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英語四級閱讀1800字

PassageOne

ConsumerCulture

Inaconsumerculture,whereweareencouragedtoconstantlybuyandreplacenewproducts,companieshavetoworkhardtokeepusinterested.Theyspendmillionsofdollarsonadvertisingandmarketingcampaignstopersuadeustopartwithourhard-earnedcash.Increasingly,theyareturningtosocialmediatocaptureourimaginationsandencourageustobuy.Socialmediainfluencers,whoarepaidlargesumstopromoteproducts,havebecomeanimportantchannelforcompaniestoreachyoungerconsumers.

Oneoftheconsequencesofthiswayoflifeistheamountofwasteweproduce.Wethrowawaysomuchthatcouldbereusedorrecycled,andmuchofitendsupdamagingourplanet.Theconsumercultureisalsohavinganimpactonourmentalhealth.Peopleareoftenmadetofeelthattheyarenotgoodenoughunlesstheyhavethelatestproducts.Thisisparticularlytrueforyoungpeople,whoaregrowingupinaworlddominatedbysocialmedia,whereitiseasytocomparethemselvestoothersandfeelinadequate.

However,therearepositiveaspectstoconsumerculture.Ithascreatedjobsandimprovedourstandardofliving.Wehaveaccesstoproductsthatourgrandparentscouldonlydreamof,andweareabletolivemorecomfortableandconvenientlivesasaresult.

Itisuptoustofindabalanceandmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhatwebuyandhowwedisposeofit.Weshouldthinkcarefullyabouttheimpactthatouractionshaveontheworldaroundusandonourownwellbeing.Weshouldaimtoreducewastebybuyingproductsthatwereallyneedandthatwilllastalongtime,andbyrecyclingandreusingwherepossible.Weshouldalsotrytolimitourexposuretoadvertisingandsocialmedia,andfocusonwhatistrulyimportantinlife.

Question1:Inaconsumerculture,companiesareworkinghardfor________.

A.peopletospendmoremoney

B.peopletosavemoney

C.peopletobuyproductssecond-hand

D.peopletodonatetheirproducts

Question2:Socialmediainfluencersareanimportantchannelforcompaniestoreach________.

A.olderconsumers

B.youngerconsumers

C.wealthyconsumers

D.overseasconsumers

Question3:Accordingtothepassage,theconsumerculturehasanegativeimpactonour________.

A.wealth

B.mentalhealth

C.accesstoproducts

D.standardofliving

Question4:Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theconsumercultureishavingnoimpactonourplanet.

B.Weshouldexposeourselvesmoretoadvertisingandsocialmedia.

C.Consumersshouldnotdisposeofproducts.

D.Weshouldfocusonwhatistrulyimportantinlife.

Question5:Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto________.

A.promotetheconsumerculture

B.criticizetheconsumerculture

C.encouragepeopletobuymoreproducts

D.persuadepeopletousesocialmediamorefrequently

PassageTwo

Earth'sWaterCycle

Thewatercycledescribeshowwaterevaporatesfromthesurfaceoftheearth,risesintotheatmosphere,coolsandcondensesintoclouds,andfallsbacktothesurfaceasprecipitation.Thisprocessisessentialforlifeonearth,asitprovidesfreshwaterfordrinking,irrigationandotheruses.

Evaporationistheprocessbywhichwaterchangesfromaliquidtoagasorvapor.Theheatfromthesuniswhatcausesevaporationtooccur.Asthewaterincreasesintemperature,itbeginstomovefasterandfaster,andeventuallyturnsintoagas.Thisgasthenrisesintotheatmosphere,whereitformsclouds.

Condensationistheprocessbywhichwatervaporintheatmosphereturnsintoliquidwater.Thisprocessoccurswhentheairbecomessaturatedwithwatervaporandthetemperaturedrops.Asthetemperaturedrops,thewatervaporlosesenergyandbeginstoformdroplets,whichcanthenfallasrainorotherprecipitation.

Precipitationistheprocessbywhichwaterfallsbacktothesurfaceoftheearth.Thiscantakemanydifferentforms,includingrain,snow,hailandsleet.Theamountandfrequencyofprecipitationvariesdependingonanumberoffactors,includinglocation,temperatureandairpressure.

Thewatercyclecanbeaffectedbyanumberofdifferentfactors,includinghumanactivities.Activitiessuchasdeforestation,irrigationanddammingcanallaffectthebalanceofthewatercycle,byalteringtheamountofwaterthatisavailableforevaporationorprecipitation.

Itisimportantthatweunderstandthewatercycleanditsprocesses,sothatwecanmanageourwaterresourceseffectively.Bydoingso,wecanensurethatwehaveenoughfreshwaterfordrinking,agricultureandindustry,aswellasprotectthedelicatebalanceofourplanet'secosystem.

Question1:Thewatercycleisessentialforlifeonearthasitprovides________.

A.freshairforbreathing

B.energyandfuel

C.freshwaterfordrinking

D.landforagriculture

Question2:Evaporationoccurswhenwaterchangesfromaliquidtoagasorvaporduetothe________.

A.Earth'srotation

B.theprocessofphotosynthesis

C.theheatfromthesun

D.thebacteriainthewater

Question3:Condensationtakesplacewhentheairbecomessaturatedwithwatervaporandthe________.

A.pressureincreases

B.airbecomesdry

C.temperaturerises

D.temperaturedrops

Question4:Precipitationcantaketheformof________.

A.freshwater

B.energyand

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