2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語(yǔ)寒假作業(yè)（十一）

第1頁(yè)（共1頁(yè)）2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語(yǔ)寒假作業(yè)（十一）一．選擇題（共10小題）1．（2023秋?越秀區(qū)校級(jí)期中）________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（）A．Anyone B．Theperson C．Whoever D．Who2．（2011?西城區(qū)二模）leftthedoorunlockedmustbeheldresponsiblefortheaccident．（）A．Whomever B．Whoever C．Whatever D．Whenever3．（2022秋?河?xùn)|區(qū)校級(jí)期末）________theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus．（）A．As B．If C．Whether D．That4．（2017秋?無(wú)錫期中）saysthatschoolyearsarethebesttimeofone'slifeisprobablyanadult﹣onewho'sforgottenthehardworkofbeingatschool．（）A．Whatever B．Whichever C．Whomever D．Whoever5．thegreatChinesepoetwasbornisunknowntothepublic.（）A．If B．As C．Where D．What6．（2020?天津模擬）Whenthesun'srayshittheearth，alotofheatbackintospace．（）A．a(chǎn)rereflected B．isreflected C．reflects D．werereflected7．Inourcompany，onlyafewareforthedecision，buttherest______allagainstit.（）A．a(chǎn)re B．being C．hasbeen D．is8．Youmustkeepit_______inmindthateducationisthefirstproductivity.（）A．mildly B．firmly C．tightly D．roughly9．（2012?安徽）Walmart，whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains，someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays．（）A．keeps B．keep C．havekept D．hadkept10．﹣WhatisMsLanelike？﹣Well，sheisefficientandhasanenormousforhardwork.（）A．a(chǎn)ttempt B．preference C．capacity D．confidence二．完形填空（共1小題）11．WhenIwasinelementaryschool，Ienjoyedtellinglies.Thatwasalotof（1）.AsIgotolder，my（2）continued.Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.ButwhenIwas15，thatall（3）ImetsomeoneIreally（4），whoputmeonthepathtohonesty.Inmyusualfashion，Itoldhimliesjustliketellingotherpeople.Imadeup（5）togethimtobemoreinterestedinme（6）Iwasn'tsureifthetruthwouldbeenoughtomakehimwanttocontinueworkingwithme.Butheknewmesowell.Onedayhetoldme，"Ican'ttalktoyouonthe（7）anymorebecauseIcan'tseeyoureyes，andsoIamnotsurewhenyouarelyingtome."That（8）shockedme，becauseIdidn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim，andhewaswillingtoendour（9）forthoselies.I（10）atthatmomentthatIwouldneverlietohimagain.Itwasa（11）transition（轉(zhuǎn)變）tomakebecauseIwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.Butbecauseofhim，Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain（12）histrustinmewasrebuilt.ThatwashowIlearnedthe（13）ofhonesty.feltmore（14）whenItoldthetruth.AsMerlinsaidinamovie，"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld."Itis（15）.（1）A．prideB．reliefC．careD．fun（2）A．blamingB．lyingC．strugglingD．designing（3）A．changedB．spreadC．returnedD．completed（4）A．helpedoutB．putawayC．lookeduptoD．caughtupwith（5）A．ordersB．storiesC．poemsD．songs（6）A．thoughB．whileC．becauseD．but（7）A．stagB．groundC．phoneD．street（8）A．nearlyB．graduallyC．slowlyD．really（9）A．friendshipB．journeyC．loveD．discussion（10）A．provedB．promisedC．prayedD．imagined（11）A．hardB．smoothC．frequentD．violent（12）A．AtonceB．AtfirstC．ForlongD．Intime（13）A．costB．traditionC．valueD．condition（14）A．lonelyB．carefulC．powerfulD．independent（15）A．trueB．luckyC．possibleD．silly三．閱讀理解（共2小題）12．（2023?龍川縣校級(jí)模擬）LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth."You'remystrongestarmor（盔甲）andsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears，"Liuwroteinthelettertoherdaughter，8，andson，6，justdaysbeforebeinglaunchedintospaceforthesecondtimeonJune5ontheShenzhouXIVmission.Liu，43，becameChina'sfirstfemaleastronautin2012，whenshespent13daysinspaceduringtheShenzhouIXmission.DuringtheShenzhouXIVmission，shewillstayattheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths，workingwithtwomalecolleaguestocompletetheconstructionofthestation.ManypeoplesaidthatLiu'swordsallowedthemtoseethatanationalheroisalsoanordinarymother，andtheywishedforhersafereturn."Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes，"commentedonenetizenonSinaWeibo，China'sTwitter﹣likemicro﹣bloggingplatform."Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed，"LiutoldthemediaaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouXIVmission."WhenIwasabouttoreturntotheorbitalmoduleduringtheShenzhouIXmission，Istoppedandturnedaroundtosalute（致敬）theexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong，"Liusaid.Intheletter，sheencouragedherchildrennottobeafraidoffailurewhilepursuingtheirdreams.Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool."AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless，"shewroteintheletter."Mybabies，ifyoumissme，justlookupintothestarrysky.Everytimeyouseethestarstwinkle，it'sbecauseI'msaying'Iloveyou'."（1）WhatisthecommonreasonforLiu'sandnetizen'stears？A．Liu'saffectionforherchildren.B．Liu'sindifferentexpressions.C．Liu'sseparationfromherfamily.D．Liu'srefusaltomeetwithherkids.（2）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiutakingovertheShenzhouXIVmission？A．Considerateandexcited.B．Talkativeandexpectant.C．Readyandhonest.D．Confidentandequipped.（3）WhatisLiu'spurposeofwritingthisletter？A．Toencouragekidstotry.B．Tosaygoodbyetoherchildren.C．Tocatchpublicattention.D．Topraisethespiritofspace.（4）Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？A．Asciencemagazine.B．Awomanautobiography.C．AChinesetextbook.D．Anewscoverage.13．（2023春?武強(qiáng)縣校級(jí)期末）IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse，Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots；whyraisethem？WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil，itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuse？Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinctcomesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou，requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere，begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers，growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse.（1）Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？A．Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots.B．HealwaysmakesdecisionsinApril.C．Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland.D．Heenjoysthegardeninspring.（2）Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic？A．Highprice.B．Environmentalconcern.C．Poorfunction.D．Personalpreference.（3）Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral？A．Gardeningrequireswisdom.B．Gardeningoffersmoraladvice.C．Gardeningimprovesparenting.D．Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．ToGardenorNotB．WhatIGardenforC．HowtoGardenD．WisdomfromGardens四．其他閱讀題型（共1小題）14．（2024秋?