsinthewayandsomethingdoesn’tgoaccordingtoplan,achildcaneasilybecomeannoyed,impatientandangrybecausetheydon’tknowwhattodowiththemselves.Theyhaven’thadachanceto“nothing”.Thiscausesstressonbothparentsandchildren.Parentsshouldn’tfeelliketheyhavetofilltheboredomwithsomethingusefuloreducational.Bygivingchildrentimetothinkandcreateandusetheirownimagination,parentsareallowingthekidstolearnskillsandqualitiessuchasself-belief,workinghard,self-confidence,playfulness,beingfocusedandusingtheirimaginationwithouttraining.26．Thewriterdevelopshisideaby________.A．tellingstories B．givingreasons C．listingnumbers D．makingcomparison27．Somechildrenaredyingtogetfreeplaybecause________.A．theirparentsalwaysrequirethemtodolotsofthingsB．theydon’tknowhowtomanagetheirsparetimeatallC．theywanttofilltheboredomwithmeaningfulactivitiesD．theirparentsbelievethateveryhourshouldbewellused28．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．GuardingagainstBoredomB．GettingawayfromBoredomC．BoredomBuildsupConfidenceD．NewUnderstandingofBoredom8.（2022·廣東廣州·荔灣區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模）Guangzhou,thecapitalofGuangdongprovince,isknownasthe“cityofflowers”.Locatedinasubtropicalzone,thecityhaslongsummersandwarmwinters,withevergreenlushtreesandgrass,andflowersinallseasons.TheGuangzhoupeoplehavealonghistoryofplantingflowers,appreciatingflowersandsendingflowersasgifts.OneparticularoccasionfallseveryyearduringtheSpringFestivalatthecity’sfamousspring-greetingflowermarkets.TheactofappreciatingtheChineseflowerstogetherbecomesasymboloffamilyget-togetherandservestoinspirehopefortheirwellbeingintheNewYear.Thousandsofpeoplegototheflowermarketswiththeirfamiliesorfriends,toadmireandbuyflowers.Movingalongwiththecrowdsinthestreets,theendlessbeautifulflowersandthesongsoftheChineseNewYearcreateacheerfulatmosphere.Inaword,itisfantasticforeverybody,fromlittlechildrentotheelderly.“Lastyear,IwenttoanearbyflowermarketwithmyfamilyaftertheSpringFestivalEvedinnerandboughtbunchesofcockscombflowers,”saidFengQiuping,aretiredwomanwhohasbeenlivinginGuangzhouformorethan30years.“ThefireredcolourmatchedthejoyofSpringFestival,”sheadded.Whenthecityslogan—“CelebrateSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,EnjoyBeautifulBlossomsinFlowerCity”—wasputforwardin2013,theactivitiescelebratingSpringFestivalinGuangzhouwereextendedtoaseriesofeventslastingfromthefirstdayofSpringFestivaltothe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Guangzhouhasbeenknownasthe“cityofflowers”sincetheMingDynasty(1368-1644)becausetherewereregularjasmineflowermarketssetatallthegatesofthecityduringdaytime.Nowadays,hundredsofflowersspeciesareplantedforresidentsandvisitors.Atotalof140flower-themedlandscapesweresetupinthecityrecently.Seasonalflowersbloomoneafteranother.Theofficialcityflower,redkapok,blossomsinMarch.Besidestheconstructionofflowerlandscapes,thecityhasplannedtoplantmoretreesandkeepeverypieceofgreen.“GuangzhouhasbeenundertakinggreatchangessinceImovedherein1980s,”saidFeng.“Thestreetsarecleaner,thewaterclearerandtheskyiscrystalblue.Irecommendmorepeopletocomehere,livehereandfindabeautifullifeforthemselves.”29．WhyisGuangzhouknownasthe“cityofflowers”?A．GuangzhouisthecapitalofGuangdongprovince.B．PeopleinGuangzhouknowhowtoplantflowerswell.C．ThecitysetregularflowermarketsatallgatesinMingDynasty.D．