海淀區(qū)校級(jí)期中）Itwasn'tlongafterIfinishedhighschoolthatIassuredmyparentstheyneedn'tworryaboutmyexpensesanymore.Iwasdeterminedtoliveindependentlyandmakethemproud.Mygoalwastosecureajobimmediatelyaftergraduationandcontributefinanciallytomyfamily.Withdreamsofabrightfuturedancinginmyeyes，Ibeganapplyingforcourseswithscholarshipsandjobsinmyfieldofinterest.However，duetofinancialandmedicalsetbacks，Ifacednothingbutrejections.Undeterred，Ipersistedinmyapplications，onlytobeturneddowneachtime.Afternumerousattempts，Ireluctantlyabandonedmyinitialdreamsandambitions，decidingtoswitchtoanotherfield.Mysoleobjectivebecametocompletemystudiesasquicklyaspossible，andso，onmyfriends'advice，Ichosetostudytourism.Inparallel，Icontinuedtoapplyforjobs，butwasconsistentlydeniedduetobeingtooyoungorbecauseIwantedtostudyalongsideworking.Whilemypeersweresecuringgoodpositions，Istruggledtomakeendsmeetandhadtoaskmyparentsforfinancialsupport.Peoplebegantoridiculeme，sayingthingslike."Youcan'tdoanything，"or"You'restilllivingoffyourparentswhileothersyouragearestandingontheirowntwofeet."Inearlylosthope，butmyparentsalwaysreassuredmeoftheirpride，regardlessofwhetherIhadajobornot.TheybelievedthingswouldturnaroundandknewIwasdoingmybest.Aftersixmonthsofrelentlesseffort，Ifinallylandedajobwith，theMinistryofTourism.Myfather'swordscametrueandmylifetookaturnforthebetter，IaccomplishedthingsIneverthoughtpossible，fromdivingandtravelingtoresortsandislandswithinourcountry.Afterninemonthsofworkingthere，mydreamoftravelingabroadcametrue.Today，IaminEurope，studyingonascholarshipandhavingvisitedeightdifferentcountriessofar.Interestingly，theparentsofthosewhooncemockedmenowholdmeupasanexampletotheirownchildren.Iamincrediblyfortunateandgratefulformylovingandsupportiveparents；withouttheirencouragement，Iwouldnothaveachievedanyofthis.Theirfaithinmewasthedrivingforcethathelpedmeovercomeadversityandrealizemypotential.（1）Whatwastheauthor'sgoalrightaftergraduatingfromhighschool？（2）Whydidtheauthorchoosetostudytourism？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whenpeoplelaughedatme，Inearlylosthope，butmyparentsbelievedIwasdoingmybestandaskedmetoacceptwhatIwas.（4）Pleaseintroduceoneofyourexperiencesofgettingfamilysupportwhenyouwerefacedwithdifficulties.（Inabout40words）五．書(shū)面表達(dá)（共1小題）15．（2024?吉州區(qū)校級(jí)三模）高中三年即將結(jié)束，回顧豐富多彩的校園生活，哪一次校園活動(dòng)給你留下了美好而深刻的印象呢？請(qǐng)你以"TheMostImpressiveSchoolActivity"為題，根據(jù)以下提示寫(xiě)一篇短文，向?？陡?。內(nèi)容包括：（1）介紹活動(dòng)過(guò)程；（2）分享個(gè)人感受。注意：（1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。TheMostImpressiveSchoolActivity

2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語(yǔ)寒假作業(yè)（十一）參考答案與試題解析題號(hào)12345678910答案CBDDCBABAC一．選擇題（共10小題）1．（2023秋?越秀區(qū)校級(jí)期中）________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（）A．Anyone B．Theperson C．Whoever D．Who【答案】C【分析】任何人最后一個(gè)出去應(yīng)該要關(guān)燈?！窘獯稹烤湟猓喝魏稳俗詈笠粋€(gè)出去應(yīng)該要關(guān)燈。此空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，表示"任何人"應(yīng)用whoever。A、B選項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為Anyonewho和Thepersonwho，whoever任何人符合語(yǔ)境。故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】主語(yǔ)從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無(wú)詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問(wèn)含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。2．（2011?西城區(qū)二模）leftthedoorunlockedmustbeheldresponsiblefortheaccident．（）A．Whomever B．Whoever C．Whatever D．Whenever【答案】B【分析】無(wú)論誰(shuí)只要沒(méi)有鎖門(mén)的人就必須對(duì)這次事故負(fù)責(zé)．【解答】答案B．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，整個(gè)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為"mustbeheldresponsiblefor"，"空格處leftthedoorunlocked"為主語(yǔ)部分即主語(yǔ)從句，分析主語(yǔ)從句中結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語(yǔ)為"left"，之前缺少主語(yǔ)而且指人，因此這里應(yīng)該用連接代詞，從而排除D項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)（Whatever指物不指人）；A項(xiàng)"Whomever"在句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，不能做主語(yǔ)，從而排除A；因此B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選B．