Itliesinasubtropicalzonewithlongsummersandwarmwinters.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Themovingcrowdinthestreet. B．Thestreetwithendlessflowers.C．ThesongoftheChineseNewYear. D．Theatmosphereinflowermarkets.31．Accordingtothearticle,weknowthatFengQiuping______.A．wasbornandgrewupinGuangzhouB．livedinthecityofGuangzhouwithoutfamilyC．visitedGuangzhouforatripinthe1980sD．hasexperiencedthedevelopmentofGuangzhou32．Thewriterwrotethisarticleinorderto______.A．introducethehistoryandthecustomsoftheflowermarketsB．showGuangzhoulivesuptoitsnameofthe“cityofflowers”C．a(chǎn)ttractmoreandmoreretiredworkerstomovetoGuangzhouD．reporthowfantastictheflowermarketswereinGuangzhou9.（2022·廣東廣州·番禺區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模）Beingateenagercanbechallenging,butitcanalsobeexciting.You’rebecomingmoreindependentandmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarealsolearningtotakerisksandsolveproblemsbetter.Andchangesarehappeningthroughoutyourbody,eveninyourbrain.Thechangesinyourbrainareinfluencinghowyoudevelopintoanadult.Imaginethestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofyourbrainislikeabigroadmap.Lotsofroadsleadtodifferentdestinations（目的地）.Whenyouwereachild,asyoulearntnewthings,yourbraincreatedmoreandmoreroadstodifferentdestinations.Bythetimeyoubecomeateenager,manydifferentroadsleadtothemostimportantplacesonthemap.Nowyourbrain'sjobistomakethatmapmoreefficient.Asaresult,yourexperiencesasateenageractuallyinfluencethewaythatyourbraindevelops.Ifyouspendhoursplayingvideogames,whatskillsdoyouuse?Youlearntoseesomethingwithyoureyesandrespondtoitwithyourhands.Asyoudevelopthoseskills,yourbrainismakingsurethattheroadsleadingtothemareespeciallyfastandefficient.So,yourvideo-gameplayingcouldbepreparingyouforacareersuchasapilot.Thisisagreattimeforyoutopracticenewskillsanddiscoverwhatyou'regoodatandtrywhatyoulovedoing.Gooutandtrydifferentactivities,andsticktothemifyouthinkthey’reuseful.Rememberthatwitheverythingyoudo,you’reshapingyourbrainforthefuture.33．Whathappensaschildrenlearnnewthings?A．Theirbrainsmakethemapsmoreefficient.B．Thestructuresoftheirbrainsarelikebigroadmaps.C．Theirbrainscreatemoreroadstodifferentdestinations.D．Manydifferentroadsleadtothemostimportantplaces.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Yourbrain. B．Somethingyousee.C．Yourskill. D．Somethingyoulearn.35．What’sthewriter’sadviceforteenagers?A．Teenagersshouldlearntobemoreindependent.B．Teenagersshouldworkharderandmoreefficiently.C．Teenagersshouldplaymorevideogamesinordertobeapilot.D．Teenagersshouldexperiencemoreandsticktotheusefulactivities.36．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MakingDecisionsforYourself. B．DevelopingYourBrainfortheFuture.C．WaysofChangingYourBrain. D．ChangesHappeninginYourBrain.10.