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞性從句．解答此類(lèi)題目首先要讀懂句意和分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷是哪一種從句，然后分析從句中的成分，如果從句中不缺主賓表等成分，則應(yīng)根據(jù)句意來(lái)鎖定連接詞．3．（2022秋?河?xùn)|區(qū)校級(jí)期末）________theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus．（）A．As B．If C．Whether D．That【答案】D【分析】考查主語(yǔ)從句，句意：天氣到下周才會(huì)晴，這對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)壞消息．【解答】theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek天氣到下周才會(huì)晴，這是事實(shí)，所以排除B和C選項(xiàng)，此句作主語(yǔ)，排除A選項(xiàng)，as不引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，此句是完整句子，不缺少句子成分，所以用that．引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中不作成分，無(wú)含義．答案為D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】弄清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理清連接詞的含義及功能．4．（2017秋?無(wú)錫期中）saysthatschoolyearsarethebesttimeofone'slifeisprobablyanadult﹣onewho'sforgottenthehardworkofbeingatschool．（）A．Whatever B．Whichever C．Whomever D．Whoever【答案】D【分析】凡是說(shuō)學(xué)校年是一生中最好的時(shí)光的人，可能是一個(gè)成年人忘記了在學(xué)校的辛苦學(xué)習(xí)．【解答】分析句子成分可知is前面是主語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，用whoever引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于anyonewho，whatever凡是…的東西；whichever凡是哪一個(gè)；whomever在從句中作賓語(yǔ)．故選：D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查名詞性從句，首先判斷屬于哪種名詞性從句，再判斷從句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主賓表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑問(wèn)詞根據(jù)句意判斷．5．thegreatChinesepoetwasbornisunknowntothepublic.（）A．If B．As C．Where D．What【答案】C【分析】公眾不知道這位偉大的中國(guó)詩(shī)人在哪里出生的。【解答】這里使用連接詞連接主語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)從句不缺主賓表，不能用what，而且根據(jù)句意可知用where引導(dǎo)。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷，從而選出正確答案。考生做此類(lèi)題型，要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理解句意，考慮語(yǔ)境，選擇恰當(dāng)詞。切忌：粗心大意，慣性判斷。要注意細(xì)心分析驗(yàn)證，得出答案。6．（2020?天津模擬）Whenthesun'srayshittheearth，alotofheatbackintospace．（）A．a(chǎn)rereflected B．isreflected C．reflects D．werereflected【答案】B【分析】太陽(yáng)光線(xiàn)照射到地球時(shí)，大量的熱被反射向太空．【解答】根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，本句描述的是自然現(xiàn)象，所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，heat和reflect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，所以用isreflected．故選：B．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習(xí)慣性、真理性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或者動(dòng)作有時(shí)間規(guī)律發(fā)生的事件的一種時(shí)間狀態(tài)．在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，"時(shí)"指動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，"態(tài)"指動(dòng)作的樣子和狀態(tài)．7．Inourcompany，onlyafewareforthedecision，buttherest______allagainstit.（）A．a(chǎn)re B．being C．hasbeen D．is【答案】A【分析】在我們公司，只有一部分人同意這個(gè)決定，但其余的人都反對(duì)這個(gè)決議?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)上文的are和句意可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)therest指代therestofpeople，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和people一致，選擇復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選：A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。學(xué)生需正確理解句意，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞句判斷句子時(shí)態(tài)，從而使用動(dòng)詞的正確形式，判斷主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)，從而確定謂語(yǔ)形式。8．Youmustkeepit_______inmindthateducationisthefirstproductivity.（）A．mildly B．firmly C．tightly D．roughly【答案】B【分析】你必須牢牢記住教育是第一生產(chǎn)力?！窘獯稹緼.mildly溫和地；善良地；B.firmly堅(jiān)定地；牢固地；C.tightly緊緊地；D.roughly粗略地。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)"keepinmind"可知，"firmly堅(jiān)定地；牢固地"符合句意。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷，從而選出正確答案?？忌龃祟?lèi)題型，要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理解句意，考慮語(yǔ)境，選擇合適選項(xiàng)。切忌：粗心大意，慣性判斷。要注意細(xì)心分析驗(yàn)證，得出答案。9．（2012?安徽）Walmart，whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains，someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays．（）A．keeps B．keep C．havekept D．hadkept【答案】A【分析】沃爾瑪，美國(guó)最大的連鎖超市之一，從周一到周六它的一些超市24小時(shí)開(kāi)門(mén)．【解答】which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句．由于主語(yǔ)Walmart是單三，排除B，整句陳述的是事實(shí)。故選：A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析．主要要弄清句意、時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞的意思．10．﹣WhatisMsLanelike？﹣Well，sheisefficientandhasanenormousforhardwork.（）A．a(chǎn)ttempt B．preference C．capacity D．confidence【答案】C【分析】﹣﹣Lane女士是什么樣的人？﹣﹣嗯，她工作效率很高，特別能吃苦耐勞?！窘獯稹緼.attempt努力，試圖；B.preference喜好，偏愛(ài)；C.capacity多用于人，指勝任某項(xiàng)具體工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未發(fā)揮的潛在能力；D.confidence信心。hasanenormouscapacity意為"特別能吃苦耐勞"。故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】先明白題干大意，再分析選項(xiàng)含義，選出正確且最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。二．完形填空（共1小題）11．WhenIwasinelementaryschool，Ienjoyedtellinglies.Thatwasalotof（1）D.AsIgotolder，my（2）Bcontinued.Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.ButwhenIwas15，thatall（3）AImetsomeoneIreally（4）C，whoputmeonthepathtohonesty.Inmyusualfashion，Itoldhimliesjustliketellingotherpeople.Imadeup（5）Btogethimtobemoreinterestedinme（6）CIwasn'tsureifthetruthwouldbeenoughtomakehimwanttocontinueworkingwithme.Butheknewmesowell.Onedayhetoldme，"Ican'ttalktoyouonthe（7）CanymorebecauseIcan'tseeyoureyes，andsoIamnotsurewhenyouarelyingtome."That（8）Dshockedme，becauseIdidn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim，andhewaswillingtoendour（9）Aforthoselies.I（10）BatthatmomentthatIwouldneverlietohimagain.Itwasa（11）Atransition（轉(zhuǎn)變）tomakebecauseIwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.Butbecauseofhim，Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain（12）Dhistrustinmewasrebuilt.ThatwashowIlearnedthe（13）Cofhonesty.feltmore（14）CwhenItoldthetruth.AsMerlinsaidinamovie，"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld."Itis（15）A.（1）A．prideB．reliefC．careD．fun（2）A．blamingB．lyingC．strugglingD．designing（3）A．changedB．spreadC．returnedD．completed（4）A．helpedoutB．putawayC．lookeduptoD．caughtupwith（5）A．ordersB．storiesC．poemsD．songs（6）A．thoughB．whileC．becauseD．but（7）A．stagB．groundC．phoneD．street（8）A．nearlyB．graduallyC．slowlyD．really（9）A．friendshipB．journeyC．loveD．discussion（10）A．provedB．promisedC．prayedD．imagined（11）A．hardB．smoothC．frequentD．violent（12）A．AtonceB．AtfirstC．ForlongD．Intime（13）A．costB．traditionC．valueD．condition（14）A．lonelyB．carefulC．powerfulD．independent（15）A．trueB．luckyC．possibleD．silly【答案】（1）﹣（5）DBACB（6）﹣（10）CCDAB（11）﹣（15）ADCCA【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講了作者因?yàn)槿鲋e差點(diǎn)失去友誼，又因?yàn)椴辉偃鲋e而重獲信任的故事，讓作者最終明白了誠(chéng)實(shí)的價(jià)值?！窘獯稹浚?）D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.pride驕傲；B.relief救濟(jì)，減輕；C.care關(guān)心；D.fun樂(lè)趣。句意：那很有趣。根據(jù)上文"Ienjoyedtellinglies.我喜歡說(shuō)謊。"可知"我"認(rèn)為說(shuō)謊很有樂(lè)趣。故答案為D。