（2022·廣東廣州·花都區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模）The2022BeijingWinterOlympicshascreatedthehighestviewingrateinthehistoryoftheWinterOlympics.ItutilizedsomeofChina’snewestachievementsinscienceandtechnology.HerearesomeofthedifferenttechnologiesusedinBeijing.Venues（場館）TheGames’venueshaveundergonemanyinnovations（創(chuàng)新）.Onemajoroneistheworld’sfirstvenuethatshiftedfromaswimmingcentertoacurlingsheet（冰壺場）:theNationalAquaticsCenter.Formerlyknownas“WaterCube”,asithostedtheswimminganddivingcompetitionsinthe2008SummerOlympics,thecenterisnowcalledthe“IceCube”,settohostcurlingcompetitions.FollowingtheGames,thevenuewillcontinuetobeusedforbothwinterandsummersports,switchingbetweenthetwodependingontheseason.RobotsAseriesofdifferentkindsofrobotsweredeployedtohelpvisitorsandathletes.SomemachineswerealsousedtoenforcesocialdistancingrequirementsrelatedtoCOVID-19.Robotswerealsotransportingequipment,cleaningsurfacesandpreparingandcarryingfoodtolimithuman-to-humancontact.“Smart”wastecontainerswerealsoused,aswellasmachinesthatcouldmakeandservealcoholicdrinksandcoffee.Hydrogen-fueledvehicles（氫燃料汽車）Zhangjiakouputintouse655hydrogen-fueledvehiclesfortransportationandlogistics（物流）supportservicesduringthegames.Ahydrogen-fueledvehiclecanberefueledquickly,andrealizealowtemperaturestartof-30℃.Eachvehicletravelling10,000kmcanreducecarbondioxideemissionbyabout11.8tons.“First,ourhydrogenvehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandenergysaving.Second,it’ssafer.Third,it’ssuitableforcoldareas,”saidabusdriverinZhangjiakou.SuperHigh-Speed4KCameraSystemThesuperhigh-speed4Kcamerasystem,orcalled“4Kcheetah”developedbytheChinaMediaGroupoverthepastfiveyears,wasusedforbroadcastingthespeedskatingevents.Duringthespeedskatingcompetition,thespeedofathletescanreach15to18meterspersecond,whichisabout50kilometresperhour,andsomeathletescanevenreach70kilometresperhour,whichrequiresareal-timesynchronization（同步）ofthespeedofbroadcastequipment.Withthisequipment,refereescouldidentifyallofathletes’movementswiththeirnakedeyes.37．Theunderlinedword“shifted”inParagraph2means________.A．developed B．changed C．destroyed D．disappeared38．Whattechnologywasusedtohelpmakesuretherequiredsocialdistance?A．Robots. B．Venues.C．Hydrogen-fueledvehicles. D．4KCameraSystem.39．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Allofthecleaning,servingandcookingweredonebymachines.B．Ahydrogen-fueledbusmightstopworkingatalowtemperature.C．Refereescouldseethemovementsoftheathletesthrough“4Kcheetah”.D．The“IceCube”willcontinuetobeusedforwintersportsalltheyearround.40．Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A．Totellustheimportanceofscienceandtechnology.B．ToshowtheworldhowadvancedChinahasbecome.C．ToencouragestudentstovolunteerinthenextOlympicGames.D．Tointroducesometechnologiesusedatthe2022WinterOlympics.11.（2022·廣東廣州·南沙區(qū)統(tǒng)考一模）Inmanycountries,peopleareencouragedtobuyelectriccars.Itissaidthatdrivinganelectriccarisgoodfortheenvironment.Butisthattrue?TheUniversityofMinnesotarecentlystudiedemissions（排放物）fromdifferentcars.Thescientistsfoundthatsometimes,electriccarsaremoreharmfulthanpetrol（汽油）cars.Surprising?Well,pleasepayattentiontotheword“sometimes”.Electriccarsaresupposedtobeclean.Theproblemliesinthepowerthatisusedtocharge（充電）them.Ifthepowercomesfromwindorsolarenergy,electriccarswillcauselittlepollution.However,ifthepowerisproducedfromcoal,theywillbeveryharmful.Accordingtothestudy,emissionsfromthesecarskillabout3,000peopleayear.However,pollutioncausedbypetrolcarsonlyleadsto880deathsayear.Infact,salespeoplearenotlyingwhentheysayelectriccarsareclean.However,theyarerightonlywhenthepowerusedtochargetheircarsisalsoclean.Sohowcleanelectriccarsaredependsonwhatitselectricitycomesfrom.InFrance,morethanhalfofthepowercomesfromnucle