（2）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.blaming歸咎，責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；B.lying撒謊；C.struggling掙扎，努力；D.designing設(shè)計(jì)。句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我繼續(xù)撒謊。根據(jù)下文"Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.我很享受人們對(duì)我看似精彩的生活的反應(yīng)。"可知作者長(zhǎng)大一些后，依然在繼續(xù)撒謊。故答案為B。（3）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.changed改變；B.spread傳播；C.returned返回；D.completed完成。句意：但當(dāng)我15歲時(shí)，一切都變了。根據(jù)下文"putmeonthepathtohonesty讓我走上誠(chéng)實(shí)之路"可知在作者15歲時(shí)，以前愛(ài)撒謊的習(xí)慣改變了。故答案為A。（4）C.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義的辨析。A.helpedout幫助...擺脫困難；B.putaway放好，拋棄，儲(chǔ)存；C.lookedupto尊敬，敬仰；D.caughtupwith趕上。句意：我遇到了一個(gè)我非常敬仰的人，他讓我走上了誠(chéng)實(shí)的道路。根據(jù)下文"putmeonthepathtohonesty.讓我走上誠(chéng)實(shí)之路"以及語(yǔ)境分析可知作者對(duì)于這個(gè)幫助自己走上誠(chéng)實(shí)之路的人充滿(mǎn)了感激、尊敬，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知答案為C。（5）B.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.orders順，命令，訂單；B.stories故事；C.poems詩(shī)；D.songs歌曲。句意：我編了一些故事來(lái)讓他對(duì)我更感興趣，因?yàn)槲也淮_定真相是否足以讓他愿意繼續(xù)和我交往。根據(jù)前文作者以前愛(ài)撒謊的細(xì)節(jié)描述及謂語(yǔ)（madeup）與賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義上的合理搭配可知此處指"我編故事（說(shuō)謊）來(lái)引起別人的興趣。故答案為B。（6）C.考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.though盡管；B.while當(dāng)...時(shí)，與此同時(shí)；C.because因?yàn)?；D.but但是。句意：我編了一些故事來(lái)讓他對(duì)我更感興趣，因?yàn)槲也淮_定真相是否足以讓他愿意繼續(xù)和我交往。分析空格前后句的句意可知后一句是前一句的原因。故答案為C。（7）C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stage階段，舞臺(tái)；B.ground地面，土地；C.phone電話(huà)；D.street街道。句意：有一天他告訴我，"我不能再和你通電話(huà)了，因?yàn)槲铱床灰?jiàn)你的眼睛，所以我不確定你什么時(shí)候在騙我。"根據(jù)下文"Ican'tseeyoureyes我看不見(jiàn)你的眼睛"可知此處作者與這個(gè)人并不是面對(duì)面的溝通談話(huà)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)與空格前的詞構(gòu)成的onthephone（通過(guò)電話(huà)）與此處分析一致。故答案為C。（8）D.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.nearly差不多，幾乎，密切地；B.gradually逐漸地，C.slowly慢慢地；D.really真地。句意：這真的讓我很震驚，因?yàn)槲也恢浪牢乙恢痹趯?duì)他撒謊，而且他竟然因?yàn)檫@些謊言而結(jié)束我們的友誼。根據(jù)下文"Ididn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim我不知道他知道我一直在對(duì)他撒謊"可知當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到他說(shuō)不愿意繼續(xù)和我溝通時(shí)，我感到十分震驚，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知答案為D。（9）A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.friendship友誼；B.journey旅程；C.love愛(ài)；D.discussion討論。句意：這真的讓我很震驚，因?yàn)槲也恢浪牢乙恢痹趯?duì)他撒謊，而且他竟然因?yàn)檫@些謊言而結(jié)束我們的友誼。根據(jù)前文"workingwithme"再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知作者與這個(gè)人在平時(shí)的工作溝通中建立了友誼，此處指這個(gè)人要結(jié)束與作者之間的友誼。故答案為A。（10）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.proved證明；B.promised承諾；C.prayed祈禱；D.imagined想象。句意：我在那一刻向他承諾我再也不騙他了。根據(jù)下文"Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain.我跟自己約定再也不說(shuō)謊了。"可知此處指作者給這個(gè)人承諾再也不說(shuō)謊了。故答案為B。（11）A.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hard艱難的；B.smooth順滑的；C.frequent流利的；D.violent暴力的。句意：這是一個(gè)艱難的轉(zhuǎn)變，因?yàn)槲伊?xí)慣了夸大經(jīng)歷來(lái)獲得關(guān)注。根據(jù)下文"Iwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.我習(xí)慣了夸大經(jīng)歷來(lái)獲得關(guān)注。"可知說(shuō)謊已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常了，故要改變是十分艱難的。故答案為A。（12）D.考查介詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Atonce立刻；B.Atfirst首先；C.Forlong長(zhǎng)久；D.Intime及時(shí)，最終。句意：最終，他對(duì)我的信任得以重建。根據(jù)下文"histrustinmewasrebuilt.他對(duì)我的信任得以重建。"再結(jié)合上文我對(duì)他承諾再也不撒謊了可知此處指最終他對(duì)我的信任得以重建。故答案為D。（13）C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.cost花費(fèi)；B.tradition傳統(tǒng)；C.value價(jià)值；D.condition條件。句意：這就是我如何學(xué)會(huì)了誠(chéng)實(shí)的價(jià)值。根據(jù)前文作者因?yàn)槿鲋e差點(diǎn)失去友誼，又因?yàn)椴辉偃鲋e而重獲信任的細(xì)節(jié)可知此處指作者明白了誠(chéng)實(shí)的價(jià)值。故答案為C。（14）C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.lonely寂寞的，偏僻的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；小心的；C.powerful強(qiáng)大的，強(qiáng)有力的；D.independent獨(dú)立的。句意：當(dāng)我說(shuō)出真相時(shí)，我感到更有力量。根據(jù)前文作者意識(shí)到誠(chéng)實(shí)的價(jià)值等細(xì)節(jié)再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處作者認(rèn)為說(shuō)出真相會(huì)更加地有底氣、有力量。故答案為C。（15）A.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.true真的；B.lucky幸運(yùn)的；C.possible可能的；D.silly傻的。句意：這是真的。前文引用電影中的句子"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld.當(dāng)一個(gè)人說(shuō)謊時(shí)，他就失去了世界的一部分。"表達(dá)作者的觀點(diǎn)，可知作者對(duì)這句話(huà)表示贊同。故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空是在單項(xiàng)填空的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的介于單項(xiàng)填空和閱讀理解之間的一種題型。它題材廣泛，體裁多樣。文章內(nèi)容新穎、有趣、可讀性強(qiáng)，具有鮮明的時(shí)代感，包括社會(huì)生活、風(fēng)土人情、人文環(huán)境、人物傳記等。三．閱讀理解（共2小題）12．（2023?龍川縣校級(jí)模擬）LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth."You'remystrongestarmor（盔甲）andsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears，"Liuwroteinthelettertoherdaughter，8，andson，6，justdaysbeforebeinglaunchedintospaceforthesecondtimeonJune5ontheShenzhouXIVmission.Liu，43，becameChina'sfirstfemaleastronautin2012，whenshespent13daysinspaceduringtheShenzhouIXmission.DuringtheShenzhouXIVmission，shewillstayattheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths，workingwithtwomalecolleaguestocompletetheconstructionofthestation.ManypeoplesaidthatLiu'swordsallowedthemtoseethatanationalheroisalsoanordinarymother，andtheywishedforhersafereturn."Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes，"commentedonenetizenonSinaWeibo，China'sTwitter﹣likemicro﹣bloggingplatform."Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed，"LiutoldthemediaaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouXIVmission."WhenIwasabouttoreturntotheorbitalmoduleduringtheShenzhouIXmission，Istoppedandturnedaroundtosalute（致敬）theexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong，"Liusaid.Intheletter，sheencouragedherchildrennottobeafraidoffailurewhilepursuingtheirdreams.Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool."AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless，"shewroteintheletter."Mybabies，ifyoumissme，justlookupintothestarrysky.Everytimeyouseethestarstwinkle，it'sbecauseI'msaying'Iloveyou'."（1）WhatisthecommonreasonforLiu'sandnetizen'stears？AA．Liu'saffectionforherchildren.B．Liu'sindifferentexpressions.C．Liu'sseparationfromherfamily.D．Liu'srefusaltomeetwithherkids.（2）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiutakingovertheShenzhouXIVmission？DA．Considerateandexcited.B．Talkativeandexpectant.C．Readyandhonest.D．Confidentandequipped.（3）WhatisLiu'spurposeofwritingthisletter？BA．Toencouragekidstotry.B．Tosaygoodbyetoherchildren.C．Tocatchpublicattention.D．Topraisethespiritofspace.（4）Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？DA．Asciencemagazine.B．Awomanautobiography.C．AChinesetextbook.D．Anewscoverage.【答案】ADBD【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了中國(guó)第一位女性宇航員劉洋，在第二次升空后給孩子留的信感動(dòng)了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的故事。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段You'remystrongestarmorandsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears（你是我最堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的盔甲，也是我最柔軟的地方。我不讓你去發(fā)射場(chǎng)為我送行，因?yàn)槲遗挛視?huì)哭出來(lái)）以及第五段Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes（劉在信中充分表達(dá)了她對(duì)孩子們的愛(ài)，這讓我熱淚盈眶）可知，使劉洋和網(wǎng)友流淚的主要原因是劉洋對(duì)她孩子的深深的愛(ài)。故選A。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed（我感到更加自信和放松）以及第七段IstoppedandturnedaroundtosalutetheexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong（我停下腳步，轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，向我所在的空間站實(shí)驗(yàn)艙致敬。在那一刻，我告訴自己在不久的將來(lái)我會(huì)回到太空。我沒(méi)想到不久的將來(lái)會(huì)是十年）可知，劉洋對(duì)這次任務(wù)是自信的而且是做好了準(zhǔn)備的。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool.（劉補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，她很遺憾不能在兒子上小學(xué)的第一天陪伴在他身邊）以及AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless（雖然我不能和你在一起，但我不會(huì)減少對(duì)你的愛(ài)）可知，劉洋未能在兒子上小學(xué)的第一天陪伴在他身邊表示遺憾，她寫(xiě)這封信表達(dá)了對(duì)孩子的愛(ài)，并向她的孩子們告別。故選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth.（據(jù)報(bào)道，中國(guó)首位女宇航員劉洋在本月早些時(shí)候第二次升空后，給兩個(gè)孩子寫(xiě)了一封信，這封信被公之于眾，感動(dòng)了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的心。）可知，文章最有可能出自新聞報(bào)道。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本文是一篇記敘文閱讀。題目涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。13．（2023春?武強(qiáng)縣校級(jí)期末）IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse，Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots；whyraisethem？WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil，itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuse？Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinctcomesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou，requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere，begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers，growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse.（1）Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？DA．Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots.B．HealwaysmakesdecisionsinApril.C．Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland.D．Heenjoysthegardeninspring.（2）Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic？DA．Highprice.B．Environmentalconcern.C．Poorfunction.D．Personalpreference.（3）Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral？DA．Gardeningrequireswisdom.B．Gardeningoffersmoraladvice.C．Gardeningimprovesparenting.D．Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？BA．ToGardenorNotB．WhatIGardenforC．HowtoGardenD．WisdomfromGardens【答案】DDDB【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文中講述了作者自己種植蔬菜的原因?！窘獯稹浚?）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.（每當(dāng)四月來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，我總是看著那片貧瘠的土地，下定決心不再種植它。但不可避免的是，當(dāng)我醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，一股沁人心脾的香味，仿佛來(lái)自這個(gè)星球的中心，從窗戶(hù)里飄進(jìn)來(lái)。而太陽(yáng)突然間，在它照在地毯上的光線(xiàn)中似乎有一種不同的、更深的黃色。）可推知，作者喜歡春天的花園。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.（在過(guò)去的幾年里，我們把黑色的塑料放在兩排之間，效果非常好。但是塑料看起來(lái)太工業(yè)化了，太不浪漫了，所以我逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向干草。）可知，是個(gè)人喜好促使作者放棄塑料。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.（園藝的吸引力，我認(rèn)為，至少對(duì)一些園藝家來(lái)說(shuō)，是道德上的。每當(dāng)生活看起來(lái)毫無(wú)意義，難以把握的時(shí)候，你總是可以到花園里去做一些事情。）可知，作者說(shuō)園藝的吸引力是道德層面上的，因?yàn)閳@藝帶來(lái)精神上的滿(mǎn)足。故選D。（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Ihaveneverunderstood